SI8910225A - Piston engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The IC engine has rotatable inlet and outlet valves for the admission and release of liq. and gas. A head (2) of a working cylinder (1) has a through hole (4) arranged vertically to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder. A sliding bush (5) is enbedded in the hole and is rotatably attached at both ends with sections (7) in the housing, with a control tube (9) slidingly and rotatably arranged in the bush. USE/ADVANTAGE - IC engine which avoids the need for a special transmission to drive the valves and which reduces the radial force of the piston against the cylinder.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention relates to the field of piston propulsion and working machinery for liquids and gases or vapors.

In the international classification of patents, the object of the invention is classified in subgroup F

C.

TECHNICAL PROBLEM

Starting from a piston machine, comprising in the working cylinder and relative to the latter a translationally moving piston, which is connected to the crankshaft via a drawbar, having an inlet or an inlet. drainage of fluid or. gas or steam projected rotary inlet or. drain valve, object of the invention is based on the problem of how to modify the structure of the object in order to avoid the installation of special mechanisms for actuating the valves while reducing the radial force of the piston on the working cylinder.

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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A piston machine comprising, in the working cylinder and relative to the latter, a translationally moving piston connected via a drawbar to a crankshaft, having an inlet or an inlet. drainage of fluid or. gas or steam projected rotary inlet or. drain valve is already known. .

The disadvantage of this type of piston machine is that the valves are driven either via chain or. gears or camshafts, which results in the installation of additional transmission mechanisms, thereby increasing the weight of the machine.

A further disadvantage is that the translationally moving piston during the working stroke exerts a heavy load on the working cylinder in the radial direction of the cylinder, which causes wear of both the cylinder and the sealing rings, as well as the lateral oscillations of the machine are therefore stronger.

DESCRIPTION OF THE TECHNICAL PROBLEM SOLUTION WITH EXAMPLES

The described technical problem is optimally solved by the fact that the cylinder head comprises a through hole arranged perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder, in which there is a sliding sleeve which is pivotally mounted in its housing with its projecting portions on both ends of the head, while being in the sleeve. sliding tilting spaced steering tube. The cylindrical roller is designed on its away from the head facing end with diametrically arranged, longitudinally intensive sliding lugs, which serve as supports for the crankshaft head, with a sliding catch between the sliding lugs and the crankshaft head. The piston and connecting rod are designed for this purpose in one piece.

The control tube is transformed into a supply section and a discharge section with a partition wall and is designed around a circumference by a series of longitudinally intense holes. The inside of the cylinder is connected to a hole in the head with a pair of one another at an angle of standing and parallel and longitudinally intense holes, which are consistent with the steam on the bush of the arranged holes.

In a further embodiment of the piston machine according to the invention, a control tube fixed directly on the housing is directly slidably rotated in the through hole of the head, the control tube on each side of the partition wall being each time designed with a longitudinally intensive inlet hole and a drainage hole and the inside of the cylinder is connected to the head hole by a longitudinally intense through hole.

In a further embodiment of the machine according to the invention, a control sleeve is slidably arranged in the head hole, which is formed around a circumference by a series of evenly spaced, longitudinally intense holes, and in the sleeve, a control tube fixed to the housing is arranged in a loose, sliding grip. The control tube is designed in the area of its first end by a 'toothed tooth' which is in the grip with a set of steering gear teeth, said string being designed in the area of the first end of the steering bushing. The tooth splitting is equal to the maximum maximum amplitude of the cylinder.

In the following, I concretise the description based on the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, where Fig. 1 shows a piston machine according to the invention in cross-section along the crankshaft; Fig. 2 piston machine with Fig. II in cross-section along line II-II, Fig. 3. according to the invention and in modification I, in cross-section along the piston and transversely to the crankshaft, Fig.4a is a piston machine according to the invention and in modification II, in cross-section as in Fig. 3, in suction, Fig.4b is a machine as in Fig.4a, only for compression, Fig. 4c machine as in Fig. 4a, only for expansion, Fig. 4d machine as in Fig. 4a, only for exhaust, Fig. 5a Detail of control tube, control bushes and, for simplicity, shown cylinder heads, in partial axonometric cross-section and suction position, FIG. 5b detail as in FIG. 5a, only in compression position; FIG. 5c detail as in FIG. 5a, only in expansion position; FIG. 5d detail as in FIG. in the exhaust position.

The piston machine according to the invention comprises a working cylinder 1 having a monolithically designed head 2 at its first end and a free end at the opposite end, the cylinder 1 having a diametrically arranged longitudinally sliding nozzle 3 arranged at its free end. in the region of its central region, a through hole 4 arranged perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the roller 1, in which a circularly designed sliding sleeve 5 is fixed, the latter being partly pivotally supported in their bearings 6 in the bearings 6 of the housing 7. The interior of the cylinder 1 is connected to the hole 4 of the head 2 by a pair of each other at an angle a, optionally 30 °, of standing, mutually parallel and longitudinally intense holes 8. In the sleeve 5, the control tube is fixedly slidably rotated with respect to the housing 7. 9, which, in its transverse direction, is inclined with a slanted partition wall 10 into an inlet section 11 and an outlet section 12, and is designed with a string longitudinally inte The fixed sleeve 5 is also designed with a pair of holes 14 that are consistent with a pair of holes 8 of the cylinder 1.

