SU1004278A1 - Method for producing mineral wool - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the production of mineral wool and may find application in the industrial construction materials. Nowadays, mineral wool is made by processing silicate melts obtained by melting the starting material in coke cupboards and non-coke process units — submerged-flame furnaces, baths and cyclone furnaces. At the same time, waste is used as a raw material for cotton wool production: Domestic industries (primarily blast-furnace slags) or natural mineral materials (limestone, crushed granite, gabbrodiabaz, basal IDR.) For fuel are coke, gas or fuel oil. The main drawbacks of the most common cupola process for producing silicate melts are the need to use expensive and scarce coke fuel, rather stringent requirements for the particle size distribution of the charge, which eliminates the possibility of using mineral wool and other pulp waste without prior preparation, for example, briquetting, greater losses heat s. chemical underburning caused by CO reduction. to CO in the upper horizons of the cupola mine, the absence of conditions for the homogenization of the melt and the difficulty of controlling the process of melting the raw material. Cokeless process units — furnaces with a submerged torch, baths and cyclone furnaces make it possible to completely eliminate the use of scarce coke and to eliminate, at least partially, other fundamental disadvantages of the cupola-shaped process for the production of silicate melts. A method of producing mineral wool is obtained by processing a silicate melt obtained by melting a & m of raw material in a swirling plume of combustion products of gaseous or liquid fuel in cyclone aggregates. Compared with currently known methods for producing mineral wool, the use of a cyclone process allows to organize high-intensity smelting of materials in a limited volume. However, using a known method for producing silicate melts in cyclone furnaces requires the use of gaseous or liquid fuels. and the shortage of which in time is also steadily increasing. The closest to the invention by the technical essence and the achieved result is the method of obtaining mineral wool by processing fiery liquid slags formed during the combustion of fine-grained solid fuels in furnaces and cyclic preheaters of boiler units C2 However, despite the fact that the cost of mineral wool was obtained processing of fiery-liquid slags formed during the combustion of solid fuels, especially during the compression of high-ash cheap fuels in a vortex turbulent flow in cylinder chambers This technology has not yet found industrial application. This is due to the fact that the production of mineral wool is a by-product, foreign process for the boiler house and not about makes it easier to solve the problem of removing slags from it, but, on the contrary, complicates it. The heat released during the combustion of pulverized solid fuel in a vortex turbulent flow is intended here primarily for generating steam, and not for producing a silicate melt, therefore the quality produced in accordance with the known mineral wool is very low. The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of mineral wool. The goal is achieved by the fact that according to the method of obtaining mineral wool, including the combustion of pulverized solid fuels in a vortex turbulent flow with the formation of silicate melt, its processing and the production of mineral wool, 50-300% are fed into the zone of maximum temperatures of the vortex flow during combustion of dusty solid fuels from a dry mixture of fuels of powdered mineral additives and 3–9% of the total content of the mineral part of the fuel to finely ground acidifying additives. At the same time, as mineral additives, various types of dust can be used, first of all, the ash of dry selection of thermal power plants, decaying blast-furnace slags, mineral wool production itself, and various types of fine-grained mineral raw materials - limestone, dolomite, granite rubble, gabbro, gabbrodiabaz, basalt, etc. Sand, lime powder, perlite, etc. will be used as acidifying agents. The method is carried out as follows. Example 1. To obtain:. t:; or melt burn 0, g of finely ground coal Irsha-Borodino field with a lower heat of combustion QP 3740 kcal / kg and 0,940 tons of dry ash of the same coal, which is 209, is introduced into the zone of maximum temperatures of the vortex turbulent flow of combustion products % of dry coal oils and 0.029 tons of acidifying additive of quartz sand, which corresponds to; 3% of the total content of the mineral portion of the charge (coal ash and fly ash). A melt with an acidity modulus of 1.60 and a production rate of 1250-1310 ° C is obtained. Removal of the melt of 1 m of the working area is 2400 kg / m. After processing the melt receive cotton wool, the chemical composition of which is given in table. 1, and properties - in the table. 2. Example 2. To obtain 1 ton of melt, 0.675 ton of the Irsha-Borodino deposit is burned. Into the zone of maximum temperatures of combustion products, 0.610 tons of fly ash of this coal is introduced, which makes up 135% of the dry mass of fuel and 0.31% of a finely divided acidifying agent — perlite, which is 5 (i% of the total mineral content in coal ash and fly ash. Silicate melt is obtained with a modulus of acidity of 2.36 and a temperature of output of 1380-1445 ° C. Eating the melt from 1 m of working area is 2300 kg / m. The chemical composition of mineral wool npi: given in Table 1 and its properties are i; Table 2. Example 3. To obtain 1 ton of melt in a vortex the turbulent flow burns 0.395 g of Donets coal gas with inferior heat of 9.900 kcal / kg and ash ash E.18% by dry weight. In the maximum temperature zone, 0.900 tons of dry exhaust ash is introduced; ITO coal, which is 240% of the dry weight of the fuel and 0.113 tons of extra-flour flour, which is 11.6% of the total content of the mineral (ash) part of the burned raw material. This produces a melt from the module "1M acidity 7.03 and production temperature 1450-1520 ° s The specific steel melt per 1 m of the working area is 2150 kg / m. Chemical soy: tav obtained mineral wool is given in .tabl. 1, and properties - in the table. 2,

