SK8494Y1 - Method for recovery of waste product in production of heat or electricity from solid fuels and method of use this recovered waste product - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for recovery the waste product from the production of heat or electricity from solid fuels comprises the step of mixing the waste product with water and forming a pumpable hydro-mixture; the step of mixing the hydro-mixture with the organic substances essential for plant growth (or inorganic substances) in an amount of 5 to 85% in proportion to the dry matter content of the hydro-mixture and to form a mixture containing the organic substances essential for plant growth and the step of safely landfilling or utilizing the formed mixture containing the organic substances essential for plant growth.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for recovering waste product resulting from the production of heat or electric power from solid fuels, which comprises slag or slag, ash and fly ash. The technical solution concerns the way of utilization of this recovered waste product.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the production of heat or electricity from solid fuels, i.e. the combustion of solid fuel in heating plants or thermal power plants, a waste product is formed, which is residues in the form of slag or slag, ash, fly ash and boiler dust.

The hot fly ash, which is trapped on the filters, slag and other solid fuel combustion residues, is stored in tanks or mixed directly in the dredging station with hot water and subsequently washed with water to form a pumpable suspension - hydro-mixtures. Hydro-mixtures are pumped by hydraulic piping (so-called slag pipeline) (so-called sediment float) to the tailing pond. In the tailings pond, the hydromixes freely sediment - dewatering. The water separated from the hydromix by sedimentation is returned via piping back to the heating plant, where it is reused for sediment floatation. Such ponds generally represent a long-term environmental burden.

Contact of hot combustion residues with water causes a change in their physical and chemical properties. The effect of water on hot residues leads to zeolite - a fly ash on a phillipsite-like zeolite mineral neoplasm, which has high sorption properties, often 2 to 2.5 times higher than the natural phillipsit zeolite mineral. The zeolitized residues have the advantage that they can be used as a sorbent for all cations and anions having a smaller ionic radius (e.g., the ionic radius of Ca, Mg, Pb, NH4). Despite their unique properties, zeolitized residues cannot be used separately for reclamation because they do not contain organic carbon or humic substances themselves and have inappropriate physical properties.

The aim of this technical solution is to propose a method of recovery of waste product resulting from the production of heat or electricity from solid fuels and also a method of utilization of this recovered waste product, which would substantially eliminate the problems of the present state. in the tailings ponds.

The essence of the technical solution

Said objective is achieved by a method of recovering the waste product resulting from the production of heat or electricity from solid fuels and by using this / evaluated waste product.

The method of recovering a waste product resulting from the production of heat or electric power from solid fuels according to the present invention consists in comprising the step of mixing the waste product with water and forming a pumpable hydromix, the step of mixing the hydromix with admixture containing organic substances necessary for plant growth. an amount of 5 to 85% relative to the weight of the dry matter contained in the water mixture and forming a mixture containing organic substances required for plant growth; and a step of safely storing, recovering and / or utilizing the formed mixture containing organic substances required for plant growth.

The admixture containing organic substances required for plant growth may be e.g. topsoil, peat, compost, humic substances, sewage sludge, paper sludge, beer filtration waste - diatomaceous earth, etc.

Advantageously, the step of mixing the hydrophilic admixture containing the organic substances required for the growth of the plants comprises or is followed by the step of mixing the mixture containing the organic substances required for the growth of the plants with the flocculating agent.

The method of recovering the waste product resulting from the production of heat or electric power from solid fuels according to the present invention also comprises the step of mixing the waste product with water and forming a pumpable water mixture, a step of mixing the water mixture with admixture containing 5 to 85 % in proportion to the weight of dry matter contained in the hydride and forming a mixture containing inorganic substances, a step of mixing the mixture with a solidifying agent and a step of safely storing or utilizing the formed mixture containing inorganic substances.

The admixture containing inorganic substances may be e.g. filter dust, waste lime, red aluminum sludge, drilling muds, abrasive dust, ink removal muds, paints and pigments, tank bottom muds, used filter clays, used activated carbon and the like.

