SK500192023U1 - Device for thermal carbonization of municipal sludge - Google Patents
Device for thermal carbonization of municipal sludge Download PDFInfo
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- SK500192023U1 SK500192023U1 SK50019-2023U SK500192023U SK500192023U1 SK 500192023 U1 SK500192023 U1 SK 500192023U1 SK 500192023 U SK500192023 U SK 500192023U SK 500192023 U1 SK500192023 U1 SK 500192023U1
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- Prior art keywords
- thermal
- carbonizer
- alkaline
- carbonization
- temperature zone
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920000426 Microplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000935 antidepressant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940005513 antidepressants Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940124558 contraceptive agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003433 contraceptive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010169 landfilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010841 municipal wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/28—Other processes
- C10B47/32—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means
- C10B47/44—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means with conveyor-screws
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/04—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition
- C10B57/06—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition containing additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Technické riešenie sa týka zariadenia na termickú karbonizáciu komunálnych kalov.The technical solution concerns a device for thermal carbonization of municipal sludge.
Doterajší stav technikyCurrent state of the art
Doteraz sa kaly z komunálnych čističiek odpadových vôd využívajú na klasické „hnojenie, t. j. na polievanie pôdy tekutým kalom. Ďalší zo spôsobov je odvodňovanie kalu a jeho miešanie so zeleným bioodpadom a drevnou štiepkou na výrobu kompostu. Ani jeden z uvedených spôsobov spracovania nezaručuje likvidáciu obsiahnutých nežiaducich organických a anorganických látok v kale ČOV a tieto látky sa ďalej dostávajú do pôdy a sekundárne do pestovaných rastlín. Ďalší spôsob likvidácie kalov spočíva v spaľovaní zahustených kalov. Tento spôsob je energeticky veľmi nákladný a uvoľňujú sa pri ňom do ovzdušia emisie. Ďalším spôsobom je vysušenie komunálneho kalu a jeho uloženie na skládku komunálneho odpadu. Skládkovanie takto sušeného kalu je vzhľadom na poplatky výhodnejšie ako skládkovanie tekutého kalu. Odvodňovaním a sušením producent znižuje hmotnosť kalu a tým si znižuje náklady na jeho likvidáciu. Na základe vyššie uvedených faktov bolo vyvinuté zariadenie poskytujúce efektívne a ekologické technické riešenie uvedených problémov.Until now, sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plants has been used for classic "fertilization, i.e. j. for watering the soil with liquid sludge. Another method is dewatering the sludge and mixing it with green biowaste and wood chips to produce compost. None of the mentioned processing methods guarantee the disposal of the unwanted organic and inorganic substances contained in the WWTP sludge, and these substances further reach the soil and secondarily the cultivated plants. Another method of sludge disposal consists in incineration of thickened sludge. This method is very expensive in terms of energy and emissions are released into the air. Another way is to dry municipal sludge and deposit it in a municipal waste dump. Landfilling dried sludge in this way is more advantageous than liquid sludge disposal in terms of fees. By dewatering and drying, the producer reduces the weight of the sludge and thereby reduces the costs of its disposal. Based on the above-mentioned facts, a device providing an efficient and ecological technical solution to the mentioned problems was developed.
Podstata technického riešeniaThe essence of the technical solution
Zariadenie na termickú karbonizáciu komunálnych kalov za spolupôsobenia alkalického karbonizačného činidla rieši premenu komunálneho kalu na ekonomicky výhodnú surovinu - karbonizovanú uhlíkovú surovinu.The device for thermal carbonization of municipal sludge with the interaction of an alkaline carbonization agent solves the transformation of municipal sludge into an economically advantageous raw material - carbonized carbon raw material.
