SK285712B6 - Device and method for application of a gluing system - Google Patents
Device and method for application of a gluing system Download PDFInfo
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- SK285712B6 SK285712B6 SK1946-2000A SK19462000A SK285712B6 SK 285712 B6 SK285712 B6 SK 285712B6 SK 19462000 A SK19462000 A SK 19462000A SK 285712 B6 SK285712 B6 SK 285712B6
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/10—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an adhesive surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
- B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
- B05C5/027—Coating heads with several outlets, e.g. aligned transversally to the moving direction of a web to be coated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C9/00—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
- B05C9/06—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying two different liquids or other fluent materials, or the same liquid or other fluent material twice, to the same side of the work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/30—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by gravity only, i.e. flow coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/34—Applying different liquids or other fluent materials simultaneously
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/36—Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
- C09J5/04—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers involving separate application of adhesive ingredients to the different surfaces to be joined
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
- C09J5/08—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers using foamed adhesives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
- B05C5/005—Curtain coaters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L61/20—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
- C08L61/26—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with heterocyclic compounds
- C08L61/28—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with heterocyclic compounds with melamine
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2461/00—Presence of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/582—Recycling of unreacted starting or intermediate materials
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Epoxy Resins (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Ink Jet Recording Methods And Recording Media Thereof (AREA)
- Pens And Brushes (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Oblasť technikyTechnical field
Predložený vynález poskytuje spôsob oddeleného nanášania zložiek lepidla zahŕňajúceho aminoživicu a vytvrdzovaciu zložku na substrát. Vynález poskytuje tiež kompozíciu tvrdiva obsahujúcu prchavú kyselinu, ktorá môže byť použitá pri tomto spôsobe, a zariadenie na uskutočňovanie spôsobu.The present invention provides a method of separately applying adhesive components comprising an amino resin and a curing component to a substrate. The invention also provides a hardener composition comprising a volatile acid that can be used in the method and an apparatus for carrying out the method.
Živičná zložka, výhodne vo forme vlákna, sa výhodne nanáša prvá, a potom sa nanáša vytvrdzovacia zložka. Spôsob môže byť použitý napríklad na výrobu lepených konštrukcií alebo vrstveného dreva.The bituminous component, preferably in the form of a fiber, is preferably applied first, and then the curing component is applied. The method can be used, for example, to produce glued structures or laminated wood.
Doterajší stav technikyBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Oddelené nanášanie zložiek lepidla na substrát, napríklad na kusy dreva, je v odbore známe, a má určité obmedzenia charakteristík použitých zložiek. Uchovávanie rôznych zložiek, často iba živičné a vytvrdzovacie zložky, v nanášacom zariadení oddelene, ponúka rôzne výhody, ako je v odbore známe. Z hľadiska okrem trvanlivosti v nádobe, prevádzke a čistení sa pred nanášaním zmesi uvedených zložiek lepidla dáva prednosť oddelenému nanášaniu uvedených zložiek.Separate application of adhesive components to a substrate, for example to pieces of wood, is known in the art and has some limitations on the characteristics of the components used. Storing the various components, often only the bituminous and curing components, separately in the coating device offers various advantages, as is known in the art. In addition to container durability, operation and cleaning, separate application of said components is preferred to the application of a mixture of said adhesive components.
V EP 362 742 je navrhnuté oddelené nanášanie lepidla na báze aminoživice na drevené diely prostredníctvom clonového nanášania obidvoch zložiek alebo jednej zložky a nanášaním druhej zložky vo forme vlákna. Nie je tu však uvedené žiadne preferované poradie nanášania uvedených zložiek. V uvedenom príklade bolo použité len lepidlo na báze fenolrezorcinol - formaldehydovej živice.EP 362 742 proposes to separately apply an amino resin based adhesive to wooden parts by screening both components or one component and applying the other component in the form of a fiber. However, there is no preferred order of deposition of the ingredients. In the above example, only phenolrezorcinol formaldehyde resin adhesive was used.
