SI9200225A

SI9200225A - Seal, in particular for pump shafts

Info

Publication number: SI9200225A
Application number: SI19929200225A
Authority: SI
Inventors: Laurent Bourdelain; Joel Cousin
Original assignee: Societe Electromecanique Du
Priority date: 1991-09-25
Filing date: 1992-09-23
Publication date: 1993-03-31
Also published as: HRP930872A2; FR2681658B1; EP0534835A1; EP0534835B1; DE69216193D1; ATE146861T1; FR2681658A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sealing device comprising a multi-function seal which is monobloc or made in two parts, for partitions separating two enclosures and traversed by a shaft, and more particularly such a seal used in a pump, particularly a pump equipped with a single-phase synchronous motor. This sealing device comprises at least one bearing (2, 7) aligned on the shaft (8), and a monobloc or two-part seal, providing sealing between the external surface of the bearing (2) and a partition (3), as well as a certain degree of freedom for the shaft (8)/bearing (2) assembly with respect to the partition, and sealing between the shaft (8) and the bearing (2). The present invention applies to any type of seal used for sealing a partition traversed by a shaft, and more particularly to any type of pump used in industry. <IMAGE>

Description

SOCIETE ELECTROMECANIOUE DU NIVERNAIS SELNI 6, RUE LOUISE MICHELSOCIETE ELECTROMECANIOUE DU NIVERNAIS VILLAGE 6, RUE LOUISE MICHEL

58000 NEVER, FRANCIJA58000 NEVER, FRANCE

I zurni tel j :And watch tel j:

1. Laurent BOURDELAIN, 16, rue Fonmorigny, 58000 NEVERS, Francija1. Laurent BOURDELAIN, 16, rue Fonmorigny, 58000 NEVERS, France

2. Joel COUSIN, Residence des Eduens, Appt. 67, 58000 NEVERS,2. Joel COUSIN, Residence des Eduens, Appt. 67, 58000 NEVERS,

F rančijaFrance

Izpopolnjen tesnilni zglob predvsem za črpalkino gredImproved sealing joint especially for pump shaft

Področje tehnike, v katero spada izumFIELD OF THE INVENTION

Področje tehnike, v katero spada izum, je tesnilni zglob, ki vključuje večnamenski zglob, iz enega samega bloka ali iz dveh delov, za pregrado, ki loči dve komori, skozi kateri poteka gred, in še posebej zglob, ki se uporablja pri črpalkah, zlasti črpalki, ki je opremljena z enofaznim sinhronskim motorjem.The technical field of the invention is a sealing joint comprising a multi-purpose joint, of a single block or of two parts, for a barrier separating the two chambers through which the shaft passes, and in particular the joint used in pumps, in particular a pump equipped with a single-phase synchronous motor.

Tehnični problem in stanje tehnikeTechnical problem and state of the art

Pri električni napravi služi črpalka z enofaznim sinhronskim elektromotorjem kot obtočna črpalka za tekočino, zlasti za praznjenje. V tem primeru na splošno obsega črpalni prekat, v katerem kroži voda, in pogonski elektromotor. Ta motor je lahko sinhronski, asinhronski, univerzalni ali elektromotor kakega drugega tipa. Le-ta poganja krilato kolo prekata, v katerem kroži voda, s pomočjo pogonske gredi in ustvarja cono, ki je občutljiva za stičišče pregrada/gred”, skozi katero lahko prodrejo nečistoče iz prekata črpalke v prekat motorja. Ti elementi se nabirajo med rotorjem in bližnjo steno motorjevega prekata in pride do trenja, ki utegne škodovati sklopu.For an electrical device, a pump with a single-phase synchronous electric motor serves as a circulating fluid pump, especially for discharge. In this case, it generally comprises a pumping chamber in which water circulates and a drive electric motor. This motor may be a synchronous, asynchronous, universal or electric motor of any other type. It drives the winged wheel of the compartment in which the water circulates through the drive shaft and creates a zone that is sensitive to the junction of the barrier / shaft ”through which impurities from the pump compartment can enter the engine compartment. These elements accumulate between the impeller and the nearby wall of the engine compartment and cause friction which can damage the assembly.