Zariadenie na termickú karbonizáciu komunálnych kalov podľa technického riešenia pozostáva zo vstupu na dávkovanie vysušeného kalu a alkalického karbonizačného činidla, ústiaceho do násypníka s extrudérom a odplynením, ďalej z dávkovacieho šneku s motorom a termického karbonizátora. Dávkovací šnek ústi do priestoru termického karbonizátora na karbonizáciu vstupujúceho vysušeného kalu v zmesi s alkalickým karbonizačným činidlom. Termický karbonizátor je vybavený šnekom poháňaným motorom na posun uvedenej zmesi termickým karbonizátorom, ktorý pozostáva z dvoch teplotných zón, prvej teplotnej zóny I a druhej teplotnej zóny II, vyhrievaných elektrickým ohrevom v plášti termického karbonizátora, na konci prvej teplotnej zóny I je odvod plynnej fázy z termického karbonizátora a na konci druhej teplotnej zóny II je výpusť na odvod vzniknutej karbonizovanej pevnej substancie na vstup do šneku s motorom a s chladením chladiacou vodou. Na konci šneku je výstup ochladenej pevnej karbonizovanej zmesi do jej zásobníka. Termický karbonizátor pomocou potrubia na plynnú zložku z termického karbonizátora je napojený na chladený kondenzátor na kondenzáciu časti plynnej fázy z termického karbonizátora a kondenzátor je prepojený na odlučovač na oddelenie kvapalnej a plynnej zložky, ktoré sú z odlučovača vedené do systému ČOV na ďalšie spracovanie.The device for thermal carbonization of municipal sludge according to the technical solution consists of an inlet for dosing dried sludge and an alkaline carbonization agent, opening into a hopper with an extruder and degassing, further from a dosing screw with a motor and a thermal carbonizer. The dosing screw opens into the space of the thermal carbonizer for carbonization of the incoming dried sludge in a mixture with an alkaline carbonization agent. The thermal carbonizer is equipped with an auger driven by a motor to move the said mixture through the thermal carbonizer, which consists of two temperature zones, the first temperature zone I and the second temperature zone II, heated by electric heating in the shell of the thermal carbonizer, at the end of the first temperature zone I there is a discharge of the gas phase from thermal carbonizer and at the end of the second temperature zone II there is an outlet for draining the formed carbonized solid substance to enter the auger with a motor and cooling with cooling water. At the end of the screw, there is an exit of the cooled solid carbonized mixture into its reservoir. The thermal carbonizer, using a pipe for the gaseous component from the thermal carbonizer, is connected to a cooled condenser for condensing part of the gaseous phase from the thermal carbonizer, and the condenser is connected to a separator for separating the liquid and gaseous components, which are led from the separator to the WWTP system for further processing.
Zariadenie na termickú karbonizáciu komunálnych kalov je vybavené programovateľným logickým automatizovaným systémom PLC (skratka z anglického Programmable logic controller) na ovládanie a riadenie technologického procesu. PLC systém môže byť umiestnený i diaľkovo, teda riadenie prebieha kontinuálne bez priameho riadenia obsluhou, pričom spotreba elektrickej energie je na úrovni cca 45 kW (0,45 kW/1 kg). Súčasťou PLC systému je predovšetkým meranie a regulácia teploty v obidvoch zónach karbonizačného termického reaktora, ako aj v šneku na chladenie vyrobenej karbonizovanej pevnej substancie, a v tej súvislosti meranie a regulácia chladiacej vody na chladenie uvedeného šneku ako aj na chladenie kondenzátora plynnej fázy.The device for thermal carbonization of municipal sludge is equipped with a programmable logic automated PLC system (abbreviation from English Programmable logic controller) for control and management of the technological process. The PLC system can also be located remotely, i.e. the control takes place continuously without direct control by the operator, while the electricity consumption is at the level of approx. 45 kW (0.45 kW/1 kg). Part of the PLC system is primarily the measurement and regulation of the temperature in both zones of the carbonization thermal reactor, as well as in the screw for cooling the produced carbonized solid substance, and in this connection the measurement and regulation of the cooling water for cooling the said screw as well as for cooling the gas phase condenser.