WO 97/29161 sa týka dvojzložkového lepidla na výrobu vrstvených drevených dosák, a len všeobecne sa dotýka oddeleného nanášania melamínového lepidla. Nie je tu však navrhnutý ani zvláštny spôsob nanášania, ani špecifické poradie zložiek. Použitá vytvrdzovacia zložka obsahovala 20 - 40 % hmotn. anorganického plnidla.WO 97/29161 relates to a two-component adhesive for the production of laminated wood boards, and only relates generally to the separate application of a melamine adhesive. However, neither a particular application method nor a specific order of the components is suggested. The curing component used contained 20-40 wt. an inorganic filler.
V praxi však bolo zistené, že pri oddelenom nanášaní pri použití iba malého množstva tvrdiva, čo je častý prípad, je ťažké uskutočňovať clonové nanášanie s dobrým výsledkom lepenia, pretože sotva je možné zaistiť spojitú a rovnomernú clonu vytvorenú z pomerne malého prúdu, čo môže viesť k zhoršenému výsledku lepenia a k zníženiu pevnosti lepených spojov. Navyše, clona môže byť ľahko ovplyvnená aj malými poryvmi vetra. Okrem toho bolo zistené, že veľké množstvo plnidla vo vytvrdzovacej zložke, napríklad 20 - 40 % hmotn., bráni dosiahnutiu potrebného premiešania zložiek nanesených na substrát.In practice, however, it has been found that in a separate application using only a small amount of hardener, which is often the case, it is difficult to perform an aperture coating with good bonding results, since it is hardly possible to provide a continuous and even aperture formed from a relatively small current. deteriorated bonding result and reduced bond strength. In addition, the screen can be easily affected by small wind gusts. In addition, it has been found that a large amount of filler in the curing component, for example 20-40% by weight, prevents the necessary mixing of the components deposited on the substrate.
Okrem toho je žiaduce nájsť jednoduché technické riešenie nanášacích systémov na oddelené nanášanie zložiek lepidla, ktoré môžu byť prispôsobené na príslušné lepidlo a požadovaný čas spojovania. Časom spojovania sa rozumie čas, ktorý uplynie od okamihu nanesenia lepidla na substrát do okamihu vzájomného zlisovania lepených substrátov.In addition, it is desirable to find a simple technical solution of the coating systems for the separate application of the adhesive components, which can be adapted to the respective adhesive and the desired bonding time. By bonding time is meant the time that elapses from the moment of application of the adhesive to the substrate until the moment of mutual pressing of the glued substrates.
Podstata vynálezuSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
V súlade s tým predložený vynález poskytuje spôsob nanášania lepidla na báze aminoživice, kompozíciu tvrdiva vhodnú na použite pri tomto spôsobe a zariadenie vhodné na uskutočňovanie tohto spôsobu, ktorými sú prekonané uvedené problémy.Accordingly, the present invention provides a method of applying an amino resin based adhesive, a hardener composition suitable for use in the method, and an apparatus suitable for practicing the method by which the above problems are overcome.
Spôsob podľa vynálezu je definovaný v pripojených nárokoch. Zahŕňa oddelené nanášanie živičnej zložky a vytvrdzovacej zložky lepidla na báze aminoživice na substrát, pričom vytvrdzovacia zložka zahŕňa prchavú kyselinu a voliteľné plnidlo v množstve menšom ako 20 % hmotn., a zložky lepidla sa nanášajú vo forme vlákien alebo striekaním alebo kombináciou týchto postupov vo voliteľnom poradí nanášania.The method according to the invention is defined in the appended claims. It comprises separately applying the resin component and the curing component of the amino resin based adhesive to the substrate, the curing component comprising a volatile acid and an optional filler in an amount of less than 20% by weight, and the adhesive components applied in fiber form or spraying or a combination thereof application.
Aminoživica použitá pri spôsobe podľa vynálezu môže byť akákoľvek aminoživica, napríklad močovina - formaldehyd, melamín - močovina - formaldehyd, melamín - formaldehyd, melamin - močovina - fenol - formaldehyd, a ich typy modifikované furfurylalkoholom, prednostne melamín -močovino -formaldehydová živica.The amino resin used in the process of the invention may be any amino resin, for example urea-formaldehyde, melamine-urea-formaldehyde, melamine-formaldehyde, melamine-urea-phenol-formaldehyde, and their types modified with furfuryl alcohol, preferably melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin.
