SK132998A3 - Photovoltaic system for a sloping roof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention concerns a photovoltaic system for a sloping roof covered with roof covering panels (11, 12, 13). The system comprises panel-shaped photovoltaic modules (24, 26, 28, 30) which overlap like scales in the crest-gutter direction and lie on top of bearing elements (36, 38) which can be placed in the crest-gutter direction. To create a photovoltaic system which can be built in modular form into a roof covering consisting of small roof covering panels, it is proposed that: the width of a photovoltaic module (24, 26, 28, 30) should equal an integral multiple of the system coverage width of the roof covering panels (11, 12, 13); the length of a photovoltaic module (24, 26, 28, 30) should be greater than the greatest coverage length; the surface provided with photovoltaic cells should be shorter than the shortest coverage length of an adjacent roof covering panel (11, 13); one of the bearing elements should be provided with a stay (94) to brace a bearing element (90) closer to the crest on the bearing element (88) closer to it in the gutter direction at a height above the surface of the photovoltaic module (28) so as to be capable of sliding longitudinally; and an underlying covering element (32, 34) should be provided with a water course which can be positioned below the longitudinal edge of a photovoltaic module.

Description

Photoelectric system for pitched roof

Area, techniques

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an inclined roof photoelectric system, covered with roofing tiles and comprising support elements extending in the direction from the ridge to the eaves, arranged scaled with an overlap, the support elements receiving photoelectric modules comprising photoelectric cells and contacting each other with one another; with adjacent roofing tiles whose length is greater than the largest covering length of the roofing tile and whose width is greater than the modular covering width of the roofing tiles.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A photovoltaic system of this kind is known, for example, from DE 94 09 453.9 U1. In this system, the photoelectric modules are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the roof and overlapping with each other in the flake. In the following description, the longitudinal direction is taken from the ridge to the gutter and the transverse direction means the direction parallel to the gutter or roof ridge. In this known solution, the supporting elements are wooden profile strips, laid in the direction from the ridge to the eaves, located at their ridge end on one roof lattice and at their eaves end on a wooden lath, parallel to and adjacent to the roof battens. The wooden strips protrude above the upper edges of the roofing materials by approximately the thickness of the photoelectric module. The timber strips are provided on their upper side with a recess extending in the longitudinal center plane, so that when placed under the butt contact of two adjacent photoelectric modules, these recesses serve to drain rainwater penetrated through the joint. A disadvantage of this known system is that it is necessary to place additional wooden profile rails parallel to the roof battens and that securing hooks are required to secure the gutter ends of the photoelectric modules against wind tearing.

A photoelectric system for sloping roofs covered with roofing tiles is also known from EP-A-0 549 560. The photoelectric system comprises frame support elements which are laid on the roof structure in the direction from the ridge to the eaves with a flare interference. One plate photoelectric module comprising photoelectric cells and having a length greater than the largest covering length of the roofing tile and a width greater than the modular covering width of the roofing tile may be mounted on each support element.

The lateral longitudinal edges of the support element are usually formed in the form of drainage rebates and cover rebars, which are commonly used in roofing tiles. In this construction, the supporting elements and roofing elements can be stacked in a row parallel to the roof gutter in such an arrangement that the supporting element with the longitudinal edge formed in the form of a cover rebate overlaps the adjacent lateral longitudinal edge of the adjacent supporting element or the adjacent roofing. board. With this known photoelectric system, it is not possible to fit the photoelectric modules to the stop.

