SK100793A3 - Element for sealing and monitoring a body, in particular fuse dump - Google Patents

Abstract

An element for sealing and monitoring a body (1) comprises two seals (4, 5) separated from each other by supporting elements (6) with at least one open channel (7) between them. One or more sensors (18) are arranged at the outlet openings of the channel (7). The seals (4, 5) are connected to each other at their edges. The supporting elements (6) consist of a material which is permeable but resistant to the flow, preferably a material whose flow resistance perpendicular to the channel (7) is less than that parallel to the channel (7). The position of a leak (29) can be detected by two sensors (18) which, in a refuse dump, also determine wether the leak (29) is located in the lower or the upper seal (4, 5).

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to an element for sealing and inspecting a body. It also touches on the arrangement or field of such elements. It is mainly used for sealing and controlling waste dumps.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

From Simens Prospectus Deponi e-Langzeituberwachung mi t LEOS, Bestell-Nr. A 19100-U653-A222, July 1990, is a known device for sealing waste deposition as well as knowing the leakage site leakage. In doing so, it should be remembered that the waste deposition is provided with a water-impermeable foil, a sealing strip (mainly made of plastic) or a sealing. This seal can be arranged under the waste body (foundation seals) so that no pollutants can enter the groundwater. However, the seal may also be located above the waste body (surface seal) to prevent rainwater from penetrating and thus polluting the waste with the waste. In order to identify the leak in the seal in a timely manner, the position in the device is provided with so-called LEOS hoses, namely on the side of the seal facing away from the waste body. LEOS hose. which are laid meanderingly, are filled with air and their walls, which are permeable to the various substances present in the depot, are connected to the perion in the 4 x " TO ". s

.. Ji Ui. X .i _Z '* 4. * The waste body is damaged by the detection of substances dissolved above the waste body by the detection of protruding

Uu I G3 νΠΟ’ναΠ 1 LiucSucu í ô. The púu locates the leaking water in it. And when the damaged place in it sludge gases.

LEOS hoses and equipment. These are known from DE-PS 24 31 907. This is a hose which is permeable to pollutants. A pump is provided at the end of the hose, by means of which a single volume of medium, for example individual volumes of gas, is conveyed through the hose over time. In this way, the hose is purged at regular intervals, at a constant purging frequency, for a long time, that is, at the other end of the hose, there are sensors that are sensitive to pollutants. If this pollutant reaches the pollutant, it enters the hose both inside and outside the hose; this is the next time the sensor is pumped. Since the medium flows at a known velocity, the location at which the pollutant enters the hose between the two punctures can be accurately determined from the difference between the moment the pump is switched on and the moment the sensors react. In addition, the amount of pollutant can be determined.

If the leak in the seal does not occur directly near the LEOS hose, the effluent to be detected is distributed over a large area before it enters the LEOS hose. At different propagation speeds in this area, the fabric can reach the LEOS hose at several places simultaneously. Also, the substance to be detected can reach the LEOS hose at a location which is relatively far from the leakage site. Moreover, the fabric may strike a relatively large section of the hose between two replacements and diffuse. Then it can only be stated that leakage occurs somewhere within this range. The determination of the leakage point may then show relatively large errors. With the known device, leakage in the seal cannot always be accurately located. Otherwise, the installation of the seal and the LEOS hose requires two working steps.

The invention is based on the basic knowledge that it makes sense to provide enhanced protection by means of a double barrier. This would be useful as near the deposition surface. Further, the arrangement by the measuring technique or the leakage and where the sealing of the foundations is also based on the consideration that it makes sense, is designed so that it is possible to detect that or that barrier has a location of this leakage location.

sets the basic role and control of the body, using exactly the point of leakage and ensured a double element has a fast and reliable

The invention sealed at both localized two leakage barriers.

state the element to which the protection would be applied.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This object is achieved according to the invention by an element comprising two seals spaced apart by means of supporting elements, wherein at least one channel is provided between the seals and the supporting elements, which has an inlet opening and an outlet for the medium and towards the outlet opening. at least one sensor can be connected that both seals are left inlet

T ?. ' and that the support elements consist of a flow-permeable but flow-preventable material.

With this element, the advantage is obtained that the substance to be detected upon the occurrence of a leak in one of the seals leads to a channel in a defined manner. The substance does not flow through the surroundings, whose structure is unknown, the lie penetrates through the supporting elements to the channel. Resistance of support elements or cavities in support elements

OV'¾-i i, i πχίΊΗοπ i i i i ď v> v · o i r 2? and ♦ * -> what the porous element constant. The ingressed substance is first discharged from the leakage point in the seal by the shortest route, namely perpendicular to the channel. into the channel. Only then does the penetrated substance reach the adjacent sites. Between the occurrence of a leak and the following3 .1.