Advantageously, the step of mixing the aqueous mixture with the inorganic additive is followed

With K 8494 Υ1 a step of mixing the mixture containing inorganic substances with a flocculating agent

Preferably, a dewatering step is performed prior to the step of mixing the mixture with the solidifying agent.

The nature of the waste product utilized by the process according to the invention is based on the fact that the water mixtures and / or the mixture containing organic substances necessary for the growth of the plants and / or the mixture containing inorganic substances are fed to a tailing pond and / or filled into geotextile bags. which are embedded in the tailing pond and / or on the surface of the tailing pond, and / or at another location and / or surface.

Preferably, the filled geotextile bags are stacked in layers.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The technical solution is explained in more detail in the accompanying drawings, in which FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process according to the present invention for admixture containing organic matter required for plant growth; FIG. 2 shows a flow diagram of a process according to the invention for the treatment of an admixture containing inorganic substances, and FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a method of utilizing the recovered waste product, in particular to increase capacity and / or containment and / or reclamation of a sludge bed.

EXAMPLES

In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 1, in a first step 1, hot slag or slag, ash, fly ash, boiler dust, as waste products in the generation of heat or solid fuel electricity, is mixed with water. This is shown in particular in FIG. 1 is effected by feeding the waste product from the slag and dust container 9, the fly ash container 10 and process water from the process water reservoir 11 to a dredging station 12 with a pump where the components are mixed and pumpable hydromixes are formed. This pumpable hydromix is further conveyed by pipeline 8, which is usually the orifice 34.

In the next step 2, the water mixtures are mixed with an admixture containing 5 to 85% of the organic matter required for plant growth in proportion to the weight of dry matter contained in the water mixture. The admixture containing organic substances required for plant growth may be e.g. topsoil, peat, compost, humic substances, sewage sludge, paper sludge, beer filtration waste - diatomaceous earth, etc. This is shown in particular in FIG. 1 is carried out by supplying the water mixture from line 8 and impurities containing organic substances necessary for plant growth to the mixing chamber 19. From the mixing chamber 19, the mixture is then conveyed by pump 20 to line 8 and to the sedimentation sludge 34 for sedimentation. This constitutes a step 6 of safely storing or utilizing the formed mixture, since the sedimented mixture, once the capacity of the tailing pond 34 has been filled, creates a nutrient substrate suitable for vegetation growth, which ultimately creates a safe, reinforced surface of the tailing pond 34. This practically reclaims the sludge bed 34. This sedimented mixture can also be extracted from the tailing pond 34 and used elsewhere except for agricultural and forest areas, e.g. for landscaping, reclamation of other areas, etc. This essentially increases the capacity of the tailings pond, since the extraction of the sedimented mixture will free up space in the tailings pond 34. The separated water 26 during sedimentation is preferably returned to the process as process water.

In addition, due to the content of zeolitized residues resulting from the contact of hot combustion residues with water, the resulting product has additionally enhanced sorption properties.

If the admixture has an unsuitable consistency, i.e. it cannot be pumped, the admixture is pre-treated by mixing it with process water to such a consistency that it forms a homogeneous pumpable suspension suitable for admixture with a hydromix. This is shown in particular in FIG. 1 is carried out by supplying the admixtures containing the organic substances necessary for plant growth from the admixture container 13 and process water from the reservoir 14 to the mixing tank 15. From the mixing tank 15 the pump 16 is conveyed by the pump 16 into the storage tank 17. in a homogeneous state, in water in water, by continuous stirring from the storage tank 17, the admixture is then fed to the mixing chamber 19.

In order to separate the water from the mixture more rapidly, flocculating agents can be added in step 3 after mixing the aqueous mixture with the admixture. The addition of flocculating agents can also be carried out also in step 2. As flocculating agents, agents known e.g. under the trade names Superfloc, Sokoflok, Magnafloc. This, in particular, according to FIG. 1, by feeding the flocculants from the flocculant reservoir 21 through the pump 22 to the mixing chamber 23. The mixture formed in this step 3 is then conveyed by the feed pump 24 to the line 8.

