SI26361A - Protective appliance on the basis of a fuse with a melting member, prevented against insertion of false fuse - Google Patents
Protective appliance on the basis of a fuse with a melting member, prevented against insertion of false fuse Download PDFInfo
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- SI26361A SI26361A SI202200074A SI202200074A SI26361A SI 26361 A SI26361 A SI 26361A SI 202200074 A SI202200074 A SI 202200074A SI 202200074 A SI202200074 A SI 202200074A SI 26361 A SI26361 A SI 26361A
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- fuse
- housing
- cover
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- electrically conductive
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000012661 Dyskinesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004870 electrical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017311 musculoskeletal movement, spinal reflex action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/54—Protective devices wherein the fuse is carried, held, or retained by an intermediate or auxiliary part removable from the base, or used as sectionalisers
- H01H85/545—Protective devices wherein the fuse is carried, held, or retained by an intermediate or auxiliary part removable from the base, or used as sectionalisers with pivoting fuse carrier
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
- H01H85/165—Casings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/47—Means for cooling
Landscapes
- Fuses (AREA)
Abstract
Izum se nanaša na zaščitni sklop (100) na osnovi električne uporovne varovalke (3, 3'), ki je prirejen za prejem dvojne oz. tandemske varovalke (3) s talilnim elementom. Namen izuma je preprečiti nehoteno vstavitev neustrezne, npr. posamične oz. enojne varovalke (3'), kar bi ob znatni prekoračitvi nazivne vrednosti varovalke (3, 3') že med samim vstavljanjem lahko privedlo formiranja obloka zaradi nezadostnega kontaktnega pritiska med okovi (32', 32") varovalke (3, 3') in priključnima nasedoma (17, 18) v ohišju varovalke. V ta namen je v pokrovu (2) predviden sedež (23) za prejem varovalke (3, 3'), ki obsega dva prekata (23', 23"), izmed katerih je vsak prirejen za prejem po ene posamične varovalke (3'). Priključna naseda (17, 18) sta razporejena ob hrbtni steni (12) ohišja (1), tako da z njima v električnem stiku lahko le varovalka (3', 3"), ki se nahaja v prekatu (23") v njuni bližini, ne pa tudi varovalka (3, 3') v preostalem prekatu (23').The invention relates to a protective assembly (100) based on an electric resistance fuse (3, 3'), which is adapted to receive a double or tandem fuses (3) with fuse. The purpose of the invention is to prevent the inadvertent insertion of inappropriate, e.g. individual or single fuses (3'), which, if the nominal value of the fuse (3, 3') is significantly exceeded during insertion, could lead to the formation of an arc due to insufficient contact pressure between the fittings (32', 32") of the fuse (3, 3') and to the connectors (17, 18) in the fuse housing. For this purpose, a seat (23) is provided in the cover (2) for receiving the fuse (3, 3'), which comprises two chambers (23', 23"), of which each adapted to receive one individual fuse (3'). The connection lugs (17, 18) are arranged along the back wall (12) of the housing (1), so that only the fuse (3', 3"), which is located in the compartment (23") near them, can be in electrical contact with them , but not the fuse (3, 3') in the remaining chamber (23').
Description
Proti vstavljanju neustrezne varovalke zavarovan zaščitni sklop na osnovi električne uporovne varovalke s talilnim elementomA protection assembly based on an electric resistance fuse with a fusible element protected against the insertion of an inadequate fuse
Izum se nanaša na zaščitni sklop na osnovi električne uporovne varovalke s talilnim elementom, kije zavarovan proti vstavljanju neustrezne varovalke in s tem tudi proti posledicam, ki bi bile lahko s tem povezane. Po Mednarodni klasifikaciji patentov so izumi te vrste razvrščeni na področje elektrotehnike, namreč k osnovnim električnim komponentam, konkretno pa k zaščitnim napravam, pri katerih električni tok teče skozi del taljivega materiala, tako da se ob pojavu prekomernega toka električni tok prekine zahvaljujoč premeščanju taljivega materiala, še zlasti pa k ohišjem tovrstnih naprav in torej v razred H 01 H 85/165.The invention relates to a protective assembly based on an electric resistance fuse with a fusible element, which is protected against the insertion of an inadequate fuse and thus also against the consequences that could be related to it. According to the International Classification of Patents, inventions of this type are classified in the field of electrical engineering, namely to basic electrical components, and specifically to protective devices in which the electric current flows through a part of the fusible material, so that when an excessive current occurs, the electric current is interrupted thanks to the displacement of the fusible material, especially to the housings of such devices and therefore to class H 01 H 85/165.
