SK542016A3 - Filter for effective elimination of nitrogen oxides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during combustion of solid fuel in boilers - Google Patents
Filter for effective elimination of nitrogen oxides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during combustion of solid fuel in boilers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SK542016A3 SK542016A3 SK54-2016A SK542016A SK542016A3 SK 542016 A3 SK542016 A3 SK 542016A3 SK 542016 A SK542016 A SK 542016A SK 542016 A3 SK542016 A3 SK 542016A3
- Authority
- SK
- Slovakia
- Prior art keywords
- sorption
- nitrogen oxides
- zone
- solid fuel
- boilers
- Prior art date
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- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 title 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical class O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- JYIBXUUINYLWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;calcium;potassium;silicon;sodium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Na].[Al].[Si].[K].[Ca] JYIBXUUINYLWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 3
- FMMWHPNWAFZXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benz[a]pyrene Chemical compound C1=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=C(C=C3)C2=C2C3=CC=CC2=C1 FMMWHPNWAFZXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001603 clinoptilolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXVHTIQJNYSSKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N BeP Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C34 TXVHTIQJNYSSKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Je opísaný filter na účinnú elimináciu obsahu oxidov dusíka a polycyklických aromatických uhľovodíkov pri spaľovaní pevného paliva v kotloch, pričom je tvorený sorpčnou zónou (3) a sorpčno-katalytickou zónou (4), pričom sorpčnú zónu (3) tvorí chemicky modifikovaný zeolit so sorpčnými vlastnosťami a sorpčno-katalytickú zónu (4) tvorí chemicky modifikovaný zeolit so sorpčnými a katalytickými vlastnosťami na znižovanie obsahu uhľovodíkov a oxidov dusíka v unikajúcich spalinách.A filter is described for effectively eliminating the content of nitrogen oxides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons when burning solid fuel in boilers, comprising a sorption zone (3) and a sorption-catalytic zone (4), wherein the sorption zone (3) is a chemically modified zeolite with sorption properties and the sorption-catalytic zone (4) constitutes a chemically modified zeolite with sorption and catalytic properties to reduce the hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxide content of the escaping flue gas.
Description
Oblasť technikyTechnical field
Kotol na spaľovanie pevného paliva je zdrojom škodlivých emisií, ktoré prispievajú značnou mierou ku znečisteniu ovzdušia. Splodiny spaľovania obsahujú rôzne anorganické a organické zložky. Z anorganických zložiek sú to predovšetkým oxid uhoľnatý a oxidy dusíka, z organických zložiek sú produktom spaľovania alifatické uhľovodíky aj polycyklické aromatické uhľovodíky, ktoré majú negatívny účinok na zdravie obyvateľstva, ako napríklad benzo(a)pyrén vyznačujúci sa karcinogénnymi vlastnosťami. Znižovanie obsahu týchto zdraviu škodlivých látok ešte nie je technicky zabezpečené.The solid fuel boiler is a source of harmful emissions, which contribute a great deal to air pollution. Combustion products contain various inorganic and organic components. Among the inorganic constituents are mainly carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, the organic constituents are the products of combustion of aliphatic hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons which have a negative effect on the health of the population, such as benzo (a) pyrene, characterized by carcinogenic properties. The reduction of these substances harmful to health is not yet technically ensured.
Doterajší stav technikyBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Spaľovaním palív vzniká vysoký objem škodlivín, najmä uhľovodíkov a oxidov dusíka, ktoré sú vypúšťané do ovzdušia bez zmeny.Combustion of fuels generates a high volume of pollutants, especially hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, which are discharged into the atmosphere unchanged.
Podstata vynálezuSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Podstatou riešenia je využitie sorpčných a iónovovýmenných vlastností prírodného zeolitu klinoptilolitu, ktorého ložisko sa nachádza na Slovensku pri Nižnom Hrabovci. Prírodný zeolit po chemickej modifikácii využijúc pri tom iónovovýmenné vlastnosti, nadobúda tiež katalytické vlastnosti, v dôsledku čoho sa dá použiť aj ako sorbent polycyklických aromatických uhľovodíkov, aj ako katalyzátor na premenu oxidov dusíka na dusík. Riešenie využíva kombináciu chemicky upraveného prírodného zeolitu so sorpčnými vlastnosťami, aj chemicky modifikovaného zeolitu s katalytickými vlastnosťami. V telese aparátu je umiestnená zeolitová náplň rozdelená na dve vrstvy. Podľa návrhu sú spaliny prepúšťané najprv cez vrstvu chemicky upraveného zeolitu do monoiónovej formy, na ktorý sa nasorbujú polycyklické aromatické uhľovodíky a následne cez vrstvu modifikovaného zeolitu, ktorý pomocou katiónov kovov, ako platina, paládium, kobalt katalyticky premieňa oxid dusnatý a dusičitý na dusík. Obe vrstvy sú od seba oddelené sitom, priepustným pre spaliny.The essence of the solution is to use the sorption and ion-exchange properties of the natural zeolite clinoptilolite, whose deposit is located in Slovakia near Nižný Hrabovec. Naturally occurring zeolite after chemical modification using ion-exchange properties also has catalytic properties, and can therefore be used both as a sorbent of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and as a catalyst for the conversion of nitrogen oxides to nitrogen. The solution uses a combination of chemically modified natural zeolite with sorption properties as well as chemically modified zeolite with catalytic properties. In the apparatus body is placed zeolitic filling divided into two layers. According to the proposal, the flue gas is firstly passed through a layer of chemically modified zeolite into a monoionic form to which polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are adsorbed and then through a layer of modified zeolite which catalytically converts nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide to nitrogen using metal cations such as platinum, palladium. The two layers are separated from each other by a flue gas-permeable screen.
