SK672022A3 - Rubber-based chipboard composite board and method of its production - Google Patents
Rubber-based chipboard composite board and method of its production Download PDFInfo
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- SK672022A3 SK672022A3 SK67-2022A SK672022A SK672022A3 SK 672022 A3 SK672022 A3 SK 672022A3 SK 672022 A SK672022 A SK 672022A SK 672022 A3 SK672022 A3 SK 672022A3
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- rubber
- composite board
- mpa
- granulate
- wood chip
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- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000011093 chipboard Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical class O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001734 carboxylic acid salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Technické riešenie sa týka drevotrieskovej kompozitnej dosky obsahujúcej recyklovaný materiál na báze gumy a spôsobu jej výroby. Ako recyklovaný materiál sa použije gumený granulát vznikajúci ako odpad z výroby a prevádzky automobilov, ktorý neobsahuje žiadny podiel kovových alebo iných materiálov.The technical solution concerns a chipboard composite board containing recycled rubber-based material and the method of its production. As a recycled material, rubber granulate produced as waste from the production and operation of cars is used, which does not contain any part of metal or other materials.
Doterajší stav technikyCurrent state of the art
V stave techniky je známych viacero riešení, ktoré definujú a vylepšujú procesy výroby kompozitných dosiek.Several solutions are known in the state of the art that define and improve the production processes of composite boards.
Drevotrieskové dosky sa bežne vyrábajú lisovaním z drevnej hmoty ihličnatých aj listnatých drevín. Drevnú hmotu dosky tvorí zmes rozomletej drevnej triesky, ktorá vzniká pri opracovaní masívneho dreva. Drevná trieska je spojovaná pomocou formaldehydovo- močovinovej živice a vrstvená najčastejšie v troch vrstvách.Chipboards are usually produced by pressing from the wood of both coniferous and deciduous trees. The wood material of the board consists of a mixture of ground wood chips, which is created during the processing of solid wood. Wood chips are joined using formaldehyde-urea resin and layered most often in three layers.
Dokument WO 2015/105455 opisuje ako diery a praskliny drevenej dyhy kompozitnej dosky môžu byť vyplnené materiálom z podpornej vrstvy obsahujúcej drevené vlákna a spojivo, ktoré sa aplikujú počas lisovania dosky.Document WO 2015/105455 describes how holes and cracks in the wood veneer of a composite board can be filled with material from a support layer containing wood fibers and a binder, which is applied during the pressing of the board.
Existujú aj riešenia, ktoré sú založené na použití rôznych materiálov, ktoré nie sú vyrábané na báze prírodnej suroviny.There are also solutions that are based on the use of different materials that are not produced on the basis of natural raw materials.
V dokumente USA 10 815 149 B2 je popísané použitie a výroba hydrofóbnej dosky a cementové výrobky vyrobené z hydrofóbnych konečných kompozícií. V niektorých uskutočneniach je materiál kompozície úplne vodotesný. Povrch sadrového panelu je vystužený anorganickými minerálnymi vláknami, ktoré čelia pružnej a hydrofóbnej cementovej povrchovej úprave s prospešnými hydroizolačnými vlastnosťami. Vodotesné sadrokartónové panely vynálezu majú mnoho využití, použijú sa napríklad ako doska dlaždíc vo vlhkých alebo suchých oblastiach budov, ako vonkajší panel meteorologickej bariéry na použitie ako vonkajšie opláštenie s nízkou absorpciou vody na povrchu. Flexibilná a hydrofóbna cementová povrchová úprava môže obsahovať popolček, film tvoriaci polymér, zlúčeniny sitánu (napr. alkyl alkoxysilane), použitie jednej alebo viacerých karboxylových kyselín, solí karboxylových kyselín alebo ich zmesí a iných voliteľných prísad.US 10,815,149 B2 describes the use and manufacture of hydrophobic board and cement products made from hydrophobic final compositions. In some embodiments, the material of the composition is completely waterproof. The surface of the gypsum panel is reinforced with inorganic mineral fibers, which face a flexible and hydrophobic cement finish with beneficial waterproofing properties. The waterproof plasterboard panels of the invention have many uses, for example as a tile board in wet or dry areas of buildings, as an external weather barrier panel for use as external cladding with low surface water absorption. A flexible and hydrophobic cementitious surface treatment may contain fly ash, a film-forming polymer, silica compounds (eg, alkyl alkoxysilane), the use of one or more carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid salts or mixtures thereof, and other optional additives.
Nevýhodou kompozitných dosiek na báze prírodných materiálov je, že väčšinou nemajú dostatočné fyzikálno-mechanické vlastnosti, ako sú protihlukové, tepelnoizolačné alebo hydroizolačné vlastnosti.The disadvantage of composite boards based on natural materials is that they usually do not have sufficient physical-mechanical properties, such as anti-noise, thermal insulation or waterproofing properties.
