SK17695A3 - Plaster mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

The plaster mixture is based on cellulosic material, the purpose of which is to improve in particular the thermal insulation and acoustic properties of the plaster. According to the proposed solution, the plaster composition comprises 8.210 to 8.695 wt. cellulose, 0.869 to 2.105 wt. % cellulose derivative binder, 0.579-3.368 wt. % of the expanded filler, 80.00 to 86.956 wt. % water and 2.898 to 6.315 wt. dye at a surface area of 1 m2 in thickness from 1 mm to 4 mm.

Description

Oblast rechnikv

The invention relates to a cellulose-based plaster composition, particularly suitable for the thermal and acoustic insulation of interiors in residential, industrial, civil construction and in the construction of family houses on any material basis and construction system.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Temperate climatic conditions require heating of buildings most days of the year.

Suitable physical conditions of the interior environment, so-called. thermal comfort is dependent on four indicators, namely: - room temperature t ^ [° C],

- surface temperature of interior areas of rooms t [° C],

-f

- air velocity in [m.s] a

-relative humidity 0 [%].

The temperature of the air in the heated rooms is calculated at t = 20 ° C with thermal comfort. In fact, it may be in the range of 18 to 22 ° C, depending on the surface temperature of the interior surfaces of the room tp. According to an ideal condition, the air temperature in the room together with the surface temperature of the interior surfaces in the room is 38 ° C, i.e. t + tp = 38 ° C. This implies a direct relationship between t ^ and t β to create thermal comfort. Increasing the air temperature by one degree above 20 ° C increases energy consumption by 6%. The inverse relationship is also the case that increasing the surface temperature of the inner surfaces tp by 1 ° C allows the room air temperature to be reduced by 1 ° C, thus achieving heating energy savings of 6%. This relationship is unambiguously stated in the literature on building thermo-technology.

Maintaining the same thermal comfort of interiors, without increasing the temperature of the room air by means of heating resources and saving energy costs can therefore be achieved by increasing the surface temperature of the inner surfaces of the interior _tp the use of suitable thermal insulating material on the interior surfaces, the so-called. warm facings or warm full-surface finishes of interiors, external walls, staircase walls and walls in general.

The plaster mixtures used hitherto, whether traditional or dry, based on mineral grits, sand, lime, cement or gypsum as a binder do not meet these properties. In addition to the disadvantages of the high labor intensity of construction technology processes in their application, the difficulty of machinery, dependence on weather conditions, heavy physical effort in application, high noise during application and production, non-universal to all surfaces of one type, poor thermal insulation properties, acoustic insulation properties and the inability to function as a climatic membrane and considerable environmental contamination in their application, the finished plasters give a feeling of cold, especially in the entrance, staircase and corridor areas and from the interior of the perimeter walls. They are not able to transmit the surface stresses of the base layers (panels based on concrete, wood, plasterboard and others) and in most cases they have to be color treated afterwards.

The processing of raw materials for the production of the components of these plasters is economically and energy intensive and is associated with the formation of undesirable ecological ballast.

The use of wallpapers for interior finishes is completely unsatisfactory in terms of air permeability, transmission of surface tension of the base materials and, in particular, the thermal insulation and acoustic properties.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The aforementioned drawbacks are substantially eliminated by the cellulose-based plaster composition, which consists in containing from 8.210 to 8.695% by weight. % of cellulose, 0.869 to 2.105% by weight. cellulose derivative binders, 0.579-3.368% by weight.

of a lightweight filler, 80.00 to 86.956% by weight. water and 2.898 to 6.315 wt%. dyes at a spread rate of 1 m 2 in a thickness of 1 to 4 mm.

The plaster composition according to the invention consists of natural, commercially available raw materials, obtains its final structure immediately after application and requires no further treatment, including coloring.

The use of secondary raw materials in the production of cellulosic material, which is an essential component of the plaster mixture, positively affects the economic factors associated with its production.