Výhody tohto riešenia: Sorpcia karcinogénnych uhľovodíkov a premena oxidov dusíka na neškodný dusík. Zvýšená ochrana životného prostredia pri kombinácii katalytickej premeny so sorpciou.Advantages of this solution: Sorption of carcinogenic hydrocarbons and conversion of nitrogen oxides to harmless nitrogen. Increased environmental protection when combining catalytic conversion with sorption.
Prehľad obrázkov na výkresochBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Na priloženom obrázku 1 je znázornená schéma kotla so zeolitovým filtrom.Figure 1 shows a diagram of a boiler with a zeolite filter.
Príklady uskutočneniaEXAMPLES
Kotol so zeolitovým filtrom je znázornený na obrázku 1. Na obrázku je znázornený kotol 1, tuhé palivo 2, sorpčná zóna 3, sorpčno-katalytická zóna 4, komín 5.A boiler with a zeolite filter is shown in Figure 1. The figure shows a boiler 1, solid fuel 2, sorption zone 3, sorption-catalytic zone 4, stack 5.
Postup činnosti je nasledovný: .......The procedure is as follows: .......
Spaliny produkované spaľovaním tuhého paliva sú prepúšťané cez sorpčnú zónu, ktorú tvorí chemicky upravený klinoptilolit na základe iónovovýmenných procesov. Na tento sorbent sa nasorbujú uhľovodíky. Pri prechode druhou vrstvou - sorpčno-katalytickou zónou sú oxidy dusíka katalyticky premieňané na dusík. Sorpčno - katalytická zóna pozostáva z vrstvy klinoptilolitu modifikovaného pomocou roztokov obsahujúcich katióny kovov.The combustion gases produced by solid fuel combustion are passed through a sorption zone consisting of chemically modified clinoptilolite based on ion exchange processes. Hydrocarbons are adsorbed to this sorbent. Upon passing through the second layer - the sorption-catalytic zone, the nitrogen oxides are catalytically converted to nitrogen. The sorption-catalytic zone consists of a layer of clinoptilolite modified with solutions containing metal cations.
Priemyselná využiteľnosťIndustrial usability
Zeolitový sorpčno - katalytický aparát je využiteľný u domových kotlov na pevné palivo. Šetri' životné prostredie a napomáha udržiavať dotirý zdravotný stav ob-'vatel’sGa. Zároveŕi napomáha využitiu domácich zdrojov zeolitu.The zeolite sorption - catalytic apparatus can be used in solid fuel boilers. Conserve ENVIRONMENT f s p e and the rostro di om p Ah and for d r fo Avatiu cant health of the ob-'vatel'sGa. From ároveŕi facilitates utilization of domestic resources zeolite.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SK54-2016A SK288777B6 (en) | 2016-05-12 | 2016-05-12 | Filter for effective elimination of nitrogen oxides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during combustion of solid fuel in boilers |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SK54-2016A SK288777B6 (en) | 2016-05-12 | 2016-05-12 | Filter for effective elimination of nitrogen oxides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during combustion of solid fuel in boilers |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SK542016A3 true SK542016A3 (en) | 2017-12-04 |
| SK288777B6 SK288777B6 (en) | 2020-09-03 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SK54-2016A SK288777B6 (en) | 2016-05-12 | 2016-05-12 | Filter for effective elimination of nitrogen oxides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during combustion of solid fuel in boilers |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| SK (1) | SK288777B6 (en) |
-
2016
- 2016-05-12 SK SK54-2016A patent/SK288777B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SK288777B6 (en) | 2020-09-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM4A | Patent lapsed due to non-payment of maintenance fees |
Effective date: 20200803 |