SK277743B6 - Coating brown amber glass - Google Patents

Abstract

Coating high-aluminum brown amber glass, suitable especially for automatic machine manufacturing of bottles and coating glass contains 60 to 70 per cent weight of silicon dioxide, 4,0 to 8,5 per cent weight of aluminum oxide, 10 to 15 per cent weight of sodium oxide, 0,5 to 5,0 per cent weight of potassium oxide, 7,0 to 11,0 per cent weight of calcium oxide, 3,0 to 6,0 per cent weight of magnesium oxide, 0,01 to 0,2 per cent weight of sulfuric oxide, 0,01 to 0,2 per cent weight of polysulfide of iron and alkali metals. Total contents of iron expressed as iron oxide is 0,27 to 0,8 per cent weight. Total contents of alkali metals is 11,5 per cent to 15,0 per cent weight of oxides of metals alkali soils is 13,0 to 14,5 per cent weight. Total sum of oxides of alkali metals and metals of alkali soils is 26 to 28 per cent of weight.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to brown amber glass containers which are particularly suitable for automated machine production of glass bottles, e.g. beer, wine, etc. and container glass, e.g. for canning purposes. Container brown amber glass has an increased content of alumina and further contains silica, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ferric and sulfur.

Brown amber glass is produced either as amber glass, in which the brown color is formed by polysulfides of iron, so-called. chromoform formed in the glass by the action of reducing substances during its melting or as a brown glass colored by the addition of manganese compounds. The alumina content in amber glasses is used up to 3% by weight and the iron content, expressed as iron oxide content, up to 0.3% by weight. At higher alumina contents of up to 1% by weight and above, a higher content of iron oxide and / or iron oxide is also introduced and the brown color of the glass is achieved by manganese compounds.

In Czechoslovakia, as stated by Lhota M. in scripts Special glass technology, p. 149, SNTL, Prague 1967, and Stanck J., Kotšmíd F., MullerZ., Civln V. in the Czechoslovak Pat. By the end of the 1950s, green container high-aluminum glasses and also MnO-colored brown container high-aluminum glasses were produced.

The composition of brown container glass in Western Europe as reported by Smrček A. in Glastechnische Berichte 63 no. 10, 309, p. 1990, is as follows in wt. %: silica 71,74 + 1,57, alumina 22,08 ± 0,59 at a maximum of 3,83 for semi-white glass and 0,28 ± 0,07 for brown amber glass, calcium oxide 10,04 ± 0, 14, magnesium oxide 1.96 and 0.91, sodium oxide 12.97 + 0.86, potassium oxide 0.76 ± 0.43, sulfur trioxide 0.1 + 0.07 for green glass and 0.02 ± 0 % For brown amber glass, chromium trioxide 0.17 ± 0.06 for green glass, Σ R ₂ O being 13.71 ± 0.81 wt. Σ RO is 11.99 + 0.95 wt. and Σ R ₂ O + Σ RO is 25.70 ± 0.83 wt%, where Σ R ₂ O is the sum of monovalent alkali metal oxides and Z RO is the sum of the alkaline earth oxides.

The composition of the present green and brown container glass in Eastern Europe as stated by Smrček A. in Glastechnische Berichte in the same source and in Skláf a keramik 35 no. 6, 161, r. 1985, has a higher content of alkali oxides.

The composition of the average glass in% by weight is as follows: 72.03 ± 1.00 SiO ₂ , alumina 1.95 ± 0.70 at a maximum value of 6.14 for semi-white glass, iron oxide 0.35 ± 0.16 for green glass and 0.28 ± 0.09 for brown amber glass, calcium oxide 8.82 ± 1.52, magnesium oxide 1.93 + 1.21, sodium oxide 14.26 ± 0.94, potassium oxide 0.45 + 0 31, sulfur trioxide 0,12 + 0,09 for green glass and 0,02 ± 0,03 for brown amber glass, where Σ R ₂ O is 14,66 + 0,92% by weight, Σ RO is 10, 73 + 0.92 wt. and Σ R ₂ O + Σ RO is 25.47 + 0.97, where Σ R ₂ O is the sum of monovalent alkali metal oxides and the sum of RO is the sum of alkaline earth metal oxides.