In the cylinder 1, there is further a sliding displacement of the working piston 15, equipped with piston rings 16, which is connected to the crankshaft 17 by means of a crankshaft 19, which is pivotally mounted on the shaft 17 by a crankshaft head 20 and by a piston. is rigidly connected; in this case, the piston 15 and the connecting rod 19 are designed in a single, monolithic piece. The connecting head 20 is designed in such a way that, with its extreme opposite faces 21, it is in a sliding, loose match with the sliding lugs 3 of the cylinder 1.

In the case of the piston machine according to the invention acting as a working machine, an unpowered drive machine is connected in a known manner to the crankshaft 17 by itself. In the motion of the upper deadlock (ZML) piston 15-fig.l, FIG. 2, the cylinder 1 is rotated about the longitudinal axis of the pipe 9 in the direction of arrow A, the sleeve 5 being twisted together with the cylinder 1 so that it opens more and more one of the holes 13 in the inlet section 11, thereby connecting to the hole 8 in the cylinder head 2 and the hole 14 of the bushing 5, thereby opening the path for the medium to flow through the inlet section of the casting cylinder 1. one of the extreme positions (shown in Fig. 2 with the dashed line), which is given by a maximum rotation angle of half angle a, in the case of 15 °. As the piston 15 moves towards the lower dead position (SML), the roller 1 moves more and more toward the zero position (shown in solid line in FIG. 2), while closing the hole 13 which served to feed the media more and more until when the piston position in the SML is completely closed.

The piston 15 then starts to move in the opposite direction toward the head 2 of the roller 1, and the roller 1 moves more and more in the opposite direction to the arrow A, opening more and more the holes 13 in the drainage section 12, thereby allowing that the piston 15 pushes the medium through the hole 8 of the head 2, the hole 14 of the bushing 5 and the hole 13 of the drainage section 12 of the control tube 9 to the open. Here again, the maximum deviation of the cylinder 1 from its vertical axis in the zero position is equal to the half angle a, in the given case 15 °. After the maximum deflection of the cylinder 1 is reached, the cylinder 1 begins to approach the zero position and the piston 15 is ZML (Fig. 2), with the hole 13 closing more and more until it is completely closed at the achieved ZML of the piston 15, and then Repeat the whole process the same way with the continued operation of the device.

The piston machine according to the invention and in the modification I shown in FIG. 3 differs from the previously described embodiment in that the inside of the cylinder 1 is connected to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder 1 by a longitudinal and longitudinally intense one through the longitudinal axis of the cylinder 1. hole 22, and the control tube 9 is mounted directly in the hole 4 of the head 2 by means of a transient, sliding catch. As in the embodiment described above, the control tube 9 with a partition wall 10 is also divided into a supply section 11 and a discharge section 12, wherein on each side of the wall 10, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the pipe 9, the longitudinally intake inlet hole 23 and the discharge hole 24, which are in accordance with the hole 22, are each designed. The control tube 9 is positioned in its through hole 4 of the head 2 such that its wall 10 tightly closes hole 22 when roller 1 is in the zero position (shown by the solid line in Fig. 3).

The operation of the piston machine in modification I is further described in the case where the piston machine acts as a compressor.

An unpowered drive machine is connected to the crankshaft 17. When the piston 15 is moved from the ZML (shown in dashed line in FIG. 3), the cylinder 1 rotates about the longitudinal axis of the stationary tube 9, optionally to the left of its longitudinal axis, with a hole 22 in the head 2 and a hole 23 in. tubes 9 overlap to allow the media to be sucked. Holes 22, 23 completely overlap in the extreme, if possible left, position, and then, as the piston 15 moves further, the cylinder 1 starts to move around the stationary tube 9 in the opposite direction, holes 22,23 increasingly overlap until they are in the SML piston. completely offset against each other, the hole 22 of the head 2 being closed by the wall 10. Further rotation of the crankshaft 17 causes the piston 15 to move from the SML, with the cylinder 1 rotating about the pipe 9, optionally to the right, while the hole 22 of the head 2 and the drainage hole 24 in the pipe 9 begin to cover, thus allowing the media to be extruded from the cylinder 1. After the extreme deviation of the cylinder 1 to the right, when

- The holes 22, 24 overlap as much as possible, and as the pistons 15 against ZML continue to move, the overlap decreases until hole 22 is completely closed with wall 10 in ZML. The process is then repeated by sucking again.