^By rinsing, a channel distribution with a maximum is generated in the channel, indicating the leak point during rinsing and detection. With a low flow resistance of the support element, the time differences between the penetration of the straight path and the slightly longer path are very small. Thereafter, a broad, flat distribution of the substance, the maximum of which cannot be known, could be formed in the period between the occurrence of a leak and subsequent flushing in the duct. However, since according to the invention the support elements consist of a flow-inhibiting material, the penetrated substance moves in the support element so slowly that the time difference of penetration at different points of the channel even at a small path difference is measurably large. In the time period between leakage and subsequent rinsing, at a predetermined flushing frequency, only a narrow steep distribution of substances can be formed in the channel, the maximum of which can be well known by the sensor. Subsequently, it is easy to determine at which point the substance first reached the channel. The leak must then lie on a line perpendicular to this point in the channel.

Only a sensor for a particular substance may be provided or sensors for different substances may be used.

By means of the element according to the invention, a leak in the seal can be well located.

By means of a rigid joint of the gasket and the channels, the element according to the invention can be placed quickly in only one working step.

If different substances can be expected to occur under and above the placed element, depending on the type of substance detected, it can be deduced whether the leak is in the upper or lower gasket. The type of substance is detected using suitable sensors. For example, an element according to the invention may seal the waste deposit. Then a leak in the upper seal away from the depot body could be inferred from the ingress of almost pure water.

For example, the channel may be formed by a permeable hose. A hose known from DE 24 31 907 may be suitable.

According to another embodiment, the channel in the element of adjacent support elements may be permeable diffusion layers. Then no hose is required.

The hose may be surrounded by filler material. As a filler material or as a component of the support elements, a drying agent can be used to remove residual moisture in the element. This can improve the accuracy of the measurement of moisture entering the leak. For example, a moisture sensor is used to determine water ingress.

According to a further embodiment perpendicular to the channel, the operating elements exhibit less flow resistance than in a direction parallel to the channel. Thereby, the advantage can be achieved that a substance which has leaked into the support element through a leak into the support element expands instead of being circularly elliptical. The large axis of the ellipse is oriented perpendicular to the channel. Consequently, an even steeper distribution of the substance is achieved in the channel than with the use of a homogeneous flow-inhibiting material as a support element, a material which permits the same flow rate in all directions. This also makes it possible to determine a more precise location of the leak.

For example, the material of the support elements which has less flow resistance perpendicular to the channel than in the horizontal direction of the channel may be a perpendicular to the channel oriented fabric. However, the material of the support elements can also be formed from perpendicular to the channel oriented capillaries, tubes or the like.

Both seals may be on their edges on the side of the channel end, but also there. where no channels end, tightly connected by the profile crossbows. Such profile pieces are easy to operate. However, both seals may be together

Select.

The inlet and outlet for the medium flowing through the channel can be connected to each other to form a circuit. The sensor and pump are then arranged in the circuit. Unless there is a leak, the medium flowing through the channels may not be continuously renewed.

The circuit, for example, has a closable feed opening and a closable drain. The circuit should be fully or partially closed between the drain hole and the power hole. If necessary, the medium can then be fed and withdrawn. The circuit may be interrupted so that the entire feed medium can be drained again. Instead, with a partially closed connection between the inlet and the inlet, only part of the medium in the circuit can be replaced.

For example, a filter is then provided in the inlet or bypass of the inlet to remove substances that have leaked into the circuit. Such a filter may be a catalytic filter. Especially when the filter is arranged in a bypass, the filter can be replaced or cleaned without affecting circuit integrity. In certain circumstances, the substances that are removed by means of a filter are purified. The filter can be connected to the cleaning device and the sensor for Purpose Purpose only to allow a sensitive integral measurement.

In addition to the instantaneous determination of the ingress of the pollutants by the sensor, the carrying of the pollutants between the two filter changes can also be detected as described above. In the event of a sensor failure, at least one leak can be detected between the two filter changes

The filter may be provided with heating to clean the filter of retained substances. This heating is used to release the retained substances by heating. The filter can also be supplied with water vapor or water. In this way, the substances retained in the filter can be released again.

