SK6077Y1 - Building layer heat insulating system with air gap - Google Patents

Abstract

Construction group of strata of insulation system with an air gap including building construction, such as masonry (1) and insulation (3), between which is the air gap (2) in which are placed anchoring elements (5), whereby in the air gap (2) is located distribution (6) at least one gaseous or liquid media.

Description

The technical solution relates to the building layer of the thermal insulation system with an air gap, in particular to the contactless building systems with thermal insulation and waterproofing effect in the exterior or interior. This system includes a building structure, e.g. masonry and insulation, or various types of insulation. An air gap is arranged between the building structure and the insulation, or between different types of insulation, in which the anchoring elements are located. The air gap in contact with the insulated structure forms an additional insulating layer.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In CZ patent 293 630 and corresponding CZ UV 111 63 an insulation system for building constructions is described. An open and / or closed air gap or air channel is formed between the building structure or the middle shell and the insulating layer which is in contact with the outer layer. This insulation system utilizes both a thermal insulation and a waterproofing effect, based on the use of the natural physical functions of building materials. It is designed for contactless thermal insulation systems in exterior and interior. The air gap is of major importance, creating an additional insulating layer and preventing moisture, cold and heat transmission in both directions. This gap is deliberately created for these functions and has proven to work in practice.

WO 2009016163 A1 discloses a low energy air conditioning control system and method for performing in a building with high sound and thermal insulation. In the building air-conditioning system, several renewable energy sources (photovoltaic and / or wind, geothermal, etc.) are used to obtain a constant-temperature fluid flow circulating into tubes located in continuous gaps or holes on perimeter walls and floors. The desired variable air flow is designed to circulate in these gaps or holes to be heated or cooled by tubes. When the air flow reaches the desired temperature, its circulation is stopped to obtain a heat insulating air layer, in thermal equilibrium with the thermally air-conditioned spaces. In civil, commercial, industrial as well as prefabricated buildings equipped with increased thermal and acoustic insulation, a simple method was used to create a system of hollow spaces or holes predominantly by laying a series of boards, that is, thin metal plates placed between the exterior and interior surfaces of buildings. Particularly suitable hooks associated with the pin and pin construction support the horizontal rods vertically in an array around which a thin metal plate lies, preferably as a broken ring.

The disadvantage of this solution is that the external surface of the building is not formed with a thermo-insulating layer, which significantly influences the function of the system due to climate change, against which media distribution systems are not protected.

WO 9857101 A1 discloses a solar collector element for buildings integrally integrated into facades, walls, sloping roofs as free-standing units, etc. The solar absorber plate has substantially the same thermal expansion coefficient as the glass plate, including high thermal conductivity and high thermal radiation absorption. The absorbent plate and the glass plate are welded and connected to each other by a peripheral flange e.g. the spacers so that the absorbent plate, the glass plate and the skirt are welded, forming a closed building unit. The unit is adapted to be mounted at a distance from the insulated wall. The space between the insulation and the absorption plate is part of the heating and ventilation air distribution system.

The solution concerns the function of a solar collector, where the medium is air, which is transported for recovery into the building structure. It is not an insulating insulation system.

FR 2 561 286 A1 discloses prefabricated layers for building construction. The prefabricated plate has ribs that are evenly spaced on the underside and form beams integrated into the mass of the plate. The reinforcing elements are inserted into these beams and act at the same time to support the transversely welded layer during casting of the board, and are connected to this layer. Inside the cavity between the ribs there are situated recesses intended to fasten the clamps to the support of the heating pipe, water distribution or waste water collection and / or to hold the electric heating cables and electric covers. The rib tops are provided with shaped elements that are welded in the mass and firmly attached to the bottom of the reinforcing members. These elements are placed as a five on the cube and act as a support for the reinforcement during casting of the board, and are intended to hold the board insulation layer by means of screws or the like. devices.

It is not a building thermal insulation system with an air gap between the building structure and insulation, but a technical solution for the installation of distribution systems.

WO 0231415 A1 discloses a solar thermal roof. The roof or face of the wall comprises a series of plastered panels, located separately to form a plurality of transverse layers, each containing a space. The roof has an outer layer of tiles, etc., which transmit solar radiation, and an inner layer of metal or other strips absorbing solar radiation. The tube protrudes from each space and is thermally connected to the

SK 6077 Υ1 by each absorption strip. The tube creates a circulating distribution for the solar heating system. The sunlight falling on the roof passes through the transparent tile and is absorbed by the strips, whereby the heat transfer fluid is heated for the heating system. The air retained in each compartment provides an insulating jacket. The strips are designed to provide ventilation and ventilation for moisture.

These are solar systems with heating of liquid medium, which distributes heat to air spaces, cavities, and thus creates an insulating layer, which, however, is not functional without direct sunlight.

BG 64536 B5 discloses an energetically active peripheral wall of three-layer panels and a solar system for heating buildings using this wall. It is characterized by high energy effect. Solar collectors are mounted on both sides of the joints between the panels. The outer vertical tubes are inserted into an outer air duct having transparent walls formed in the outer half-closed longitudinal regions. A first row of inner vertical tubes and a second row of inner vertical tubes are formed on the side of the contemplated both sides of the joints between the panels of the inner half-closed longitudinal regions. All tubes are arranged in an inner air duct with transparent walls, the remaining inner air ducts being filled with storage material, thus forming an accumulator, flush on both sides of the joints between the panels. The solar heating system is built using external vertical tubes. They are connected to the tubes by means of horizontal pipe connections and terminating flanges in one circulation circuit. The second row of tubes is connected to the tubes of the radiation heating system by horizontal piping connections and terminating flanges, independent of the first circulation circuit.

