SI8911523A - Pneumatic actuator with locking means in the end position, especially for activating smoke extracting - Google Patents

Abstract

With a pneumatic cylinder with a lock in the extreme position, especially to activate the chimney flap in devices for flue gas and heat exhaust, it can be double sided move the piston (9) with the pressure medium in the cylinder with two cylinder chambers (9a, 9b). For sure the end position blocking is externally closed on both sides cylinder chambers (9a, 9b) and in close proximity each cylinder chamber with one locking piston (3 oz. 4) moveable concentrically with respect to the piston rod (10), which piston is adjacent to the cylinder spaces (9a oz. 9b) in such a connection that the pressure medium is translated. Each locking piston (3,4) comprises a tubular section (e.g. 4a), which in the locking position hugs radially guided spheres (11). The balls are partially gripped in a ring with a piston rod (10) a connected groove (e.g., 10a). The hollow section is released the balls radially outwards when they are axially moved. This locking device shall be provided during construction of a pneumatic cylinder as a double stroke cylinder supplement with an additional locking rod on the piston rod and pressure controlled timing valve, actuated by additional blocking rod participating additional blocking rod bat.

Description

Pneumatic cylinder with extreme lock, especially for the activation of the chimney flap

Dossiers: 2199

OTTO GRASL

PNEUMATIC CYLINDER WITH 2 EXTERNAL EXTERNAL SPECIFICALLY SPECIFIC TO START THE SWITCH VALVES FOR DI MN DRAIN

Finding with? refers to one pneumatslri wise locking in the end position, especially? ra priv— · 'ar; flue gas outlet valves. and according to uvoJn: un del.

patent requirement 1. Pneumatic ci1i ndr i with locking to the extreme position pr and change u at ur flue gas extraction melts ote, in order in the case fire switch valves you veins

automatic or remotely controlled, which can extract the resulting flue gasoi, which hinder or prevent rescue, x im * r achieves one central in st up rescue. In addition, by switching the flapping valves to remove flue gases and heat.e. is the focus of education. Replaced pneumatic cylinders; ~ ·. · Make large demands on security. Single-acting cylinders have end-position locking devices that can remain? the forces of love for you. kc> multiple exceeds the normal work force of a pneumatic cylinder Ρο ->? ίν should be locked outward at the end position • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • are, according to the state of the art, mechanically focal m fr-iinuJ ..

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With one known pneumatic cylinder, the v / e type * is known for a.br avl j and outwards in the end position at keg? : eon spring-loaded pin, or bolt or ball. With such a st.al opt $! single element for interference 3 ·. j ji \ ar: There is a significant arcing that arises which is allowed to occur. Moreover, such a mess is hampered by the length of the construction. which has a neoative effect on the insertion of the "d cheese" of the pneumatic cylinder, necessitates a larger positioning of the pneumatic cylinder and, possibly, limits the possibility of rotation of the pneumatic cylinder.

The present invention therefore has the object of further developing the pneumatic cylinder with a locking in the end position of the said type, so as to achieve locking in both end positions with as little wear as possible, so that many engagements can be achieved. In the case of a pneumatic cylinder, the locking elements in the end position should be compact and, in particular, have a small overall length.

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This task is accomplished by constructing a locking cylinder in the end position which according to the designation of claim 1.

Using a locking piston, move the yaw relative to the plunger lever, and possibly with respect to the locking lever aligned with the plunger lever, can be achieved, without much strain, by locking the var. there are also radially adjustable beads, which partially engage in a rounded groove and foot levers, respectively locking levers. In the locked position, the balls are forcibly held in the groove in one piece in the form of a locking piston sleeve that includes the balls. When the locking piston is removed from the balls, which occurs automatically when pressure air is released into the pneumatic cylinder, the balls in both The grooves are released so that when moving the lever and the floor lever or the locking lever, they can be moved outwards. When the piston lever or the locking lever reaches one end position, the beads can be strongly moved back into the groove by an automatically displaced locking rod. To this end, the front side of the locking piston is specially shaped. The locking piston moves automatically when a pressurized fluid is released into the corresponding double-stroke cylinder, with the locking chamber on one side of the locking rod connecting to one of the two pressurized fluid chambers of this cylinder. When the pressure in these cylinder chambers ceases to operate, the locking piston automatically returns to its position by locking it outwards, for which a single pressure spring acts on it. This pressure spring does not directly affect the balls, which engage in the groove of the piston lever or locking lever, but only moves the piston

Thus, it is neither of plastic material but also of plastic strength. It can be locked to the outside, which, with a little friction, slides over the lever or the locking lever, but slides over the balls in the form of a bushing.

The special advantage of this pneumatic cylinder with a locking mechanism in the emergency position lies in the towers, so that virtually without the loading of the locking and locking, the locking elements do not suffer any more noticeable wear, so that the materials from which these elements are made I can largely choose from.

construction of metal, for example brass, mass. With the name of the material especially large, the allowed number of inclusions can be further increased.

Another important advantage lies in the fact that this construction, in particular the placement of the locking piston in the locking chamber concentrically with the piston lever, or with the locking lever, wherein the bushing portion of the locking piston comprises beads, enables very compact, very short pneumatic cylinder, without limiting its functional capacity.

It is not difficult for a pneumatic cylinder of the invention to be fabricated in a variety of construction lengths and diameters. Due to the small overall length, it is possible to install a large air cylinder and a pneumatic cylinder actuator, and even more space is available for vertical installation. In addition, due to the less constructive length, some material savings are achieved.

According to claim 2, the lockable bead balls, which are used for locking, move radially for what a bead sleeve according to claim 11 can serve.

Conveniently, the radial guidance of the beads may be omitted by means of a bead sleeve if, according to claim 3, the bead-shaped beads are arranged circumferentially side by side. In the case of a larger number of relatively small balls, which are not separated from each other by the balls of the bush sleeve, a small ball, for example 10 or more balls, can be welded with a very large locking force in a simple manner, r an autonomous arrangement of balls in the groove.