Advantageously, a plurality of said sealing and inspection elements may be tightly joined together to form a field. In this case, the channel outlet of one element is connected to the channel outlet of the other element. Such an arrangement achieves the advantage that no large, large cover element, which is difficult to transport and difficult to handle, is necessary to seal a large area, such as a waste deposit. The advantage is achieved that the unitary, easy-to-use elements make a rapid field by simple means which can fulfill the task of a very large element for sealing and checking the body.

For example, adjacent elements can be welded together to form a field, but they can also be joined in other ways. For example, the profile piece, which is arranged on the edge of the element and secures both seals of the element, may also comprise a device for fastening the seal of an adjacent element. Thus, only the sealing profile piece is located between two adjacent elements. A weld seam may then be required to ensure a particularly tight connection.

The channels of adjacent elements may be connected to one another, for example, by a bolt connection. However, other types of connection may also be used, such as by welding.

Individual elements can be joined to form an array so that only one channel passes through the entire array. passing through the meandering field. The entire field then only has an inlet and outlet and only needs one common sensor for all elements, which can also be designed as a double sensor, for example for water and methane gas.

By means of the element according to the invention, the advantage that it is achieved is achieved

No 2aCn / b s one of its seals can be accurately located. In addition, by detecting it, it is possible to know what substance has entered, whether the detected substance is getting out of the controlled volume outside. This requires sensors for different substances or more sensors for different substances, for example pollutants or gases such as raethane gas and water.

Overview of the figures in the drawing

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. show FIG. 1 shows a deposition for waste sealed up and down, wherein the flexible field is made up of sealing elements and control elements; FIG. 2 shows a section through an element according to the invention.

Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of an element according to the invention, FIG. 4 shows a channel design for connecting two elements in a view rotated from FIG. 2 by 90 DEG, FIG. 5 shows a connection without making channels between two adjacent 'obi' elements. 6 shows a multi-element array with a respective device for operation, and FIG. 7 shows a flow pattern which originates from a leak point in one element.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

According to FIG. 1, the waste deposition is sealed upwards and downwards by the deposition body 1 by a device according to the invention. This device comprises an upper field F1 and a lower field F2 of controllable double seals, hereinafter referred to as elements 2. These elements 2, which each have two parallel longitudinal channels, are now connected together at the connection points 50. The upper field F1 is used to check water entering from above into the body. and the outlet of the gas from the depot from the waste body 7 upwards, and the corresponding leak location is located. By means of the lower field F2, the outlet of the gases from the depot from the waste body 6 is checked downwards and the ingress of moisture from the bottom upwards into the body and the waste and the corresponding leakage is indicated. Both F1 fields. F2 include, as will be seen later, two gas and moisture barriers. The controlled upper field F1 is overlaid with soil, and the controlled field F2 is laid on a mineralogical sealing layer.

According to FIG. 2, the element 2 consists of a lower seal 4 and an upper seal 5. The two impermeable films, sealing strips, covers or seals 4 and 5, which consist, for example, of polyethylene or other plastic, are separated from each other by support elements 6. Between seals 4 and 5 and the support elements 6 is a channel 7 which penetrates the element 2 perpendicular to the drawing, left free. It is also possible to arrange two ducts 7 (cf. FIG. 1) or more ducts 7.fz on the inlet opening and the outlet opening of the duct 7 is tightly closed on its sides from all sides, for example by having the upper seal 5 with the lower one. sealing 4 welded. The weld joint is indicated by the reference numeral 45. In channel 7, according to FIG. 2, there is a permeable hose 8 corresponding to the hollow pipe according to DE 24 31 907. It is in particular a LEOS hose. This can well transport gas and water vapor over longer distances. The hose 8 is surrounded by a filler 8a, for example sand or a drying agent.

The support elements 6 consist of a flow-permeable material, but which impedes flow. By this is meant a material which does not lead to a very rapid but not too slow spread of water vapor and / or deponia gas. The support elements 6 may also consist of a material which has a lower flow resistance perpendicular to the channel 7 than parallel to the channel 7. Such a material may be a woven fabric. The armature may also be formed from parallel running capillaries or tubes that are oriented perpendicular to the channel. It may consist, for example, of polyethylene or other plastic. The filler material 8a is a material that retains moisture. However, the filler material 8a is not absolutely necessary.

The width b of the elements 2 according to FIG. 2 can be, for example, three to five meters. For example, its length may be 50 meters. Such belts are flexible and can be relatively easily laid and then joined together.

According to FIG. 3, the hose in channel 7 can also be omitted. Then the channel 7 is separated from the adjacent support elements 6 by permeable diffusion layers or diffusing walls 9. The channel 7 corresponds to the hollow pipes according to DE 24 31 907. The walls 9 can in principle also be omitted.

