SK9716Y1 - Chipboard composite board based on rubber - Google Patents

Abstract

Rubber-based chipboard composite board consists of 72% - 82% wt. wood chips, from 10% - 20% wt. of rubber granulate with a fraction of 1 - 3 mm, from 7.36% wt. of formaldehyde glue and from 0.64% wt. paraffin emulsion. The production method of rubber-based chipboard composite board is that wood chips and recycled rubber granulate are mixed with formaldehyde glue and paraffin emulsion, the mixed mixture is then dosed into a pre-pressing mold to solidify the shape, and then placed in a pressing die where it is pressed at a decreasing pressure of 30 MPa, 15 MPa and 7.5 MPa at a temperature of 230 °C in two-minute intervals, with a total pressing time of approximately 6 minutes.

Description

The field of technology

The technical solution concerns a chipboard composite board containing recycled rubber-based material and the method of its production. As a recycled material, rubber granulate produced as waste from the production and operation of cars is used, which does not contain any part of metal or other materials.

Current state of the art

Several solutions are known in the state of the art that define and improve the production processes of composite boards.

Chipboards are usually produced by pressing from the wood of both coniferous and deciduous trees. The wood material of the board consists of a mixture of ground wood chips, which is created during the processing of solid wood. Wood chips are joined using formaldehyde-urea resin and layered most often in three layers.

Document WO 2015/105455 describes how holes and cracks in the wood veneer of a composite board can be filled with material from a support layer containing wood fibers and a binder, which is applied during the pressing of the board.

There are also solutions that are based on the use of different materials that are not produced on the basis of natural raw materials.

US 10,815,149 B2 describes the use and manufacture of hydrophobic board and cement products made from hydrophobic final compositions. In some embodiments, the material of the composition is completely waterproof. The surface of the gypsum panel is reinforced with inorganic mineral fibers, which face a flexible and hydrophobic cement finish with beneficial waterproofing properties. The waterproof plasterboard panels of the invention have many uses, for example as a tile board in wet or dry areas of buildings, as an external weather barrier panel for use as external cladding with low surface water absorption. A flexible and hydrophobic cementitious surface treatment may contain fly ash, a film forming polymer, silane compounds (eg, alkyl alkoxysilane), the use of one or more carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid salts or mixtures thereof, and other optional additives.

The disadvantage of composite boards based on natural materials is that they usually do not have sufficient physical-mechanical properties, such as anti-noise, thermal insulation or waterproofing properties.

Composite boards made from materials from other than renewable sources represent a burden on the environment due to the materials used, the production process and the resulting waste.

The essence of the technical solution

The shortcomings of the previously known types of products are eliminated by the presented technical solution, the essence of which consists in the production of a new type of composite board.

The main idea behind the production of composite chipboard based on wood chips and recycled rubber granules is to save material - wood chips and rubber, to utilize secondary raw materials, in this case rubber waste from the production and operation of cars. Such a solution has positive consequences manifested in the reduction of environmental burden.

The main share of rubber in the production of cars is tires, hoses, seals, V-belts and other parts. After thermomechanical or chemical treatment of such secondary waste raw material, a rubber granulate is obtained, which can be used for the production of technical rubber. By comparing production from primary natural resources with the use of waste raw materials, using one ton of secondary raw materials obtained by processing rubber waste for the production of rubber products saves up to 2 tons of oil. The saving is not only in the form of saved basic raw material, but also in saving the energy that would be needed for its processing.

Used tires are also a significant source of secondary raw materials. When they are disposed of by crushing, 56% of rubber crumb, 34% of polyamide and 10% of steel can be obtained. Rubber from tires contains 50-80% rubber and the rest of impurities, which are mostly carbon black. Used tires represent a special category of waste, and after the end of their useful life, they are often stored in huge piles, where they await their processing. The share of waste created by the collection of used tires in the Slovak Republic is almost 23,000 tons per year.

Since each of these materials has a different chemical composition, their recycling method also differs. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully separate and recover rubber during recycling.

Wood chip composite board based on rubber consists of wood chips 72% - 82% by weight, rubber granules 10% - 20% by weight. with a fraction of 1 - 3 mm, from formaldehyde glue 7.36% wt. and from paraffin emulsion 0.64 wt.%

Rubber granules from old tires (styrene-butadiene rubber - SBR), from old gaskets and carpets (ethylene-propylene-diene rubber - EPDM) and waste wood chips can be used in the production of a rubber-based chipboard composite board.

After mixing the individual components, a rubber-based chipboard composite board with defined physical-mechanical properties that can be used in practice is obtained by hot pressing.