N E 8494 Υ1

In another embodiment, referring to FIG. 2, in the first step 1, the slag or ash, ash, fly ash, boiler dust, as waste products in the production of heat or solid fuel electricity, is mixed with water. This is shown in particular in FIG. 1 is effected by feeding the waste product from the slag and dust container 9, the fly ash container 10 and process water from the process water reservoir 11 to a dredging station 12 with a pump where the components are mixed and pumpable hydromixes are formed. This pumpable hydromix is then further conveyed via line 8, which usually opens to a tailing pond 34.

In the next step 2, the hydromixes are mixed with an admixture containing inorganic substances in an amount of 5 to 85% in proportion to the weight of dry matter contained in the hydromix. The admixture containing inorganic substances may be e.g. filter dust, lime, red aluminum sludge, drilling sludge, grinding dust, ink removal sludge, paints and pigments, tank bottom sludge, used filter clays, used activated carbon, beer filtration wastes and the like. This is shown in particular in FIG. 2 is carried out by supplying the mixture from line 8 and the inorganic-containing admixtures to the mixing chamber 19. From the mixing chamber 19 s, and then transporting the mixture through the pump 20 to the line 8.

In the next step 5, the mixture is mixed with a solidifying agent. As solidifying agents, mixtures of water with a reagent, e.g. Na 2 Si 3 or K 2 SO 3, or NaOH, or Na 2 Cl 2, or KOH, or K 2 CO 3. This, in particular, according to FIG. 2, by feeding the solidifying agents from the solidifying agent reservoir 28 through the metering pump 30 into the mixing tank 31. The mixture formed in the previous step 2 is fed to the mixing tank 31 through the feed pump 27 via line 8. into the piping 8 and the sedimentation pond 34 for sedimentation. This constitutes a step 6 of safely landfilling or utilizing the product formed from the mixture, since the sedimented mixture solidifies over time after filling the tailing pond 34, creating a safe, reinforced surface of the tailing pond 34 where there is practically no risk of sediment sedimentation during rains and the like. This virtually closes the tailing pond 34. This sedimented product mixture can also be extracted from the sludge bed 34, since solidification is not fast, and used elsewhere, e.g. for landscaping and the like. This essentially increases the capacity of the tailings pond, since the extraction of the sedimented mixture will free up space in the tailings pond 34. The separated water 26 during sedimentation is preferably returned to the process as process water. It is also possible to use a solidified mixture, but in this case it is necessary to break up the solidified mixture for further handling before use, whereby the mixture can be used e.g. as backfill material.

Said product has new physical and chemical properties such as strength, chemical immobilization of heavy metals, reduced radioactivity, lower filtration coefficient (depending on reagents added).

In addition, due to the content of zeolitized residues resulting from the contact of hot combustion residues with water, the resulting product has additionally enhanced sorption properties.

If the admixture has an unsuitable consistency, i.e. it cannot be pumped, the admixture is pre-treated by mixing it with process water to such a consistency that it forms a homogeneous pumpable suspension suitable for admixture with a hydromix. This is shown in particular in FIG. 2 is carried out by supplying an admixture containing inorganic substances from the admixture container 13 and process water from the reservoir 14 to the mixing tank 15. From the mixing tank 15, pumpable admixture is conveyed to the storage tank 17 where it is kept homogeneous until mixing. in water, continuous stirring. From the storage tank 17, the admixture is then fed to the mixing chamber 19.

In order to separate the water from the mixture more rapidly, flocculating agents can be added in step 3 after mixing the aqueous mixture with the admixture. The addition of flocculating agents can also be carried out in step 2. As flocculating agents, agents known e.g. under the trade names Superfloc, Sokoflok, Magnafloc. This, in particular, according to FIG. 2, by feeding the flocculants from the flocculant reservoir 21 through the pump 22 into the mixing chamber 23, to which the dredging pump 20 is fed through the mixing chamber 19 through the mixing chamber 19 in the previous step 2. The mixture formed in this step 3 is then conveyed 8th

In order to increase the solidification efficiency of the mixture, it is advantageous that a dewatering step 4 is carried out between step 3 of adding flocculating agents and step 5 of adding solidifying agents. This, in particular, according to FIG. 2, is effected by feeding the mixture to a drainage device 25, where a substantial part of the water is removed from the mixture, which as the separated water 26 is preferably returned to the process as process water. The mixture is dewatered only to the extent that it can still be transported by pumps.