According to FIG. And, the two seals 4 are connected to each other by their right edge with a push-in profile piece 10 interrupted in the means. The profile piece of the first element 2A n = not k t or to make 11 u r.

5 and 5 of the adjacent second element 2B of the same kind. The profile piece 10 thus joins together the left edges of the seals 4 and 5. Thus, the elements 2A, 2B are also joined together at the connection point 40. In this way, the field can. To connect the ducts 7 or hoses 8 of the two elements 2A and

2B to be joined, the profile piece 10 has a plug-in opening 11 there. A fixed sleeve 12 is provided. This is fixedly formed in the plug-in opening 11. Hoses with, for example, clips 13 can be connected to the sleeve 12 on both sides. In this way, the outlet opening 833 of the channel 7 of the left element 2A is connected to the inlet opening 8B of the channel 7 of the right element 2B. Media such as air can now flow only by intermittent suction or by applying pressure from left to right, as indicated by the arrows. In the construction shown in FIG. 4, sealing seams 4 and 4 are required for sealing.

Where it is not necessary ž i aden link between neighbors channels 7 adjacent elements may be 2 on the place spoja 50 connect and simple weld seam 52 or buckle, such as it shown in FIG. 5th Fig. 5 shows that is weld joint

between adjacent elements 2A, 2B except for the channel design. Instead of the weld seam 52 directly at the joint point of the seals 4 and 5, the joint point 50 can also be formed by an overlay plate 54 which is tightly welded to the two adjacent elements 2ft and 2B. The weld seams required for this are indicated by the reference numeral 56. Instead, it is also possible to use a profile piece 10 without a plug-in hole 11 (not shown).

According to FIG. 6, it is possible to select an arrangement in which the elements 2 are connected together to form an array F. The channels 7 are guided meanderingly through the field F. To this end, U-shaped joint points 16 are required for the rows of elements 2Ä, 23. 7 arranged in each of the first ' s 2A, 2 ' meanders. The channels 7 are part of a circuit for a suitable medium, such as dry air. A circuit 17 and 3 of one or more detectors or sensors of 1 g for the substance to be detected are arranged in the circuit. With several sensors 10, these different substances are detected. It is advantageous to arrange two sensors 18 as shown.

The raae that are connected, for example, indicates a gas (gas from the depot, especially the sensor 18 indicates humidity (water)).

one of the sensors 18 is ui gas i. In addition, a pressure gauge 19, a flow meter 20 and a safety valve 21, as well as a pressure maintenance device 22, may be present.

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The medium is guided at regular intervals by elements 2A, 2B (intermittent operation) of the circuit, as is known from DS patent specification 24 31 907. In this case, it is pumped for a certain period of time and then, for some time, waiting for the material to possibly accumulate by diffusion in the channel 7 of the damaged element 2A. 2B. In a leak in one of the elements 2A, 2B, the substance that has entered is detected at the next pumping stage in the dual sensor 18. For example, the circuit comprises an air inlet 23 and an air outlet 24 provided with valves 23a and 23b, respectively. Between the inlet 23 and the outlet 24, the circuit may be partially or completely closed by another valve 25. Thus, a closed circuit, a partially open circuit or an open circuit is available. The pump 17 may be arranged instead of a pressure pump downstream of the inlet 33 as well as a suction pump 17a upstream of the inlet 34. A filter 26 is provided in the bypass for cleaning the medium in the circuit. The filter 26 may be a mechanical filter, absorbing filter (molecular sieve, coal) filter, silica gel, etc.) or a filter that operates with catalytic combustion. This filter 26 may be separated from the circuit by the fittings 26a for cleaning. 26b, 26c. For. For the filter 26, heating 27 is provided. Separate substances are discharged via scrubbing line 28 or other sensors for integral measurement. The puncturing line 28 can also supply hot water or steam. to expel substances to be further indicated.

Since the medium is guided through the circuit at fixed time intervals (tapping e), it can be inferred from the point of detection of the substance in the sensor 18 to the leak location in the element 2fi. 2B. In a leak in the seal 4 or 5 of the element 2A or 2B, the leaked substance enters the channel 7 after some time and from there it is conveyed with the medium to the sensor 18. In addition, it is possible to determine if the two sensors 18 are lower or upper seal 4 or 5 of element 2 defective. Depending on the type of substance entering (for example, gas or water), it may be found that it has to come from the top or bottom.