In the embodiment of claim 4, wherein the piston lever on one side of the piston goes into the lever for locking, the plunger lever is made of high-strength material, especially a material such as "V2A, while the locking lever may be choose some lighter material, especially some aluminum alloys.

Parts of both. The locking piston, which, according to claim 6, extends beyond the pneumatic cylinder, and which are provided with a suitable profile, enable auxiliary manual unlocking.

According to claim 7, one sex ,, not even the inner annular ring, is provided in the locking piston, which is movably mounted on the piston lever. a groove used to seal the lock chamber towards the outside,

According to claim 8, the pneumatic cylinder is closed at both ends by a single limiting flap, which forms at least one chamber for accepting a spring and a stop for the locking piston, which is concentric with the piston or locking lever. This provides a compact construction of the pneumatic cylinder .

According to claim 9, a portion of the locking piston extending beyond the limit cover has a known opening through which the piston rod is slidably moved.

According to claim 10, the portion of the locking piston extending beyond the second boundary cap is closed. In this section, one support element, which is aligned with the locking lever, is restrained and the spring is pressed to its front by one spring. With this support element, which requires very little space, it is achieved that in the case when the locking lever is away from the balls, these cannot fall into the empty space, which then sticks, but already rests on the support element.

In order to achieve a particularly compact construction of the pneumatic cylinder, according to claim 12, the locking piston, the supporting element and the boundary cap with the spring housing chamber at one end of the pneumatic cylinder are concentrically arranged so that they at least partially overlap.

According to claim 13, the pneumatic cylinder can have both pressurized fluid ports for both the cylinder chambers as well as for the locking chambers, arranged in a plane aligned with one another perpendicular to the main longitudinal axis of the pneumatic cylinder and to the cylinder head. iii at the bottom of the cylinder. If, according to the following property of claim 13, the cylinder head and the cylinder bottom are interchangeable, which therefore have the same openings for the lever and for the locking levers, may, depending on the configuration of the cylinder head and the bottom of the cylinder. that the suspension system of the pneumatic cylinder, which is housed in the pressure fluid connections, be coupled to either the upper or lower m of the cylinder, designed as a two-pipe cylinder.

In the alternative of claim 14, only one fluid port is pressurized to the cylinder head and to the bottom of the cylinder, with the corresponding blind, or closed, port in the same plane opposite. With this single-cylinder cylinder it is also possible to place the suspension either on the upper or lower part of the pneumatic cylinder.

Particularly suitable materials for individual elements of a pneumatic cylinder, which allow for a lightweight but satisfactory construction, are specified in claims 15 and 16.

The essential development of a pneumatic cylinder consists of towers, this one being called. chili ndar double stroke not only can perform one stroke, but in addition to one small stroke, which corresponds to, for example, an angle of 90 °, it can achieve a significantly larger stroke, corresponding to an angle of up to about 165 °, by changing the direction of stroke in rotary movement, especially when actuating the flue gas outlet valves. A smaller stroke indicates normal ventilation or draft, while a larger stroke would be the same for an emergency situation, for example in the event of a fire. For trucks, a smaller stroke can be performed as a partial stroke of a large stroke. Known devices with pneumatic cylinders that can perform such a double stroke have deficiencies regarding the structural length, especially the length, as well as the problems of sealing large sealing surfaces that move relative to one another. In addition, the wear of the locking device in the end position may increase, and also with the locking elements after a partially performed stroke.

One pneumatic cylinder, designed as a double stroke cylinder, according to the development of the invention, as claimed in claim 17, with a short construction of the locking elements and the cylinder itself, and characterized by extremely low wear, has

What is the property of having one auxiliary locking lever coaxial with the piston lever, move the jive relative to the piston lever to one stop on the same, which limits the partial stroke of the piston lever and extends beyond that of the piston levers in this position intended for normal locking in the end position, with one external locking cylinder mounted on that locking piston, in which the jib is supported by a single locking piston, which one by its bushing, it includes beads in the partial stroke position, which engage a annular groove in the auxiliary locking lever, otherwise radially move larger, and which radially move the ball more when it is radially withdrawn, thereby to actuate the locking piston when one preset pressure is exceeded, it is controlled via a two-way valve to be operated pressure fluid, with the first adjacent cylinder chamber.

This double stroke cylinder is characterized by the short construction of the locking elements and the cylinder itself. A double stroke cylinder need not be substantially longer than the basic pneumatic cylinder described above.

All piston lever locking devices are built on the same principle without wear. The basic version of the pneumatic cylinder described above can be extended into a double stroke cylinder at low cost. The outer boundary caps of the locking pistons provided with the openings will be used for the trucks. Meaning that no boundary flap is pronounced closed. Through one of the boundary flaps is provided, as before, a piston pole angle, which in this area is covered by one of the two locking pistons out. An auxiliary locking lever passes through the opening of the second boundary cap and the second locking piston, which is intended for locking in the end position, which can be locked on the outside in a partial stroke by a single locking piston thereon. e. The auxiliary locking plunger, together with the elements that support them, especially the balls that can slide into one groove in the auxiliary locking lever, is made in the same manner as the locking plunger for the locking device. in the extreme position. By means of a two-way pressure-controlled valve, the auxiliary locking piston will be automatically moved to the limit travel position when the control pressure of the medium, especially the pressurized air, exceeds one piston lever in advance. This pressurized air is short-circuited to the auxiliary locking plunger, 'or, with it, a chamber z: a locking, and a rear or lower locking piston from the adjacent locking chamber. It is advantageous for the locking cylinder, in which the locking piston is slidably movable, to be located directly on the rear or bottom locking piston. Starting from one conveniently extended embodiment of the rear locking piston, the parts in the rear and front areas of the double acting cylinder can be structurally uniformly and interchangeably made. This is especially true for the interchangeability of the cylinder head and the bottom of the chili ndr.