The disadvantage of the prior art brown amber glasses is that they have a lower alumina content, which makes it impossible to use rock raw materials or industrial wastes to dispense alkali oxides into these glasses, and at the same time a lower alumina content conditions lower chemical resistance of these glasses.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

These disadvantages are overcome or substantially reduced by the increased amber oxide container amber glass according to the invention, which comprises 60 to 70 wt. % silica, 4 to 8.5 wt. % alumina, 7 to 11 wt. % calcium oxide, 3 to 6 wt. % magnesium oxide, 10 to 15 wt. % sodium oxide, 0.5 to 5 wt. % potassium oxide, 0.27 to 0.8 wt. % iron oxide, 0.01 to 0.2 wt. % of sulfur trioxide and 0.01 to 0.2 wt. iron and alkali metal polysulfides, wherein the total content of sodium and potassium oxide is 11.5 to 15% by weight, the total content of calcium and magnesium oxide is 13 to 14.5% by weight. and the total content of alkali metal oxides and alkaline earth oxides is 26 to 28% by weight.

This optimum chemical composition of the brown amber glass container with an increased content of alumina and within the limits of the total contents of alkali metal oxides and alkaline earth metal oxides allows the use of rock raw materials such as e.g. feldspar, phlox, nephelinitic syenites, basalt, granite, and other industrial waste and their combination, for introducing alkali oxides into the glass, resulting in considerable soda savings at a comparable or lower energy intensity of the production of amber glass currently produced. The increased content of alumina in said glass increases chemical resistance, which is very significant especially in container glasses. The chemical composition of the glass also makes it possible to increase the relative speed of the forming machines.

Usable raw materials can often be introduced into the glass with various accompanying oxides or other oxides which the glass may contain either only in traces or up to a maximum of 1% by weight. % for barium oxide, boron oxide, lithium oxide, 0.5 wt. % for zinc oxide, 0.1 wt. % strontium, manganese, titanium and chromium dioxide, 0.3 wt. % for chloride anions and up to 0.15 wt. for fluoride anions.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

If 1 h d no. 1 2 3

Glass components content in% by weight

silicon dioxide 68,42 64.62 64.60 aluminum oxide 1.5 7:33 7.34 calcium oxide 7.79 8.17 9.31 magnesium oxide 5.24 5. 12 4.1B sodium oxide i l .91 12:34 7.11 Dioxide Dioxide t .11 1.64 3.OS ee the volatile iron content expressed ulcu 12:40 O, S9 12:33 |> M i d r r u 12:05 12:07 0.03 iron pulysutphides u swallowed iucy-metal 0.07 U. 12 II .06 100.00 100.00 100.00 1 h ₂ o 2.13 13.98 14:15 1 RO 3.13 13.29 13:49 XR ₂ O RO 26.05 27,27 27.64 1c / gBTA-2 ^[ ° ^C 1 508 1487 1476 ,, η ,, ΒΤΛ-3 t’o 1236 .122 5 1220 ^ζ 1ο _Β ΤΤ = 7.65 l CJ 756 760 763 'U-logfeTA 555 564 570 ° C cl 1123 1117 1124 CNS * 1 109 112 114 Chemical resistance water (ml 0.01 mol.HCl) 0.60 12:52 12:52

SK 277743 Β6

Example 1 a c Art. Glass components 4 5 content in% 6 the company silicon dioxide 68.38 64.57 64.50 aluminum oxide 5.01 7.33 7:34 calcium oxide 7.79 7.67 9.31 magnesium oxide 5.24 5.12 4.10 nx i d xodal 1 1.81 1 2.34 11.07 drusulný oxide 1.11 1, 64 3 .OR lithium oxide 0.1 0,110 00:00 b> d barium 00:00 12:50 00:00 chloride anion 0 .04 12:05 O, t O cclkcvý obsah expressed as Fe 2 O 3 12:40 12:59 11:33 sulfur trioxide 12:05 O.O7 <J, 03 polysuJťidy železa u swallowed the metal (1.07 0.12 12:06 100.00 100.00 100.00 1 K ₂ o 13.02 13.98 14:35 Σ RO Í3.OJ 13:29 13:49 XR ₂ O <- RO 26,05 27,27 27.64 UwgETA- ⁰¹ 1501) 1486 1476 ^c t <> gin * A-3 l ^U CI 1235 1224 1 220 ^r LMgETA-7.65 ^{, Ocl} 755 760 76 3 ^c LogFTA-13 S54 7611 76 3 • l.quldu. l '> C | 1 120 1117 11 24 A PIECE (%] 109 112 114 Chemical resistance water (ml <). 0l mol.HCJ} 0.60 0.52 0.52