The disadvantage is that the function is dependent on the solar system. The facade must be translucent, which makes use limited. The system does not have permanent thermal insulation capability. It is practically irreparable in case of mechanical damage.

The essence of the technical solution

The object of the present invention is another use of the building layer of the thermal insulation system, with an air gap, comprising a building structure, for example masonry, and insulation, between which there is an air gap in which the anchoring elements are located. The essence of this technical solution is that in the air gap there is a distribution of at least one gaseous or liquid medium.

The main advantage of this technical solution is the new and surprising use of the air gap in the building system. The air gap must be dimensioned to allow the distribution of the media, for example, by piping.

The gaseous medium may be cold or hot air, a gas mixture or water vapor. The liquid medium may be hot or cold water or a gas mixture with the dispersed active ingredient.

The air gap can be closed or open along its periphery, possibly with respect to the environment. When closed, the air gap may be tempered and the masonry accumulation may be used with the external source being blown. When the air gap is open, it allows venting and evacuation of the feed medium, for example for extinguishing or disinfecting. When the air gap is regulated, it allows the transition between open and closed gap modes.

The media distribution can be open or closed. When the media distribution is open, the media being supplied flows out of the distribution and wets the air gap walls. When the media distribution is closed, the media circulates in the distribution and returns to the medium source for heating or cooling, with connection to a solar energy source or pump.

Also new according to this technical solution is the use of an air gap in the building stack of the thermal insulation system as a means for distribution of gaseous or liquid medium for extinguishing, disinfection, heating, ventilation, cooling and suction.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The technical solution is described in detail in the exemplary embodiments schematically shown in the drawings, of which FIG. 1 shows a vertical section through a building stratum, FIG. 2 is a top view of section A-A of FIG. First

EXAMPLES

In FIG. 1 and 2, there is shown a building stack comprising masonry 1, an air gap 2 behind the insulation 3, on which a reinforcing plaster 4 is attached by means of an anchoring element, for example an expanded spacer 5. In the air gap 2, below the insulation 3 and between spacers 5 , a fire extinguishing or cooling or heating distribution 6, for example a pipe, is provided for guiding the necessary medium, i. j. cooling extinguishing water, hot or cold air, hot or cold water, steam or other medium, a gaseous or liquid mixture with the active ingredients, for example a disinfectant or cleaning solution, antifreeze for connection to a solar system and the like. Distribution 6 is connected to a solar system or heat pumps. In an exemplary embodiment, the manifold 6 terminates from a pressure or pumping device 7 located above the skirting board 8, and the medium flows from the device 7 via a line 6 in the direction 9 upwards. It can also flow in the opposite direction.

The medium is discharged from the line 6 by gravity, i. j. the pipe 6 is emptied in the opposite direction. From the line 6, the medium flows from nozzles (not shown) the size of which corresponds to the need to maintain a uniform flow and flow of the medium.

This treatment ensures the distribution of liquid and gaseous media and thus multiplies the function of the air gap 2 in non-contact thermal insulation systems. The air gap 2 must be dimensioned to allow distribution 6 of the medium. The effect of the media is directed to the reverse side of the insulation 3.

If necessary, it is possible to extract the medium from the air gap 2, for example for suction of the heat pump.

In high-rise constructions, an expansion joint is created between the various types of insulation 3 and the resulting air gap 2 can be used in a similar way.

When the air gap 2 is closed around its perimeter, the air gap 2 is tempered and the accumulation of masonry X is used with reheating by an external source. When the air gap 2 is open, it allows it to vent and discharge the feed medium for extinguishing or disinfecting. The regulated air gap 2 allows the transition between the open and closed gap modes 2, for example by means of flaps or a gate.

The basic manifold 6 may be a horizontal piping with vertical manifolds.

The manifold 6 can be forced or gravity gravity.

In the open media distribution 6, the medium supplied from it flows out and wets the walls of the air gap 2, which is suitable for extinguishing or disinfecting. In the closed manifold 6, the medium circulates in manifold 2 and returns to the medium source, which is suitable for heating or cooling, by connecting it to a solar energy source or pump.

The air gaps 2 in the building stack of the thermal insulation system can be used as a means of distributing a gaseous or liquid medium for extinguishing, disinfecting, heating, ventilation, cooling and suction.

The use of air gap 2 does not reduce the quality of the insulation and the cohesion of the insulation layer.

Industrial usability

The solution is suitable for use in building thermal insulation systems.

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS

Claims (4)

1. An air gap insulation system building layer, in particular a non-contact exterior or interior thermal insulation and waterproofing building system comprising a building structure such as masonry (1) and insulation (3), or various types of insulation and between building structure and insulation (3). ) or between the different insulations there is an air gap (2) in which the anchoring elements (5) are located, the air gap (2) forming an additional insulating layer, characterized in that between the building structure and the insulation (3) or between By means of individual insulations (3) of the thermal insulation and waterproofing insulation system building layer, an air gap (2) is deliberately formed, closed or open along its perimeter, or regulated with respect to the environment and at least an air gap (2) is located in the air gap (2). of one gaseous or liquid medium, continuously j or a liquid mixture with active substances, such as a disinfectant or cleaning solution, or an antifreeze mixture, the distribution (6) of the gaseous or liquid medium in the air gap (2) being a means for activities such as extinguishing, disinfecting, heating, ventilation, cooling and suction. Construction layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the air gap (2) is regulated by means of flaps or by a damper (regulator). 3. A building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that in the air gap (2) formed as a vertical air gap (2) with a distribution (6) of a gaseous or liquid medium, a gaseous or liquid mixture with active substances, gravity. Construction layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the media distribution (6) is open or closed.