SK7771Y1 - Filter the effective elimination of the nitrogen oxide concentration and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for combustion of solid fuel in boilers - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a filter to effectively eliminate the content of nitrogen oxides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the combustion of fuels in boilers, which consists of the sorbent zone (3) and a sorption-catalytic zone (4), wherein the sorption zone (3) forms a chemically modified zeolite having sorption properties and sorption-catalytic zone (4) consisting of a chemically modified zeolite of sorption and catalytic properties for the reduction of hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxide in exhaust gas escaping

Description

Technical field

The solid fuel boiler is a source of harmful emissions, which contribute a great deal to air pollution. Combustion products contain various inorganic and organic components. Among the inorganic constituents are mainly carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, the organic constituents are the products of combustion of aliphatic hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons which have a negative effect on the health of the population, such as benzo (a) pyrene, characterized by carcinogenic properties. The reduction of these substances harmful to health is not yet technically ensured.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Combustion of fuels generates a high volume of pollutants, especially hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, which are discharged into the atmosphere without change.

The essence of the technical solution

The essence of the solution is to use the sorption and ion-exchange properties of natural zeolite - clinoptilolite, whose deposit is located in Slovakia near Nižný Hrabovec. Naturally occurring zeolite after chemical modification utilizing ion-exchange properties also has catalytic properties and can therefore be used both as a sorbent of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and as a catalyst for the conversion of nitrogen oxides to nitrogen. The solution uses a combination of chemically modified natural zeolite with sorption properties as well as chemically modified zeolite with catalytic properties. In the apparatus body is placed zeolite filling divided into two layers. According to the proposal, the flue gas is firstly passed through a layer of chemically modified zeolite into a monoionic form to which polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are adsorbed and subsequently through a layer of modified zeolite which, by means of metal cations such as platinum, palladium, cobalt, catalytic converts nitric oxide and nitrogen to nitrogen. The two layers are separated from each other by a flue gas screen.

Advantages of this solution: Sorption of carcinogenic hydrocarbons and conversion of nitrogen oxides to harmless nitrogen. Increased environmental protection when combining catalytic conversion with sorption.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a boiler with a zeolite filter.

EXAMPLES

The boiler with zeolite filter is shown in Figure 1. The figure shows boiler 1, solid fuel 2, sorption zone 3, sorption-catalytic zone 4, chimney 5.

The procedure is as follows:

The combustion gases produced by the combustion of solid fuel are passed through the sorption zone 3, which consists of chemically modified clinoptilolite based on ion exchange processes. They absorb hydrocarbons into this sorption zone. Upon passing through the second layer, the sorption-catalytic zone 4, the nitrogen oxides are catalytically converted to nitrogen. The sorption-catalytic zone 4 consists of a layer of clinoptilolite modified with solutions containing metal cations.

Industrial usability

The zeolite sorption-catalytic apparatus is useful in solid fuel boilers. It saves the environment and helps to maintain good health of the population. At the same time it helps to use the domestic resources of zeolite.

Claims (1)

Filter for the effective elimination of nitrogen oxides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the combustion of solid fuel in boilers, characterized in that it consists of a sorption zone (3) SK 7771 Υ1 and sorption-catalytic zone (4), wherein the sorption zone (3) consists of chemically modified zeolite with sorption properties and sorption-catalytic zone (4) consists of chemically modified zeolite with sorption and catalytic properties for reducing hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxides content escaping flue gas.