Pri tem je izum osnovan na problemu, kako pri zaščitnem sklopu na osnovi električne uporovne varovalke, ki je prirejen za prejem dvojne oz. tandemske varovalke s talilnim elementom, preprečiti nehoteno vstavitev neustrezne, npr. enojne varovalke, kar bi ob znatni prekoračitvi nazivne vrednosti varovalke že med samim vstavljanjem lahko privedlo do nezadostnega kontaktnega pritiska in gorenja obloka, kasneje pa zaradi prenizke nazivne vrednosti varovalke tudi do nepotrebne prekinitve s tako neustrezno varovalko zaščitenega električnega tokokroga celo med regularnim delovanjem le-tega.In this case, the invention is based on the problem of how, in the case of a protective assembly based on an electric resistance fuse, which is adapted to receive a double or tandem fuses with a fusible element, prevent inadvertent insertion of an inappropriate one, e.g. single fuses, which, if the nominal value of the fuse is significantly exceeded during insertion, could lead to insufficient contact pressure and arcing, and later, due to the too low nominal value of the fuse, to an unnecessary interruption of the electrical circuit protected by such an inadequate fuse, even during its regular operation .
Zaščitni sklop na osnovi električne uporovne varovalke s talilnim elementom je opisan v EP 0 718 862 in obsega ohišje s pokrovom, v katerega je vgradljiva električna uporovna varovalka s talilnim elementom. Ohišje v osnovi sestoji iz električno neprevodnega materiala in je na svoji hrbtni strani opremljeno z nasedom in zaskočnim elementom za pritrditev ohišja na standardno priključno letev. Ohišje je na svoji pročelni strani odprto in prirejeno za prejem omenjenega pokrova, ki prav tako v osnovi sestoji iz električno neprevodnega materiala in je k ohišju prigrajen zavihtljivo, obenem pa se ohišju prilega, tako da ga je možno bodisi odvihteti v smeri vstran od ohišja in s tem omogočiti dostop v notranjost ohišja, ali pa z zavihtenjem v nasprotno smer zagotoviti zaprtje ohišja in prileganje pokrova samemu ohišju. Razen tega sta na zunanji površini ohišja predvidena električno prevodna priključka, preko katerih je zaščitni sklop povezljiv v vsakokraten električni tokokrog. Bočni steni ohišja sta načeloma ravni in med seboj vzporedni, kar omogoča vgradnjo več ohišij drugo ob drugem na taisto priključno letev. Omenjeni pokrov je prirejen za prejem električne uporovne varovalke s talilnim elementom, in sicer standardne varovalke s cilindričnim cevastim električno neprevodnim keramičnim okrovom, ki je na obeh koncih zaprt z električno prevodnima okovoma, ki sta med seboj električno povezana preko talilnega elementa, ki poteka po notranjosti omenjenega cevastega okrova varovalke. Kadar je pokrov odvihten iz ohišja, je možno vanj vstaviti ali iz njega odstraniti omenjeno varovalko, ki v takem primeru ni povezana z električnim tokokrogom, v katerega je vgrajen zaščitni sklop. V notranjosti ohišja sta na voljo električno prevodna kontakta, v katera sta vsak zase z zaskočenjem vstavljiva omenjena električno prevodna okova varovalke in ki sta vsak zase električno povezana s po enim izmed omenjenih električno prevodnih priključkov na zunanji površini ohišja in s tem tudi električno povezljiva v vsakokraten električni tokokrog. Po zaprtju pokrova je ohišje zaprto, pri čemer se pokrov popolnoma prilega ohišju, varovalka v notranjosti pokrova oz. ohišja pa je vključena v električni tokokrog zahvaljujoč zaskočenju njenih električno prevodnih okovov v kontakta v