In particular, in the case of a double stroke cylinder, it is advantageous for a guide lever to be movable in one piston rod opening, which has a stop at one end limiting the mutual connection between the piston rod and the guide lever, the other end of which is connected to the auxiliary lever for locked her in them. Instead of making openings in a massive piston line, the piston rod can also be made as a pipe. Due to the centric displacement of the guide lever and the piston lever in each other, a very small constructive length of the cylinder can be achieved. The overall dimensions of the end-position pneumatic cylinder are increased by a mere measure of the limiting elements and the locking of the partial travel.

A double stroke cylinder can be made either as a two-pipe cylinder or as a pneumatic cylinder with only one pipe.

By installing a two-way valve that activates the auxiliary locking plunger according to claim 19, if there is no pressure to release the auxiliary locking plunger, a connection will be made with the ambient air flowing out of the auxiliary locking plunger or adjacent chamber . for locking, which as a leakage protection prevents the auxiliary locking piston from being unintentionally moved and thereby locked out.

According to claim 20, a two-way valve is provided with a spring-shaped cup-shaped cuff that can be formed at one predetermined pressure by the connections between the pressure fluid inlet and one valve chamber / ^s into which the radial openings lead. Changes to the spring force, especially by producing a single bias, can be determined by one limit of the air pressure, from which the supply of fluid under pressure to the valve chamber will be released and the * double stroke cylinder transferred to the fully drawn end position - ie. into alert position.

It is advantageous for the two-way valve orifice to be connected to the first adjacent cylinder chamber for introducing pressure upon it, wherein the radial orifices are connected to one sealing chamber in an external sealing cylinder.

The pressure-operated two-way valve can, as claimed in claim 22, be simply and rationally used as a supplementary valve, whereby elements driven by pressurized fluid, typically at least one single-cylinder, in a pneumatic cylinder plant, can be brought to one predetermined minimum pressure . An auxiliary valve is inserted into the conduit by which the pressurized fluid is fed into the single-stroke cylinder. The recharge valve comprises, according to claim 22, a pressure-operated two-way valve and, in the embodiment shown here, a connecting plate attached to a two-way valve to which a pressure ripper line can be connected, which is interrupted by the recharge valve. with two-way valve radial openings. The two-way valve is made according to claim 20. The same valve structure can therefore be used for two different purposes, depending on whether it is connected to a pneumatic cylinder or to a system of multiple pneumatic cylinders.

The invention will be explained in the following with reference to the 18-figure plan. At torne:

Figure 2 shows a longitudinal cross-section of a first embodiment of a pneumatic cylinder designed as a single-cylinder cylinder, Figure 2 shows a corresponding external appearance, Figure 3 shows a detail of a single-cylinder cylinder of di-long construction size, namely, a longitudinal cross-section of a piston for z «abr ally outside, Figure Fig. 4 shows, similar to Fig. 3, a second detail of the master cylinder, namely, a longitudinal section of an angular sleeve, Fig. 5 shows, as a further detail, a longitudinal section of a support element, Fig. 6 shows, as a further detail, a boundary cap also in the longitudinal cross-section, Figure 7. shows a longitudinal section of a second embodiment of a pneumatic cylinder, constructed as a two-cylinder cylinder, Figure 8 shows the external appearance of the pneumatic cylinder of Figure 7 in the first configuration, Figure 9 shows the external appearance of the pneumatic cylinder of Figure 7 according to the following, second configuration, Figure 10 shows a first embodiment of a pneumatic cylinder according to Figure 1, with the upper portion of Figure 10 in the lower the extreme locked position, ie. the retracted position of the piston lever is shown, while the lower portion of Fig. 10 is in the upper end locked position, i. is shown in the drawn position, figure 11 represents the second embodiment according to figure 7, wherein the upper part of figure 11 is shown with the retracted position of the piston lever, while the lower part of figure 11 is shown with the drawn position of the piston lever, figure IS represents the third embodiment of the pneumatic cylinder. made here as a double stroke cylinder and a two-cylinder cylinder, wherein the lower portion shows a recessed position of the piston rod, while the upper portion shows a fully drawn piston rod position, FIG. 13 shows a third embodiment in the partial stroke position, wherein the cylinder head and bottom are cylinders changed, relative to the IS image, their seats, shows the fourth performance of the pneumatic image

V r- »ί ί t cs» ---- J.. - chili mdr., Constructed as a double stroke cylinder and as a single-cylinder cylinder, the lower and upper parts of Fig. 14, in analogy to Fig. IS, show the two end positions of the piston lever, Fig. 15 shows the fourth embodiment in one partial stroke position, Fig. 1 © shows one refill valve, consisting of one pressure operated two-way valve and a core connection, and as a cross-section along line AA of Figure 17, Figure 17 shows the refill valve according to Figure

18, with a cross-section of the connection plate along the line BB ^and in Fig. 15, and Fig. 18 shows the installation of one supplementary valve in the schematically illustrated embodiment of a single-stroke, single-stroke, and double-stroke pneumatic valve system.

Figure 1 shows one pneumatic cylinder with end position locking, which can be made with diameters of 80 mm (Figures 1 and 2) or 50 mm (3 to 80). Diameter information refers to piston 12. Pneumatic cylinder consists essentially of a cylinder head 1 and a bottom 2 cylinders, which are interconnected by a cylinder tube 9. The cylinder head, the bottom of the cylinder and the cylinder tube form two cylinder chambers, 9a and 9b, which are separated by a double-sided piston 12. Piston 12 is attached between the locking lever 7, also referred to as the locking lever, and one lever and the locking lever 10.

It should be noted that the length of the cylinder chambers 9a and 9b is longer than shown in Figure 1, so that the piston 12 can be moved by the stroke length until it hits one stop, which form the front sides la and 2a of the cylinder heads and the bottom of the cylinder. The locking lever 7 and the piston rod 10 are both shown in the locked position in Figure 1, although in reality only one locking in one of the two end positions of the piston can be realized.