FR-A-2 354 430 discloses a photoelectric module, provided in its part facing the eaves with solar cells, while its end section facing the roof ridge is not fitted with solar cells. The photovoltaic modules are laid with a flaky overlap in the direction from the gutter to the roof ridge, whereby one photoelectric module, with its ridge-facing end section, is mounted directly on the roof lattice running parallel to the ridge and overlaps with the section of the adjacent photovoltaic module. facing the gutter and carrying solar cells. The photoelectric module is supported by its gutter end always on the lower photoelectric module, located in the direction from the ridge to the gutter, on its section without solar cells. The photoelectric modules are not attached to the roof battens on the sides facing the ridge, so that each batten must be equipped with a hook surrounding the ridge side of the battens and the ridge end of the photoelectric module. The hooks extend between the flaky overlapping photoelectric modules and also encircle the eaves end of the protruding upper photoelectric module. In this arrangement, the hooks prevent the overlapping photoelectric modules towards the eaves.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a photoelectric system of this kind which can be stored as a modular system integrated into a roof covering of small-format roofing tiles or tiles, and which can also be fitted retrofitted to an already covered roof without the possibility of replacing the photoelectric modules without mounting work on the fastening system should be ensured.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This object is achieved by the photoelectric system according to the invention, which consists in providing a support on the support element, on which the upper support element, closer to the ridge, is displaceably mounted longitudinally displaceably from the two support elements, to the gutter facing adjacent support element at a height above the surface of the photoelectric module disposed thereon. The width of the photoelectric module is equal to the multiple of the modular covering width of the roofing tile, the length of the area fitted with the photoelectric cells on the photoelectric modules in the direction from the ridge to the eaves is less than the shortest covering length of the adjacent roofing tiles. The photoelectric module is always provided on the side facing the ridge with a marginal section without photoelectric cells, and on the support element and under the photoelectric module there is a supporting roof element equipped with a drainage channel running under the longitudinal edge of the photoelectric module.

To store the first photoelectric module, it is first necessary to lay at least two support elements running in a row parallel to the eaves and directed from the ridge to the eaves. The lowermost support element in one slope is fastened by its ridge end section to the first roof late, while its gutter end section overlaps the roofing tile adjacent to it in the direction of the gutter, and is secured, for example, by a securing hook against the effects of a storm. then deposited on the upper side Another support element, located in the same gravity line, but located closer to the ridge, is joined at the gutter end with the support of the lower support element, and at its ridge end a third roof late, which is still located closer to the ridge. The support element closer to the ridge is supported at a height distance above the surface of the first photoelectric module, so that it can be displaced towards the eaves to compensate for the difference in pitch of the supporting roofing materials without contacting the first module.

roof late. First first support element.

The support member closer to the ridge is positioned so that its ridge end section can be secured to the third roof latch and its gutter end overlaps the end section of the lower photoelectric module facing the ridge. Thus, the cover gutter end section of the support member located closer to the ridge prevents the first photoelectric module from being lifted away from the lower support member. A second photoelectric module is then placed on two adjacent parallel supporting members, located closer to the ridge, which flakyly overlaps the ridge end section of the first photoelectric module.

The photovoltaic modules mounted on the load-bearing elements in a row parallel to the eaves can be abutted on top of one another or onto adjacent roofing tiles. At this point, a joint is formed at each contact point, which must be sealed against the ingress of rainwater. In the photovoltaic system according to the invention, therefore, supporting roof elements are placed on the support element and below the photovoltaic module, the drain channels of which are located below the longitudinal edge of the photovoltaic module. The supporting roof elements can be formed, for example, of a thin plastic material and, in the simplest case, can be shaped as drainage channels of the cross-section U.

Due to their dimensions, the photoelectric modules of this photoelectric system can be laid instead of several roofing tiles of conventional design. Preferably, the length of the photoelectric modules corresponds to the length of the roofing tiles. Since the covering width of concrete roofing tiles is usually 30 cm and the baked clay roof tiles are 20 cm, the width of the photoelectric modules should be equal to 60 cm or multiples of this basic dimension. For example, the width of the photoelectric module may be chosen to be equal to the covering width of four concrete roof tiles or six clay tile roof tiles, so that the dimensions of the photoelectric module to 38 cm x 120 cm are based on this requirement. Thus, an area of 25 cm x 114 cm can be covered with photoelectric elements, leaving a 3 cm wide free edge on the longitudinal sides, 2 cm on the edge facing the eaves and 11 cm on the edge facing the gutter. Such a photoelectric module fitted with silicon cells produces an electrical power of about 35 W. The generator unit should comprise at least 20 photoelectric modules.