Podľa tohto spôsobu sa aminoživica a vhodné tvrdivo nanášajú oddelene na drevené substráty. Pri spôsobe sa živičná zložka výhodne nanáša ako prvá, vo forme vlákien, a potom sa nanáša tvrdivo vo forme vlákien alebo alternatívne striekaním. Použitím výhodného poradia nanášania podľa vynálezu je minimalizované akékoľvek poškodenie substrátu, napríklad dreva, vytvrdzovacou kompozíciou.According to this method, the amino resin and the suitable hardener are applied separately to the wood substrates. In the process, the bituminous component is preferably applied first, in the form of fibers, and then applied in the form of fibers or alternatively by spraying. By using the preferred deposition sequence of the invention, any damage to the substrate, such as wood, by the curing composition is minimized.
V závislosti od reaktivity zložiek systému lepidla, požadovaného času spojovania, konkrétnych okolností týkajúcich sa poškodzovania substrátu kyselinou použitou v tvrdive a emisiou pár tejto kyseliny do okolitej atmosféry, napríklad do prostredia na pracovisku, môžu neskoršie nanesené vlákna jednej zložky prekrývať alebo neprekrývať zodpovedajúce vlákna predchádzajúcej nanesenej zložky alebo s nimi nebyť v styku.Depending on the reactivity of the components of the adhesive system, the required bonding time, the particular circumstances of damaging the substrate by the acid used in the hardener and the emission of this acid vapor into the ambient atmosphere, for example the workplace environment, the later applied fibers of one component may overlap or not overlap the corresponding fibers of the previously applied components or not to be in contact with them.
Termín „vlákno“ je tu používaný tiež vo význame termínu „pásik“, tiež používanom v odbore, a iných podobných termínov.The term "fiber" is also used herein to mean "strip", also used in the art, and other similar terms.
Vynález poskytuje tiež kompozíciu tvrdiva definovanú v patentových nárokoch, na použitie v kombinácii s lepidlom na báze aminoživice.The invention also provides a hardener composition as defined in the claims for use in combination with an amino resin based adhesive.
Kompozícia tvrdiva môže byť použitá pri spôsobe podľa vynálezu na získanie rýchlejšie vytvrdzujúceho lepidla a na získanie spojov majúcich vysokú pevnosť.The hardener composition can be used in the method of the invention to obtain a faster curing adhesive and to obtain high strength joints.
Podstatnou zložkou kompozície tvrdiva lepidiel na báze aminoživice je kyselina. Keď sa použije agresívna kyselina, môže zostávajúca kyselina v lepenom výrobku zapríčiniť škodlivé efekty na substrát alebo spoj, znižujúci pevnosť substrátu, a/alebo zmenu farby substrátu kyselinou, čo je veľmi nežiaduce.An essential component of the curing composition of the amino resin based adhesives is acid. When an aggressive acid is used, the remaining acid in the glued product can cause deleterious effects on the substrate or bond, reducing substrate strength, and / or discoloration of the substrate with acid, which is highly undesirable.
Kompozícia tvrdiva podľa vynálezu teda obsahuje prchavú kyselinu, ktorá sa môže odpariť bez toho, aby vo výslednom lepenom spoji zostalo škodlivé množstvo kyseliny, a ktorá tiež dovoľuje použitie pomerne veľkých množstiev kyseliny (a teda tvrdiva) na získanie rýchlo vytvrdzjúceho systému, ak je to potrebné.Thus, the curing composition of the invention comprises a volatile acid that can evaporate without leaving a harmful amount of acid in the resulting adhesive joint, and which also allows the use of relatively large amounts of acid (and hence curing agent) to obtain a fast curing system if necessary .
Zariadenie podľa vynálezu je definované v pripojených nárokoch a môže byť použité na uskutočňovanie spôsobu, pri ktorom sa zložky lepidla nanášajú vo forme vlákien na substrát.The device according to the invention is defined in the appended claims and can be used to carry out a process in which the adhesive components are applied in the form of fibers to a substrate.