For locking in one of the end positions, the locking lever 7 and the piston rod 10 are made with one groove 7a and 10a respectively, which are derived with a radius of curvature corresponding to the radius of the steel balls 11 which are placed in the grooves 7a, 10a. they like to mess with her.

The construction of the sleeves 6a and 6b for the balls, which hold four beads 11 radially displaced and rotatable but not axially displaced, is further illustrated in Figure 4. The bead sleeve forms essentially a single ring having four openings circumferentially displaced at an angle of 90 °, of which the apertures 19 and 21 are visible.

The bushing sleeves, as well as the locking elements which cooperate with them, are housed in the locking chambers 2 and 23 respectively, by the formed part of the cylinder head cover 1 and the bottom of the 2 cylinders respectively. Sliding is sliding in the part of the wrapper

ΊΖ Piston 3 and 4, respectively, are fitted for locking, concentric with respect to the piston lever 10, or lever 7 for locking it in and out. The shape of the locking piston 4 is shown in more detail in Fig. 3. It is possible to see graduated cylindrical cavities 24, 25 for accepting the ball bearing bushing, as well as the supporting element 8, as shown in Fig. 1. Support part 8 moves ji v is in the direction of the main longitudinal axis indicated by the dashed line 26, pressed by the spring 18, which is only indicated, on the front side of the locking lever. The shape of the locking piston 4 is complemented by a groove 13a, shown in Figure 3, which serves to receive a ring 13 of rectangular cross-section. The opposite rear end of the locking plunger has a small recess 13b, on which a tool can be mounted to manually move the locking plunger in special cases.

The locking piston 4, which is the rear or lower locking piston of the pneumatic cylinder, slides through the rear limit cover 5. The shape of the limit cover is shown in more detail in Figure 6. It has an opening 5a for sliding passage of the rear piston 4 for locking. as well as a support surface 5b, on which the spring 17 may be pivoted on the axis 1, which moves the rear locking piston on the bead 6a and on the beads themselves 11.

The locking device in the end position shown on the left side of figure 1, with one front or outer locking piston 3, which moves through the bounding cap 5, corresponds essentially to the locking device described above with the following differences: piston 3 is not outwardly closed and does not form a space for receiving a support element, but has an opening 3a, a bucket which extends the piston rod 10 outwards. For sealing the locking chamber 22 relative to the surrounding center of the pneumatic cylinder, a rectangular cross-section sealing ring 14 is mounted near the opening 3a as well as a scraper 15. A single spring, which pushes the front locking ring 3 on the sleeve 6b, is provided and on balls 11, is denoted by 17.

For the supply of pressurized air for the activation of the p; neumatic cylinder, as well as for the selective suspension of the pneumatic cylinder, pairs of holes 27, 28 in π are used in a single plane

cylinder head, that is, 29, 30 at the bottom 'of the cylinder. The hole 27 is connected via channel 31, 32 to the cylinder chamber 9a, or to the locking chamber 22, while the hole 30 is connected via channel 34, 35 to the cylinder chamber 9b, or to the locking chamber 23.

In order to explain the operation, it should be assumed that the piston lever 10 is in the lower position, locked in the end position, in which the piston 12 rests on the front side 2a, and locking in the end position is achieved by the balls 11 engaging in the groove 7a . In contrast to the situation of the avalanche situation shown in Figure 1, in this state there is a rounded groove lOa in the piston lever displaced to the right of the balls 11 in the bead 6b. If a pneumatic cylinder is actuated, there will be pressurized air in the hole 30, which will push the piston 12 to the left. At the same time, the pressurized air entering the locking corrosion 23 will push the locking piston 4 to the right or down, so that the balls 11 in the bushing 6a will no longer be held in the shown position by the bushing portion 4a, but more so by the lever 7 for locking it, moving to the left, would have you radially outward. In order to prevent the balls 11 from entering the space from which the locking lever 7 is moved, when the locking lever moves away from the balls, the axial element 8 moves automatically, and under the action of a spring 18 acting in its cavity 8a. Moving the piston rod forward until piston 12 strikes the front face la of cylinder head 1, whereby the balls 11 in the bead sleeve 6b do not fall into the groove lOa in the piston pole, is set as shown in the drawing. The locking in the end position works if the balls 11, when the piston rod is pushed to the right, can return radially outwards from the groove 10a. , they already move the bushing portion of the 3bv locking piston to the position shown, in which they can accommodate a multiple of a larger spike than that of the piston. If the pneumatic cylinder is to be unlocked in the event of a pressure supply failure, this can be achieved by pulling the locking piston 3 forward or outwards, analogously to pulling the locking piston 4 to the other extreme position by engaging a tool in its recess. 13b.

Figure 10 shows clearly both end positions of piston 12, or piston rod 12, described in connection with Fig. 1. For friction shows the upper part of the drawing, above the longitudinal axis 26, the piston and piston pole angle in the lower end locked position, corresponding to the recessed the piston pole position. It can be seen that piston 12 is located on the front side 2a of the bottom of the cylinder. In the drawing on the right, the locking device shown in the end position is activated as the balls 11 are lowered into the groove 7a. The left locking device in the end position is not activated because the locking piston 3 is so pulled back that the beads 11 in the sleeve are radially directed to the line where they can be rolled over the outer surface of the piston pole 10.

The lower part of Fig. 10 shows, on the other hand, the complete upwardly extending end position of the piston pole 10. The drawbar can only be drawn out when the pressure air introduced through the hole 30, piston 4 for locking move her van to the right, so. beads il can be etched from groove a, with the beads moving radially toward the line. Under the action of pressurized air, piston 12 will be pushed to the front side of cylinder head I 1. In this position, the balls 11 are pushed into the groove lOa of the piston rod by the action of piston 3 to lock the nr which is actuated by a spring. This spring is not shown in Figure l · ', nor is the corresponding spring in piston 4 for locking.