In the above examples, a hydromix, e.g. j. a pumpable mixture of waste product resulting from the production of heat or electricity from solid fuels and water, essentially utilizing existing heating or thermal power plant equipment. This existing device is normally formed by waste product tanks 9, 10, process water tank 11 and dredging station 12. From this dredging station 12, the hydrospheres are then routed through a pipe 8 to a tailing pond 34. However, it is also possible to prepare the hydrospheres separately. that is, without the use of existing equipment and pipelines of heat or power plants. In this case, it is taken directly for the process according to the invention

S K 8494 Υί as dry waste product or withdrawn from tailings pond. The hydro-mixtures are then prepared in a separate apparatus and subsequently processed analogously to those described in the examples. Then, the existing existing piping 8 of the heating or thermal power stations and the tailing pond, respectively, are not used. storage of the processed product, with and may be located in a location other than a tailing pond 34.

The following exemplary embodiments of FIG. 3 relate to a method of utilizing the waste product recovered by the method according to the present invention, namely to increase the capacity and / or close and / or reclaim the tailings ponds 34.

In one example, the waste product recovered by the method of the present invention can be removed from line 8 and filled into geotextile bags 35. The bags 35 are in the case of a full capacity sludge bed 34 deposited on the sludge bed surface 34. Preferably the bags 35 are filled gradually from the furthest part of the sludge bed. 34. In bag 35, the mixture sedimentes and water flows out of bag 35, thereby freeing additional space for the mixture to be introduced in bag 35. After the bag 35 has been sedimented, the next bag 35 continues to be filled. If one bag 35 reaches its capacity during the filling of the bag 35, i.e. the water is not sufficient to drain sufficiently, it is possible to continue to fill the next bag 35. drainage of water from it. The bags 35 can also be stacked, that is, after forming one layer of the bags with the sedimented mixture, it is possible to continue stacking and filling the bags 35 in the next layer. Of course, other possibilities of deploying and filling the bags 35 are also possible, depending on the requirements of the project or the arrangement of the particular tailing pond 34.

Geotextile bags, generally, are commercially available e.g. under the names Geotube®, Geobag®, Geocontainer®, WaterStructures® and AquaDam®. Geotextile bags are made directly in production in the required dimensions. Typically, they are from 4.57 to 18.29 m wide (width as required) and up to 61 m long. These bags can be placed either individually or stacked in various figures (dikes, areas). The bags are applied in various building constructions. Bag applications are usually divided into construction and drainage applications. In the field of construction applications, geotextile bags are used as dikes or dams to prevent erosion and as static protection. The bags can also be used to protect slopes. Construction bags are usually designed to withstand both short and long-term environmental influences.

In order to increase the capacity and / or the closure and / or reclamation of the sludge bed 34 from the viewpoint of the composition of the bags 35, it is possible to proceed in various ways, some of which are given as illustrative examples. In this case, of course, other options are also possible depending on the project requirements for capacity increase and / or closure and / or reclamation of the tailings pond 34.

In one example, to increase the capacity of a tailing pond 34 above the dimension designated for the maximum capacity of the tailing pond 34 and its reclamation, it is possible to deposit the bags 35 in one or more layers on the tailing pond surface or in its dikes and fill them with a waste product , which contains an admixture containing organic substances necessary for plant growth. After sedimentation, the bags 35 can be disrupted and the substrate flattened and prepared for vegetation application.

In another example, to increase the capacity of a tailing pond 34 above the dimension designated for the maximum capacity of the tailing pond 34 and to close it, it is possible to store the bags 35 in one or more layers and fill them with the waste product in accordance with the present invention. , which comprises an admixture containing inorganic substances and a solidifying agent. The mixture in the bags 35 can be left to sediment and solidify. For the eventual reclamation, if desired, it is possible to form an outer layer of bags 35 filled with the waste product according to the present invention, which contains an admixture containing organic substances necessary for plant growth. After sedimentation, the bags 35 can be disrupted and the substrate flattened and prepared for vegetation application.