Uporaba tesnilnega zgloba med črpalko in motorjem deloma rešuje ta problem, toda trenje rotorjeve gredi tesnilo obrablja in ne izpolnjuje več svoje vloge tesnjenja. Da bi se izognili prezgodnji obrabi sklopa gred/ležaj, nekateri proizvajalci uporabljajo torno tesnilo, ki daje črpalkinemu ležaju določeno stopnjo prostosti; dejansko to dopušča prilagoditev gredi razližnim delom črpalke in preprečuje trenje zaradi slabe prilagoitve gredi. Tako imamo opravka s tesnilno napravo iz dveh delov, kar zvišuje stroške in povzroča težave pri montaži.Using a sealing joint between the pump and the motor partially solves this problem, but the friction of the rotor shaft seals the wear and ceases to fulfill its sealing role. In order to avoid premature wear of the shaft / bearing assembly, some manufacturers use a friction seal that gives the pump bearing a certain degree of freedom; in fact, this allows the shaft to be adjusted to different parts of the pump and prevents friction due to poor shaft adjustment. Thus, we are dealing with a two-part sealing device, which increases the cost and causes installation problems.

Opis rešitve tehničnega problema z izvedbenimi primeri in seznamom slikA description of the solution to a technical problem with example examples and a list of images

Ta izum pa predlaga uporabo iz enega kosa ali iz dveh delov, ki po obliki dopušča določeno stopnjo prostosti ležaju in dvojno tesnjenje sklopa gred/ležaj.The present invention, however, proposes the use of a single piece or two parts, which allows for a certain degree of freedom of bearing and double sealing of the shaft / bearing assembly.

Druga prednost je, da tesnost ostane tudi v primeru nagiba ležajnega podstavka pri montaži ali v primeru nagiba gredi med delovanjem, zglob je nameščen med ležajnim podstavkom in ležajem, ki je vedno prilagojen gredi, ostane vedno koncentričen z gredjo in v stiku z njo.Another advantage is that the tightness remains even in the case of a roller bearing tilt during mounting or in the case of a shaft tilt during operation, the joint is positioned between the roller bearing and the bearing which is always adjusted to the shaft, and is always concentric with the shaft and in contact with it.

Na drugi strani pa, ker je kontaktna površina med tesnilom in ležajem važna, je zglob popolnoma soodvisen z ležajem.On the other hand, since the contact surface between the seal and the bearing is important, the joint is fully interdependent with the bearing.

Druga prednost tega izuma izhaja iz dejstva, da je del zgloba, ki zagotavlja tesnost gredi glede na črpalkin prekat, v stiku z gredjo samo na eni strani, druga stran je prosta; ta del zgloba se obrablja počasneje, tudi v primeru nagiba gredi glede na njeno os.Another advantage of the present invention stems from the fact that the part of the joint that provides the shaft tightness with respect to the pump chamber is in contact with the shaft on one side only, the other side is free; this part of the joint wears out more slowly, even in the event of the shaft tilting with respect to its axis.

Izum bo bolj razumljiv in pokazale se bodo druge prednosti ob branju opisa izvedbenega primera, ki sledi na osnovi priloženih slik:The invention will be more understood and other advantages will be shown by reading the description of the embodiment which follows on the basis of the accompanying drawings:

Sl . 1 predstavlja presek v ravnini, ki gre skozi os črpalke, izdelane na prvi izvedbeni način izuma.FIG. 1 is a cross-section in a plane through the axis of a pump made in the first embodiment of the invention.

Sl.2 predstavlja prerez v ravnini, ki gre skozi os črpalke, izdelane na drugi izvedbeni način izuma.Fig. 2 is a cross-section in a plane passing through the axis of a pump made in another embodiment of the invention.