Komunálny kal sa pred vstupom do zariadenia vysuší na obsah sušiny 80 % hmotn. až 90 % hmotn. a na vstupe do zariadenia je zmiešaný s alkalickým karbonizačným činidlom v množstve 4 až 6 % hmotn. na množstvo sušiny vo vysušenom kale. Alkalické karbonizačné činidlo pozostáva z alkalickej zmesi v množstve z 0,1 až 1,5 % hmotn. alkálií a zvyšok do 100 % hmotn. tvorí biomasa. Alkalickú zmes tvoria alkalické hydroxidy, hydroxidy alkalických zemín, alkalické uhličitany, uhličitany alkalických zemín, alkalické hydrouhličitany, hydrouhličitany alkalických zemín, alebo ich zmes. Biomasa pozostáva z lignocelulózy a/alebo celulózy vo forme zrna, drviny, pilín, slamy, vlákien alebo zberového papiera.Before entering the facility, municipal sludge is dried to a dry matter content of 80% by weight. up to 90 wt.% and at the entrance to the device it is mixed with an alkaline carbonizing agent in an amount of 4 to 6 wt.%. on the amount of dry matter in the dried sludge. The alkaline carbonizing agent consists of an alkaline mixture in the amount of 0.1 to 1.5% by weight. alkali and the rest up to 100 wt.% consists of biomass. The alkaline mixture consists of alkaline hydroxides, alkaline earth hydroxides, alkaline carbonates, alkaline earth carbonates, alkaline bicarbonates, alkaline earth bicarbonates, or a mixture thereof. Biomass consists of lignocellulose and/or cellulose in the form of grain, grit, sawdust, straw, fibers or waste paper.
Zdržná doba v termickom karbonizátore sa mení v závislosti od obsahom sušiny vo vysušenom kale, je priemerne 15 minút.The retention time in the thermal carbonizer varies depending on the dry matter content in the dried sludge, it is an average of 15 minutes.
Teplota vzniknutej karbonizovanej pevnej substancie po chladení nepresahuje 40 °C. Pri procese termickejThe temperature of the resulting carbonized solid substance does not exceed 40 °C after cooling. In the process of thermal
SK 50019-2023 U1 karbonizácie komunálnych kalov sú okrem obsiahnutých mikroplastov karbonizované aj antibiotiká, antidepresíva, antikoncepcia, drogy a ničia sa a likvidujú aj obsiahnuté baktérie a vírusy. Vzniknuté množstvo karbonizovanej pevnej substancie na jednotku vstupnej suroviny - vysušeného kalu, predstavuje 65 až 75 % hmotn. v závislosti od obsahu sušiny a iných kvalitatívnych parametrov vstupujúceho vysušeného kalu. Uvedená hodnota sa vzťahuje na elementárny uhlík a o uhlík viazaný v nerozložených zvyšných organických látkach. Uhlík je využiteľný v rôznych sektoroch priemyslu, a hlavne už to nie je odpad, ale surovina pre priemysel a poľnohospodárstvo. Obsah uhlíka (voľného aj viazaného) v karbonizovanej pevnej substancii sa pohybuje v rozmedzí od 35 do 55 %.SK 50019-2023 U1 carbonization of municipal sludge, in addition to the contained microplastics, antibiotics, antidepressants, contraception, drugs are also carbonized, and the contained bacteria and viruses are also destroyed and eliminated. The resulting amount of carbonized solid substance per unit of input raw material - dried sludge, represents 65 to 75% by weight. depending on the dry matter content and other quality parameters of the incoming dried sludge. The stated value refers to elemental carbon and carbon bound in non-decomposed remaining organic substances. Carbon can be used in various sectors of industry, and above all it is no longer waste, but a raw material for industry and agriculture. The carbon content (both free and bound) in the carbonized solid substance ranges from 35 to 55%.