The piston machine according to the invention and modification II comprises, like the previous embodiment, a roller 1 with a head 2, which is designed with a through hole 4. In the latter, a control sleeve 25 is slidably rotated, which is formed at its circumference by a string for division t, which in in the present example, 60 °, of equally spaced, longitudinally intensified holes 26. In the sleeve 25, a goat 9 is fixed in a loose, sliding fit in the previous embodiment, which is fixedly fixed to a non-shown housing. The control tube 9 has a tooth 27 (FIG. 5) in the region of its first end and at its outer circumference, which, on a principle, ratchets a set of teeth 28, which is designed in the region of the first end and at the inner circumference of the steering bush 25, wherein the tooth division 28 is equal to twice the maximum amplitude of the cylinder 1, which in the present case is 30 °.

The piston machine according to the invention and in the modification II operates as a four-stroke internal combustion engine as follows.

Assuming that the starting position of piston 15 is in the ZML, then the suction starts when it moves towards SML. The cylinder 1 starts to rotate about the body axis of the control tube 9, while simultaneously turning the control bushing 25, which by a set of teeth 28 skips the thrust tooth 27 of the pipe 9, overlapping one of the holes 26 of the bushing 25 and the hole 22 of the head 2 This opens the path for the supply of combustion medium (Fig.4a, 5a), is down the inlet section 11 and through the hole 23 of the pipe 9, through the holes 26 and 22 inside the cylinder 1, in the direction of the arrow B. When the cylinder 1 reaches its maximum deflection, as the piston 15 moves further towards the SML, the cylinder begins to rotate back to its initial position position, taking with it the sleeve 25, which increasingly closes the hole 22 until the latter is completely closed when the piston 15 reaches the SML. The piston 15 now begins to move toward the ZML (compression; FIGS. 4b, 5b), with the roller 1 rotating about said pivot, while the sleeve 25 remains stationary. Upon reaching the ZML, the piston 15 starts to move again towards the SML (expansion; Fig. 4c, 5c), with the cylinder 1 rotating in the same direction as the suction. The roller 1 also carries a bush 25, i.s. for one tooth 28 in a row, which is 30 ° in the given case, but the hole 22 is still closed with a sleeve 25. At the last stroke of the piston machine (exhaust; Figs. 4d, 5d), the piston 15 moves towards the ZML, the cylinder 1 be at that

-7 turns, optionally to the right, with holes 22 and 26 increasingly overlapping, allowing exhaust in the direction of arrow C, through holes 22, 26 and 24 into the drainage section 12 of control tube 9. The machine is thus prepared for the next cycle, ie sucking.

For:

Mitja Čebulj

FATEMT OFFICE * LJUBLJANA

20535

Claims (7)

PATENT APPLICATIONS 1. A piston machine, comprising in the working cylinder and relative to the latter a translationally moving piston, which is connected to the crankshaft by means of a drawbar, having an inlet or an inlet. drainage of fluid or. gas or steam projected rotary inlet or. outlet valve, characterized in that the cylinder head (2) (1) comprises a through hole (4) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder (1), in which a sliding sleeve (5) is provided, which is provided with both ends at both ends. from the head (2), the pivoting sections are pivotally mounted in the housing (7), with the steering tube (9) sliding in the sleeve (5). Piston machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder (1) is formed on its away from the head (2) of the inverted end by diametrically arranged, longitudinally intensive sliding nozzles (3). Piston machine according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the control tube (9) with the partition wall (10) is transformed into the inlet section (11) and the outlet section (12) and is formed at its circumference by a series of longitudinally intense holes (3). 13). Piston machine according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the interior of the cylinder (1) is connected to a hole (4) in the head (2) by a pair of one to another at an angle (a) of standing and parallel and longitudinally intense holes (8), which are consistent with the steam on the sleeve (5) of the holes (14). A piston machine according to claim 1 and in modification I, characterized in that a control tube (9) fixed on the housing (7) is directly slidably disposed in the through hole (4) of the head (2). the tube (9) on each side of the partition (10) is each designed with a longitudinally intensive inlet hole (23) and a drainage hole (24), while the interior of the cylinder (1) is connected to the longitudinal hole (4) of the head (2). intensely through the hole (22). -36. A piston machine according to claim 1 and in modification II, characterized in that a steering sleeve (25) is slidably rotatably arranged in the hole (4) of the head (2), which is formed at its circumference by a series of evenly spaced, longitudinal holes (26) ), and in the sleeve (25) a control tube (9) is fixed in a loose, sliding fit, which is fixed on the housing (7). Piston machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the steering tube (9) in the region of its first end comprises a pushing tooth (27) which is in the grip with a set of teeth (28) of the steering bushing (25), said a string designed in the region of the first end of the sleeve (25). A piston machine according to claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the tooth division (28) is equal to the respective maximum amplitude (a) of the cylinder (1).