SK500602015A3 - Welding equipment and method of welding - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a welding apparatus and a method for welding strips of metal or plastic, in particular endless belts. The strip welding machine (1) comprises a belt guiding system, a tensioning system, a drive system and a welding system (2). The tensioning system is designed so that the belts (1) are under mechanical tension at least during the welding process in the welding zone. The method of welding the strips (1) by said welding device comprises the steps of guiding at least two strips (1) in the welding direction, tensioning strips in the welding area, longitudinally welding at least two strips (1) along a longitudinal axis, preferably at mutually facing edges, while being energized , and moving the belt (1) stepwise or continuously relative to the welding system (2), while the process of welding the tension belt (1) stepwise or continuously.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a welding device and a method for welding metal and plastic belts, in particular endless belts.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the manufacture of metal or plastic strips, there may be a need for two metal or plastic strips to be welded together along their longitudinal axis. Until now, these strips have been stacked side-by-side in the machine, aligned with each other and welded with the welding unit.

A disadvantage of the prior art is that the alignment and welding process is strenuous and that stresses leading to fatigue of the material can later be created in the welded strips.

The object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a welding device and a welding method by means of which the user can optimally weld two strips together.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This object is achieved by a welding device and a welding method according to the claims.

The relative position data used hereinafter is to be understood as measured in the direction of movement of the strip moving in the welding device. For example, when roller 1 is positioned in front of roller 2, this means that the area of the strip passing through the welding device still passes first roller 1 and then roller 2.

The welding device according to the invention for strip welding comprises a belt guiding system, a tensioning system, a drive system and a welding system, wherein the tensioning

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HĎRMANNOVÄ. TONIEŠ wmv.bhtpatent.sk

The 517 / H system is designed such that the bands are energized during the welding process in the welding region.

The method of welding strips according to the invention using the device according to the invention comprises the steps of:

- guiding at least two belts in the welding direction,

- belt tensioning in the welding area,

- longitudinal welding of at least two strips along the longitudinal axis, preferably at mutually apparent edges, being under tension,

moving the strip in steps or continuously relative to the welding system, while the welding process of the tensioned strip continues in steps or continuously.

The strips may consist of all possible materials if the materials are weldable. Preferably, the belts comprise plastics and / or metals. In particular, the two belts are made of the same material (e.g., a metal alloy). Also, when the invention in the simplest case serves to join two strips, it may be advantageous for certain applications if three or more strips are joined simultaneously. It is to be understood that the invention relates to joining the strips along their longitudinal axis and preferably at their mutually apparent edges so that a wide strip is formed as the final product.

Suitable welding systems are known to the person skilled in the art and comprise at least one welding unit (welding head). Of course, they must be suitable for the longitudinal welding of used strips. Preferred welding systems include heating units, heating wires, heating rollers, lasers, arc welding equipment and shielding gas welding equipment (for example, shielding gas metal electrode welding, inert gas tungsten electrode (TIG) or plasma welding) welding).

According to a preferred embodiment, the welding system is mounted in the welding device such that the welding head is guided parallel to the longitudinal axis of the strips pp

51Z / H (optionally the abutting longitudinal edges) and the belts may be welded together and / or the belts may be guided under the welding head. Thus, the welding head and the strips may be mounted stationarily fixed or movable in the welding device, and at least the welding head or strips must be movable.

The guide system is designed to guide the belts through a welding device. The tensioning system and / or the drive system may here be part of the guide system or, conversely, the tensioning system or the drive system may be formed as a guide system or may comprise such a guide system. Preferably, the guide system comprises a retaining structure and guiding elements (e.g., rollers or rounded sliding elements) disposed within the retaining structure.

The drive system is configured to move the belts and / or the at least one welding unit of the welding system. Preferred drive systems include motors (e.g., electric motors or internal combustion engines) and drive rollers or axles actuated by these motors (or via transmission). The drive system may also comprise guiding elements and thus be part of the guiding system or may comprise part of the guiding system.

In a preferred embodiment, the rollers of the tensioning system are actuated and serve as a drive. Thus, the tensioning system may form or comprise part of the drive system.

In a further preferred embodiment, which can be combined with the foregoing, the at least one welding unit is movable parallel to the longitudinal axis of the strips, in particular during the welding process.

The tensioning system is necessary to bring the belts under mechanical stress in the welding zone at least during the welding process. Although this mechanical stress can be allowed when no welding process is performed, it is advantageous for the quality of the web connection if the tension is maintained for the entire period of time the webs are guided side by side.

