SK286841B6 - Leno heddle - Google Patents

Abstract

A leno heddle (18) consists of two basic parts, namely of the metallic doup heddle (1) and plastic lifting heddle (9). Lifting heddle (9) comprised of a pair of lifting shanks (10, 11), in each of said arms in the contact portion (23) of the taper (20) the guiding slot (21, 24, 25, 29) is formed which the through guiding orifice (17) of the taper (16) is lead in. The lower portion of the guiding slot (21), adjacent to the lower arm (15) of the shank (10, 11), forms a stop (22) of the taper (16). The guiding slot (21, 24, 25, 29) can be e.g. half-circular, droplet-shaped or triangular. The end hang loops (12, 13) of the shanks (10, 11) of the lifting heddle (9) are formed in a C-shaped hanger (19) with the rounded enlarged termination, and can be once or three times thickened, when compared with the arms (14, 15) of the shanks (10, 11). The doup heddle (1) features the interruption (7, 8) in the lower outer portion of the hanging guide (6).

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a lined heald, comprising a metal eyelet with a loop and a drawstring made of plastic, the padding being formed by two arms connected by a bridge to the end eyelet and terminated by a suspension guide on the outer sides of the arms. has an end-hinged foot abutting on the shoulders, between the upper arm and the lower arm there is an expanded part of the haunch, with an internal through hole for guiding the quilt with one of the warp threads in the eye, with a guide cutout for guiding one of the warp threads guiding a second warp thread under which the edge of the contact portion of the inlet is situated.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Currently, two methods of weaving leno fabrics are used, namely the so-called fixed weave and leno healds. In the basic movements of the weaving machine, a leno weave is formed. The method of binding the leno fabrics is carried out by a pair of lined healds, each lined heald being a traction heald with a pair of lifting rods and a half-shell.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,015,346 discloses all-metal lined healds comprising a metal traction heald and a metal half-hearth. The drawing heald has a longitudinal arc cut in each lifting rod, terminating at both ends with a transition portion. The cut-out is situated in the relatively narrowest part of the drawbar. The mirrored cut-outs of both draw bars are formed into an ellipsoidal guide hole for guiding the warp threads. Between the cut-out and the upper arm of each drawbar there is an offset part with a thread leading edge. The offset portion converges downwards into a very short contact portion of both draw bars. The lower end of the cut-out facing the lower arm of the drawbar is formed into a stop as a contact surface of the eye plate. Each drawbar rod has an elongated closed eye at both opposite ends, behind which there is a short elongated end. The metal half-shell has closed eyes at its lower ends which have an optimal elongated shape for guiding the warp threads.

The half-shell metal material provides good function and durability, but such a half-shell is relatively expensive. Lifting rods with closed eyes and extended ends meet the requirements for the suspension function of the towing heald, but increase the specific pressure load of such a suspension. The positioning of the slots in the narrowest part of the rods, the ellipsoidal guide hole, the closed eyelets with the end rod extension and the closed eyelet of the cushion can thus be designed with respect to the low wear metal lining heald material. The closed eyebrows obstruct and prevent the exchange of damaged rods during operation. The very short contact portion, between the leading edge and the cutout, is essentially a point, so that it does not conserve the threads too much, especially during their movement from the contact portion upwards. In this short metal contact portion, the threads can then be easily pinched, rubbed and subsequently damaged. Another disadvantage of the metal lined heald is the high noise level during operation and the mechanical loading of the production parts of the weaving machine. The metal lined heald is relatively heavier than the plastic heald, which has an immediate effect on increasing the speed of the weaving machine.

