SK7382001A3 - Universal wind energy system - Google Patents

Abstract

The device consists of a two- and multi-blade horizontal rotor axis and rectifier and collector systems wing type. The rotor (3) is located between the front the hinge wings (1) and rear (4); or at least in front of the rear assembly (4), or at least behind the front system (1), the vertical lift of which has its center of gravity behind the point of attachment of the mast top (5) in the turret (6A). A drawbar (12) for forming a hinge angle of the suspension The wings are connected to the buoyancy limiter. top part of the mast (5) the animal with the vertical axis angle in its tensile a reinforcing part with a tilt in the direction of the wind flow, whereby rotatably mounted on a vertical column (10) in the turret (6A).

Description

Universal wind energy system

Technical field

The invention relates to wind power systems suitable for use in broad performance categories and extended territories compared to the current state. The system is particularly suitable for creating efficient wind fields of high power in flat, mountain, seaside, and marine environments.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

After a long period of controversy, wind power has developed rapidly, and wind parks made up of dozens of power units are built wherever conditions allow economic operation. The basic conditions for economical operation of wind turbines are: high wind speed diameter, flow uniformity in direction and force. More systems have been designed than single, double, triple and multi-blade rotors with horizontal axis, rotors with vertical axis - especially Savoni and Darrier turbines. Placing turbines is solved on poles with possible rope bracing, or without wind walls, diffusers, aerostats. In practice, systems of two- and three-blade rotors with horizontal axis based on bare hollow masts have been developed. The rotors are secured by brakes and blades turning at times of excessive air flow. The rotors do not further increase the speed after the nominal speed is obtained at 10-14 m / s wind speed. By rotating the blades, they are kept constant up to a critical flow rate at about 20 m / s, then the rotor stops. Such systems are currently being built in areas with high winds above 10 m / s at a height of about 50 m above the ground. Rotors are most effective at speeds of about 7: 1 (multiple of peripheral speed versus wind speed). Suitable sites for the above mentioned wind energy systems are especially in coastal areas, islands. Once the most suitable sites are exhausted, it will be necessary to apply design modifications that reduce the cost of the systems and their suitability for other, even hard to reach, locations. However, the effort to achieve the highest output power from the point of view of decreasing the unit price of aggregates and electricity distribution in the present mentioned systems encounters a discrepancy in the price of other subgroups. The cost of a mast and rotor blades increases in size more than proportional to power. The weight per 1 kW of installed power increases approximately proportionally to the size. The price of the gearbox is also increasing at a higher gear ratio. Other disadvantages of the current state are the lack of efficiency caused by the inductive resistance of the described circular surface, so that the jets across the surface have the lowest density and flow velocity - around the surface, high transmission losses, resistance losses in wind fields.

The design nature of current systems reduces the economic efficiency of operation in mountainous conditions. The transport of energy from small to medium-sized units to the grid or offtake is inefficient, large units with respect to the above and with respect to wind shock are not applicable. In addition, sudden changes in wind direction force the rotor blades to be oversized and cost-intensive. Placing on floating platforms is totally unsuitable due to the high torque load of the foundation.

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SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

These disadvantages of current wind energy systems are solved by a universal wind energy system suitable for all basic types of environment. Versatility of use and low torque load on the bearing structure, rotor blades, reducer is achieved by combining known and new solutions with new features with an arrangement that roror with horizontal axis and unit power has a smaller diameter, higher flow rate and speed compared to a standard rotor . The rotor dimensions and rotational speed make it possible to use the centrifugal principle for blade bending resistance and, in conjunction with the small diameter, significantly reduce the cost of rotor blades and gearbox. The rotor is located at the point of highest flow between the front assembly and the rear assembly of the hinged wings with horizontal and side surfaces. The prevailing vertical buoyancy together with the resistors creates a resultant whose direction is close to the tensile reinforcing part of the mast upper part and hence its predominantly only tensile stress. The overall inclination of the mast upper part also causes the rotor axis to rotate in the wind direction. The angle of attack of the pendulum wings is created by partitions which tighten the lift force limiter (weight, spring, tire, flexible strips) so that even when the wind speed suddenly changes, the pendulums open like slats and the flow rate through the rotor is reduced without inertia. The side slats have two functions, concentrating the direction of air flow into the rotor and tensioning the horizontal suspension wings so that the wing beams are not bent. The balance of the entire system is ensured in part by a counterweight, a safety pull from the counterweight arm to the turret and a stop between the counterweight arm and the turret. The application of the above balancing elements is variable according to size and destination. The low weight of the rotor and the wings and the direction of the resulting aerodynamic force on smaller units allow operation without the horizontal axis in the turret and without the locking rod, stop and counterweight. At the highest point of the system is a pillar for supporting wing beams. In a particular variant of the use of the flow in the higher layers, the aerostat will perform the function of the column, the application of which allows low system mass. The combination of several units of the system on one vertical axis of the turret and one foundation column will create the necessary wide system for utilizing the surface of the mountain ridges, thus multiplying the theoretical capacity of the mountain gable and ridge surfaces.