V primeru izvedbe po sl. 1, vključuje črpalka, pri kateri je uprabljen ta izum: motor 11, črpalko 12 in skupno ohišje 13 iz dveh delov: votli prekat motorja 10 in prekat črpalke 16 s ploščo 14 in pokrovom 15.In the embodiment of FIG. 1 includes a pump for the use of the present invention: engine 11, pump 12 and common housing 13 of two parts: the hollow partition of the engine 10 and the pump partition 16 with plate 14 and cover 15.

Pogonski elektromotor 11 je lahko enofazni motor sinhronskega tipa, opremljen z rotorjem 9 v notranjosti motornega prekata 10, lahko pa se uporabi tudi vsak drug tip motorja. Gred 8 motorja 9 se prosto vrti s pomočjo dveh opornih ležajev, zadnji oporni ležaj tvori dno motornega prekata in prednji oporni ležaj 3 ima vlogo pregrade od sosedne črpalke, prav tako služi kot tesnilna pregrada rned motornim prekatom 10 in črpalkinim prekatom 16. Zadnji oporni ležaj tvori zadnji del motornega prekata 10, na njem stoji ležaj 7 in krožasti zglob 18, tako da ima gred določeno stopnjo prostosti. Ležaj 7 je nepremičen in v obliki votlega valja, čigar en konec je poševno odrezan in skozenj gre rotorje.va gred, ter je opremljen z obročem 22, ob katerega zadeva krožasti zglob 19, nameščen med opornikom zadnjega opornega ležaja in obročem 22. Ležaj 7 ima en sam obroč. To dopušča bolj natančno formanje zgloba 19 na ležaj 7.The drive electric motor 11 may be a single-phase synchronous motor equipped with a rotor 9 inside the engine compartment 10, or any other type of motor may be used. The shaft 8 of the motor 9 rotates freely with the help of two support bearings, the rear support bearing forms the bottom of the engine compartment and the front support bearing 3 acts as a barrier from the adjacent pump and also serves as a sealing barrier rned with the engine compartment 10 and the pump chamber 16. The rear support bearing it forms the rear part of the engine compartment 10, bearing 7 and a circular joint 18, so that the shaft has a certain degree of freedom. The bearing 7 is fixed and in the form of a hollow cylinder, one end of which is obliquely cut off and through it goes rotors.va shaft, and is equipped with a ring 22, which is concerned with a circular joint 19, mounted between the strut of the rear support bearing and the ring 22. Bearing 7 it has a single ring. This allows more precise formation of the joint 19 on the bearing 7.

Med rotorjem 9 in krožno odprtino 21 v prednjem opornem ležaju 3 za prehod gredi 38 vodi ležaj 2 gred 8 z določeno mobilnostjo, ker ni pritrjen na noben kos črpalke. Ta ležaj 2 je nepremičen in po obliki votel valj, čigar en konec je poševno odrezan in opremljen z obročem 23, ob katerega zadeva zglob 1. Drži ga gred, ki ga obkroža, in stik med gredjo 8 in ležajem 2 je zagotovljen z mazivom, toda uporaba materialov, ki dobro drsijo med seboj, je možna, ne da bi izpadli iz okvira izuma. Na drugi strani je ležaj 2 zasidran na prednjem ležajnem podstavku 3 s pomočjo zgloba 1. Ta ležajni postavek 3 je nasajen v odprtini motornega prekata.Between the rotor 9 and the circular opening 21 in the front support bearing 3 for the passage of the shaft 38, the bearing 2 of the shaft 8 with a certain mobility runs because it is not attached to any piece of the pump. This bearing 2 is fixed and in the form of a hollow cylinder, one end of which is obliquely cut off and provided with a ring 23 adjacent to the joint 1. It is held by the shaft surrounding it, and contact between the shaft 8 and the bearing 2 is ensured by lubricant, but the use of materials that glide well together is possible without departing from the scope of the invention. On the other hand, the bearing 2 is anchored to the front bearing base 3 by means of a joint 1. This bearing assembly 3 is mounted in the opening of the engine compartment.

