CZ5011U1 - Safety device with convex membrane - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for quick releasing of a lightening hole in a case of rapid increase of pressure, e. g. at an explosion, in pressure tanks, pressure shock resistant tanks, constructions and pipelines. The device is created by a concave membrane (2) which bears against a sealing surface (3) of a membrane's supporting frame (1). The membrane (2) is coupled with beam (4) fixed in a section under the membrane through safety element (7).

Description

The technical solution relates to safety devices for pressure vessels, pressure-resistant vessels, construction and piping in the whole range of their use.

The safety device is used to release the pressure quickly, thereby relieving the pressure effects on the protected device in the event of a rapid pressure increase, eg in an explosion. This prevents exceeding the permissible limit parameters.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Three basic types of diaphragm safety devices are known:

- rupture - formed by a flat disk with possible reinforcement against negative pressure. The diaphragm is fixed between the flange joints. The disadvantage is that a thin foil, e.g. 0.05 mm, is required for low safety pressures, which is easily vulnerable under normal conditions. Low resistance to pressure pulsations inside protected equipment. Not applicable in abrasive and corrosive environments.

- cracking - when the pressure is exceeded, the defined safety element breaks / eg. a strip of material with defined parameters and dimensions /, thereby relieving pressure from the protected space. The construction of a conventionally convex flat-seat diaphragm, multi-part (or vice versa, convex or flat) in a flange joint. The disadvantage is that at low pressures, an incomplete release occurs. Dynamic release capacity for the same safety pressure compared to a bursting membrane. High weight, material and manufacturing demands.

- shattering - when the pressure is exceeded, the membrane, which is made of brittle material, is shattered and the pressure is released from the protected device. Construction, flat disc or single block with clamping in flange connection or bushing. The shattering device cannot be used for low safety pressures. Thin and brittle material for low pressures, which is easily vulnerable under normal operating conditions. Low resistance to pressure pulsations inside protected equipment. Low resistance to underpressure, which is inside the device and is often higher than necessary overpressure. Not applicable in abrasive environments. The underpressure reinforcement reduces the release capacity. The release of fragmented particles endangering the environment.

The essence of the technical solution

All these deficiencies are eliminated by the convex diaphragm safety device according to the technical solution. Its essence consists in that it consists of a supporting frame of the membrane provided with a sealing surface against which the convex membrane rests.

The membrane is anchored to the membrane supporting frame. The diaphragm is pressed to the sealing surface by a bolt through a locking member which is mounted on a beam fixed in cross-section below the diaphragm. The securing member is attached to the beam, for example, through a thread or a pin so as to allow its adjustment in an axis perpendicular to the diaphragm surface.

The device reacts when the pressure inside the pressure vessel or pipe exceeds the allowable limit. The explosive pressure acting on the diaphragm surface generates a force which causes the safety member to break and immediately release the leakage opening. Against the membrane ejection into the outer space is secured by anchoring device composed of unequal long elements, such as steel strips, ropes, etc., which are intended to remove the kinetic energy of the membrane.

The convex diaphragm safety device according to the invention solves all the drawbacks of the prior art. It improves the existing systems, especially in the setting of static safety pressure with minimal dispersion and allows a wide choice of static pressures in one construction and diaphragm size. It has high resistance to pressure pulses and vacuum, high release rate of the entire leak hole cross-section, easy and quick assembly, high durability, resistance to abrasion, corrosion and atmospheric influences, low weight, low material costs. With minimal modification of existing types of membrane explosion protection, this device can be used everywhere.

Overview of the drawings

The accompanying drawings show two exemplary embodiments differing in the shape of the diaphragm support frame and the shape of the diaphragm.

Figures 1-5 represent an overall view of the arrangement of the assembled safety device. Figure 6 shows the basic variants of the retaining elements, and Figure 7 shows examples of membrane designs. Examples of technical solution

The device according to Figs. 1-5 consists of a supporting frame of the membrane 1, provided with a sealing surface 2 with a gasket 11 on which the diaphragm 2 rests. The gasket 11 is pressed by the screw 6 in cross section under membrane 2 and secured with nut 8.

To prevent deformation of the diaphragm 2, a washer 5 is provided under the screw 6. The diaphragm 2 is further provided with an anchoring device 9 which is fastened by the screw 10 to the supporting frame of the diaphragm 1.

Claims (2)

1. A convex diaphragm safety device, characterized in that it comprises a diaphragm support frame (1) provided with a sealing surface (3) on which a convex diaphragm (2) abuts and which is connected to a beam (4) fixed in cross section below the diaphragm. (2) a locking member (7) and provided with an anchoring device (9) attached to the supporting frame of the membrane (1). -2GB 5011 U1 Safety device according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchoring device (9) is formed of lengths.