Zariadenie na termickú karbonizáciu komunálnych kalov podľa technického riešenia je efektívne a ekologické riešenie zlepšenia životného prostredia tým, že sa komunálny kal, ktorý nemalou mierou zaťažuje životné prostredie, odstránením obsiahnutých mikroplastov, antidepresív, antikoncepcie, drog a likvidovaním baktérií a vírusov premení na karbonizovanú pevnú uhlíkovú substanciu, ktorá môže tvoriť vstupnú surovinu pre iné odvetvia priemyslu a poľnohospodárstvo. Karbonizovaná pevná uhlíková substancia je využiteľná v rôznych sektoroch priemyslu a poľnohospodárstva a už to nie je odpad, ale surovina.The device for thermal carbonization of municipal sludge according to the technical solution is an effective and ecological solution to improving the environment by turning municipal sludge, which is a considerable burden on the environment, by removing contained microplastics, antidepressants, contraceptives, drugs and by eliminating bacteria and viruses, into carbonized solid carbon a substance that can form an input raw material for other branches of industry and agriculture. The carbonized solid carbon substance can be used in various sectors of industry and agriculture and is no longer a waste, but a raw material.
Prehľad obrázkov na výkresochOverview of images on drawings
Na obr. 1 je schematicky znázornené zariadenie na termickú karbonizáciu komunálnych kalov.In fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a device for thermal carbonization of municipal sludge.
Príklady uskutočneniaImplementation examples
Príklad 1Example 1
Komunálny kal vysušený známym spôsobom o sušine 85 % hmotn. a 15 % hmotn. vody sa zmieša s alkalickým karbonizačným činidlom v množstve 4,5 % na množstvo sušiny komunálneho kalu. Alkalické karbonizačné činidlo bolo pripravené z NaOH v množstve 1,2 % a zvyšok do 100 % tvorila biomasa zložená z lignocelulózy. Takto vytvorená zmes komunálneho kalu a karbonizačného činidla bola vstupom 1 dopravená do násypníka 2 s extrudérom a odplynením a následne bola pomocou dávkovacieho šneku 4 poháňaného motorom 8 dopravená do pracovného priestoru termického karbonizátora 3 s pracovnou teplotou 550 °C. Karbonizovaná zmes sa posúvala v termickom karbonizátore šnekom poháňaným motorom 16. Termický karbonizátor 3 je rozdelený na teplotnú zónu I 5 a teplotnú zónu II 6 s vyhrievaním v plášti termického karbonizátora 3. Po prechode teplotnou zónou I 5 dochádza k odpareniu zvyškovej vody a časti organických látok z kalu, a vzniknutá plynná fáza sa na konci zóny I odviedla potrubím do kondenzátora 9. Termizovaná karbonizovaná zmes sa následne posunula do teplotnej zóny II 6. Vplyvom tepla a karbonizačného alkalického činidla v zóne II 6 vznikla karbonizovaná pevná substancia. V chladenom kondenzátore 9 chladeného chladiacou vodou 7 plynná fáza čiastočne skondenzovala a kvapalná zložka 13 a plynná zložka 14 sa odviedli do odlučovača 10 a po ich oddelení v odlučovači 10 sa odviedli naspäť do systému ČOV na ďalšie procesné spracovanie. Vzniknutá karbonizovaná pevná substancia sa z termického karbonizátora 3 odviedla do chladeného šneku 11 poháňaného motorom 17 a chladeného chladiacou vodou 7. Z chladeného šneku 11 sa výstupný produkt odviedol do zásobníka 12.Municipal sludge dried in a known way with a dry matter of 85% by weight. and 15% wt. of water is mixed with an alkaline carbonization agent in the amount of 4.5% per amount of municipal sludge dry matter. The alkaline carbonization agent was prepared from NaOH in an amount of 1.2%, and the rest up to 100% consisted of biomass composed of lignocellulose. The mixture of municipal sludge and carbonization agent created in this way was transported through inlet 1 to hopper 2 with an extruder