The plaster formed from this mixture breathes perfectly and reliably fulfills the function of a climate membrane, without any visible change in color, texture or other physical properties, evokes a feeling of warmth and a feeling of softness, while being fully resistant to normal pressure damage, is able to transmit stresses from underlying layers of the structure, e.g. panels, prefabricated buildings, concrete, wood or plasterboard walls, without any damage and cracking.

Its versatility and high yield at minimum weight make it suitable for use on all substrates in interiors such as concrete, brick, aerated concrete, VPC plaster, lime painting, plasterboard, wood, particleboard as well as application on light suspended ceilings mobamines, nobaside, isom and Come.

It is known from the literature that an increase in the surface temperature of the inner surfaces tp of 1 ° allows a reduction in the air temperature tp of 1 ° and thus a heating energy savings of 6%. With the plaster composition according to the invention, it is possible to achieve an increase in the surface temperature of the inner surfaces up to 4 ° C, which represents extremely high savings in temperate climate conditions.

From the hygienic point of view, the plaster mixture is absolutely safe. For applications that are totally independent of weather conditions, it requires minimal machinery, with minimal environmental pollution.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1:

The plaster mixture is prepared by mixing 8.403 wt%. sulfinamide bleached short fiber cellulose, 1.328 wt%. % carboxymethylcellulose, 1.113 wt%. of expanded perlite and 86.499 wt% are added. water, mixed with 2.657% by weight. ZnO, as a coloring agent.

The mixture thus prepared is applied by means of a spray gun to a designated area. Color combinations are achieved by multiple dyeing and spraying.

Example 2:

The plaster mixture is prepared by mixing 8.695% by weight.

sulfinamide bleached long fiber cellulose, 2.105 wt%. carboxymethylcellulose; 3.368 wt%. of expanded perlite and make up 80.00% by weight. water, mixed with 5.832% by weight. ZnO, as a coloring agent.

Application and achievement of color effects is the same as in Example 1.

Example 3:

The plaster mixture is prepared by mixing 8.452% by weight.

sulfinamide bleached long fiber cellulose, 1.292 wt%. % carboxymethylcellulose, 1.772 wt%. expanded perlite and make up 85.586% by weight. water mixed with 2,898% by weight. titanium dioxide TiO, as a dye.

Application and achievement of color shades is the same as in Example 1.

Example 4:

The plaster mixture is prepared by mixing 8.526% by weight.

kraft bleached short fiber cellulose, 2,100% by weight.

carboxymethylcellulose, 2.578 wt%. expanded perlite and make up 83.254% by weight. water, mixed with 3.542% by weight. titanium dioxide TiO, as a dye.

Application and achievement of color shades is the same as in Example 1.

One of the indisputable advantages of the plaster composition according to the invention is its high spreading capacity at minimum weights. E.g. at

With a weight of 3.05 kg, the spreading rate is 7 to 10 m, which means that

The plaster weight per m varies from 0.305 kg to 0.43 kg depending on its thickness and is therefore also suitable for surface treatment of light ceilings based on mineral fibers.

Industrial usability

The plaster mixture is, due to its thermal insulation and acoustic properties, intended for fast and cost-effective application on interior surfaces in order to reduce the energy consumption of buildings for heating and to improve thermal comfort. It is designed for the treatment of interiors in a very wide range, both in existing construction and in new buildings, and its application means millions of savings in heating objects.

PATENT CLAIMS

Claims (1)

Cellulose-based plaster mixture, in particular for the thermal and acoustic insulation of interiors in residential and industrial construction, characterized in that it contains from 8.210 to 8.695% by weight. % of cellulose, 0.869 to 2.105% by weight. cellulose derivative binders, 0.579-3.368% by weight. of a lightweight filler, 80.00 to 86.956% by weight. water and 2.898 to 6.315 wt%. dyes with spreading area of 1 m in thickness from 1 mm to 4 mm.