Tesnilna naprava po prvem načinu izvedbe izuma vključuje zglob 1 v obliki krožne krone in je sestavljen iz treh delov. Prvi del, ki zagotavlja tesnost med gredjo 8 in notranjo površino ležaja 2, je ustnica 1, katere konec oklepa gred 8, in se nahaja med to gredjo, ležajnim podstavkom 3 in ležajem 2. Ta ustnica sega preko zunanjosti ležaja na gredi. Povezana je gibko z ostankom zglobaAccording to the first embodiment of the invention, the sealing device includes a circular crown 1 and consists of three parts. The first part to provide tightness between the shaft 8 and the inner surface of the bearing 2 is a lip 1 whose end is enclosed by the shaft 8 and is located between that shaft, the bearing base 3 and the bearing 2. This lip extends beyond the outer bearing on the shaft. It is connected flexibly to the rest of the joint

1.1.

Drugi del ali osrednji del je opornik 1’’, povezan s prvim delom 1 tako, da se ga ob montaži nasadi na ležaj 2 s posebnim orodjem. Zunanja površina nastavka 1’’ kakor tudi ustnice 1 je prosta, toda notranja površina opornega ležaja 3 glede na ta del zgloba lahko prevzame obliko le-te in je z njo v stiku, da se poveča učinkovitost tesnjenja.The second part or the central part is a support 1 '' connected to the first part 1 by mounting it to the bearing 2 with a special tool when mounted. The outer surface of the nozzle 1 '' as well as the lip 1 is free, but the inner surface of the bearing bearing 3 in relation to this part of the joint can take the shape of it and in contact with it to increase the sealing efficiency.

Razen tega notranja površina 26 drugega dela zgloba 1 v stiku z valjastim delom ležaja 2 zagotavlja, da zglob 1 dobro sedi na ležaju 2, kar je bistveno važno, da bi ustnica l’ ostala v stiku z gredjo 8, na katero se popolnoma centrira ležaj 2.In addition, the inner surface 26 of the second portion of the hinge 1 in contact with the cylindrical portion of the bearing 2 ensures that the hinge 1 sits well on the bearing 2, which is essential for the lip 1 'to remain in contact with the shaft 8 on which the bearing is completely centered. 2.

Tretji del 1’’’ ima kroglasto obliko in zagotavlja na eni strani tesnost med zunanjo površino ležaja 2 in ležajnim podstavkom 3 in na drugi strani igra vlogo amortizerja, kot kroglasti zglob 19 zadnjega ležaja, pri gibanju gredi okoli svoje osi. Tesnjenje se izboljša zaradi oblike kontaktne cone ležajnega podstavka in dela 1’’’ zgloba, ki ima obliko sferičnega dela 6, čigar sferični. radij je glede na os gredi 8 manjši kot radij zunanje površine krožastega dela 1’’’. Posledica tega je, da je krožasti del 1’’’ deformiran, tada se lahko prosto vrti v sferičnem prostoru 6, ne da bi prišlo do dodatne deformacije materiala; to preprečuje moment, ki bi deloval proti uravnavi ležaja na gredi in povzročil dodatno obrabo sklopa gredi in ležaja.The third part 1 '' 'has a spherical shape and provides, on the one hand, the tightness between the outer surface of the bearing 2 and the bearing base 3, and on the other hand plays the role of the shock absorber, like the ball joint 19 of the rear bearing, in the movement of the shaft about its axis. The sealing is improved by the shape of the contact zone of the bearing base and the part 1 '' 'of the joint, which has the shape of a spherical part 6, whose spherical. The radius is smaller than the radius of the outer surface of the circular portion 1 '' 'relative to the axis of the shaft 8. As a result, the circular portion 1 '' is deformed, then it can rotate freely in spherical space 6 without further deformation of the material; this prevents the torque acting against the shaft bearing and causes additional wear on the shaft and bearing assembly.