The embodiment of the pneumatic cylinder according to Figures 7 to & of the two-cylinder cylinder differs from the execution according to the pictures described above, in particular Figures 1 and 2, essentially per tonne of flight only one cylinder head 41 made with the alignment of holes in one plane 61 , 62, of which h each is optionally used for supplying pressurized air and cb ~; an and umatic cylinder. In addition, ri 1 and n-gift ~ 3 head 41 and cylinder bottom 42 are interchangeable, taro da. the suspension can be optionally carried out on the upper part of the pneumatic cylinder, as in Fig. S, or on its lower part, according to Fig. 9, respectively, towards the towers where the cylinder head 41 is affected. It should be noted that the illustrations in Figures 3 and 9 are rotated to SO 'about longitudinal axis 26 relative to Figure 7.

For the sake of explanation of Figure 7, it should be noted that the supply of air under pressure from the hole 61 to the first cylinder chamber 63 is made through the duct 64 and not the gap shown ^: piston lever 51. The air supply to the sealing chamber 45 is made through the gap on the piston lever 51. The connection of the pressurized air supply between the hole 52 and the interlocking chamber 46 on the right or bottom end of the pneumatic cylinder is made through channels 47, 4S, as well as one intermediate space between the cylinder tube 49 and one protective tubes 50, which interconnect the cylinder head and the cylinder head. The second cylinder chamber 65 is powered by pressurized air through a gap .pol uge 52 for. you messed with them. The piston 53 will, depending on which of the holes 61, 62, is supplied with air under pressure. move forwards, or nailers, or backwards or forwards, while at the same time switching off the external locking devices in the cutting position on the rear locking piston 44 or on the front piston 43 for. messed up with her.

In Fig. 11, the recessed position of ki and the pole position 51 in the upper part of the image, i.e. above the longitudinal axis 66, while the plunger lever position is drawn at the bottom of the same image. In the recessed position, they engage the balls, which are not shown, in the right piston 44 to lock it into one groove on the lever 52 to lock. The balls in the area of the 1st locking piston 43 are extruded into the outer surface of the piston pole 51. Opposite the friction ball, in the fully extended lower position of the piston lever 52, the balls in the locking piston area 43 are drawn over the balls. they engage in one groove in the piston lever, while in the groove in the groove lever 52, which is located on its right wing. there are no balls radially outwardly extruding h in the area n with the right-hand locking piston 44.

From the guide to Figures 7 to 9 and 11 it is specially provided for small piston diameters, such as. an example of about 35 mm.

While single-stroke cylinders are shown in the above-described embodiments of the pneumatic cylinder, in which the only single stroke is indicated by two defined end positions in which the piston lever is locked, the following embodiments apply to the double stroke cylinders. For double stroke cylinders, the piston rod can perform a relatively large stroke and be locked at its end points, but in addition, it can also perform one defined smaller stroke, while maintaining the piston rod in this position with the existing pressure.

As a whole, the execution of the double stroke cylinder according to Figures 12 and 13 of the two-cylinder cylinder of Fig. 7 corresponds, so that the same parts in Figures 7, 12 and 13 are marked with the same area codes. It may also be omitted to repeat the description. It should be noted that when executing a double stroke cylinder according to Figures 12 and 13, the cylinder tube 49 and the protective tube 50, together with the cylinder head 41 and the bottom 42 of the cylinder, form long cylindrical chambers 63, 65 such that piston 51 can be displaced for maximum displacement. , in particular to actuate flue gas shut-off valves.

In the upper part of Figure 12, above the longitudinal axis;

: r and k azen is piston 53 in the left or upper position, in which the piston half angle 51 is fully extended. In the lower part of Fig. 12, below the longitudinal axis 67, is opposite the friction piston 53 in its right or left end position, corresponding to the retracted position of the piston lever 51. In Fig. 13, the piston 53 occupies one intermediate position corresponding to the partial stroke of the piston lever 51.

The embodiment of the double stroke cylinder according to FIGS. 12 and 13 is different from that of FIG. 13, first of all by the fact that inside the aperture 68 C see FIG. 133 of the piston lever, as well as inside the aperture 69 within the locking lever 70 connected by a piston bolt; a lever in the piston region, axially move the jive-mounted guide lever 71. At the end of the guide lever facing the opening 68, a sliding jivo-boundary b 72 is mounted. In Fig. 13, which can rest on one tapered front face 73 of the locking lever 70 and there he forms an arrangement. At the surrond end, an auxiliary lever 74 is secured to the guide lever 71 by a thread, which can be wedged to a larger diameter. you are doing a restricted walk and a partial walk.

To allow the auxiliary locking lever 74 to be locked out of the rear piston 75 for locking, a head 76 is mounted on the piston 75 for locking it in, and it is open to the front, to which it is mounted. one sex cylinder 77 for locking. In the cylinder 77, the pivot pin ι ρ 78 is pivotally mounted, which relies on the limit cap 80 under the action of only the specified spring 80. Parts 77 to 80 serve, together with the element discussed above, to restrict travel, ie. for locking the piston lever in one partial stroke. Because of this i?

the auxiliary piston 78 has a bushing portion 81, under which the beads 82 can be locked in position when engaging in the annular groove 83 in the auxiliary pole uzi 74 to engage it. Then, by the circumference of the groove 83 ', it is placed in a groove 83, in the form of a wreath, grouped one to the other with small balls and ca.

In the same way, groups of smaller balls 84 and 85 are supported by Rocks in the regions of bushes 86 and 87, so that they can be pushed into annular grooves 88, 89 in the sealing lever 70, or in the piston lever. In order that the balls 82 and 84, respectively, with the recessed position of the auxiliary locking lever 74, or locking lever 70, uncontrollably fall into the cavity obtained in this way, the spring springs are provided! oslom elements 90, 91, on which the beads rely in these cases.