... ... J r? · 5 t. '. • ^' • * ^Í í * '^ *? A'-j

Fig. 7 Ľkaziľje. whereas, on the basis of the support elements 6, consisting of the flow restraint material, the infiltrating substance expands 2 leakage points 29 slowly circular (compare circle a) and evenly. This ensures that the substance that has entered the leak point 29 reaches channel 7 first in the shortest way, i.e. perpendicular to channel 7. In addition, it is guaranteed that only a small section of channel 7 occupies between the occurrence of leakage and future flushing of channel 7. of the channel 7, just before the next flushing, the fabric 30 is distributed as shown in FIG. 7. In this case, K is the concentration of the substance in channel 7 and z instead of in channel 7. This distribution K (z) reaches a single or double sensor 18 (FIG. 6). There, the relatively wide distribution 30 can only detect relatively accurately the maximum and thus the location of the leaks. Accuracy can be increased when the material of the support elements 6 has a lower flow resistance perpendicular to the channel 7 than parallel to the channel 7. Then, the substance which penetrated at the leak point 29 expands in the form of an ellipse (cf. ellipse b) perpendicular to channel 7. It follows that the substance, during the period between leakage and subsequent flushing of channel 7, reaches and travels only a relatively small partial path of channel 7. Directly before the next flushing, a distribution 31 with a sharp maximum is formed. This can occur in the sensor (fig.

the accuracy of the customs duties

o) more precise leakage.

equal

By means of the element 2 according to the invention, the location of the leak (or more leaks) in the seal 4, 5 can be determined very precisely depending on the composition of the medium. It is also possible to determine whether a leak occurs in the upper seal 5 or in the lower seal 4. In the channel 7, the point that lies closest to the leak can be determined.

Claims (22)

The patent claims are arranged with at least one outlet opening formed therebetween separated by seals (4.5). An element for sealing and inspecting a body, characterized in that two seals (4, 5) with supporting elements (6) and supporting elements (6) have a channel (7) having an inlet and for the medium, to the outlet at least one sensor (18) is connectable, the two seals (4, 5) being closely connected to each other at their edges leaving the inlet and outlet openings of the channel (7), and the support elements (6) are of flow-permeable but preventable material flow. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel (7) is separated from the adjacent support elements (6) by permeable diffusion layers (9). An element according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel (7) is formed by or comprises a permeable hose (8). The element according to claim 3. characterized in that the hose (S) is surrounded by a filler material (8a). Element according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that. that the supporting elements ( 6) have a lower flow resistance perpendicular to the channel (7) than parallel to the channel (7). d. r / - V V í »C C i C. i *. w <iUa (i l w w), characterized in that the material of the support elements (6) is perpendicular to the channel (7). An element according to claim 5, characterized in that the material of the support elements ()) is formed of capillaries or tubes oriented perpendicular to the channel (7). Element according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the two seals (4, 5) are joined together at the edge by a profile piece (10). Element according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the inlet port and the outlet port for the medium are connected together to form a circuit, and a sensor (18) and a pump (17, 17a) are arranged in the circuit. 10th element by claim 9, confess c and s a t ý m, that circuit show e closable supply (23) and closable outlet (24), and circuit between pr í vodons (23) the drain (24) is fully or partially closable. Element according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a filter (26) is arranged in the conduit (33, 34) which is connected to the inlet or outlet opening or bypasses the conduit (33, 34). ) to capture harmful substances. 12. The element according to that the filter (26) The element according to claim 1. The catalyst is a catalytic filter. or any one of claims 1 to 12. The filter (26) is detachable from the conduit (33, 34) and is preferably connectable to a cleaning device and a sensor for measuring the substances separated during cleaning. Element according to claim 11, 12 or 13, characterized in that the filter (26) is provided with heating (27). Element according to one of Claims 11 to 14, characterized in that. that the filter (26) is filled with water vapor or water. Element according to one of Claims 1 to 15, characterized in that two sensors (18) are provided, one sensor (18) which reacts to gas and the other to moisture. Element according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that it is closely connected to at least one other element (2) and forms a field (F1, F2, F). Element according to claim 17, characterized in that the outlet opening of the channel (7) of one element (2) is connected to the inlet opening of the channel (7) of the other element (2). The element according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the adjacent elements (2) are closed together at the weld sites (14, 52, 56), The element according to one of claims 17, 18 or 19, characterized in that the channels (7) of adjacent elements (2) are connected together by plug connections. 21. Element according to one of Claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the channels (7) are arranged in the field (F1. F2. F) by means of meanders. Element according to one of Claims 1 to 20, characterized in that a pump (17, 17a) is connected to the inlet or outlet opening, which operates intermittently, so that in the pumping intervals a substance from the environment can enter the channel (7).