SK287587B6 - Four stroke combustion engine with circular cone in engine timing mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

A rotating cone segment (8) is in a valve mechanism fitted to identical shape beds in the bottom of the cylinder head (1) so that the hole in the conical part of the segment using a stepper motor (19) exactly in step, 120 ° shifts by rotating in direction from the suction channel (6) to the exhaust duct (7) in the axis of the stem (9) discharged to the outside of the cylinder head (1).

Description

The invention is directed to the field of four-stroke internal combustion engines and, in particular, aims to simplify the timing mechanism, increase the efficient engine power by reducing intake and exhaust resistance, and thereby reduce the NOx content of the exhaust gases. In addition, due to the minimal stroke of the rotary cone segment as well as a significant reduction in the engine noise level. It is therefore particularly suitable for the manufacture of diesel engines.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A rotary system in a portion of a timing mechanism similar to that of a four-stroke internal combustion engine in a timing mechanism according to the present invention is not known in the art. Partially comparable are the swinging, sliding or shifting systems of the internal combustion engine, but the drawbacks are leaks and relatively large friction surfaces of the timing elements, as well as a considerable stroke range of the functional parts.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The aforementioned drawbacks are solved by a four-stroke internal combustion engine with a rotary cone segment in the timing mechanism of the present invention, the central element of which is a truncated cone segment with a single orifice embedded in a shape identical seat at the bottom of the cylinder head. an opening extending to the outside of the cylinder head, provided with a spring to achieve a close fit of the segment into the bed at the bottom of the cylinder head, and alternately opens and closes the intake and exhaust port openings, depending on individual engine strokes, arranged so that the position of the spark plug, respectively. the injection nozzles occupy a position rotated by 120 °.

During the cycle of compression and expansion, the opening of the rotary cone segment is in position II when it overlaps the spark plug opening, respectively. injection nozzles.

Moving the rotary cone segment hole between positions I., II. and III. depending on the current working cycle of the engine, it provides an external element, e.g. stepper motor by means of a rotary cone segment shank so that at the moment of a momentary impulse of force Fi to overcome the directing force of the spring that provides a tight fit of the rotary cone segment into the bed at the bottom of the cylinder head position of the next working cycle of the engine.

Accordingly, the stepper motor provides for displacement of the rotary cone segment aperture, depending on the running stroke of the internal combustion engine, precisely at 120 °, by position I suction starting at position III. The process is controlled by electronic logic in relation to the engine crankshaft speed.

When moving the rotary cone segment hole between positions III. Exhaust and intake with respect to the arrangement of the exhaust and intake duct openings in the cylinder head, there is no overlap of both cycles. This means that leakage of fresh combustion mixture into the exhaust gases is not possible. In addition, all openings in the cylinder head entering the space of the rotary cone segment timing system are provided with sealing rings springed to the outer surface of the rotary cone segment, thereby increasing the sealing effect proportionally.

The most important factor compared to the prior art is the active cross-section of the intake and exhaust openings, which contributes to the efficiency of the combustion process by reducing the resistance. The second significant factor is the low vertical lift rate of the rotary cone segment, which significantly reduces the noise level of the internal combustion engine. In addition, the arrangement of the rotary system of the timing mechanism of the invention, due to the low vertical lift rate of the rotary cone segment, allows to achieve a high degree of compression depending on the shape of the cone extension of the piston, which also contributes to higher efficiency of the combustion process.

Overall, the higher performance of the four-stroke internal combustion engine of the present invention results in an increase in specific power, an increase in fuel economy, a reduction in noise, and thus in a whole complex reduction of negative environmental effects.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 shows, in section line A-A, a cylinder head solution according to the invention.

Fig. 2 shows the alignment of the intake port, exhaust port and spark plug aperture relative to the rotary cone segment in the cylinder head, indicating its direction of rotation.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In a simplified form, the principle and arrangement of the main parts of a four-stroke internal combustion engine with a rotary cone segment in the timing mechanism is shown in FIG. First

This figure shows a cross-section of the cylinder head 1 and the cylinder block 2, which are separated from each other by a gasket 5. In the cylinder block 2, the piston 3 is movably supported by a connecting rod 4 connected to the engine crankshaft.

In the cylinder head 1 there is a rotary cone segment 8 with one hole in its conical part as the central element of the timing mechanism, whose tight fit into the bed at the bottom of the cylinder head 1 is provided by spring 12 biased between thrust bearing 10 and spring plate 13 in the shaft of the rotary cone segment 9 with a two-piece cone liner 11 The labyrinth seal 15 at the top of the rotary cone segment 8 and at the position of the inlet port 6, the exhaust port 7 and the spark plug 18 The ignition impulse 17 is provided by a spark plug 18 which, at the top dead center of the piston 3, ignites the compressed fuel mixture in the defined space of the interior of the rotary cone segment 8 and the cone extension of the piston 20. a faster flame duct 21 is provided in the conical extension of the piston 20 for a faster propagation of the mixture at the time of the expansion. which, at the moment of change of the working cycle of the internal combustion engine, acts on the shank of the rotary cone segment 9, thus creating a gap between the cylinder head bed 1 and the rotary cone segment 8 equal to the vertical stroke of the rotary cone segments. The outer parts of the timing mechanism for effective lubrication are covered by a schematically indicated timing mechanism cover 14.

Industrial usability

The invention can be used in particular in the automotive industry. However, there are applications where four-stroke internal combustion engines are used as propulsion units.

PATENT CLAIM

Claims (1)

A four-stroke internal combustion engine with a rotary cone segment in the timing mechanism, with one orifice in the cone segment that moves exactly in step 120 by rotating away from the intake to exhaust port so that the orifice of the rotary cone segment characterized in that a rotatable cone segment (8) with a shank (9) calibrated through a hole extending to the outside of the cylinder head (1) is inserted into the shape-identical seat at the bottom of the cylinder head (1) so that between the thrust bearing support ( 10) and the spring plate (13) fixed in the upper part of the shank (9) by a two-piece conical insert (11) is inserted a prestressed spring (12) which ensures tight fit of the segment into the bed in the lower part of the cylinder head (1). intake port (6), exhaust port (7), and spark plug ( 18) with each other, in order to increase the sealing effect, grooves are provided at these openings for receiving the sealing rings (16) pressed against the outer surface of the conical part of the rotary cone segment (8) by the compression spring (17), while the sealing function in axial direction the shank (9) fulfills the labyrinth seal (15), the function of adjusting the optimum compression ratio of the cone extension of the piston (20) with the air channel (21), the function of moving the rotary cone segment hole to the corresponding working cycle position of the internal combustion engine 19) and the required gap of the rotary cone segment (8) in the bottom of the cylinder head (1) in the range of the stroke rate of the rotary cone segment (o) at the moment of opening the hole to the next working position is provided by the impulse force generator (F;) crankshaft.