The connection between the hole 62 and one locking chamber 92, as well as the other cylinder chambers 66, is the same as that described with respect to Fig. 7. In addition, in the embodiment of Figures 12 and 13, there is one connection between locking chamber 92 and sealing chambers 93 via a conduit 94 in the head 76. The conduit 94 leads to a two-way valve 93 having a cup-shaped cuff 96, which on one side is exposed to an adjustable pressure of an elastic sleeve 97 and can be axis ti on valve seat Ste 114. A spring 98 and a nuts 99 with a thread and a nuts 100 are used to adjust the pressure. A nuts with a thread can be secured with the help of another nut 101.

By adjusting the spring bias 98, it is determined at which pressure in the hole 62 the piston rod will be pushed into the fully extended position, after which the axis of the two locking device is on the auxiliary lever 74 for locking it in and out. In tone: the target is a valve space 102 in the elastic sleeve 97, in which the pressure supplied through the duct 94 to draw a cuff 96 opposite the force of the spring due to the shaft opening 103a and the valve opening 103. In this way, the pressurized air through the radial openings 104, 105 can reach the locking chamber 93, thereby pushing the locking piston 78 to the right or down, so that its bush part 81 releases the ball 82 which can be displaced from of the groove 83, when the piston 53 is displaced completely to the left, or downwards, to the fully drawn position due to pressure in the cylinder chamber 63. This position, as discussed above, is shown in the upper portion of Figure 12, Here, they engage the beads 85 into the groove 89 of the Ifclip lever to provide a large locking force, or holding force, in the fully extended position.

When the pressure in hole 62 remains below a predetermined value of, for example, 5 bar, the piston performs only a partial stroke or aeration stroke. At the operating position shown in Figure 13, the pressure in the valve opening 103 is not sufficient to lift the cuff 96 of the handpiece and to establish a connection to the radius! Mh of the opening 104, 105 via the valve space 102. In this embodiment, a swelling connection is established. air between the locking chamber 93 on the auxiliary locking piston 78 and the radial opening along the outer side of the elastic sleeve 97 towards the surrounding center. This provided runoff prevents the code from arcing. or wear of the two-way valve does not result in the inadvertent axis being offset. · Ball 82 due to displacement of auxiliary piston 78 for locking var. is. The messaging lever 74 remains otherwise in the right, or lower, position. In this way, the piston 33 can only be lifted upward as pressure increases in the second cylinder chamber 65 until the stop 72 rests against the front side 73 of the locking lever 70, and the piston rod is locked in that position. The beads 85 are thus released from the groove 89 in the piston lever due to the previously withdrawn piston position, which is described in connection with the lower portion of Fig. 12,

In order to return to the starting position, or to close the flue gas outlet valves, according to the embodiment of Fig. 12 or 13, air will be supplied to one of the holes 61, 62! pressure, in which case this pressure is not cynical. These. is specifically indicated in the lower part of Fig. 12. In order to return to the original position, ie to close the flue gas outlet valve connected to the piston rod, pressure is exerted in the hole 61, which will extend along the piston rod into the chamber. 45 overpressures, as well as into the first chamber of the 63 cylinders. In this way, the piston lever 53 will be moved to the right or down, respectively, of all dc stops at the bottom 42 of the cylinder. As a result, the beads 84 are housed in an ornate groove 88 of the locking lever 70, and there will be retained by a spring pin through the bushing 86 extending thereto. In addition, by means of a stop 72, which rests on the end of the opening 68 in a piston and voiuse, the guide lever 71 i assist on lever 74 to lock in after 7?

and the bottom 42 of the cylinder cs.czj have what the zboq constructs will measure to the right, or down, to the end position it occupies in order to limit the stroke, that is, to export a partial stroke. In this position, engage the beads 82 into the groove 83 in the auxiliary locking lever, and in this position are retained by the elastic helmet to the left, or upward, of the displaced auxiliary plunger 78 for locking.

In connection with Figures 12 and 13, it should also be noted that in both figures, the cylinder head 41 of the interchangeable position, of the pneumatic cylinder without further possible, with the holes and 62 changing their functions. By replacing the cylinder head 41 with the bottom 42 of the cylinder, it is possible to change the pneumatic cylinder by means of holes 61 and 62 according to the installation conditions.

The recessed position can be obtained from both the fully drawn position in the upper portion of Fig. 12, as described above, and from the position of the partial stroke of Fig. 13, without having to remove the balls 85, since these do not fall into the groove 89 ki. and BC leverage.

Figures 14 and 15 show the same operating positions as Figures 12 and 13, but for a pneumatic cylinder having only one cylinder tube 9, and as shown in Figure 1. In the same manner as in Figure 1, the remaining unmarked parts of this two-cylinder cylinder according to FIGS. 14 and 15, up to a minor modification of the piston lever 106, which again has an opening 107 here to secure the stop 108 of the guide lever 109. The guide lever at its opposite end is screwed into an auxiliary lever 110 for locking out. , which extends through the piston 112 made with the cap 111 locked to the outer cylinder 113 for locking. External cylinder 113, including parts therein, including one two-way valve 95, constructed in the same manner as an external cylinder 77 for locking with two-way valve 95, so that the repetition of the description is superfluous. The differences between the embodiments of Figures 12 and 13 with respect to the embodiment of Figures 14 and 15 occur with the cylinder head 1 and the bottom 2 of the cylinder, for which an explanation will be made of the corresponding worksA ^ e in Figure 1. Between the hole 27 in the cylinder head 1 and cylinder chambers 9a, or locking chambers 22, are provided with connecting channels. Similarly, connecting channels between the hole 30 in one bottom of the chillin / D drawer and the second cylinder chamber 9b and the locking chamber 23 are constructed. The locking chamber 23 is connected via channel 94 to the locking chamber 93 to lock the auxiliary piston 78 to locking.