Kompozitné dosky vyrobené z materiálov z iných než z obnoviteľných zdrojov zase predstavujú použitými materiálmi, procesom výroby a vznikajúcim odpadom zaťaženie pre životné prostredie.Composite boards made from materials from other than renewable sources represent a burden on the environment due to the materials used, the production process and the resulting waste.
Podstata technického riešeniaThe essence of the technical solution
Nedostatky doteraz známych typov výrobkov odstraňuje predkladané technické riešenie, ktorého podstata spočíva v produkcii nového typu kompozitnej dosky.The shortcomings of the previously known types of products are eliminated by the presented technical solution, the essence of which consists in the production of a new type of composite board.
Hlavná myšlienka výroby kompozitnej drevotrieskovej dosky na báze drevnej triesky a recyklovaného gumeného granulátu spočíva v šetrení materiálu - drevnej triesky a gumy, v zužitkovaní druhotných surovín, v tomto prípade gumeného odpadu z výroby a prevádzky automobilov. Takéto riešenie má pozitívne dôsledky prejavujúce sa v znížení zaťaženia životného prostredia.The main idea behind the production of composite chipboard based on wood chips and recycled rubber granules is to save material - wood chips and rubber, to utilize secondary raw materials, in this case rubber waste from the production and operation of cars. Such a solution has positive consequences manifested in the reduction of environmental burden.
Hlavný podiel gumy vo výrobe automobilov pripadá na pneumatiky, hadice, tesnenia, klinové remene a ďalšie diely. Po termomechanickej alebo chemickej úprave takejto druhotnej odpadovej suroviny sa získa gumený granulát, ktorý sa dá použiť na výrobu technickej gumy. Porovnaním výroby z prvotných prírodných zdrojov s využitím odpadových surovín sa využitím jednej tony druhotných surovín získaných spracovaním gumeného odpadu pre výrobu gumených výrobkov ušetria až 2 tony ropy. Úspora je nielen vo forme ušetrenej základnej suroviny, ale aj v šetrení energie, ktorá by bola potrebná na jej spracovanie.The main share of rubber in the production of cars is tires, hoses, seals, V-belts and other parts. After thermomechanical or chemical treatment of such secondary waste raw material, a rubber granulate is obtained, which can be used for the production of technical rubber. By comparing production from primary natural resources with the use of waste raw materials, using one ton of secondary raw materials obtained by processing rubber waste for the production of rubber products saves up to 2 tons of oil. The saving is not only in the form of saved basic raw material, but also in saving the energy that would be needed for its processing.
Ojazdené pneumatiky tiež predstavujú významný zdroj druhotných surovín. Pri ich likvidácií drvením možno získať 56 % gumenej drviny, 34 % polyamidu a 10 % ocele. Guma z pneumatík obsahuje 50 - 80 % kaučuku, a zvyšok prímesí, ktoré tvoria prevažne sadze. Použité pneumatiky predstavujú osobitnú kategóriu odpadov a po uplynutí životnosti sú často skladované na obrovských hromadách, kde čakajú na svoje spracovanie. Podiel vzniknutého odpadu zberom opotrebovaných pneumatík predstavuje v SR takmer 23tisíc ton ročne.Used tires are also a significant source of secondary raw materials. When they are disposed of by crushing, 56% of rubber crumb, 34% of polyamide and 10% of steel can be obtained. Rubber from tires contains 50-80% rubber, and the rest of impurities, which are mostly carbon black. Used tires represent a special category of waste, and after the end of their useful life, they are often stored in huge piles, where they await their processing. The share of waste generated by the collection of used tires in the Slovak Republic is almost 23,000 tons per year.
Keďže každý z týchto materiálov má rozdielne chemické zloženie, líši sa aj ich spôsob recyklácie. Preto je potrebné gumu pri recyklácii dôsledne separovať a zhodnocovať.Since each of these materials has a different chemical composition, their recycling method also differs. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully separate and recover the rubber during recycling.
Drevotriesková kompozitná doska na báze gumy pozostáva z drevnej triesky 72 % - 82 % hmotn., zRubber-based wood chip composite board consists of wood chips 72% - 82% by weight, from
SK 67-2022 A3 gumového granulátu 10 % - 20 % hmotn. s frakciou 1 - 3 mm, z formaldehydového lepidla 7,36 % hmotn. a z parafínovej emulzie 0,64 % hmotn.SK 67-2022 A3 of rubber granulate 10% - 20% wt. with a fraction of 1 - 3 mm, from formaldehyde glue 7.36% wt. and from paraffin emulsion 0.64 wt.%
Pri výrobe drevotrieskovej kompozitnej dosky na báze gumy sa môžu použiť gumené granuláty zo starých pneumatík (styrén-butadiénový kaučuk - SBR), zo starých tesnení a kobercov (etylén-propylén-diénový kaučuk - EPDM) a odpadová drevná trieska.Rubber granules from old tires (styrene-butadiene rubber - SBR), from old gaskets and carpets (ethylene-propylene-diene rubber - EPDM) and waste wood chips can be used in the production of a rubber-based chipboard composite board.