Another type of lined heald is described e.g. in Swiss Patent Priority no. No. 579,161 and U.S. Pat. The draft heald and half-shell are made of a different material. The drawing heald may be made by casting or injection molding of a soft material, e.g. plastic and may have a graduated width and thickness. The lifting rods have an enlarged portion situated in the middle of their length, between the upper and lower arms of the drawbar. This widened portion has an inner guide opening for guiding the half-shell. The extended part of the rods has a long contact edge formed on the contact surface, which can create dry friction, leading to abrasion and wear of this mechanically stressed part. Each of the two plastic lifting rods is provided with square footings in the shape of a "C", and in particular the outer square shape can easily be damaged. Each lifting rod is equipped with several reinforcing inserts of higher strength than the material of the rods in the extended drawbar and in the lower hanger foot. The reinforcing elements may be made of metal sheets, perforated sheet metal, intermediate wires or fibers. The stiffening elements contribute to increasing the lifetime of the lifting rods, but their production is relatively demanding and increases the resulting price of the lined heald. The pendant hinge guide is shaped into longitudinal eyelets at the ends of each arm. Each of these guides is closed on its outer side and interrupted until it opens on its inner side facing the lifting rods.

Under normal operating conditions from time to time, the plastic rods of the trunking heave will be damaged, especially in the contact portions of the opposing extended portions, so that they need to be replaced under operating conditions, but the outer closed eyelet of the pendant hinge prevents the plastic rods from being replaced. That is why, during the replacement of damaged plastic drawbars, the entire leno heald must be removed from the heald shaft. Only then is the damaged plastic rod removed from the lined heald and replaced with a new one, after which the lined heald with the new rod is put back into the heald shaft.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

These disadvantages are overcome or substantially reduced by a lined heald, comprising a metal half-shell with an eyelet and a traction heald made of plastic, wherein the half-shell is formed by two arms connected by a bridge to the end eyelet and terminated each having end-to-end hangers, between the upper arm and the lower arm there is an expanded part of the inlet, with an internal through hole for guiding the quilt with one of the warp threads in the eye, with a guide cut-out for guiding one of the warp threads an upper leading edge for guiding the second warp thread, below which is located the edge of the contact part of the haunch, the essence of which is that each traction heald rod has a guide cutout in the contact part of the haunch, the lower part of which reader to the lower leg forms a stop, wherein the guiding slot opens through-guide opening. The right-hand draw-in recess follows the left-hand drawbar's draw-back recess. The metal half-shell has each of its suspension guides terminated by an elongated loop, which has a break in its lower outer part. The main advantage of interrupting the hinge line of the metal half-shell is to facilitate easier replacement of the damaged part of the plastic traction heald, in which the metal half-shell can be re-inserted into the heald shaft after interruption with a new undamaged plastic half-heald.

Advantages include extending the service life of the leno heald, improving the resistance to mechanical stress of the plastic drawbar heaters, less wear on both warp threads, and easy access to guide the warp thread into the eyelet of the metal quill, including easier operation. A guide cut-out roughly in the middle of the extended start-up contributes to easier guidance of one of the warp threads, where the plastic material does not undermine under the contact portion and the risk of damage to the warp threads themselves is eliminated. The advantage of breaking the eyelet of the metal pintle hinge is to facilitate the replacement of the damaged part of the plastic traction heald, in which the metal pintle can be re-inserted into the slat after interruption with a new undamaged plastic truss.

Advantageously, the guide cut-out of both rods is semicircular to form a circular opening during contact of the opposite contact portions of both rods.

Advantageously, each guide cut-out of both rods has a droplet shape with a gradual lower passage between the stop and the contact portion of the lower arm to form a droplet opening when the opposite contact portions of the two rods contact.

Advantageously, each guide cut-out of both rods is triangular to form a rhombic or rhomboid-shaped opening when the opposite contact portions of both rods contact.

Preferably, each traction rod has each of its hinged heel shaped into a C-shaped hinge with a rounded extended end and the droplet guide cutout has a semicircular shape with a gradual transition between the stop and the contact portion of the lower arm.

Advantageously, the transitions between the guide slot and adjacent contact portions and any transitions between the guide edges and the guide slot stop are rounded.

Advantageously, the upper hinge foot and / or the lower hinge foot have a thickness of one to three times greater than the upper or lower link arms.

When the guide notch of the two drawbar healds is semicircular, when both lift rods are assembled, both semicircular cutouts produce an optimum circular hole that follows the pintle eye, so that both warp threads do not grip when the metal pile is reached. Also, the production of this opening is easy.