Pri spôsobe podľa vynálezu sa vytvrdzovacia zložka tiež môže nanášať ako prvá, a potom sa nanáša živičná zložka, pričom výhodné poradie nanášania je najskôr vytvrdzovacia zložka, a potom nasleduje živičná zložka.In the method of the invention, the curing component can also be applied first, and then the bituminous component is applied, the preferred order of application being first the curing component, followed by the bituminous component.
Vedľa prchavej kyseliny môže tvrdivo tiež obsahovať vodu, zahusťovadlo, rezorcinol a voliteľne pomerne malé množstvo plnidla.In addition to the volatile acid, the hardener may also contain water, a thickener, resorcinol, and optionally a relatively small amount of filler.
Tvrdivo môže byť bez plniva alebo alternatívne môže obsahovať plnidlo v množstve napríklad aspoň 1 % hmotn., výhodne aspoň 5 %.The hardener may be free of filler or alternatively may contain the filler in an amount of, for example, at least 1 wt%, preferably at least 5%.
Kompozícia tvrdiva podľa vynálezu zahŕňa :The hardener composition according to the invention comprises:
- až 50 % hmotn. prchavej kyseliny, výhodne 5 - 30 %, najvýhodnejšie 10-25 %,up to 50 wt. volatile acid, preferably 5-30%, most preferably 10-25%,
- výhodne menej ako 20 % hmotn. plnidla, výhodne menej ako 15 % a najvýhodnejšie menej ako 10 %.preferably less than 20 wt. fillers, preferably less than 15% and most preferably less than 10%.
Množstvo použitého plnidla môže byť prispôsobené konkrétnym podmienkami prípad od prípadu. Nič menej, ako je zrejmé z ďalej uvedeného príkladu 1, s vyšším množstvom plnidla sa javí znížená pevnosť výsledného spoja.The amount of filler used can be adapted on a case-by-case basis. Nothing less than is evident from Example 1 below, with a higher amount of filler, reduced strength of the resulting joint appears.
Vhodným plnidlom je napríklad kaolín.A suitable filler is, for example, kaolin.
Termín „prchavá kyselina“ tu znamená: majúca nízky bod varu a/alebo majúca nízky tlak pár pri pokojovej teplote. Uvedené kyseliny by mali mať tlak menší ako 10 mm Hg pri teplote do 60 °C.The term "volatile acid" here means: having a low boiling point and / or having a low vapor pressure at room temperature. Said acids should have a pressure of less than 10 mm Hg at a temperature of up to 60 ° C.
Vhodné kyseliny sú napríklad organické alebo anorganické kyseliny, pričom organické kyseliny sú preferované. Výhodné organické kyseliny zahŕňajú napríklad kyselinu mravčiu, kyselinu octovú a kyselinu pyrohroznovú. Vhodné anorganické kyseliny zahŕňajú napríklad kyselinu chlorovodíkovú. Výhodne sa používa kyselina mravčia.Suitable acids are, for example, organic or inorganic acids, organic acids being preferred. Preferred organic acids include, for example, formic acid, acetic acid, and pyruvic acid. Suitable inorganic acids include, for example, hydrochloric acid. Preferably, formic acid is used.
Vysoký podiel kyseliny robí lepidlo rýchlo vytvrdzujúce. S použitím prchavej kyseliny, ktorá môže byť ľahko odparená, je možno použiť pomerne veľké množstvo tvrdiva vzhľadom na živicu, napríklad hmotnostný pomer tvrdiva na živicu asi 1 : 6 až 1 : 1, vhodne 1 : 4 až 1 : 1 a prednostne 1 : 3,5 až 1 : 2, ktorý vedie na spoj s vyššou pevnosťou a rýchlo vytvrdzujúccmu systému, ako je zrejmé z uvedeného príkladu 2.The high acid content makes the adhesive quick curing. By using a volatile acid which can be readily evaporated, a relatively large amount of hardener relative to the resin may be used, for example a weight ratio of hardener to resin of about 1: 6 to 1: 1, suitably 1: 4 to 1: 1 and preferably 1: 3 5 to 1: 2, which leads to a joint with a higher strength and fast curing system, as shown in Example 2.