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According to a preferred embodiment, the tensioning system comprises tensioning rollers through which the belts are guided, wherein at least one of the tensioning rollers is mounted in front of the welding region and one of the tensioning rollers is mounted behind the welding region. These tension rollers may form part of the guide system and / or the drive system.

When the rollers are rotating, the torque is essentially applied between their skirt surface and their axis. With non-driven rollers, this torque causes continuous braking due to frictional effects and is subsequently referred to as braking torque. In the case of driven rollers, the driving torque prevails over the braking torque, and the resulting torque is referred to as the driving torque.

In addition, there is still friction between the rollers and the conveyor belt running through them, which is a pure adhesion friction with the coefficient of friction R during normal running at which the roller surface moves at the same speed as the belt.

The force exerted by the torque of this tensioning roller is exerted on the belt by means of adhesive friction when it contacts the tensioning roller. The direction of the respective force vector is exactly the opposite at the driving torque in the direction of belt travel (driving force) and at the braking torque (braking force).

According to a preferred embodiment, the principal coefficient of adhesion friction between the tension roller and the belt is greater than 0.3, in particular greater than 0.5. This is achieved, in particular, in that the surface of the tension roller surface has a material or shape which prevents the belts from slipping. Preferred materials are plastics (e.g. rubber), leathers or rubbers. A preferred treatment is the roughening of the surface or the application of fine-grained granules which are adhered to the tension roller by means of an adhesive.

According to a preferred embodiment, the welding device is designed such that the normal (perpendicular) force exerted on the tensioning roller by the strip is greater than at least one 105%, in particular greater than 105%, in particular greater, force on the tensioning roller. 110%, preferably greater than 130%.

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This is preferably achieved in that the strips are pressed by tension rollers on tension rollers or are formed as endless strips and are tensioned between tension rollers. The tensioning between the two tensioning rollers takes place, for example, in that the tensioning rollers are spaced approximately half of the total length of the belt (of course, always subtracting half the diameters of the tensioning rollers) from each other and the belt is tensioned between them as a conveyor belt.

Advantageously, the tension of the at least one belt is achieved in that the resultant force vector from the force vector exerted by the tension roller behind the welding region on the belt after subtracting the force vector exerted by the tension roller before the welding region on the belt has a direction opposite to the belt. This means that the tensioning roller must be braked or driven more strongly in front of the welding zone than the tensioning roller behind the welding zone. In this way, the respective strip in the welding region is pulled towards the front roller and is thereby tensioned.

According to a preferred embodiment, the welding device comprises a measuring system for measuring the tension of at least two strips. Suitable measuring devices for this measuring system are known to the person skilled in the art, and preferably the measuring system is designed to take its data from the tension rollers. In particular, the measuring system comprises measuring instruments for measuring the intensity of the current or energy or force applied to the axis of the tensioning rollers. In this way, the belt tension can be determined by how large the roller pressing force of the rollers is or how strong the torques of both rollers are (measurement of the driving force by the current driving the electric motors or the current of the dynamo mounted on the rollers).

According to a preferred embodiment, the tension rollers upstream and / or downstream of the welding region are designed to contact only one of the strips and can rotate independently of the other rollers. In this way it is possible to control the tension of the individual belts by braking / driving or by additionally adjusting the position of the roller axes.

According to a preferred embodiment, the welding device is adapted to weld endless strips along their length. To this end, at least one of the strips, in particular pp

517 / H, but each of the strips joined by transverse weld into an infinite shape and the strips are then guided in the welding device and along their sides are longitudinally welded together.

According to a preferred embodiment, the strips are guided side by side in the guidance system in the endless state and are tensioned in the welding region by the tensioning system. For welding, the welding head is guided along the longitudinal axis (in particular along the abutting longitudinal edges) of the strips and strips together, and / or the endless strips are guided below the (particularly stationary) welding head.

The welding device is preferably designed such that a guiding system is provided for guiding the endless belts and in particular comprises at least two rollers which are mounted such that the belts are guided around the rollers at a predetermined tension.

In the simplest form, the two tension rollers are mounted at a predetermined distance with parallel axes arranged such that the belts circulate like a caterpillar belt around the tension rollers.

According to a preferred embodiment, the welding device comprises at least one support roller mounted in the welding area, in particular directly below the welding point, through which the strips to be welded are guided. During the welding process, in this way the strips are supported by the support roller at the welding point. This prevents the belts from sagging at the welding spot and ensures extremely precise guidance of the belts at the welding spot.