When the guide recess has a drop shape, the manufacture of which is relatively easy, e.g. semicircular shape with a lower gradual transition between the stop and the lower arm contact portion. Then, when the two lifting rods are folded out, the two upper semicircular slots predominantly form a circular opening that follows the eye of the half-shell so that the two warp threads do not grip at the stop of the metal half-shell. The gradual lower transition portion is shaped to move the warp threads on the stop and increases the mechanical resistance of the stop edges against wear during long periods of operation. The use of the droplet shape of the guide slot is intended mainly for finer threads, threads with a lower tex number.

The guide recess of the two drawbar healds may be triangular, either with the same or different lengths of the two guide edges. The triangular guide cut-out of both drawbar healds represents an extension of the field of application to other types of yarn input material with a medium or higher tex number. The triangular guide slot between the upper guide edge facing the leading edge and the lower guide edge facing the lower arm may have a right or acute angle. The right angle between the two guide edges eliminates the effect of uneven tension in the warp threads. The acute angle between the two guide edges is suitable for threads with different tex numbers in one warp. The triangular guide slot may have an upper guide edge shorter than the lower guide edge, or both guide edges may be equally long. If both leading edges have the same length, the rods are suitable for textured yarns. If the upper guide edge of the guide hole is shorter than the lower edge, the guide cutout simulates a droplet shape.

Each traction heald lifting rod may have each of its hinged heel shaped into a C-shaped hinge with a rounded extended end. The hinge increases the mechanical strength of the hinge foot and its rounding reduces the specific pressure load of the hinge foot.

Gradual rounding of any passage of the draw-in of the drawbar of the rods does not disturb the sharp edges of these passages, thus eliminating the tearing of the fibers or their fiberisation. It also facilitates the sliding of the warp threads from the guide slot and the guide opening.

If the upper and / or lower hinge feet have a thickness one to three times greater than the upper or lower link arms of the drawbars, this is useful and sometimes necessary in the extreme stress of the warp threads.

Both hoisting rods made of polyoxymethylene - POM, which is self-lubricating and necessary mechanical-physical properties for the given technology of leno weaving.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 shows a front view of a metal half-shell, FIG. 2 is a side view of the metal half-shell of FIG. 1, FIG. Fig. 3 is a front elevation view of a traction heald formed by a pair of lifting rods each having a semicircular guide cut-out; 4 is a front elevation of the right-hand lifting rod of FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a side view of FIG. 4 from the leading edge of the drawbar, FIG. 6 is a side view of FIG. 4 from the outside of the drawbar, FIG. Fig. 7 is a front elevation view of a lined heald with a semicircular guide cut-out of the drawbar healds and a quadruple shown in phantom; 8 shows a detail of the upper hinge foot of the left drawbar of FIG. 3, FIG. 9 shows a detail of the upper hinge foot of the right-hand drawbar of FIG. 3, FIG. 10 shows a detail of the lower hinge foot of the left drawbar of FIG. 3, FIG. 11 shows a detail of the lower hanger foot of the right-hand drawbar of FIG. 3, FIG. 12 shows the start-up detail of the right-hand lifting rod of FIG. 3 and FIG. 13 shows a detail of the region of the lining heald of FIG. 7;

Fig. Fig. 14 is a front elevation view of a lined heald with a drop-shaped guide cutout of the hoisting linkage of the tractive heald and the half-shell shown in dashed lines; 15 shows a side view of the lifting rod of FIG. 14 from the leading edge of the lead-in; FIG. 16 shows a side view of the lifting rod of FIG. 14 from the outside, FIG. 17 shows a detail of the start of the right lifting rod of FIG. 14, FIG. 18 shows a detail of the lining heald in FIG. 14;

Fig. Fig. 19 is a front elevation view of a lined heald with a heald heald, each rod having a triangular guide cutout with identical guide edges, wherein the metal half-shell is shown in phantom; 20 is a detail of the start of the right lifting rod of FIG. 19, FIG. 21 shows a detail of the lining heald in FIG. 19;

Fig. Fig. 22 is a front elevation view of a lined heald with a heald heald, each lifting rod having a triangular guide cutout with different long edges and with the metal half-shell shown in phantom; 23 shows a detail of the start of the right lifting rod of FIG. 22 and FIG. 24 is a detailed view of the lining heald of FIG. 22nd