V súlade s tým podľa výhodného uskutočnenia má kompozícia tvrdiva pomerne nízky obsah plnidla, pomerne vysoký obsah prchavej kyseliny a pomerne vysoký pomer tvrdiva k živici, ako je tu uvedené.Accordingly, in a preferred embodiment, the hardener composition has a relatively low filler content, a relatively high volatile acid content, and a relatively high hardener to resin ratio as set forth herein.
Pri spôsobe podľa vynálezu sa živičná zložka a vytvrdzovacia zložka môžu nanášať v akomkoľvek poradí vo forme vlákien alebo striekaním, výhodne sa živica a tvrdivo nanáša vo forme vlákien alebo alternatívne sa tvrdivo môže nanášať striekaním a živica vo forme vlákien, pričom z obidvoch prípadoch sa tvrdivo výhodne nanáša následne po nanesení živice. Výhodne sa oboje nanáša vo forme vlákien.In the process according to the invention, the bituminous component and the curing component can be applied in any order in the form of fibers or by spraying, preferably the resin and the hardener are applied in the form of fibers or alternatively the hardener can be applied by spraying and the resin in the form of fibers. applied after the application of the resin. Preferably both are applied in the form of fibers.
V závislosti od reaktivity zložiek systému lepidla a požadovaného času spojovania sa vlákna jednotlivých zložiek, tvrdiva a živice, môžu nanášať rôznymi spôsobmi vzhľadom na seba navzájom. Tak na málo reaktívne / pomaly vytvrdzujúcc lepidlá a/alebo na krátke časy spojovaniaje vhodné, keď neskoršie nanesené vláknajednej zložky prekrývajú zodpovedajúce vlákna predchádzajúcej nanesenej zložky (zložiek), alebo sa nanášajú v takej vzájomnej blízkosti, že sú navzájom v podstatnom styku. Na vysoko reaktívne / rýchlo vytvrdzujúce lepidlá a/alebo na dlhé časy spojovania je žiaduce nanášať neskoršie nanesené vlákna jednej zložky v určitej vzdialenosti vzhľadom na zodpovedajúce vlákna predchádzajúcej nanesenej zložky (zložiek). Na časy spojovania asi 60 - 120 minút je vhodná vzdialenosť asi 4 - 8 mm medzi vláknami jednotlivých zložiek lepidla, teda tvrdiva a živice, na časy spojovania asi 15 - 60 minút je vhodná vzdialenosť asi 2 - 4 mm, a na časy spojovania do asi 15 minút je výhodné prekrývanie vlákien alebo podstatný styk medzi nimi.Depending on the reactivity of the components of the adhesive system and the desired bonding time, the fibers of the individual components, hardener and resin, can be applied in different ways with respect to each other. Thus, for low-reactive / slow-curing adhesives and / or short bonding times, the later applied fibers of one component overlap the corresponding fibers of the previously applied component (s) or are applied so close to each other that they are in substantial contact with each other. For highly reactive / fast curing adhesives and / or long bonding times, it is desirable to apply the later applied fibers of one component at a distance relative to the corresponding fibers of the previously applied component (s). For bonding times of about 60-120 minutes, a distance of about 4-8 mm between the fibers of the individual adhesive components, i.e. hardener and resin, is suitable, for bonding times of about 15-60 minutes a distance of about 2-4 mm is suitable, and Overlapping or substantial contact between the fibers is preferred for 15 minutes.
Ak je predmetom primárneho záujmu zamedzenie styku vytvrdzovacej zložky so substrátom, napríklad na ochranu substrátu živičnou zložkou, je žiaduce nanášať živičnú zložku tak, že vlákna tvoria spojitú vrstvu na substráte, na ktorú sa navrch následne nanáša tvrdivo vo forme vlákien alebo postriekaním.If it is of primary interest to prevent the curing component from contacting the substrate, for example to protect the substrate with a bituminous component, it is desirable to apply the bituminous component such that the fibers form a continuous layer on the substrate to which the curing agent is subsequently applied.
V prípade nanášania vlákien obidvoch zložiek je výhodné keď sa tvrdivo nanáša navrch vlákien živice, čím sa zamedzí nežiaducemu styku tvrdiva so substrátom a jc zlepšené zmiešanie zložiek.In the case of the coating of the fibers of both components, it is preferable for the hardener to be deposited on top of the resin fibers, thereby preventing unwanted contact of the hardener with the substrate and improving the mixing of the components.
