SK7050Y1 - A process of prepare a metal mould and correspondent form - Google Patents
A process of prepare a metal mould and correspondent form Download PDFInfo
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- SK7050Y1 SK7050Y1 SK50011-2014U SK500112014U SK7050Y1 SK 7050 Y1 SK7050 Y1 SK 7050Y1 SK 500112014 U SK500112014 U SK 500112014U SK 7050 Y1 SK7050 Y1 SK 7050Y1
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- liquid metal
- mold
- casting
- sand
- castings
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Abstract
Description
Technické riešenie sa týka spôsobu výroby kovových odliatkov a formy na výrobu týchto odliatkov liatím do piesku.The invention relates to a method for the production of metal castings and to a mold for the production of these castings by sand casting.
Doterajší stav technikyBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Známe formy na výrobu kovových odliatkov liatím do piesku sa vyrábajú tak, že model, ktorého povrch je tvarom výsledného odliatku, sa umiestni do piesku. Po vybratí modelu sa v piesku vytvorí dutina požadovaného tvaru, na ktorú sa napojí vtoková sústava, ktorá slúži na naplnenie dutiny taveninou a odvod plynov. Po stuhnutí taveniny sa piesková forma rozbije a z dutiny formy sa vyberie odliatok. Pieskovú formu možno vyrábať zhutňovaním ručne alebo strojovo. Najlacnejšie modely kopírujúce vonkajší tvar odliatku bývajú vyrobené z dreva a používajú sa najmä pri ručnom formovaní pre menšie odliatky, pre kusovú alebo malosériovú výrobu.Known molds for casting sand castings are made by placing a pattern whose surface is in the shape of the resultant casting in the sand. After selecting the model, a sand cavity of the desired shape is created in the sand, to which the inlet system is connected, which serves for filling the cavity with melt and exhausting the gases. After the melt solidifies, the sand mold is broken and a cast is removed from the mold cavity. The sand mold can be produced by compaction manually or by machine. The cheapest models that follow the outer shape of the casting are made of wood and are mainly used in manual molding for smaller castings, for single-piece or small-batch production.
Výroba odliatkov klasickými technológiami, t. j. gravitačným odlievaním do pieskových foriem je z dôvodu použitia lacných surovín zaujímavá z technologického aj z ekonomického hľadiska. Jej nedostatkami je malá rozmerová presnosť a drsný povrch odliatkov. Základným zdrojom uvedených nedostatkov sú spôsoby, akými sa formy vyrábajú. Pri klasickom spôsobe formovania sa formovacia zmes zhutňuje na model, ktorý sa potom musí od formy oddeliť. Vyberanie modelu z formy je prvým zdrojom nepresnosti odliatku. Forma sa následne skladá z dvoch častí, čo je v podstate druhým zdrojom nepresnosti.Production of castings by classical technologies, i. j. gravity casting into sand molds is interesting from the technological and economical point of view because of the use of cheap raw materials. Its drawbacks are low dimensional accuracy and rough surface of castings. The basic sources of these drawbacks are the ways in which molds are produced. In the conventional molding process, the molding composition is compacted into a model which must then be separated from the mold. Removing the mold from the mold is the first source of casting inaccuracy. The mold then consists of two parts, which is essentially the second source of inaccuracy.
Podstata technického riešeniaThe essence of the technical solution
Uvedené nedostatky do značnej miery odstraňuje spôsob výroby odliatkov liatím tekutého kovu do pieskovej formy, ktorého podstata spočíva v tom, že tekutý kov sa leje priamo na model odliatku vytvorený z ľahčeného polystyrénu, pričom sa kontaktom tekutého kovu tento spáli a vytvorí dutinu, ktorá sa celá vyplní tekutým kovom.The above-mentioned drawbacks are largely eliminated by the process of casting the liquid metal into a sand mold, which consists in pouring the liquid metal directly onto a casting model made of expanded polystyrene, which burns by contacting the liquid metal and forms a cavity which filled with liquid metal.
Podstata technického riešenia formy na výrobu kovových odliatkov spôsobom podľa tohto technického riešenia spočíva v tom, že forma je tvorená modelom odliatku požadovaného tvaru a vtokovou sústavou vyrobenými z ľahčeného polystyrénu, ktoré sú umiestnené v zhutnenom piesku.The essence of the technical solution of the mold for the production of metal castings by the method according to this technical solution consists in that the mold is formed by a casting model of the required shape and an inlet system made of expanded polystyrene, which are placed in compacted sand.
Výhody spôsobu výroby kovových odliatkov a formy na ich výrobu podľa tohto technického riešenia sú v znížení nákladov na výrobu modelového zariadenia, liatí tvarovo zložitých dielov bez potreby vyberania modelu, dosiahnutí vyššej presnosti, odstránení potreby používania jadrovníkov, úkosov, úprav deliacej roviny, vonkajších jadier, komplikovaného skladania foriem, zhotovovaní modelov bez deliacej roviny a opätovnom použití formovacích zmesí.The advantages of the metal casting method and molds for manufacturing according to the present invention are in reducing the cost of modeling, casting complicated parts without the need for model selection, achieving greater accuracy, eliminating the need for cores, bevels, separating plane modifications, outer cores, complicated molding, making models without a separating plane, and reusing molding compounds.
Príklad uskutočneniaExample
Z ľahčeného polystyrénu vyrobený model odliatku požadovaného tvaru sa spolu s pripojenou vtokovou sústavou zasype formovacím pieskom, ktorý sa vhodným spôsobom zhutní. Takéto formovanie uľahčuje výrobu unikátnych odliatkov, keď potrebujeme iba jeden kus. Výrazne sa tým znížia náklady na výrobu a skladovanie drevených modelov.The casting model of the required shape is made of expanded polystyrene together with the connected inlet system covered with molding sand, which is compacted in a suitable way. Such molding facilitates the production of unique castings when only one piece is needed. This significantly reduces the production and storage costs of wooden models.
Na rozdiel od doterajších spôsobov výroby však model odliatku zostáva vo forme až do odlievania. Tekutý kov sa leje priamo na model odliatku, ktorý sa pri styku s tekutým kovom spáli, čím sa vytvorí dutina, ktorú postupne celú vyplní tekutý kov. Po odliatí, stuhnutí a vychladení odlievanej zliatiny sa piesková forma rozbije a odliatok sa zbaví prilepeného formovacieho piesku.In contrast to the prior art processes, however, the casting model remains in the mold until casting. The liquid metal is poured directly onto the casting model, which is burnt on contact with the liquid metal, creating a cavity which gradually fills the liquid metal all over. After casting, solidification and cooling of the cast alloy, the sand mold is broken and the casting is freed from the molding sand which is stuck.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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SK50011-2014U SK7050Y1 (en) | 2014-02-15 | 2014-02-15 | A process of prepare a metal mould and correspondent form |
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SK50011-2014U SK7050Y1 (en) | 2014-02-15 | 2014-02-15 | A process of prepare a metal mould and correspondent form |
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SK500112014U1 SK500112014U1 (en) | 2014-10-03 |
SK7050Y1 true SK7050Y1 (en) | 2015-03-03 |
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SK50011-2014U SK7050Y1 (en) | 2014-02-15 | 2014-02-15 | A process of prepare a metal mould and correspondent form |
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