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Example 1 (Fig. 1-13)

The metal cushion 1 (Fig. 1) is formed in the form of tweezers from two mutually parallel arms 2, 3, which at one end are connected to both arms 2, 3 by a perpendicularly arranged bridge 4 with an eyelet 5 situated from the outside. Each arm 2, 3 has at its free end an outside guide 6 arranged in the form of a longitudinal eye. Each hinge line 6 is provided at its outer lower end with a narrow gap or slot 7, 8. If the suspension guide 6 of the arms 2, 3 of the metal half-shell 1 is massive, the gap or gap of the interruption 7, 8 can be replaced by a slot. The metal cushion 1 is formed as a whole and has the same thickness over its entire length (FIG. 2).

The drawing heald 9 (FIG. 3) consists of two lifting rods 10, 11, a right lifting rod 10 and a left lifting rod 11. Each lifting rod 10, 11 (FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 6) consists of both upper and lower ends. hinge foot 12 and opposite lower hinge foot 13. The upper hinge foot 12 extends to the upper arm 14, the lower hinge foot 13 to the lower arm 15. Both the right and left lifting arms 10, 11 have their upper arms 14 spaced apart and widened because they are subjected to greater stress than both lower arms 15, which are narrower. The lower arms 15 serve as a guide element for the lifting rods 10, 11 and can therefore be relatively thin. Roughly in the middle of the hoisting rod 10 between the two arms 14, 15 is an enlarged part of the haunch 16 with a guide hole 17. From the side views of the hoisting rod 10 (Figs. 5, 6) it is clear that the right hoisting rod 10 has the same length over its entire length. thickness, excluding the central part of the haunch 16, which has the greatest thickness, since it is subjected to the maximum load during operation or at the end of the metal half-shell 1 of the lining heald 18. Each lifting rod 10, 11 of the trunking heald 9 is formed as one plastic unit, injection technology.

The basic functional parts, the metal half-shell 1 and the lifting rods 10, 11 of the traction heald 9 (Fig. 7) represent the complete arrangement of the lined heald 18.

Both the upper and lower hinge feet 12, 13 are provided at their ends with a hinge 19 formed into a rounded rounded end (Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11) in the shape of a letter C.

Each lead 16 (FIGS. 12, 13) of the lifting rods 10, 11 is provided with a leading edge 20 for guiding the correct direction of one of the warp threads and a semicircular guide slot 21 for guiding the other warp thread. The lower portion of the guide slot 21 forms a stop 22, which is the bearing surface for the eyelet 5 with the bridge 4 of the metal quilt 1. The semicircular guide slot 21 is arranged roughly in the middle of the contact portion 23 of the lead-in 16 and has a semicircular shape so that the guide slots 21 are in contact with both The 23 lifting rods 10, 11 form a circular opening. The warp thread guide hole 17 (FIGS. 5, 7) is shaped from the side view of the lift rod as a deep long groove (FIG. 5) along the entire length of the inner leading edge 16, the adjacent leading edge 20 and its contact portion 23 including a semicircular guide The guide opening 17 from this long deep groove extends from the outer lateral side of the right-hand lifting rod 10 (FIG. 6) only as a follow-up groove in the region of the lower haunch 16, corresponding roughly to the region adjacent to the stressed semicircular guide slot 21 s. Similarly, the left lifting rod 11 of the traction heald 9 is shaped. Below the run-in 16, the two narrow lower arms 15 of the lifting rods 10, 11 of the trunnion heald 9 are arranged side by side so that their adjacent side edges shift one after the other.

Into the guide opening 17 of the semicircular guide recess 21 of the haunches 16 of the two hoisting rods 10, 11, a metal cushion 1 is inserted above the point of contact thereof, so that one eyelet 5 in each traction heald 9. The heald 9 and in the gap between the upper arms 14 of the two lifting rods 10, 11 can move freely up and down. If one of the two healds 9 is lifted, the half-shell 1 also rises.