In the pre-arranged arrangement of roofing tiles, these tiles are offset by half the width of the covering relative to the tiles placed in an adjacent row towards the eaves or ridge. If a plurality of photoelectric modules are laid in the direction from the eaves to the ridge with a scaled overlap, then these modules are also offset at each row by half the covering width of the roofing tiles, i.e. about 10 cm to 15 cm at the point of attachment to the pre-installed roofing. . Since the support elements can be placed in any transverse direction at any location, it is also possible to mount in a single line, for example in areas corresponding to quarters of width, without having to make edge alignments with roofing tiles or tiles.

The pitches of the roofing materials can vary in particular embodiments of the roof depending on the slope of the roof surface and the resulting need for overlapping of the roofing elements. The greatest overlap and hence the shortest covering lengths occur in roofs with low pitch angle. In order for the photoelectric system to become part of any roof, it is advantageous if the surfaces on the upper side of the photoelectric module are not provided with photoelectric cells longer than the smallest possible covering length. This avoids overlapping the photoelectric cells, which could, in extreme cases, occur if the photoelectric module adapted to greater covering lengths in some cases had to be laid on a roof with shorter covering lengths. This system is therefore very convenient to use and can also be stored by yourself without the help of professional staff.

The installation of the photoelectric system is particularly simple if the upper side of the element is located at a height above the upper plane of the lower load-bearing roof structure, which is at least equal to the height of the drainage rebate of the adjacent roofing tile so that the edge of the photoelectric module adjacent the drainage rebate of the roofing tile or tiles. it overlaps the drainage rebate and the edge of the photoelectric module adjacent to the cover rebate of the roofing tile, abuts the rib covering the cover rebate and thus forms a connection to the stop.

The photoelectric system can be particularly easily incorporated into a pitched roof covering consisting of flat roofing tiles made of concrete or clay. Flat profiled or planar concrete roofing tiles are usually 42 cm long, 33 cm wide and 2.2 cm thick and have a covering width of 31 cm to 34 cm depending on the pitch of the pitched roof. The height of the drainage rebate bottom above the lower edge of the tile is 1.2 cm, so that the photoelectric module can be laid on the top of the roofing tiles or tiles.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the support is located at the ridge end on the upper side of the support element.

Placing and replacing the modules is possible without tools if, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the support element is provided at its gutter end with a bearing surrounding the lower edge of the photoelectric element and the clear width between the bearing edge and the support is at least equal to the length of the photoelectric module. In this way, during installation, the photoelectric module can be moved away from the roof ridge until it is slid onto the supports provided on the support elements, then they are mounted on these supports and moved further towards the eaves until they are inserted into the lower receptacles. The photoelectric module is removed in reverse order. It will be understood that a retaining element forming a bearing and enclosing the gutter end of the support element may also be formed on the module. The electrical connections of the photoelectric cells are preferably provided with plug connections.

It is not necessary to particularly secure the photoelectric system against stormy winds if the support element is formed in the form of a pin-like connection element extending into the longitudinal slot at the underside of the supported support element in order to prevent the supported support element from being lifted.

The photoelectric modules of the photoelectric system are particularly flat if they are formed without a peripheral frame.

For sealing the photoelectric module, the underside of which is smooth, it is advantageous if, according to yet another preferred embodiment of the invention, the supporting roof elements extend over the entire width of the photoelectric modules and have an edge facing the eaves, an edge formed with a snow and rainproof seal. overlapping region of two adjacent photoelectric modules. Since there is a gap of about 1.2 cm wide between the roofing tiles of about 2.2 cm in the area of overlap of two flaky-laid modules of about 1 cm, the roof support element can be used to seal this joint.

This seal is effective against water penetration if the support roof element is provided with vent holes at its edge facing the eaves. These openings may be followed by a labyrinth seal which also prevents blown snow from entering. However, the air flow is maintained so that a cooling air flow can flow along the underside of the photoelectric module. This avoids strong heating and associated power reduction of the photoelectric module. Preferably, the heated air emerging at the ridge edge extends along the underside of the support roof element such that the heated air does not come into contact with other photoelectric modules on its path up to the ridge.