Advantageously, the support roller is mounted so as to cause the strips to cant, so that its skirt surface lies closer to the welding unit than the remaining strips guiding these strips (creating an elevation relative to adjacent strips).

According to a preferred embodiment, the welding device comprises rollers which are designed such that the two longitudinal edges of the strips to be welded together are brought together. This allows a welding process in which the two longitudinal edges of the strips to be welded are brought together and then welded together, pp.

517 / H, wherein the strips are preferably positioned so close together that they touch each other in the region of the welding spot. These rollers are in particular drive rollers and / or tension rollers.

According to a preferred embodiment, the welding device comprises rollers, in particular at least one drive roller and / or at least one tension roller, which are conical. This allows a welding process in which the longitudinal edges of the strips (especially endless strips) are driven together by these conically formed rollers.

Preferably, the rollers are designed such that, in the region of the rollers in which the strips are welded, the rollers have a smaller cross-sectional radius than outside this region.

In the case where the strips are guided through a single roller, the roller has the greatest radius, especially at its front sides, and the smallest in its center.

In the case where the strips are guided through separate rollers, at least one of these rollers has, on its front side facing away from the edge of the respective strip to be welded, the largest radius and on the other end facing the edge of the respective strip to be welded , the smallest radius.

The cross-sectional radius of the roller is preferably constant so that the roller has partial regions in the form of truncated cones. The inclination of the casing surfaces relative to the longitudinal axis of the roller is preferably less than 10 °, in particular less than 2 °, so that the rollers are only slightly conical.

In a preferred embodiment, the device also comprises (optionally additional) conical rollers, the shape or arrangement of which is exactly opposite to that described above. As a result, the strips may optionally be driven apart or the pressure roller may have this negative shape so that the tensions caused by the conical shape of the rollers are concentrated in the strips towards their center.

Overview of Figures and Drawings pp

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Examples of preferred embodiments of the device according to the invention are shown in the drawings. In the drawings Figure 1 shows schematically a simple preferred embodiment in perspective view, Figure 2 shows a schematically preferred embodiment in side view, Figure 3 shows a schematic further preferred embodiment in side view, Figure 4 shows schematically another preferred embodiment in perspective view, Figure 5 shows schematically another preferred embodiment seen from the side, and Figure 6 shows a schematically preferred embodiment with conical rollers.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Figure 1 shows schematically a simple preferred embodiment in a perspective view. The two strips 1, which here are formed as endless strips, are welded together by the welding system 2 along the adjacent outer edges. Here, the strips are guided, tensioned by means of tension rollers 3 and are further moved by means of active rotation of the rollers. Thus, the tension rollers 3 serve here as guide elements, tension elements and drive elements.

Figures 2 and 3 schematically show a preferred embodiment of Figure 1 in side view. While the strips 1 are welded to each other by means of the welding system 2, they are tensioned at least in the welding region by means of tension rollers 3. The arrow above the strip 1 determines the possible direction of movement of the strips L In a continuous welding process, the strips can be continuously moved, whereas in a sequential welding process it is expedient to move with pauses. Is a

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However, the 517 / H can also be moved along the strip during the welding process.

The tensioning is achieved in Figure 2 by the force that drives the tensioning rollers 3 apart (arrows on the rollers). The respective arrows do not indicate any movement, but the relative force by which the two tension rollers 3 are pushed apart and the strips 7 thus tension. In such an embodiment, the belts 1 are tensioned both upwards in the welding region and downwards.

In FIG. 3, tensioning is achieved by different torque of the tension rollers 3. The circular arrows are here to show that the torques of the two tension rollers and thus the forces with which the casing surfaces of the tension rollers 3 act on the belts 1 are different. For example, the differences in forces can be achieved in that the tension roller 3 is more strongly driven than the second tension roller 3 or that the front of the tension roller 3 (left) is even braked. Here, the strips would be tensioned in the welding area (top), but there would be no tension in the lower area.

Figure 4 shows schematically another preferred embodiment in perspective view. Here, as in Figure 1, two belts 1, which are also formed as endless belts, are welded together by means of a welding system 2 along adjacent outer edges. The strips are guided by the tension rollers 3. A further method of tensioning is to guide the support roll 5 in the welding region. In this way, more precise guidance of the strips 1 in the welding region can be achieved.