The basic principle of weaving of leno fabrics is a system of warp and weft threads. The warp thread instruction is carried out by guiding one of the two warp threads into the eyelet 5 of the metal half-shell 1 and then loosely between the respective pairs of the lifting rods 10, 11 of the drawing-on heald 9 the other of the warp threads. When the warp threads are exchanged, friction is generated which is transmitted to the contact points of the leno heald 18. The leno healds 18 with a semicircular guide cutout 21 and stop 22 reduce this friction, especially in the leading region 16, since the fiber is in contact with the eyelet 5 of the metal. Due to the shape of the semicircular guiding recess 21 with the stop 22, the contact portion 23 of the leading edge 20 and the chosen plastic material, this most stressed part of the two lifting rods 10, 11 of the truss 9 is more mechanically resistant and extends its service life. In the absence of a guide notch where the warp threads contacted directly with the plastic part at the end 16, there was a considerable edge sharpness, edge cutting and damage to the contact points of the start plastic 16 and the fiber.

The weaving healds 18 are hinged in the weaving sheet by means of the hinged feet 12, 13. During the weaving process, the hinged leaves 12 and 13 are relatively stressed. The specific pressure load during the rapid movement of the metal quilt 1 up and down is it reduces the hinge feet 12, 13 and the rounding of the hinge 19 on the basis of the extended hinge 19. When replacing damaged hitches of the heald heald 9 previously used, their hinge feet often break off. The modification with hinge 19 eliminates this problem to a considerable extent.

In an existing weaving process, where in a weaving machine, e.g. The 500 leno healds 18 arranged one behind the other in the sheet, during normal operation, wear of the leno healds 18 and the extreme wear of e.g. a pair of plastic lifting rods 10, 11, traction heald 9. Until now, the replacement of very damaged plastic lifting rods 10, 11 has been accomplished by first destroying the metal half-shell 1 by cutting its suspension guide 6, then removing the metal half-shell 1 and then damaged plastic lifting rods 10, 11 of the traction heald 9. By cutting off the hinge guide 6, the entire metal cushion 1 has been destroyed. The new proposed solution of the metal quilt 1 with the interruption 7, 8 of the suspension guide 6 makes it possible to remove the damaged plastic traction heald 9 without any damage and without its destruction and after replacing the plastic lifting rods 10,11 , 8 to use the overhead line 6 into the new pearl heald 18.

Example 2 (Figs. 14-18)

The lined heald 18 shown in FIG. 14, corresponds to the previous exemplary embodiment, including its function, except that the tractive heald 9 has hinge feet 12, 13 shaped on both lifting rods 10, 11 (FIGS. 15, 16) so that they have approximately twice the thickness relative to Another difference is that each lead 16 (Figs. 17, 18) of the lift rods 10, 11 is provided with a drop-like guide slot 24 with a lower gradual portion to guide the second warp thread. The lower portion of the droplet guide cutout 24 forms a stop 22, which is a bearing surface for the eyelet 5 with the bridge 4 of the metal half-shell 1. The droplet guide cutout 24 is arranged roughly in the middle of the contact portion 23 of the lead-in 16. The drop-like guide cut-out 24, arranged in a mirror-image relationship to each other, forms a predominantly circular opening with a lower gradual passage at the contact of the two contact portions of the lifting rods 10, 11. The droplet guide cutout 24 has no sharp edges and the transitions 28 between the guide cutout 24 and the contact portions 23 of the lead-in 16 are rounded.

This lined heald 18 is suitable for lined weaving polypropylene fibers. In the case of lenoid weaving of polypropylene fibers, extreme tension has arisen during processing on a weaving machine, and it has commonly occurred that the hinge feet 12, 13 at the same thickness with the arms 14, 15 of the lifting rods 10, 11 have cracked and thus the binder ceases to function.

Example 3 (Figs. 19-21)

Both the function and the embodiment of the leno heald 18 shown in FIG. 19 is identical to the preceding embodiment, except for the triangular guide slot 25 of the lifting rods 10, 11. In this case, the triangular guide slot 25 (FIGS. 20, 21) is shaped to be an isosceles triangle, so that the angle between the two identical guide edges 26, 27, the upper guide edge 26 facing the contact portion 23 below the upper arm 14 and the lower guide edge 27 facing the contact portion 23 above the lower arm 15 is a right angle of 90 °. The two guide edges 26, 27 have the same length. By contacting the two mirrored triangular guide slits 25 of the lifting rods 10,11 of the traction heald 9, a regular diamond with equally long sides is formed.