notranjosti ohišja. Omenjena kontakta sta lahko zasnovana bodisi v obliki polkrožno ukrivljenih kovinskih trakov ali iz v obliko črke U ukrivljenega električno prevodnega traku, kar je predlagano npr. v US 6,692,315 BI, ali pa kot dvojica med seboj razklenljivih elastično vpetih naslonov, kakor je to predlagano v WO 2007/131868 Al.A protective assembly based on an electric resistance fuse with a fusing element is described in EP 0 718 862 and comprises a housing with a cover in which an electric resistance fuse with a fusing element can be installed. The housing basically consists of an electrically non-conductive material and is equipped on its back with a catch and a snap element for attaching the housing to a standard terminal strip. The housing is open on its front side and adapted to receive the mentioned cover, which also basically consists of an electrically non-conductive material and is attached to the housing in a hinged manner, and at the same time fits into the housing, so that it can either be swung away from the housing and thereby enabling access to the inside of the case, or by swinging in the opposite direction, ensure the case is closed and the cover fits the case itself. In addition, two electrically conductive connectors are provided on the outer surface of the housing, through which the protective assembly can be connected to the respective electrical circuit. The side walls of the housing are generally flat and parallel to each other, which enables the installation of several housings side by side on the same connection rail. Said cover is adapted to receive an electric resistance fuse with a fusing element, namely a standard fuse with a cylindrical tubular electrically non-conductive ceramic cover, which is closed at both ends by electrically conductive fittings, which are electrically connected to each other via a fusing element running along the inside said tubular fuse cover. When the cover is lifted from the housing, it is possible to insert or remove the mentioned fuse, which in such a case is not connected to the electrical circuit in which the protective assembly is installed. There are electrically conductive contacts inside the housing, into which the aforementioned electrically conductive fuse fittings can each be inserted by snapping, and which are each electrically connected to one of the aforementioned electrically conductive connectors on the outer surface of the housing and thus also electrically connectable to each electrical circuit. After closing the cover, the case is closed, whereby the cover fits perfectly into the case, the fuse inside the cover or and the housing is included in the electrical circuit thanks to the snapping of its electrically conductive fittings into the contacts inside the housing. The mentioned contacts can be designed either in the form of semicircular bent metal strips or from an electrically conductive strip bent in the shape of the letter U, which is suggested for example in US 6,692,315 BI, or as a pair of elastically clamped backs that can be opened from each other, as proposed in WO 2007/131868 Al.
Električna uporovna varovalka je ena izmed standardiziranih varovalk po standardu IEC 60947-1:2004 (E) oz. 60947-1:2020, ena izmed izpeljank pa je opisana tudi v WO 2021/101453 Al.The electric resistance fuse is one of the standardized fuses according to IEC 60947-1:2004 (E) or 60947-1:2020, and one of the derivatives is also described in WO 2021/101453 Al.