Ti trije deli so iz enega samega kosa 1. Monoblok zglob 1 se lahko izdela iz elastomera ali drugega materiala za zglobe. Njegova velika kontaktna površina z ležajem in ležajnim podstavkom, med katerima se tare, zmanjšuje tresljaje, ki jih prenaša vrteča se gred črpalke s tem, da jih amortizira. To zmanjšuje hrup. Na drugi strani pa se zglob 1 in ležaj 2 lahko izdelata iz enega komada, ker sta med seboj tesno povezana, kar dosežemo na primer z litjem iz dvojne snovi.These three parts are from a single piece 1. The monoblock joint 1 can be made of elastomer or other joint material. Its large contact surface with the bearing and the bearing base between which it tends to reduce the vibrations transmitted by the rotating shaft of the pump by depreciating them. This reduces noise. On the other hand, the joint 1 and the bearing 2 can be made of one piece because they are closely interconnected, for example by double casting.

Pri drugem načinu izvedbe, prikazanem na sliki 2, je struktura črpalke, na katero se nanaša ta izum, identična s sl. 1, razen zgloba, ki zagotavlja dvojno funkcijo tesnjenja in gibkosti sklopa gredi in ležaja glede na črpalko, ki jo sestavljata dva različna dela v nasprotju s tesnilom monoblok 1 na sl. 1. Identični elementi na obeh slikah imajo torej iste referenčne številke. Opis gornjih elementov velja tudi za drugi način izvedbe izuma.In the second embodiment shown in Figure 2, the pump structure to which this invention relates is identical to FIG. 1, except for the joint, which provides a double function of sealing and the flexibility of the shaft and bearing assembly with respect to the pump, which consists of two different parts in contrast to the monoblock seal 1 in FIG. 1. The identical elements in the two figures therefore have the same reference numbers. The description of the above elements also applies to another embodiment of the invention.

Tesnilna naprava po drugem načinu izvedbe vključuje dva zgloba:According to the second embodiment, the sealing device includes two joints:

Prvi zglob 23 je iz dveh soodvisnih delov. Prvi del je v obliki ustnice 23’ in zagotavlja tesnenje gredi 8 glede na črpalkin prekat 16 in je podaljšan z drugim delom, opremljenim z opornikom 23’’ tako, da se ga lahko ob montaži nasadi na ležaj s pomočjo posebnega orodja. Ta dva dela 23’ in 23’’ tvorita en sam zglob, ki obkroža ležaj in obkroža gred na nivoju ustnice 23’. Velika kontaktna površina med tem zglobom 23 in zunanjo valjasto površino ležaja 2 zagotavlja, da zglob 23 dobro sedi. Samo njegova notranja površina je v stiku z zunanjo površino ležaja 2, zunanja površina je prosta, toda notranja površina ležajnega podstavka 2 glede na ta del zgloba 23 lahko prevzame obliko letega in je z njim v stiku zaradi boljšega tesnjenja.The first joint 23 is of two interdependent parts. The first part is lip-shaped 23 ' and provides sealing of the shaft 8 with respect to the pump compartment 16 and is extended by a second part provided with a support 23 ' These two parts 23 'and 23' 'form a single joint that surrounds the bearing and surrounds the shaft at lip level 23'. The large contact surface between this joint 23 and the outer cylindrical surface of the bearing 2 ensures that the joint 23 sits well. Only its inner surface is in contact with the outer surface of the bearing 2, the outer surface is vacant, but the inner surface of the bearing base 2 with respect to this part of the hinge 23 can take the shape of a fly and in contact with it for better sealing.

Drugi zglob 23 je kroglast in na eni strani zagotavlja tesnost med zunanjo površino ležaja 2 in ležajnim podstavkom 3 in na drugi strani ima vlogo amortizerja pri gibanju gredi okoli svoje osi, kot kroglasti zglob 19 zadnjega ležaja 7. Tesnost je izboljšana zaradi oblike kontaktne cone ležajnega podstavka 3 in tesnila 24, ki ima obliko sferičnega dela 6, katerega radij je glede na gred 8 manjši kot radij zunanje površine zgloba 24.The second joint 23 is spherical and, on the one hand, provides tightness between the outer surface of the bearing 2 and the bearing base 3, and on the other hand acts as a shock absorber in the movement of the shaft about its axis, as a ball joint 19 of the rear bearing 7. The tightness is improved by the shape of the contact zone of the bearing the base 3 and the gasket 24 having the shape of a spherical part 6 whose radius is smaller than the radius of the outer surface of the joint 24 relative to the shaft 8.