The lined heald 18 of this type is suitable for weaving fine fibers of tex number 34 or less.

Example 4 (Figs. 22-24)

The embodiment of the leno heald 18 shown in FIG. 22 in this alternative embodiment is identical to the previous exemplary embodiment except for the triangular guide cutout 29 of the lifting rods 10,11 of the traction heald 9, which is shaped to an irregular triangle (FIGS. 23, 24) so that the angle between the two guide edges 26, 27, with the upper guide edge 26 facing the contact portion 23 toward the leading edge 20 and the lower guide edge 27 facing the contact portion 23 of the lower arm 15 is an acute angle of less than 90 °. The two guide edges 26, 27 have different lengths. The upper guide edge 26 is shorter than the lower edge 27. Upon contact of the two triangular guide slits 25 arranged in mirror-image relationship to one another, a regular rhomboid with equally long opposite sides is formed. This lined heald solution is suitable for textured fibers.

The exemplary embodiments do not limit other variants and possibilities of embodiment of the leno heald 18 and in particular the shaping of the guide slits 21, 24, 25, 29 within the scope and spirit of the claims.

Industrial usability

The solution is designed for binding of leno fabrics and their derivates, including rewinding of regions in the production of conventional fabrics on pneumatic, needle and twine weaving machines.

Claims (7)

1. A lined heald, comprising a metal eyelet with an eyelet and a draw thimble made of plastic, wherein the python is formed by two arms connected by a bridge to the end eyelet and terminated by a suspension guide on the outer sides of the arms. an extension of the inlet is situated between the upper arm and the lower arm, with an inner through hole for guiding the quilt with one of the warp threads in the eyelet, with a guide cut-out for guiding one of the warp threads, the upper leading edge for guiding a second warp thread under which the edge of the contacting part of the haunch is situated, characterized in that each rod (10, 11) of the plastic traction heald (9) has a guide slot (21) formed substantially in the center of the contacting part (23) of the haunch , 24, 25, 29), whose shape and dimensions of the mirror adhere to the cutout (21, 24, 25, 29) of the opposing drawbars (10, 11) to form an opening for guiding one of the warp threads in the correct direction and whose shape is larger than the eyelet (5) of the quilt (1), a guide notch (21, 24, 25, 29) adjacent to the lower part of the arms (15) of the draw bars (10, 11) forms a stop (22) for engaging the eyelet (5) with the bridge (4) (1) is terminated in each of its arms (2, 3) by an eyelet-shaped extension (5) provided with an interruption (7, 8) situated on its lower outer part. Lining heald according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide cut-out (21) of the two rods (10, 11) is semicircular for forming a circular opening during contact of the opposite contact portions (23) of the two rods (10, 11). Lining heald according to claim 1, characterized in that each guide cut-out (24) of the two rods (10, 11) has a drop shape with a gradual lower passage between the stop (22) and the contact part (23) of the lower arm (15). forming a droplet opening upon contact of opposing contact portions (23) of the two rods (10, 11). The lining heald according to claim 1, characterized in that each guide cut-out (24) of the two rods (10, 11) is triangular to form a rhombic or rhomboid-shaped aperture upon contact of opposite contact portions (23) of the two rods (10, 11). ). A lined heald according to a suitable combination of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, characterized in that each drawbar (10, 11) of the tractive heald (9) has each of its hinge feet (12, 13) formed into the hinge (19) in the hinge. a C-shaped, rounded extended end and a drop-like guide slot (24) has a semicircular shape with a gradual transition between the stop (22) and the contact portion (23) of the lower arm (15). Lining heald according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that the passages (28) between the guide slot (24, 25, 29) and the adjacent contact parts (23) and any transitions between the guide edges (26, 27) or the stop ( 22) of the guide slot (24, 25, 29) are rounded. Lining heald according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper hinge foot (12) and / or the lower hinge foot (13) have a thickness relative to the upper arm (14) or lower arm (15) of the draw bars (10, 11). up to three times bigger.