It should be noted here that in all embodiments of Figures 12 to 15, the locking of the partial stroke is augmented by pulling the auxiliary piston 78 to lock it out, even though it is released. The rear locking piston 112 can be coupled with the outer locking cylinder 113, although it is pulled out to counteract the outward position of the partial stroke by inserting some tool into the hole 115.

A two-way valve 95, activated by pressurized fluid, can be designed as a supplementary valve especially for cylinders with pressurized air, which are designed as single-stroke cylinders, and can be installed in the network of lines of a device, driven by fluid pressure, to activate a switching valve flue gas exhaust valves.

To this end, a two-way valve 95 is provided with a connection plate 116 C (see Figures 16 and 172). The two-way valve assembly 95 and the terminal board 116 is regarded as a refill valve. The design and operating principle of the two-way valve activated by pressure fluid are the same as described above. The call numbers of the only two-way valve elements will be retained in Figures 16 and 17.

The connecting arm 116 is made in the form of a square with at least one straight side 117, which seals against the equally straight side 118 of the two-way valve. Both of these elements are assisted by hex screws, which are not shown. well interconnected, and the end screws pass through the openings in the connection port 119, 120 and thread the holes with a thread in the two-way valve.

The mounting holes for the installation of the refill valves are numbered 121, 122. The first connection port 123 is provided for attachment outside the first conduit which is controlled by the pressure of a single fluid, through which the first connection port 124 penetrates. with radial opening 103a of built-in two-way valve. The second connection opening 125 for pr and k'l j learns beyond the drainage, the second conduit, is connected via the vessel part 126 openings with one transverse opening, from which they are separated, at right angles to the second connection opening and to the transverse opening, the second connection aperture 128 and a third connection port 129. The second and third connection ports overlap with the radial opening 104 and 105, respectively, of a two-way valve. The transverse opening is closed by a threaded 130 nozzle.

Depending on the pressure acting on the supplementary valve so constructed, this forms a pressure supply connection between the first connection opening 124 and the second connection opening 125:

If. the pressure in the first port 123 of the pressurized fluid does not reach one predetermined minimum value, there will be a cuff 96 of the cup shape up to rest, shown in Figure 116, pressed under the action of an elastic sleeve 97 and a spring 98 on the valve seat 114. for the passage of pressure fluid between the first and second connecting valves is interrupted. The equalization of pressure in the second connection opening 125 with the circumference in the middle can be exerted via the third connection opening 129, the radial opening 105, along the outer side of the elastic sleeve. If the pressure in the first connection port 123 is so high that the cup-shaped cuff 96 is lifted from the valve seat 114, a pressure passage is made between the first pressure opening 124, the radial opening 103a, the valve opening. 103, the valve space 102, the radial openings 104, 105, which with their parallel connection openings 128, 129 parallel, extend over the transverse opening 127, and the second connection opening 125.

'J in Fig. 18 is a schematically illustrated plant with pneumatic cylinders, one cylinder 131 s with one stroke and one cylinder 132 double stroke are provided. to activate one of the flap valves 133 and 134 respectively for smoke and heat. One T is integrated with the double stroke cylinder 132: a. pr ed ορι s ari, the pressure om resists. v i j a. n, d vos mer ni ve r, 111 i rS- ·. The pneumatic cylinder plant also includes a manually operated valve 136, one outlet through lines 137, 138, 139 being sucked in through the inlets or holes not shown, and a single stroke cylinder 131 and double stroke cylinder 132 * to the smoke and heat exhaust valves closed to the closed position. The following exit of a manually operated valve via lines 140, 141 is connected to the pressurized air supply or a single hole of the double stroke stroke Ϊ32 to replace the smoke and heat switch valves in the opposite direction for opening. A pressure fluid conduit, consisting of parts 143, 144, is separated from the connection point 142 into which a refill valve 145 is installed. The recharge valve is re-operated with pressure. The pressurized fluid conduit, comprising parts 143, 144, extends to the point of supply of the pressurized air, or to one of the holes of the single stroke cylinder 131. If the pressure in the manual valve 135 acting on the duct 140 does not exceed one predetermined pressure, the double-stroke cylinder 132 of the flue gas and heat exhaust valve 134 is moved to the first open position, so that the two-way valve 135 connects to the valve. enjoy the walk. As in this pressure zone, a operated two-way valve interrupts the pressure fluid conduit consisting of parts 143, 144, the smoke and heat removal valve 133 will not be activated, only in the event of an alarm when the pressure in the manual valve exceeds a predetermined pressure will bring valve 145 to replenish that pressure to the pressure fluid supply section 144, and thence to a single stroke cylinder 131 that rotates the smoke and heat relief valve 133 to the open alarm position. In addition, it releases the two-way valve 135 on the double-stroke cylinder 132 for a longer actuation stroke, which opens the smoke and heat exhaust valve 144 to the appropriate extent Sire opens.

Numerous variants of a pneumatic cylinder plant can be conceived, which can conveniently use a refill valve and a two-way valve, both of which are pressure controlled and essentially structurally the same.