Po zmiešaní jednotlivých zložiek sa lisovaním za tepla získa drevotriesková kompozitná doska na báze gumy s definovanými fyzikálno-mechanickými vlastnosťami, využiteľnými v praxi.After mixing the individual components, a rubber-based chipboard composite board with defined physical-mechanical properties that can be used in practice is obtained by hot pressing.
Drevná trieska a recyklovaný gumový granulát sa zmiešajú s formaldehydovým lepidlom a parafínovou emulziou. Pripravená vymiešaná zmes sa potom dávkuje do formy na predlisovanie kvôli zoceleniu tvaru a následne sa umiestni do lisovacej matrice, kde sa lisuje pri znižujúcom sa tlaku 30 MPa, 15 MPa a 7,5 MPa, pri teplote 230 °C v dvojminútových intervaloch. Celková doba lisovania je približne 6 minút.Wood chips and recycled rubber granules are mixed with formaldehyde glue and paraffin emulsion. The prepared mixed mixture is then dosed into a mold for pre-pressing to solidify the shape and then placed in a press die, where it is pressed at decreasing pressures of 30 MPa, 15 MPa and 7.5 MPa, at a temperature of 230 °C in two-minute intervals. The total pressing time is approximately 6 minutes.
Predkladané technické riešenie zabezpečí ekologické zhodnocovanie odpadu bez tvorby enormného množstva škodlivých látok a prispeje tak k eliminácii tvorby skládok odpadu s nežiaducim vplyvom na životné prostredie.The presented technical solution will ensure the ecological recovery of waste without the creation of an enormous amount of harmful substances and will thus contribute to the elimination of the creation of waste landfills with an undesirable impact on the environment.
Príklady uskutočneniaImplementation examples
Drevotriesková kompozitná doska na báze gumy pozostáva z drevnej triesky 72 % -82 % hmotn., z gumového granulátu 10 % - 20 % hmotn. s frakciou 1 - 3 mm, z formaldehydového lepidla 7,36 % hmotn. a z parafínovej emulzie 0,64 % hmotn.Wood chip composite board based on rubber consists of wood chips 72%-82% by weight, rubber granules 10%-20% by weight. with a fraction of 1 - 3 mm, from formaldehyde glue 7.36% wt. and from paraffin emulsion 0.64 wt.%
Príklad 1Example 1
Drevotriesková kompozitná doska na báze gumy pozostáva z drevnej triesky 82 % hmotn., z gumového granulátu s frakciou 1 - 3 mm 10 % hmotn., z formaldehydového lepidla 7,36 % hmotn. a z parafínovej emulzie 0,64 % hmotn. Gumový granulát je v tomto prípade recyklovaná zmes na báze gumového odpadu z automobilov obsahujúca pneumatiky - SBR alebo tesnenia v kombinácii s kobercami - EPDM.Wood chip composite board based on rubber consists of wood chips 82% by weight, rubber granulate with a fraction of 1-3 mm 10% by weight, formaldehyde glue 7.36% by weight. and from paraffin emulsion 0.64 wt.% In this case, the rubber granulate is a recycled mixture based on rubber waste from cars containing tires - SBR or seals in combination with carpets - EPDM.
Drevná trieska a recyklovaný gumený granulát sa zmiešajú s formaldehydovým lepidlom a parafínovou emulziou. Pripravená zmiešaná zmes sa dávkuje do formy na predlisovanie kvôli zoceleniu tvaru a následne do lisovacej matrice, kde sa lisuje pri znižujúcom sa tlaku 30 MPa, 15 MPa a 7,5 MPa, pri teplote 230 °C v dvojminútových intervaloch. Celková doba lisovania je približne 6 minút.Wood chips and recycled rubber granules are mixed with formaldehyde glue and paraffin emulsion. The prepared mixed mixture is dosed into a mold for pre-pressing to solidify the shape and then into a pressing matrix, where it is pressed at decreasing pressures of 30 MPa, 15 MPa and 7.5 MPa, at a temperature of 230 °C in two-minute intervals. The total pressing time is approximately 6 minutes.
