SK57392A3 - Safety equipment with concave membrane - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for quick releasing of a lightening hole in a case of rapid increase of pressure, e. g. at an explosion, in pressure tanks, pressure shock resistant tanks, constructions and pipelines. The device is created by a concave membrane (2) which bears against a sealing surface (3) of a membrane's supporting frame (1). The membrane (2) is coupled with beam (4) fixed in a section under the membrane through safety element (7).

Description

FIELD OF INVENTION .......

The invention relates to pressure vessel safety devices, pressure-resistant vessels, structures and piping in their full range of use.

The safety devices serve to release the pressure rapidly, thereby relieving (weakening) the pressure effects on the protected device in the case of a rapid pressure increase, e.g. in an explosion. This prevents exceeding the permissible limit parameters.

..... ....... prior state of the art

Three basic types of safety diaphragm devices are known:

- rupture: formed by a flat disc with possible underpressure reinforcement. The membrane is fixed between the flange joints. The disadvantage is that due to low safety pressures, a thin foil, e.g. 0.05 mm, which is easily damaged in normal conditions, low resistance to pressure pulsations inside the protected device, unusable in abrasive and corrosive environment.

- cracking: when the pressure is exceeded, the defined safety element (eg strips of material with defined parameters and dimensions) breaks and thus releases pressure from the protected area. Structurally it is always a conventional concave (or inverted or flat) multi-piece membrane with a flat seat in a flange joint. The disadvantage is that at low pressures there is an imperfect release. Dynamic release characteristics are greater release capacity for breakable membrane coating, material and manufacturing demands. - Fragmentation: if the diaphragm is made steeper and the same safety pressure is required in comparison. The disadvantage is the high weight, the pressure will result from fragile fragmentation of the material and thus the protected device. Structurally, the pressure relief is a flat disc or a single-block diaphragm with clamping in a flange joint or sleeve. The splitting device cannot be used at low safety pressures. The disadvantages are thin and brittle low-pressure material, which is easily damaged under normal operating conditions, low resistance to pressure pulsations inside the protected device, low resistance to the underpressure which is inside the device and is often greater than the necessary overpressure. It cannot be used in an abrasive environment. The underpressure reinforcement reduces the release capacity. When released, the fragments of particles, endangering the environment, fly away.

The essence ....... of the invention

All these drawbacks are overcome by the concave concave membrane device according to the invention. Its essence is that it consists of a diaphragm support frame provided with a sealing surface against which the concave membrane rests.

The diaphragm is attached to the diaphragm support frame by anchoring device. The diaphragm is pressed against the sealing surface by a screw through the locking member, which is fastened to a beam in the cross section below the diaphragm. The safety element is attached to the beam, for example. threaded or pin-like to allow its adjustment in an axis perpendicular to the diaphragm surface.

The device reacts when the pressure inside the pressure vessel or pipe exceeds the allowable limit. The explosive pressure acting on the diaphragm surface will exert a force which causes the securing member to break and immediately release the leakage opening. It is secured against an ejection of the membrane into the outer space by an anchoring device composed of unevenly long elements, e.g. steel strips, ropes, etc., which are intended to remove the kinetic energy of the membrane.

The concave membrane device according to the invention removes all the drawbacks of the prior art. It improves existing systems, especially in the setting of static safety pressure with minimal dispersion and allows a wide choice of static pressures in one construction and diaphragm size. It has high resistance to pressure pulses and vacuum, high release rate of the entire leak hole cross-section, easy and quick assembly, high durability, resistance to abrasion, corrosion and atmospheric influences, low weight, low material costs. With minimal modification of current types of membrane explosion protectors, this device can be used everywhere.

Overview ....... pictures ....... on ....... in acres

Two exemplary embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, differing in the shape of the diaphragm support frame and the shape of the diaphragm.

Figures 1-5 represent an overall view of the arrangement of the assembled safety device. Figure 6 shows the basic variations of the retaining elements and Figure 7 shows examples of membrane designs.

Examples ....... embodiments ....... of the invention

The device according to FIGS. 1-5 consists of a supporting frame of the membrane 1, provided with a sealing surface 3. with the seal 1.1 on which the diaphragm 2 rests. For the seal 11, the diaphragm is screwed by a screw 6 screwed into the securing member 7, which is fastened to the beam 4, cross-sectioned under the diaphragm 2 and secured by the nut 8.

In order to prevent deformation of the diaphragm 2, a washer 5 is provided under the screw 6. The diaphragm 2 is further provided with an anchoring device 9, which is fastened by a screw 10 to the supporting frame of the diaphragm 1.

Claims (2)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. A concave diaphragm safety device, characterized in that it comprises a diaphragm support frame (1) provided with a sealing surface (3) on which a concave diaphragm (2) engages and is connected to a beam (4) engageable with it. in cross-section below the diaphragm (2), retaining member (7) and equipped with anchoring device (9) attached to the diaphragm support frame (1). Safety device according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchoring device (9) is formed by a bundle of elements of different lengths.