V súlade s tým podľa jedného uskutočnenia spôsobu podľa vynálezu sa tvrdivo nanáša navrch na vlákna živice.Accordingly, according to one embodiment of the method of the invention, the hardener is applied on top of the resin fibers.
Podľa tohto vytvorenia je možné použiť aj tvrdiva, alebo tvrdiva obsahujúce zložku alebo zložky, proti ktorým je potrebné substrát chrániť, bez poškodenia substrátu alebo zhoršenia pevnosti výsledného lepeného spoja.According to this embodiment, it is also possible to use hardeners or hardeners containing the component or components against which the substrate is to be protected, without damaging the substrate or deteriorating the strength of the resulting adhesive joint.
Týmto spôsobom je substrát chránený proti priamemu styku s tvrdivom, čo je často veľmi žiaduce. Priamy styk kyseliny v tvrdive, nanesenom navrch na živičnú zložku na prvom diele substrátu, s ďalším dielom substrátu, ktorý sa má s prvým zlepiť, je obmedzený do istej miery skutočnosťou, že časť kyseliny v čase, keď sa diely uvádzajú do styku a lisujú, už difundovala alebo migrovala do živičnej zložky. Tento spôsob dovoľuje použitie pomerne veľkých množstiev prchavej kyseliny.In this way, the substrate is protected against direct contact with the hardener, which is often very desirable. The direct contact of the acid in the hardener applied on top of the bituminous component on the first substrate portion with the next substrate portion to be bonded to the first is limited to some extent by the fact that part of the acid at the time the parts are contacted and pressed, has already diffused or migrated to the bituminous component. This method allows the use of relatively large amounts of volatile acid.
Opačné poradie nanášania, t. j. najskôr tvrdivo, je tiež možné, nie však najvýhodnejšie. Toto poradie nanášania môže byť použité napríklad ak je žiaduce zamedzenie alebo minimalizovanie emisie pár kyseliny do okolitej atmosféry, napríklad do prostredia na pracovisku, najmä ak nie je použitá kyselina na daný substrát škodlivá. Toto poradie nanášania by mohlo byť tiež výhodné, napríklad v prípade použitia speniteľného systému lepidla, na zamedzenie úniku vyvíjaného plynu do atmosféry.Reverse order of application, i.e. j. first hardener is also possible, but not most preferred. This deposition sequence can be used, for example, if it is desirable to prevent or minimize the emission of acid vapors to the surrounding atmosphere, for example, the workplace environment, particularly if the acid used is not harmful to the substrate. This deposition sequence could also be advantageous, for example in the case of using a foamable adhesive system, to prevent leakage of evolved gas into the atmosphere.
Okrem toho, ak je potrebné, tvrdivo môže byť rozdelené na jedno alebo viac vlákien, ktoré môžu mať rôzne zloženia pokiaľ ide o množstvo prchavej kyseliny a plnidla, a môžu byť nanášané zvlášť.In addition, if necessary, the hardener may be divided into one or more fibers, which may have different compositions in terms of the amount of volatile acid and filler, and may be applied separately.
Vhodné zariadenie, ktoré je možno použiť pri spôsobe podľa vynálezu na nanášanie obidvoch zložiek vo forme vlákien, je zariadenie zahŕňajúce jednotku pozostávajúcu z aspoň dvoch dutých členov, aspoň jedného na každú zložku, vybavených množstvom otvorov, pričom otvory v každom člene sú umiestnené na nanášanie príslušnej zložky na substrát pod dutými členmi pri vytváraní vlákien, pričom duté členy sú umiestnené nad rovinou nanášania, pričom otvory jedného dutého člena sú vyrovnané v pracovnom smere stroja v rade so zodpovedajúcimi otvormi ďalšieho dutého člena (členov). Zariadenie umožňuje nanášanie zložiek lepidla, ako živice a tvrdiva, na substrát, pričom neskoršie nanesené vláknajednej zložky prekrývajú predtým nanesené vlákna ďalšej zložky (zložiek).A suitable device that can be used in the method of the invention for depositing both components in the form of fibers is a device comprising a unit consisting of at least two hollow members, at least one for each component, provided with a plurality of apertures. the substrate components below the hollow members to form fibers, the hollow members being positioned above the plane of application, wherein the holes of one hollow member are aligned in the machine working direction in line with corresponding holes of the other hollow member (s). The device allows the application of adhesive components, such as resins and hardeners, to the substrate, wherein the later applied fibers of one component overlap the previously applied fibers of the other component (s).