In another example, to increase the capacity of the sludge bed 34 above the dimension designated for the maximum capacity of the sludge bed 34 and to close and / or reclaim it, it is possible to form a bag layer 35 with a mixture containing organic substances needed for plant growth and / or with a mixture containing inorganic substances. a solidifying agent, to form a layer or multiple layers of bags 35 that are filled directly with the hydromix, i.e. j. a mixture of waste product resulting from the production of heat or electricity from solid fuels and water. This can advantageously save impurities and reagents in the event of a large increase in the capacity of the sludge bed 34.

As mentioned above, the waste product recovered in accordance with the present invention can be removed from line 8. In another example, a dredging pump can be installed at the tailing pond 34 to pump the liquid mixture from the tailing pond 34, thereby freeing the space to flow the mixture with the piping 8.

The example of recovery of the waste product recovered according to the present invention relates to an existing tailings pond 34. The recovered waste product can also be placed, pumped and filled into bags 35 at other suitable sites or areas where it can be further transported for further use after dewatering as stated in the industrial applicability of this technical solution.

The examples given are illustrative and do not exhaust all possibilities of carrying out the processes according to the invention which are within the scope of the claims.

S K 8494 Υί

Industrial usability

This technical solution has a wide range of applications. It can be used directly for enterprises producing heat or electricity from solid fuels, as well as for waste processors. The waste product recovered in accordance with this technical solution can then be used as a material - product, for carrying out technical works in the construction industry, such as for the production of construction products and materials, for carrying out technical work in the construction industry, connected with closure and reclamation of landfills, quarries , erosive grooves, excavated mining areas, tailings ponds and ash deposits (ash, clinker, fly ash and filter dust), reconstruction, treatment and increase of dams, earth embankments, increasing the capacity of landfills, earthworks, tailings ponds (even above the dam crown respectively). above the flood level), landscaping, for the prevention and stabilization of landslides, reclamation and revitalization of excavated areas and areas, dumps, tailings ponds (even above the dam crown, respectively. max. flood level), quarries, mining surface works. It can also be used in construction for various landscaping, such as. pit fillings, retaining mounds, slope formation and reinforcement, etc.

Claims (7)

A method of recovering a waste product resulting from the production of heat or electricity from solid fuels, comprising the step (1) of mixing the waste product with water and forming a pumpable hydro-mixture, characterized in that after step (1) mixing the waste product with water and forming a pumpable hydro-mixture followed by step (2) of mixing the water mixture with the admixture containing organic matter required for plant growth in an amount of 5 to 85% relative to the dry matter contained in the water mixture and forming a mixture containing the organic matter required for plant growth; utilization of the formed mixture with the content of organic substances necessary for plant growth. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step (2) of mixing the water mixture with the admixture containing the organic substances necessary for the growth of the plants comprises or is followed by the step (3) of admixing the mixture containing the organic substances required for the growth of the plants with the flocculating agent. A process for recovering waste product resulting from the production of heat or electric power from solid fuels, comprising the step (1) of mixing the waste product with water and forming a pumpable hydro-mixture, characterized in that after step (1) mixing the waste product with water and forming a pumpable hydro-mixture followed by step (2) of mixing the admixture of the admixture with an inorganic content in an amount of 5 to 85% relative to the weight of the dry matter contained in the admixture and forming the admixture with an inorganic substance, step (5) of admixing the mixture with the solidifying agent; landfilling or utilizing the formed mixture with the inorganic substances. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the step (2) of mixing the inorganic-containing water-admixture is followed by the step (3) of mixing the inorganic-content mixture with the flocculating agent. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that after step (3) of mixing the mixture containing the inorganic substances with the flocculating agent, a dewatering step (4) is performed. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in step (6), the safely landfill or use of the formed mixture of water mixtures and / or the mixture containing organic substances required for plant growth and / or the mixture containing inorganic substances is fed. and / or is fed into geotextile bags (35) which are embedded in the tailstock (34) and / or on the surface of the tailstock (34), and / or elsewhere, and / or the surface. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the filled geotextile bags (35) are stacked in layers.