Utilization of the sea areas and thus virtually unlimited capacity of wind power is created by modification of the system for perfect stability in the aquatic environment. The counterweight is positioned so that the material center of gravity of the whole is under the buoy, which will replace the turret. The counterweight is rotatably attached to the wind block anchor or node. Possible angles determining the auxiliary buoys together with the central buoy are below the surface, the height of the hydrostatic wines does not affect stability. Wing lift forces increase stability.

An alternative is to combine two ways of using the energy of the sea wind and thus more efficiently using the common energy distribution. At the same time, the buoys can act as cylinders - bells with water pistons and compress the air into the reservoir due to the backwater.

The use of offshore offshore areas to produce accumulated forms of energy (hydrogen) is possible if the system is placed on a catamaran sailboat with programmed direction control across the wind.

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Image overview

In FIG. 1 is a side view of a universal wind power system positioned on a plane.

In FIG. 2 is a front view of the connected 3 units into an overhang system mounted on a hill.

In FIG. 3 is a side view of u. in. with. placed on the water surface.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Versatile wind power system designed to be installed on flat or slightly hilly terrain of medium power (100 to 500 kW) with usable frequent occurrence of winds around 10 m / s consists of rotor 3 with automatically rotating blades by centrifugal force and standard equipment (generator, gearbox, a collector of diameter 0.33 of the collector diagonal assembled from the front assembly 1, the rear assembly 4 of the hinged wings and the side slats 2 reinforced by struts to the pillar 11. The upper part of the mast 5 is mounted in the turret 6A by the vertical axis. The turret 6A is rotatably mounted on the vertical axis of the base column 10. On the balancing arm, the counterweight 7 is positioned and secured by a locking rod 8A and a stop 9A.

Puncture and purpose u. in. with. it aims to reduce the weight and production costs of the system, which is achieved by applying not only the effects of new known principles but also by interacting with their effects. This has resulted in a cost reduction for all four main components of the wind power system. The proposed design of the 500 kW unit was technologically analyzed and compared with the performance-related design of the current three-blade rotor system under one production condition:

500 kW max. power characteristic system. About 70 m uhlopr.kol. 70 m designs, syst. reason change new effect pole-base 80 ths. USD 40 ths. USD other kind of stress gener. + transfers 0 ths. USD 70 ths.CZK / obyv. USD high speed Rotor-collector 80 ths. USD 45 thousand (15 + 30) small centrifugal rotor low velocity collector control 10 ths.CZK / obyv. USD 7 ths.CZK / obyv. USD small rotor, small and without servo turning pretty 270 ths. USD 162 ths. USD price 1 kWh 100% 60%

The technologist's guarantee for budget accuracy (20%) does not affect the relative comparison, so the generally valid cost reduction is significant. The stress reduction of the mast is evident from the direction of buoyancy-resistance forces. Reduction of rotoj # stress results from aerodynamic processes at a single power: in comparison to the current Q 70 m sys- tem, it is necessary to increase r r in four compression stages of front pressure i and suffer decompression stages of back pressure 4.