Iné zariadenie, ktoré je možno použiť pri spôsobe podľa vynálezu na nanášanie obidvoch zložiek vo forme vlákien, je zariadenie zahŕňajúce jednotku pozostávajúcu z aspoň dvoch dutých členov, aspoň jedného na každú zložku, vybavených množstvom otvorov, pričom otvory v každom člene sú umiestnené na nanášanie príslušnej zložky na substrát pod dutými členmi pri vytváraní vlákien, pričom duté členy sú umiestnené nad rovinou nanášania, pričom otvory jedného dutého člena sú paralelne presadené v pracovnom smere stroja vzhľadom na zodpovedajúce otvory ďalšieho dutého člena (členov). Toto zariadenie umožňuje nanášanie zložiek lepidla, ako živice a tvrdiva, na substrát, pričom neskoršie nanesené vlákna jednej zložky sa nanášajú v určitom odstupe, v závislosti od použitého lepidla a požadovaného času spojovania, vzhľadom na predtým nanesené vlákna ďalšej zložky (zložiek).Another device that can be used in the method of the invention for depositing both components in the form of fibers is a device comprising a unit consisting of at least two hollow members, at least one for each component, provided with a plurality of apertures. the components on the substrate below the hollow members in forming the fibers, the hollow members being positioned above the plane of application, wherein the holes of one hollow member are offset in parallel in the machine working direction with respect to the corresponding holes of the other hollow member (s). This device allows the application of adhesive components, such as resin and hardener, to the substrate, with the later applied fibers of one component being applied at a certain distance, depending on the adhesive used and the required bonding time, relative to the previously applied fibers of the other component (s).
S použitím takéhoto zariadenia, kde sa živičná zložka nanáša prvá, môže byť nanášanie vlákien živičnej zložky ľahko nastavené tak, že sa tieto vlákna pri nanášaní na substrát spojujú a vytvárajú v podstate spojitú vrstvu, na ktorú je možno nanášať tvrdivo vo forme vlákien alebo striekaním.Using such a device where the bituminous component is applied first, the application of the bituminous component fibers can be readily adjusted such that when applied to the substrate, the fibers are bonded to form a substantially continuous layer to which the fiber hardener can be applied or sprayed.
Nanášanie sa výhodne uskutočňuje s množstvami zložiek nanášaných na substrát v rozmedzí 200 - 500 g/m.The deposition is preferably carried out with amounts of components applied to the substrate in the range of 200-500 g / m 2.
Vhodná rýchlosť prísunu materiálu je až asiA suitable material feed rate is up to about
300 m/min., výhodnejšie 30 - 250 m/min., výhodne 60 - 200 m/min. Pri rýchlostiach prísunu pod 30 m/min. je poSK 285712 Β6 trebné počítať s nespojitými vláknami vystupujúcimi z otvorov (takzvané odkvapkávanie).300 m / min, more preferably 30 - 250 m / min, preferably 60 - 200 m / min. At feed rates below 30 m / min. it is necessary to count with discontinuous fibers coming out of the holes (so-called dripping).
Príklady uskutočnenia vynálezuDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Príklad 1Example 1
Bol zhotovený hranol z lamiel majúcich nasledujúce rozmery:A prism was made of slats having the following dimensions:
dĺžka: 280 mm hrúbka: 33 mm šírka: 145 mmlength: 280 mm thickness: 33 mm width: 145 mm
K tvrdivu použitom v tomto príklade obsahujúcom 17 % hmotn. kyseliny mravčej, ktorá bola pridaná do vody, bol ako plnivo pridaný kaolín v uvedenom množstve, pričom množstvo 30 % nepredstavuje príklad podľa vynálezu, a potom bolo tvrdivo zahustené pomocou polyvinylalkoholu na viskozitu 2000 mPas pri 25 °C.The hardener used in this example containing 17 wt. Formic acid, which was added to water, was added kaolin as a filler in the amount indicated, 30% not being an example of the invention, and then hardened with polyvinyl alcohol to a viscosity of 2000 mPas at 25 ° C.