In the above embodiments, Σ R ₂ O represents the total content of monovalent alkali metal oxides and Σ RO the total content of alkaline earth metals, hogETA-2 corresponds to the melting temperature of the glass, t | _og E _{TA = 3} glass droplet temperature, tiogETA.7 ₆₅ Littleton glass softening point temperature at _IogETA . _{3 of the} upper glass cooling temperature, RMS represents the relative speed of the forming machines. Chemical resistance to water was determined according to ČSN 700531 - Determination of glass resistance to water at 98 ° C.

Brown amber glass with an increased content of alumina is suitable for the continuous and periodic melting process in furnaces heated by gaseous, liquid, all-electric furnaces as well as in combined fuel furnaces. Even with an increased content of alumina, ambr-type glass is well colored, and at the same time, rocks and industrial waste can be used to introduce alkali oxides into the feed, thereby saving considerable soda. As the alumina content of the glass increases, the chemical resistance of the glass increases.

The amber glass color is achieved by using carbon-based reducing agents such as e.g. coke, graphite, soot, wood sawdust, organic substances, etc., which burn when melted. E.g. using soot in electric bath ovens, it is possible to achieve an amber color of 0.4 kg of soot per 100 kg of glass, while in furnaces heated with gaseous and liquid fuels the amount of soot can be approximately half, depending on the melting method.

Industrial usability

Brown amber glass is intended for container glass for food purposes, e.g. beer, wine, cider bottles and the like, canning glass for food, for medical purposes, eg. vials, for chemical glassware e.g. chemical bottles, for cosmetic purposes, e.g. Furthermore, it is suitable wherever it is necessary to protect the inner content of the container glass from the effects of light for health, hygiene or chemical reasons. High alumina brown amber glass can be produced using a known amount of reducing agent commonly known in all types of continuous and periodic furnaces with different heating. The glass composition makes it possible to utilize mineral raw materials and suitable industrial wastes containing alkali oxides, which can result in considerable soda savings and energy melting.

Claims (2)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Container brown amber glass suitable, in particular, for the manufacture of bottles and container glass, of increased alumina content, further comprising silica, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and sulfur, characterized in that it contains 60 to 70% by weight . % silica, 4.0 to 8.5 wt. % alumina, 10.0 to 15.0 wt. % sodium oxide, 0.5 to 5.0 wt. % of potassium oxide, 7.0 to 11 wt. % calcium oxide, 3.0 to 6.0 wt. % of magnesium oxide, 0.01 to 0.2 wt. % of sulfur trioxide, 0.01 to 0.2 wt. iron and alkali metal polysulphides, the total iron content expressed as iron oxide being 0.27 to 0.8% by weight, the total alkali metal oxide content is 11.0 to 15.0% by weight, the total alkaline earth metal oxide content is 13.0 to 14.5 wt. and the total content of alkali metal and alkaline earth oxides is 26-28% by weight. 2. The amber glass container of claim 1, further comprising traces of up to 1% by weight. % lithium oxide, traces up to 1 wt. % barium oxide, traces up to 1 wt. % boron trioxide, traces up to 0.1 wt. % strontium oxide, traces up to 0.5 wt. % zinc oxide, traces up to 0.1 wt. % manganese dioxide, traces up to 0.1 wt. % titanium dioxide, traces up to 0.1 wt. % chromium trioxide, traces up to 0.3 wt. % chloride anions and traces up to 0.15 wt. fluoride anions.