Figure 5 shows schematically another preferred embodiment in side view. In this embodiment, the belts 7 do not necessarily have to be in an infinite form. The tension rollers, which can simultaneously serve to drive, move as in Figure 3 with different torques. The additional pressure rollers 4 prevent the belts 1 from slipping by increasing the adhesion friction between the belts and the tension rollers 3 by increasing the normal force on the belts and the tension roller. Here again, the strips are again welded together by means of a welding system 2.

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Figure 6 shows a preferred embodiment with conical rollers. The figure here shows a section which shows the strips I on the conical tension rollers 3 in a front view. The axis of rotation of the tension rollers 3 lies parallel to the plane of the drawing. Both arrows show the tendency of the belts 1 to approach each other towards the center. This itself results from the shape of the tension rollers 3.

If these conical tension rollers 3 are used in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 or 4, they can easily take the place of the tension rollers 3 shown here.

The examples illustrate possible embodiments of the invention, and it has been shown here that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments shown, but that different combinations of embodiments are possible with each other and this possibility of variations results from the knowledge for technical negotiations based on of the present invention within the capabilities of a person skilled in the art.

Furthermore, the individual features or combinations of features in the various embodiments illustrated and described herein may constitute separate inventions or inventive solutions.

The role of separate inventive solutions may be inferred from this description.

All data on the value ranges in the description should be understood to also include any and all sub-ranges thereof.

In particular, the individual embodiments shown in the drawings may form the subject of separate inventive solutions. Corresponding objects and solutions according to the invention can be deduced from the detailed descriptions of these figures.

For the sake of convenience, it should be noted that for better understanding of the arrangement of some of the components of the figures, these components may have been shown partially off-scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced.

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T? 50060 - W15

Ing. Zuzana Hormannová 12 patent attorney

841 02 Bratislava, Repasskeho 20

Claims (12)

A belt welding device comprising a belt guide system, a tensioning system, a drive system and a welding system, wherein the tensioning system is designed such that the straps are brought under mechanical stress in the welding area at least during the welding process. Welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the welding system comprises at least one welding unit, in particular a TIG welding unit, and is arranged in the welding device such that the at least one welding unit is guided parallel to the longitudinal axis of the strips and welding together and / or the belts may be guided under said at least one welding unit. Welding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tensioning system comprises tensioning rollers through which the strips are guided, wherein at least one of the tensioning rollers is mounted in front of the welding zone and at least one of the tensioning rollers is located behind the welding zone. these tension rollers in particular being part of the guide system and / or the drive system. Welding device according to claim 3, characterized in that the coefficient of adhesion friction between the at least one tensioning roller and the at least one strip is greater than 0.3, wherein the surface of the tensioning surface of the tensioning rollers comprises a material or has a shape plastics, leather or rubbers or roughening of the surface or deposits of fine-grained granules which are glued to the tensioning roller by means of an adhesive. Welding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the welding device is designed such that the normal force exerted by the belt on the tensioning roller is at least at one point of the lateral surface of the tensioning roller greater than the tensile force exerted on the belt. PP HĎRMANNOVÄ.TOMEŠ www.bhtpatent.sk 35 517 / H rollers, wherein the strips are in particular pushed onto the tension rollers via pressure rollers and / or are formed as endless strips tensioned between the tension rollers. Welding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the welding device comprises a measuring system for measuring the tension of at least two strips, which measuring system is preferably designed to take its data from the tensioning rollers. Welding device according to one of Claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the tension rollers upstream and / or downstream of the welding zone are designed to contact only one of the strips and can rotate independently of the other rollers. Welding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the welding device is designed in such a way that its guide system is designed for guiding endless belts and in particular comprises at least two rollers which are mounted such that the belts are guided around the rollers below. a predetermined voltage. Welding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the welding device comprises at least one support roller mounted in the welding area, in particular directly below the welding point, through which the strips to be welded are guided. Welding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the welding device comprises rollers which are designed such that the two longitudinal edges of the strips to be welded are held together, the rollers being in particular conical, in particular at least one drive roller and / or at least one conical tension roller. Method of welding strips with a welding device according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps of: - guiding at least two belts in the welding direction, PP 35,517 / H - belt tensioning in the welding area, - longitudinal welding of at least two strips along their longitudinal axis, preferably at mutually facing edges, being under tension, - moving the strip stepwise or continuously relative to the welding system, while the welding process of the tensioned strip continues stepwise or continuously. Welding method according to claim 11, characterized in that the welding device is designed to weld endless strips along their length, and at least one of the strips, but in particular each of the strips, transversally welds the strips into endless form, and the strips are then guided in the welding device and welded along their sides.