and degassing, and subsequently, using a dosing screw 4 driven by motor 8, it was transported to the working area of the thermal carbonizer 3 with a working temperature of 550 °C. The carbonized mixture was moved in the thermal carbonizer by a screw driven by a motor 16. The thermal carbonizer 3 is divided into temperature zone I 5 and temperature zone II 6 with heating in the shell of the thermal carbonizer 3. After passing through the temperature zone I 5, the residual water and part of the organic substances evaporate from the sludge, and the resulting gas phase was piped to the condenser 9 at the end of zone I. The thermalized carbonized mixture was subsequently moved to temperature zone II 6. Due to the influence of heat and the carbonizing alkaline agent in zone II 6, a carbonized solid substance was formed. In the cooled condenser 9 cooled by the cooling water 7, the gas phase partially condensed and the liquid component 13 and the gas component 14 were taken to the separator 10 and after their separation in the separator 10, they were taken back to the WWTP system for further processing. The resulting carbonized solid substance was led from the thermal carbonizer 3 to a cooled screw 11 driven by a motor 17 and cooled by cooling water 7. From the cooled screw 11, the output product was led to a reservoir 12.
Príklad 2Example 2
Postup bol rovnaký ako v príklade 1, pričom sa použil vstupný kal so sušinou 90 % hmotn. a 10 % hmotn. vody, alkalické karbonizačné činidlo bolo použité v množstve 5 % na množstvo sušiny komunálneho kalu a jeho zloženie bolo 1,4 % KHCO3 a zvyšok do 100 % tvorila biomasa zložená z celulózy a pracovná teplota v termickom karbonizátore bola 580 °C.The procedure was the same as in example 1, using an input sludge with a dry matter of 90% by weight. and 10% wt. of water, an alkaline carbonization agent was used in an amount of 5% for the dry matter amount of municipal sludge and its composition was 1.4% KHCO3 and the rest up to 100% was biomass composed of cellulose and the working temperature in the thermal carbonizer was 580 °C.
Príklad 3Example 3
Postup bol rovnaký ako v príklade 1, pričom sa použil vstupný kal so sušinou 80 % hmotn. a 20 % hmotn. vody, alkalické karbonizačné činidlo bolo použité v množstve 5,4 % na množstvo sušiny komunálneho kalu a jeho zloženie bolo 0,5 % KOH a zvyšok do 100 % tvorila biomasa zložená z lignocelulózy a slamy, a pracovná teplota v termickom karbonizátore bola 520 °C.The procedure was the same as in example 1, while the input sludge was used with a dry matter of 80% by weight. and 20% wt. of water, the alkaline carbonization agent was used in the amount of 5.4% for the amount of dry matter of municipal sludge and its composition was 0.5% KOH and the rest up to 100% was biomass composed of lignocellulose and straw, and the working temperature in the thermal carbonizer was 520 °C .
Príklad 4Example 4
Postup bol rovnaký ako v príklade 1, pričom sa použil vstupný kal so sušinou 87 % hmotn. a 13 % hmotn. vody, alkalické karbonizačné činidlo bolo použité v množstve 5,2 % na množstvo sušiny komunálneho kalu aThe procedure was the same as in example 1, using an input sludge with a dry matter of 87% by weight. and 13% wt. of water, an alkaline carbonization agent was used in an amount of 5.2% per amount of municipal sludge dry matter and
SK 50019-2023 U1 jeho zloženie bolo 1,2 % Na2CO3 a zvyšok do 100 % tvorila biomasa zložená z celulózy a pilín, a pracovná teplota v termickom karbonizátore bola 555 °C.SK 50019-2023 U1 its composition was 1.2% Na2CO3 and the rest up to 100% was biomass composed of cellulose and sawdust, and the working temperature in the thermal carbonizer was 555 °C.