pressure drop approximately 5-fold by aryme increase the flow rate from 0.9 (including induction losses) to twice the original. Increasing the speed by 2.22 times will keep the original power with the rotor 3.3 times smaller diameter and 2.22 times less load. The cross section is less than 2.22 times and 3.3 times smaller in diameter, t. j. about 7.35 times less weight is proportional to the reduced rotor cost. In addition, the relatively smaller rotor assumes the advantages of a small diameter for the centrifugal principle of buckling, control, torsional stability and rate of response to the change in angle of attack. Turning in the direction of the wind does not need a servomotor, it results from the way of placing the upper part of the mast 5 on the foundation pillar

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Suspension wings have a simple beznosníkový construction. Including leading profile suspended on interconnecting cable, plastic surface, partitions suspended on vertical ropes with 1Z cable tie

Another embodiment of the invention are small units for cottages, houses, boats and the like. In this category, the specific advantage of not influencing television signals by a small rotor, easy assembly of light parts at elevated places without anchors or with small anchoring (Fig. 1), engine speed away from infrasound 5-10 Hz, the possibility to get economically to forest level .

Another exemplary embodiment of the invention are large units for placement on tops of mountains or ridges (Fig. 2). The uniting of units in width makes better use of the overall floor plan area when occupying windy locations.

Another embodiment of the invention is wind fields built on nets below sea level. The net is anchored by extreme buoys, the units are fixed in the nodes 13 of the net rotatable (Fig. 3). The unit's center of gravity is below buoy 6B. The unit rotates into the wind around the node 13, stabilized by a pair of specified buoys 8B. All buoys are submerged and hydrostatic stable even at large waves. The angle of the ratio is determined by the wind force, resistance and buoyancy, independent of the waves. The exploitation of marine areas makes it possible to increase the usability of renewable energy sources to virtually unlimited mieu. (Each unit directs the altitude wind to the lower layer, eliminating its own resistance for the rest of the field - a field of 1 km ² gives a nominal 10 MW).

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Claims (9)

Patent claims 1. A universal wind energy system for utilizing wind power using a horizontal and double-blade rotor with horizontal axis and wing-type baffle and collector systems, characterized in that the rotor (3) of the predominantly horizontal axis system is located between the front suspension system (1) and the rear assembly (4), or at least in front of the rear assembly (4), or at least behind the front assembly (1), whose vertical buoyancy has a center of gravity beyond the mast mounting point (5) in the turret (6a) formed by a rod (12) connected to the buoyancy limiter, the upper part of the mast (5) having an angle of at least in its tensile stiffening portion with a tilt in the direction of the wind flow, being rotatable in a vertical axis supported on the base column (10) turret (6A). The universal wind power system according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises on both sides of the suspension wings side slats (2) with an angle of attack for lift from the center outwards, the lateral wings (2) being suspended on the outer ropes of the suspension wings. The universal wind energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that the top of the mast (5) is supported on a base column (10) rotatable with a horizontal axis perpendicular to the air flow direction with a counterweight (7) located opposite the rotor center of gravity (3). , with a locking rod (8A) that connects the counterweight arm (7) to the turret (6A) and a stop (9A) that pushes between the counterweight arm (7) and the turret (6A). The universal wind energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that the pillar (11) with reinforcement ropes for the wings of the wing assembly (1) and the wing assembly (4) can be a rigid support material or have the shape and function of an aerostat or other buoyant body. on the aerodynamic principle. The universal wind power system according to claim 1, characterized in that two or more units of the universal wind system are mounted on one vertical pivot axis of the turret (6A) of the base column (10), interconnected at their side edges. The universal wind energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that the base column (10) is anchoring system and the aquatic environment, the safety rod (8A) is a buoy with a spacer (8B), the buoy (9A) is a buoy ( 9B), in the function of the post (6A) is a buoy (6B) that can be divided alongside the top of the mast (5) or part of its structure. The universal wind energy system according to items 1 and 6, characterized in that part of the functions of the buoys (6B), (8B), (9B) are vertical cylinders without bottom - bells as compressors for utilizing the wine backflow to operate the water piston. rv 732-Zec c t-r r 8. A general-purpose wind power system according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that in the function of the buoy (6B) there is a supporting sailboat, the anchoring system is replaced by the fin of the supporting sailboat, the product being an accumulated form of energy. 9. The general-purpose wind power system according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that the anchorage system is a large-area net fixed only by the basic margins, the units of the system being fixed in each of its nodes (13).