Overview of the figures in the drawing

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings, in which: 1 is a plan view of a photoelectric system, FIG. 2 is a vertical section along the line II-II of FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the photoelectric system of FIG. First

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In FIG. 1 is a plan view of an inclined roof in an unfolded state, covered with partially flat roof slabs 11, 12, 13 made of concrete. In rows 14, 16, 18,

20, 22 of these roofing elements are laid the photoelectric modules 24, 26, 28, 30 .. In the third row 18, the supporting roof elements 32, 34 are shown in a section not covered by the photoelectric modules, and in the fourth row 20 are shown in the first assembly. the support members 36, 58 fastened at their ends facing the roof ridge at the roof late 40. The support members 36, 38 are supported at their ends facing the roof gutter on the lower support members 42, 44 extending in the same slope, and adjoining the gutter with the upper support members 36, 35, the lower support members 42, 44 being supported at their ridge ends on the roof battens 45 disposed underneath. The support roof members 32, 34 have a width equal to approximately half the width of the photoelectric modules 24, 26, 25, 30 and have at their edge, which is in the example of FIG. 1 shown on the left, the drainage grooves 48 formed for draining water. The two photoelectric modules 24, 25, arranged side by side in the second row 15, contact each other as far as possible. The second photoelectric module 26 is mounted by its second, in FIG. 1, at the outer edge of the drainage channel of the adjacent roofing tile 12, while the first photoelectric module 24 abuts, at its other end, buttly on the covering rib of the adjacent roofing tile 13. Under these joints having interface joints, drainage channels are provided. water formed on the supporting roof elements, which in this example are not visible under the photoelectric modules 24, 26 and which are identical to the design of the supporting roof elements 32, 34, visibly mounted in the third row 15. For the photoelectric connection of the individual photoelectric modules 24, 26, 25, 30 serve with each other and with other modules (not shown) 55, which are connected to the individual modules by means of plug connections.

In FIG. 2 is a section along II-II in FIG. 1 a second row of 16 roof elements of the roof. In this example, a first roofing tile 13 is provided to the left, which is provided on its right side with a cover rebate 52 with an upper cover rib. The first roofing tile 13 is then adjoined by a supporting roof element 54, provided with a narrow raised notch 56 in the sheet on its left longitudinal edge, abutting the lower surface of the cover rib on the upper side of the cover rebate 52, while the free end of the fin 52 above the cover rebate. is located above the drain channel 58 of the first support roof element 54. The first support element 54 extends in its transverse direction to the first support element 62, fixed approximately in the center of its width to the roof battens 60 and housed within the upwardly extending rib rib 64 having a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape formed approximately in the center of the first support element 5Α. which is sliding in the transverse direction. The first support roof element 54 then overlaps with its peripheral ridge rib 66 a narrowly raised notch 68 at the left longitudinal edge of the second support roof element 70, which is connected in the same manner to the second element 72.

In order to maximize the expansion of the two adjacent supporting roof members 54, 70 in the transverse direction, the second supporting roof member 70, when placed in a position parallel to the roof gutter, is pulled to the right so that the second narrow raised ridge 68 is received within the cavity of the rim. 66 of the first supporting roof element 54, abutting directly on the right side surface of the rim 66 of the first supporting roof element 54. On both support elements 62, 72 a first photoelectric module 24 is disposed which abuts on the left side to the stop rib over the covering rebate. 52 of the first roofing sheet 13 and on the right side of the adjacent photoelectric module 26. To the right of the second support roof element 70 is a third support roof element 74 positioned as described above. above the drainage channel 76 of the third support roof element 74.

To the right of the third support roof element 74, similar to the preceding elements, is a fourth support roof element 78, which abuts with its right side rib 80, formed on the right longitudinal edge, on a drainage rebate 82 with two grooves formed in the lower edge of the second roof covering. boards 12.

The third and fourth support roof members 74, 78 are covered by the second photoelectric module 26.

Since the first three support roof members 54, 70, 74 are stacked with maximum expansion, and since the fourth support roof member 78 abuts against the second roof tile 12, the length of the overhang of the fourth support roof member 78 is reduced by the width of the drainage rebate 82. a second roofing tile 12 as at maximum extension. On placement, the fourth support roof member 78 is therefore displaced by the width of the drainage rebate 82 in a direction parallel to the roof gutter to the left, so that its narrow raised ridge 86, housed within the wider edge rib 84 of the third support roof member 74, abuts directly on the roof. Thus, the covering width of the supporting roof members 54, 70, 74, 78 can easily be adapted to any construction condition.