Claims (15)

Patent claims Pneumatic cylinder with extreme locking, in particular for the activation of the chimney flap in flue gas and heat exhaust systems, with a double piston, which can be moved in a counter-cylinder with two cylinder chambers by means of a pressure medium, as well as with at least one blocking device which is connected to the piston rod, characterized in that it is movable concentrically relative to the piston rod (10), which is outside the closed cylindrical chambers (9a, 9b) and in the immediate vicinity of the respective cylindrical chamber. with adjacent cylindrical spaces (9a or 9b) in such a connection that a pressure means is passed so that each block piston (3, 4) comprises a tubular section (eg 4a) which encloses radially guided spheres (11) in the block position; which partially engage the annular groove (10) connected to the piston rod (10), and which releases the balls radially outwards when they are axially moved. Pneumatic cylinder with extreme locking, in particular for the activation of the chimney flap in flue gas and heat exhaust systems, with a double piston, which can be moved in a counter-cylinder with two cylinder chambers by means of a pressure medium, as well as with at least one blocking device which is connected to the piston rod, characterized in that it is movable concentrically relative to the piston rod (10), which is outside the closed cylindrical chambers (9a, 9b) and in the immediate vicinity of the respective cylindrical chamber. with adjacent cylindrical spaces (9a or 9b) in such a connection that a pressure means is passed so that each block piston (3, 4) comprises a tubular section (eg 4a) which encloses radially and rolling guides (11 in block positions) ), which partially engage the annular groove (10) connected to the piston rod (10), and which releases the balls radially outwards when they are axially moved. Pneumatic cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that the spheres in the circumferential direction of the groove flush with each other in the circumferential direction of the groove. Pneumatic cylinder according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the double-sided piston (12) is fixed between the piston rod (10) and the locking rod (7), which is aligned with the piston rod, and that there is a blocking rod in addition to the piston rod (10). (7) fitted with one annular groove (7a) for partial reception of the blocked balls (11). Pneumatic cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each block piston (3, 4) with at least one spring (17) is pressed in the direction of adjacent balls (11). 5 Pneumatic cylinder according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each block piston (3, 4) comprises a projecting section from the pneumatic cylinder. Pneumatic cylinder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the internal piston (10) is disposed on the block piston (3) which is movable on the piston rod (10). 10 one outer toms ring (14, 15). Pneumatic cylinder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the two ends of the pneumatic cylinder is closed by a backing cap (5) which is in each case concentric with respect to the piston rod (10) or. the block rod (7) forms at least one 15 space for receiving springs (support surface 5b) and one stop for block pistons. Pneumatic cylinder according to claim 8, characterized in that the section of the locking piston (3) from the back cover (5) comprises a bore (3a) through which the piston rod (10) is movably guided. Pneumatic cylinder according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the projecting portion of the locking piston (4) is closed from the second backing cover (5) and that the support part (8), which is aligned with the locking rod, is movable in this section. and the spring (18) pushes it towards the front. Pneumatic cylinder according to one of Claims 1, 3 to 10, characterized in that the balls (11) are rollable and radially movable in the ball sleeve (6a, 6b). Pneumatic cylinder according to claims 1, 2, 3, 7 and 8, characterized in that the piston blocks are 30 (4), the support part (8) and the backrest (5) with the spring space at least partially arranged so as to concentrate on each other concentrically. Pneumatic cylinder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connectors (blind holes 61, 62) for the pressure medium of the two cylinder spaces (63, 65) are arranged on the cylinder head (41) and the cylinder head and bottom ( 42) cylinders are interchangeable. 5 Pneumatic cylinder according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that one of the connectors (blind hole 27 or 30) for the pressure means of both cylinder spaces (9a, 9b) is arranged at each head (1) and bottom ( 2) cylinders, and that a similarly designed blind connection (blind hole 28 and 29) is arranged opposite each pressure port connection. Pneumatic cylinder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cylinder head (1), the cylinder bottom (2), the piston blocks (3, 4), the back cover (5), the ball sleeves (6a, 6b), the blocks the pole (7) and the support portion (8) consist of an AlCuMgPb alloy. 15 Pneumatic cylinder according to claim 15, characterized in that the piston rod consists of V2A steel. 17. Pneumatic cylinder according to one of Claims 1 to 9, 12 to 16, characterized in that for the design of the pneumatic cylinder as a bilaterally acting cylinder it is coaxial with 20 a piston rod (51) and opposite thereto a movable additional block rod (74) which is limited to the partial stroke of the piston rod and projected from one of the two piston blocks (opposite to the piston rod (flap 72, front side 73)). 75) that an external block cylinder (77) is disposed externally on this block piston (75), in which the additional block piston (78) is disposed in a movable manner, which with a coil section (81) in 25, the partial stroke positions the ball (82), which is gripped into the annular groove (83) in an additional block rod and is otherwise radially movable, and which radially outwards releases the movable ball (82) when it is axially displaced, and gives an additional the block piston (78) is connected to the next adjacent cylinder space (65) via a pressure-controlled control valve (95) in excess of a predetermined pressure. 18. A pneumatic cylinder according to claim 17, characterized in that the guide rod (71) is movable in the bore (68) of the piston rod (51), the first end of which comprises a stop (72) which restricts the reciprocity of the piston rod and the guide rod, and whose the other end is connected to an additional block rod (74). Pneumatic cylinder according to claim 17, characterized in that the control valve (95), when exceeding a predetermined pressure, creates an air leakage connection (channels 104, 105) from the pressure compartment (93) of the rod on the additional blocking piston (78) outwards. Pneumatic cylinder according to claim 17 or 19, characterized in that the inlet valve (95) comprises a spring loaded pot cuff (96) which closes the valve bore (103) connected to the pressure inlet on one side against the valve space (102) , into which the holes (104, 105) extend. Pneumatic cylinder according to claim 20, characterized in that the valve bore (103) of the control valve (95) is connected to the next adjacent cylinder space (65) so as to pass the pressure means, and that the radial holes (104, 105) lead to a block. the pressure chamber (93) in the outer block cylinder (77). Arrangement of a pneumatic cylinder, in particular when using at least one single-stroke cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that a connecting valve comprising a pressure-controlled inlet valve (95) is arranged in the discharge line to the single-stroke cylinder. and an attachment plate (116) attached thereto, such that the overflow valve (95) comprises a spring loaded crucible (96) which closes the valve bore (103) connected to the supply of the pressure means to the valve space (102) on one side. whose holes (104, 105) extend so that the connecting plate (116) comprises a first connecting hole (123) and a second connecting hole (125) to which the pressure medium conduit can be connected, and that the connecting holes are via connecting holes (128, 129) directly connected to the radial holes (104, 105) of the control valve.