Posledica tega je, da se zglob deformira, vendar se lahko prosto vrti v sferičnem prostoru 6, ne da bi prišlo do dodatne deformacije materiala.As a result, the joint deforms but can rotate freely in spherical space 6 without further deformation of the material.

Na drugi strani se zglob 23 in 24 ter ležaj 2 lahko izdelajo v enem samem kosu zaradi njihove tesne medsebojne povezave n. pr. vliti iz dvojne snovi.On the other hand, the joints 23 and 24 and the bearing 2 can be made in a single piece due to their close interconnection n. BC cast from double substance.

Dodatna prednost izuma je, da se celotni sklop črpalke zlahka montira zaradi enostavnega priklopa zgloba 1 na ležaj 2 in vertikalne montaže črpalke.An additional advantage of the invention is that the entire pump assembly is easily mounted due to the easy connection of the joint 1 to the bearing 2 and the vertical mounting of the pump.

Ta izum se uporablja za vse tipe zglobov, ki služijo za tesnjenje pregrade, skozi katero gre gred, zlasti pa za vse tipe črpalk, ki se uporabljajo v industriji.This invention is applicable to all types of joints used to seal the barrier through which the shaft passes, and in particular to all types of pumps used in the industry.

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Claims

PATENT APPLICATIONS

1. The sealing device engages the first chamber (16) containing the fluid and the second chamber (10) with a shaft extending from the second to the first chamber, supporting this shaft with at least one bearing (2, 7) marked comprising means for sealing between the outer surface of the bearing (2) and the bulkhead (3), providing an additional degree of freedom of movement for the shaft assembly (8) and the bearing (2) relative to the bulkhead and sealing between the shaft (8) ) and bearing (2).

Sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing means is between the outer surface of the bearing (2) and the barrier (3), providing a certain degree of freedom of movement for the shaft assembly (8) and the bearing (2) and the tightness between the shaft (8) and bearing (2), namely, the monoblock joint (1), which accomplishes these three functions.

Sealing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the monoblock joint (1) is made of three parts: the first lip-shaped (1 ') provides tightness between the shaft (8) and the inner surface of the bearing (2), the second part ( 1 '') is large and ensures that the joint (1) sits well on the bearing (2) by surrounding the cylindrical part of the bearing (2) on the inner surface (26) and connecting the first part of the joint (t) to the third shaped part ball joint (! '' ') providing seal between the outer surface of the bearing (2) and the bulkhead (3) as well as a certain degree of freedom of movement of the shaft assembly (8) and the bearing (2).

Sealing device according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer surface of the second part (1 '') of the joint (1) has the shape of a support (1 '').

Sealing device according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the outer surface of the lip (1 ') and the second part (1' ') of the joint (1) is free.

Sealing device according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it includes a bearing base (3) which serves as a barrier and forms a contact zone (6) with a spherical part (1 '') of the joint (1). a spherical part whose radius relative to the axis of the shaft (8) is smaller than the radius of the outer surface of the spherical part (1 '') of the joint (1).

Sealing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the elastomer seal is used.

Sealing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it has at least one hollow cylinder-shaped bearing (2, 7), one end of which is obliquely cut and has a ring (25).

Sealing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the joint (s) and bearing (2) are made in one piece due to an internal connection.

O D V E T b I 4

Sealing device according to claim 9, characterized in that the inner connection is made of a cast of double substance.

A pump, characterized in that it is provided with a sealing device as claimed in claims 1 to 10.

A pump according to claim 11, characterized in that the two bearings (2, 7) which enclose the shaft (8) on each side of the rotor (9) each have a certain degree of freedom for which they use a sealing device according to any one Claims 1 to 6 and a second ball joint (19).