Fig. 3 shows the photoelectric system of FIG. 1 in a longitudinal section along the plane III-III, in which only two photoelectric modules 28, 30 are shown in this example.

These are mounted on support members 88, 90. At the eaves end, a U-shaped bearing 92 is formed, which is shown at the second support element 90 and which surrounds the end of the second photoelectric module 30 facing the eaves. Each of the support elements 88, 90 is supported by its ridge end on the roof latches 46, 40 and is tightly screwed thereto. At the drip end of the second support element 90, as in all other support elements, the same displaceable support is formed, which is, for example, formed by a first support 94 at the ridge end of the first support beer 88. a support 96 for receiving the gutter end of another non-illustrated carrier beer that overlaps the second carrier element 90.

The second support element 20 closer to the roof ridge is supported at a height at least equal to the thickness of the photoelectric module 28. In this arrangement, the second support element 90 closer to the roof ridge can be mounted on the lower support element 88. on which the first photoelectric module 28 is already mounted, displaced in the direction of the eaves until its eaves end section overlaps the lower photoelectric module

28. The upper photoelectric module 30 disposed on the second ridge-facing support element 90 overlaps the lower photoelectric module 28 at a distance therefrom, with its gutter end section, which is conditional upon the gutter end section of the second ridge-facing support element 90, overlapping the edge portion of the lower support member 28 faces the ridge.

Claims (8)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. An inclined roof photoelectric system, covered with roofing tiles and carrying support elements extending in the direction from the ridge to the eaves, stacked in a flake-like manner with overlapping one another, the support elements containing photoelectric modules comprising photoelectric cells and contacting each other with or adjacent roofing tiles whose length is greater than the largest covering length of the roofing tile, and whose width is greater than the modular covering width of the roofing tiles, characterized in that a support (94) is provided on the support element (88,90), on which of the two support elements (88, 90) mounted in the same catch line, a longitudinally displaceable upper support element (90) is disposed longitudinally closer to the ridge, on a lower, eaves facing adjacent support element (88) at a height above the surface the photoelectric module (28) stored thereon, the width of the photoelectric mod ulu (24, 26, 28, 30) is equal to the multiple of the modular covering width of the roof tile (11, 12, 13), the length of the area fitted with the photoelectric cells on the photoelectric modules (24, 26, 28, 30) The gutter is smaller than the shortest covering length of adjacent roofing tiles (11, 12, 13), the photoelectric module (24, 26, 28, 30) always having a border section without photoelectric elements on the side facing the ridge and on the support element (62). 1) and below the photoelectric module (24) there is a supporting roof element (54) provided with a drain channel (58) extending below the longitudinal edge of the photoelectric module (24). Photoelectric system according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper side of the support element (36, 38) is located at a height above the upper plane of the lower load-bearing roof structure that is at least equal to the bottom of the drainage rebate (82) of the adjacent roofing tile ( 12) and the side of the adjacent roofing tile (12) provided with a drainage treatment and adjacent to the stored photoelectric module (82) has an overlapped drainage groove (82) and a photoelectric module (24) adjacent to the covering side of the adjacent roofing tile (12). ), abuts against the rib covering the cover rebate (52) from above. Photoelectric system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support (94) is located at the ridge end on the upper side of the support element (88). Photoelectric system according to claim 1, characterized in that the support element (90) is provided at its gutter end with a support (92) surrounding the lower edge of the photoelectric element (30) and a clear width between the support edge (92) and the support (96). is at least equal to the length of the photoelectric module (30). Photoelectric system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the support (94) of the support element (88) is in the form of a pin-shaped connecting element extending into a longitudinal slot at the underside of the supported support element (90). 90). Photoelectric system according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the photoelectric modules (24, 26, 28, 30) are designed as frameless elements. Photoelectric system according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the supporting roof elements (32, 34) extend over the entire width of the photoelectric module and have a gutter-facing edge formed with a snow and rain-proof seal located in the overlapping area of two adjacent photoelectric modules (28, 26 or 30, 28). Photoelectric system according to claim 7, characterized in that the supporting roof element (32, 34) is provided with ventilation openings at its gutter edge.