Vo všetkých príkladoch zariadenie pracovalo v kontinuálnom režime.In all examples, the device was operated in continuous mode.
Spôsobom spracovania komunálneho kalu podľa vynálezu sa získalo 65 až 75 % karbonizovanej pevnej 5 substancie (na jednotku vstupnej suroviny - vysušeného komunálneho kalu) s obsahom 35 - 55 % uhlíka (viazaného aj neviazaného).The municipal sludge processing method according to the invention yielded 65 to 75% carbonized solid substance (per unit of input raw material - dried municipal sludge) with a carbon content of 35-55% (bound and unbound).
Priemyselná využiteľnosťIndustrial applicability
Spôsob a zariadenie na karbonizáciu komunálneho kalu podľa technického riešenia možno využiť na ekologické a efektívne likvidovanie predmetných kalov. Produkt získaný karbonizáciou komunálneho kalu je využiteľný ako surovina pre priemysel a poľnohospodárstvo.The method and equipment for the carbonization of municipal sludge according to the technical solution can be used for the ecological and efficient disposal of the sludge in question. The product obtained by carbonization of municipal sludge can be used as a raw material for industry and agriculture.
SK 50019-2023 U1SK 50019-2023 U1
Zoznam vzťahových značiekList of relationship tags
1. Vstup1. Entry
2. Násypník s extrudérom a odplynením2. Hopper with extruder and degassing
3. Termický karbonizátor3. Thermal carbonizer
4. Dávkovací šnek4. Dosing auger
5. Prvá teplotná zóna I termického karbonizátora5. The first temperature zone I of the thermal carbonizer
6. Druhá teplotná zóna II termického karbonizátora6. The second temperature zone II of the thermal carbonizer
7. Chladiaca voda7. Cooling water
8. Motor pre šnek karbonizačného termického karbonizátora8. Motor for the auger of the carbonization thermal carbonizer
9. Chladený kondenzátor9. Cooled condenser
10. Odlučovač10. Separator
11. Šnek pre chladenie a odvod pevnej karbonizovanej substancie11. Screw for cooling and removal of solid carbonized substance
12. Zásobník pre pevnú karbonizovanú substanciu12. Container for solid carbonized substance
13. Kvapalná zložka vracajúca sa do systému ČOV13. Liquid component returning to the WWTP system
14. Plynná zložka vracajúca sa do systému ČOV14. Gaseous component returning to the WWTP system
15. Riadiaca elektronická jednotka15. Control electronic unit
16. Motor pre dávkovací šnek16. Motor for dosing screw
17. Motor pre šnek na chladenie a odvod karbonizovanej substancie17. Motor for the auger for cooling and removal of carbonized substance
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SK50019-2023U SK9901Y1 (en) | 2023-03-28 | 2023-03-28 | Device for thermal carbonization of municipal sludge |
| CZ2024-41777U CZ37867U1 (en) | 2023-03-28 | 2024-02-15 | An equipment for thermal carbonisation of municipal sludge |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SK50019-2023U SK9901Y1 (en) | 2023-03-28 | 2023-03-28 | Device for thermal carbonization of municipal sludge |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SK500192023U1 true SK500192023U1 (en) | 2023-07-26 |
| SK9901Y1 SK9901Y1 (en) | 2023-12-06 |
Family
ID=87349334
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SK50019-2023U SK9901Y1 (en) | 2023-03-28 | 2023-03-28 | Device for thermal carbonization of municipal sludge |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CZ (1) | CZ37867U1 (en) |
| SK (1) | SK9901Y1 (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-03-28 SK SK50019-2023U patent/SK9901Y1/en unknown
-
2024
- 2024-02-15 CZ CZ2024-41777U patent/CZ37867U1/en active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CZ37867U1 (en) | 2024-05-07 |
| SK9901Y1 (en) | 2023-12-06 |
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