Živica a tvrdivo boli nanášané oddelene vo forme vláken, vo výhodnom poradí, v celkovom množstve 400 g/m. Pomer tvrdiva k živici bol 30 : 100 a použitá živica bola melamín-močovina-formaldehyd.The resin and hardener were applied separately in the form of fibers, preferably in a total amount of 400 g / m 2. The hardener to resin ratio was 30: 100 and the resin used was melamine-urea-formaldehyde.
Pri lisovaní bol použitý čas 20 h, teplota 20 °C, a aplikovaný tlak bol 8 barov.The pressing time was 20 h, 20 ° C, and the applied pressure was 8 bar.
Po zlisovaní a jednom dni stabilizácie spojov bol hranol delaminovaný podľa cyklu EN-391-B 1. Boli získané nasledujúce výsledky.After compression and one day of joint stabilization, the prism was delaminated according to EN-391-B1 cycle. The following results were obtained.
Spoj Obsah spoiidla v tvrdive % delaminácieJoint Saving content in hardening% delamination
Príklad 2Example 2
Bol zhotovený hranol z lamiel majúcich nasledujúce rozmery:A prism was made of slats having the following dimensions:
dĺžka: 280 mm hrúbka: 33 mm šírka: 145 mmlength: 280 mm thickness: 33 mm width: 145 mm
Tvrdivo použité v tomto príklade pozostávalo zo 17 % hmotn. kyseliny mravčej, ktorá bola pridaná do vody, a bolo zahustené pomocou polyvinylalkoholu na viskozitu 2000 mPas pri 25 °C.The hardener used in this example consisted of 17 wt. formic acid, which was added to water, and concentrated with polyvinyl alcohol to a viscosity of 2000 mPas at 25 ° C.
Nanesenie a zlisovanie bolo uskutočnené rovnakým spôsobom ako v príklade 1, s použitím rovnakej živice.The deposition and compression were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, using the same resin.
Po zlisovaní a jednom dni stabilizácie spojov bol hranol delaminovaný podľa cyklu EN-391-B 1. Boli získané nasledujúce výsledky:After compression and one day of joint stabilization, the prism was delaminated according to cycle EN-391-B 1. The following results were obtained:
Spoj Pomer živice/tvrdiva % delaminácieJoint Resin / Hardener% Delamination Ratio
100:15011,5100: 15011.5
100:2012,0100: 2012.0
100:300,0100: 300.0
Spôsob podľa vynálezu je možno použiť tiež na oddelené nanášanie živičnej a vytvrdzovacej zložky speniteľného systému lepidla na báze aminoživice, pričom uvedená vytvrdzovacia zložka je kyslá a živičná zložka zahŕňa jednu alebo viac látok vyvíjajúcich plyn, schopných vytvárania plynu v styku s vytvrdzovacou zložkou. Vhodná živičná zložka obsahuje takúto aspoň jednu látku vyvíjajúcu plyn v množstve 0,1 až 10 % hmotn., počítané ako čistá aktívna forma tejto látky.The method of the invention may also be used to separately deposit a bitumen and curing component of a foamable amino resin based adhesive system, said curing component being acidic and the bituminous component comprising one or more gas generators capable of forming a gas in contact with the curing component. A suitable bitumen component comprises at least one gas generant in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight, calculated as the pure active form of the substance.
Claims (20)
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| SE9802222A SE9802222D0 (en) | 1998-06-22 | 1998-06-22 | Device and method for application of a gluing system |
| US9144098P | 1998-07-01 | 1998-07-01 | |
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| SE9803549A SE9803549D0 (en) | 1998-10-16 | 1998-10-16 | Device and method for application of a gluing system |
| PCT/SE1999/001084 WO1999067028A1 (en) | 1998-06-22 | 1999-06-16 | Method of application |
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1999
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM4A | Patent lapsed due to non-payment of maintenance fees |
Effective date: 20110616 |