Example 4. To obtain 1 ton of melt, 0.095 tons of Eki coal of the Bastou deposit with a lower heat of combustion Q 4000 kcal / kg and ash on a dry mass A 40% are burned. 4060 tons of ash from the same coal are introduced into the zone of maximum temperatures of the combustion products, which is 50% of the dry weight of the coal and 0.740 tons of dolomite flour, which is 80% of the total mineral content. You get a melt with a modulus of acidity of 1.95 and a temperature of production 13401415 C. The specific removal of the melt from 1 m of working area is 2410 kg / m. The chemical composition of the obtained mineral wool is given in table. 1, and properties - in the table. 2

Example 5. To obtain 1 ton of the melt, 0.325 tons of Donetsk grade G coal is burned. In the zone of maximum temperatures of the combustion products stream, 0.900 tons of the main decomposing blast furnace slag are introduced, which is 300% of the dry weight of the coal and 0.100 tons of acidifying agent basalt of the Berestovtsevo deposit, which is 10.5% of the amount of ash and the bulk. You get a melt with a modulus of acidity of 1.37 and a temperature of generation 1260-1315 C.

Specific removal of melt with. 1 m of the working area is 2650 kg / m. After processing the melt, mineral wool is obtained, the chemical composition of which is given in table. 1, and

va - in tab. 2

Example 6. To obtain 1 ton of melt, 0.400 tons of Donets coal of grade G is burned. 0.9 tons of waste are introduced into the maximum temperature zone

mineral wool production (flakes, fiber trimming, etc.), which is 265% of the dry weight of coal and 0.040 tons of acidifying additive. ki - quartz sand, which is 4.0% of the total

mineral part of the fuel and waste. A melt with an acidity modulus of 1.35 and a generation temperature of 1270-1325 ° C is obtained. Specific eat

The melt per meter of working area is 2500 kg / m. The chemical composition of the fiber obtained after processing is given in table. 1, and its properties - in Table. 2

Table

Continued table. 2

Claims (2)

Humidity,% 0.50 0.42 0.38 Bulk weight, kg / m 94 92 94 Average fiber diameter, µm 5.8 6.3 The invention allows to organize a high-performance process High-quality mineral wool based on cheap solid fuels, c. Particularly high-ash coals, and waste from various industries - fly ash from thermal power plants, decaying blast-furnace slags, waste from the actual mineral-cotton production. The specific productivity of the process of melting per unit volume of the working chamber when using the proposed method can be 3-5 times higher than this, the rate of melting of the charge in cupola furnaces and bath furnaces. The favorable temperature and hydrodynamic indices provide a high degree of homogenization of the melt and the achievement of the required overheating of the melt (up to 1450–1500 ° С). The invention method of producing mineral wool, including the combustion of pulverized 0,40 0,45 0,39 0,6 93 90 93 94 solid fuels in a vortex turbulen :: nom stream with the formation of a silicate melt, processing it and obtaining mineral wool, characterized by that, in order to improve the quality of mineral wool, during the combustion of pulverized solid fuels, 50-ZOOH is introduced into the zone of maximum temperatures of the vortex flow from the dry weight of the fuel with pulverized mineral additives and 3-90% of the total mineral content of the finely ground sour acid fuel constituents additives. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1.Zhevelev V.N. Galvanic-promising smelting cyclone of the Kotovsky plant of mineral wool. Sat Ways to improve the melting units in the production of mineral and glass wool. Conference meetings, VNIITeploizoltsi. Vilnius, 1971, p. 123-133. 2. Velsovsky V.; N. and others. Mineral insulation. M., Stroyizdag, 1963, p. 44-45.