Wood chips and recycled rubber granules are mixed with formaldehyde glue and paraffin emulsion. The prepared mixed mixture is then dosed into a mold for pre-pressing to solidify the shape and subsequently placed in a press die, where it is pressed at decreasing pressures of 30 MPa, 15 MPa and 7.5 MPa, at a temperature of 230 °C in two-minute intervals. The total pressing time is approximately 6 minutes.

The presented technical solution will ensure the ecological recovery of waste without the creation of an enormous amount of harmful substances, thus contributing to the elimination of the creation of waste landfills with an undesirable impact on the environment.

Implementation examples

Wood chip composite board based on rubber consists of wood chips 72% - 82% by weight, rubber granules 10% - 20% by weight. with a fraction of 1 - 3 mm, from formaldehyde glue 7.36% wt. and from paraffin emulsion 0.64 wt.%

Example 1

Wood chip composite board based on rubber consists of wood chips 82% by weight, rubber granulate with a fraction of 1-3 mm 10% by weight, formaldehyde glue 7.36% by weight. and from paraffin emulsion 0.64 wt.% In this case, the rubber granulate is a recycled mixture based on rubber waste from cars containing tires - SBR or seals in combination with carpets - EPDM.

Wood chips and recycled rubber granules are mixed with formaldehyde glue and paraffin emulsion. The prepared mixed mixture is dosed into a mold for pre-pressing to solidify the shape and then into a pressing matrix, where it is pressed at a decreasing pressure of 30 MPa, 15 MPa and 7.5 MPa, at a temperature of 230 °C in two-minute intervals. The total pressing time is approximately 6 minutes.

Example 2

Wood chip composite board based on rubber consists of wood chips 77% by weight, rubber granulate with a fraction of 1-3 mm 15% by weight, formaldehyde glue 7.36% by weight. and from paraffin emulsion 0.64 wt.% In this case, the rubber granulate is a recycled mixture based on rubber waste from cars containing tires - SBR or seals in combination with carpets - EPDM. Wood chips and recycled rubber granules are mixed with formaldehyde glue and paraffin emulsion. The prepared mixed mixture is dosed into a mold for pre-pressing to solidify the shape and then into a pressing matrix, where it is pressed at a decreasing pressure of 30 MPa, 15 MPa and 7.5 MPa, at a temperature of 230 °C in two-minute intervals. The total pressing time is 6 minutes.

Example 3

Wood chip composite board based on rubber consists of wood chips 72% by weight, rubber granulate with a fraction of 1-3 mm 20% by weight, formaldehyde glue 7.36% by weight. and from paraffin emulsion 0.64 wt.% In this case, the rubber granulate is a recycled mixture based on rubber waste from cars containing tires - SBR or seals in combination with carpets - EPDM. Wood chips and recycled rubber granules are mixed with formaldehyde glue and paraffin emulsion. The prepared mixed mixture is dosed into a mold for pre-pressing to solidify the shape and then into a pressing matrix, where it is pressed at a decreasing pressure of 30 MPa, 15 MPa and 7.5 MPa, at a temperature of 230 °C in two-minute intervals. The total pressing time is 6 minutes.

Industrial applicability

The technical solution of the created chipboard composite board based on rubber can be used indoors or outdoors in the form of boards in construction, furniture and other industries. Chipboards based on rubber can fulfill the function of anti-noise, thermal insulation or combined, and in interaction with other materials, also waterproof.

Claims (5)

CLAIMS FOR PROTECTION 1. Chipboard composite board based on rubber, characterized by the fact that it consists of 72% - 82% by weight. wood chips, from 10% - 20% wt. of rubber granulate with a fraction of 1 - 3 mm, from 7.36% 5 wt. of formaldehyde glue and from 0.64% wt. paraffin emulsion. 2. Chipboard composite board based on rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that the rubber granulate is a recycled mixture based on granulate from old tires - styrene-butadiene rubber SBR. 3. Chipboard composite board based on rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that the rubber granulate is a recycled mixture based on old seals and carpets - ethylene-propylene-diene EPDM rubber. 4. Wood chip composite board based on rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that waste wood chip is used as wood chip. 5. The method of production of chipboard composite board based on rubber according to claim 1, characterized by 15 by mixing wood chips and recycled rubber granulate with formaldehyde glue and paraffin emulsion, the mixed mixture is then dosed into a pre-press mold to solidify the shape, and then placed in a press die where it is pressed under a decreasing pressure of 30 MPa. 15 MPa and 7.5 MPa at a temperature of 230 °C in two-minute intervals, with a total pressing time of approximately 6 minutes.