Príklad 2Example 2
Drevotriesková kompozitná doska na báze gumy pozostáva z drevnej triesky 77 % hmotn., z gumového granulátu s frakciou 1 - 3 mm 15 % hmotn., z formaldehydového lepidla 7,36 % hmotn. a z parafínovej emulzie 0,64 % hmotn. Gumový granulát je v tomto prípade recyklovaná zmes na báze gumového odpadu z automobilov obsahujúca pneumatiky - SBR alebo tesnenia v kombinácii s kobercami - EPDM. Drevná trieska a recyklovaný gumený granulát sa zmiešajú s formaldehydovým lepidlom a parafínovou emulziou. Pripravená zmiešaná zmes sa dávkuje do formy na predlisovanie kvôli zoceleniu tvaru a následne do lisovacej matrice, kde sa lisuje pri znižujúcom sa tlaku 30 MPa, 15 MPa a 7,5 MPa, pri teplote 230 °C v dvojminútových intervaloch. Celková doba lisovania je 6 minút.Wood chip composite board based on rubber consists of wood chips 77% by weight, rubber granulate with a fraction of 1-3 mm 15% by weight, formaldehyde glue 7.36% by weight. and from paraffin emulsion 0.64 wt.% In this case, the rubber granulate is a recycled mixture based on rubber waste from cars containing tires - SBR or seals in combination with carpets - EPDM. Wood chips and recycled rubber granules are mixed with formaldehyde glue and paraffin emulsion. The prepared mixed mixture is dosed into a mold for pre-pressing to solidify the shape and then into a pressing matrix, where it is pressed at a decreasing pressure of 30 MPa, 15 MPa and 7.5 MPa, at a temperature of 230 °C in two-minute intervals. The total pressing time is 6 minutes.
Príklad 3Example 3
Drevotriesková kompozitná doska na báze gumy pozostáva z drevnej triesky 72 % hmotn., z gumového granulátu s frakciou 1 - 3 mm 20 % hmotn., z formaldehydového lepidla 7,36 % hmotn. a z parafínovej emulzie 0,64 % hmotn. Gumový granulát je v tomto prípade recyklovaná zmes na báze gumového odpadu z automobilov obsahujúca pneumatiky - SBR alebo tesnenia v kombinácii s kobercami - EPDM. Drevná trieska a recyklovaný gumený granulát sa zmiešajú s formaldehydovým lepidlom a parafínovou emulziou. Pripravená zmiešaná zmes sa dávkuje do formy na predlisovanie kvôli zoceleniu tvaru a následne do lisovacej matrice, kde sa lisuje pri znižujúcom sa tlaku 30 MPa, 15 MPa a 7,5 MPa, pri teplote 230 °C v dvojminútových intervaloch. Celková doba lisovania je 6 minút.Wood chip composite board based on rubber consists of wood chips 72% by weight, rubber granulate with a fraction of 1-3 mm 20% by weight, formaldehyde glue 7.36% by weight. and from paraffin emulsion 0.64 wt.% In this case, the rubber granulate is a recycled mixture based on rubber waste from cars containing tires - SBR or seals in combination with carpets - EPDM. Wood chips and recycled rubber granules are mixed with formaldehyde glue and paraffin emulsion. The prepared mixed mixture is dosed into a mold for pre-pressing to solidify the shape and then into a pressing matrix, where it is pressed at a decreasing pressure of 30 MPa, 15 MPa and 7.5 MPa, at a temperature of 230 °C in two-minute intervals. The total pressing time is 6 minutes.
SK 67-2022 A3SK 67-2022 A3
Priemyselná využiteľnosťIndustrial applicability
Technické riešenie vytvorenej drevotrieskovej kompozitnej dosky na báze gumy je možné využiť v interiéri alebo v exteriéri vo forme dosiek v stavebníctve, nábytkárstve a iných odvetviach priemyslu. Drevotrieskové 5 dosky na báze gumy môžu plniť funkciu protihlukovú, tepelnoizolačnú alebo kombinovanú a v interakcii s inými materiálmi aj hydroizolačnú.The technical solution of the created rubber-based chipboard composite board can be used indoors or outdoors in the form of boards in construction, furniture and other industries. Chipboard 5 rubber-based boards can fulfill the function of anti-noise, thermal insulation or combined, and in interaction with other materials, also waterproof.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SK67-2022A SK672022A3 (en) | 2022-06-27 | 2022-06-27 | Rubber-based chipboard composite board and method of its production |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SK67-2022A SK672022A3 (en) | 2022-06-27 | 2022-06-27 | Rubber-based chipboard composite board and method of its production |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SK672022A3 true SK672022A3 (en) | 2024-01-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SK67-2022A SK672022A3 (en) | 2022-06-27 | 2022-06-27 | Rubber-based chipboard composite board and method of its production |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| SK (1) | SK672022A3 (en) |
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2022
- 2022-06-27 SK SK67-2022A patent/SK672022A3/en unknown
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