Pri rešitvi zaščitnega sklopa po EP 0 718 862 gre za razmeroma obsežno ohišje, ki je prirejeno za sodelovanje z razmeroma majhno varovalko s temu primemo nizko nazivno vrednostjo. V takem primeru se med prevajanjem električnega toka skozi talilni element varovalke v slednji sicer generira določena količina toplote, ki pa je praktično zanemarljiva in ne privede do znatnega povišanja temperature v ohišju zaščitnega sklopa, še posebej pa ne do tolikšnega, da bi to lahko privedlo do strukturnih sprememb v materialu ohišja, kar bi lahko imelo za posledico poslabšanje izolacijske sposobnosti samega ohišja. Zato sta bočni steni ohišja ravni, gladki in med seboj vzporedni, kar omogoča nameščanje več ohišij drugo ob drugem na taisto priključno letev. Širina ohišja je odvisna od premera varovalke, pri čemer vselej obstoji težnja, da bi bila širina ohišja čim manjša, ker zaščitni sklop potem na priključni letvi zavzame manj prostora in je možno na vsakokrat razpoložljivo površino vgraditi več zaščitnih sklopov in več varovalk.In the solution of the protective assembly according to EP 0 718 862, it is a relatively large housing, which is adapted to cooperate with a relatively small fuse, thus taking a low nominal value. In such a case, during the conduction of the electric current through the fuse's fusing element, a certain amount of heat is generated in the latter, but it is practically negligible and does not lead to a significant increase in the temperature in the protective assembly housing, especially not to such an extent that this could lead to structural changes in the housing material, which could result in a deterioration of the insulation capacity of the housing itself. That is why the side walls of the housing are flat, smooth and parallel to each other, which enables the installation of several housings side by side on the same connection rail. The width of the housing depends on the diameter of the fuse, and there is always a tendency to keep the width of the housing as small as possible, because the protective assembly then takes up less space on the terminal strip and it is possible to install more protective assemblies and more fuses on the available surface.
S tem namenom je bil razvit zaščitni sklop, ki je sicer v povsem drugačnem kontekstu opisan v tačas še neobjavljeni slovenski patentni prijavi SI-202200071 in ki je prirejen za prejem dvojne oz. tkzv. tandemske varovalke, pri kateri sta vsakokratni varovalki medsebojno zvarjeni v območju njunih okovov in v položaju, ko sc njuna okrova nahajata drug ob drugem in ko sta njuni vzdolžni geometrijski osi med seboj vzporedni, skupna dolžina obeh varovalk v sestavu pa ustreza dolžini vsake izmed njiju. V električnem smislu sta varovalki vzporedno vezani, tako da sc nazivna vrednost tandemske varovalke v primerjavi s klasično posamično varovalko praktično podvoji, pri čemer pa za njuno vgradnjo v sklop zadostuje širina ohišja, ki jo narekuje premer ene same varovalke, ki v paru s preostalo varovalko tvori tandem. Prednost uporabe tandemske varovalke v primerjavi z uporabo posamične varovalke je torej v tem, da je v ohišju enake širine kot jo ima ohišje za vgradnjo posamične varovalke, vgrajena tandemska varovalka s praktično dvakratno nazivno močjo. Problem, ki gaje pri tem potrebno upoštevati, pa je teoretična možnost, da bi uporabnik v tovrstno ohišje skušal vgraditi klasično posamično varovalko, katere nazivna vrednost je za tokokrog, v katerega je vgradljiva tandemska varovalka, načeloma neustrezna. V takem primeru bi že med vstavljanjem posamične oz. enojne varovalke lahko že zaradi prešibkega kontaktnega pritiska prišlo do formiranja obloka, kar bi lahko izzvalo požar, razen tega pa bi varovalka prekinila električni tokokrog že med regularnim delovanjem tokokroga. Iz navedenih razlogov je vsekakor na mestu, da bi pri zaščitnem sklopu, predvidenem za vgradnjo tandemske varovalke, vnaprej preprečili možnost vgradnje ene same oz. posamične varovalke.With this purpose, a protective assembly was developed, which is otherwise described in a completely different context in the then unpublished Slovenian patent application SI-202200071 and which is adapted to receive double or the so-called tandem fuses, in which each fuse is welded to each other in the area of their fittings and in a position where their casings are next to each other and when their longitudinal geometric axes are parallel to each other, and the total length of the two fuses in the composition corresponds to the length of each of them. In the electrical sense, the two fuses are connected in parallel, so that the rated value of the tandem fuse practically doubles compared to a classic single fuse, and for their installation in the assembly, the width of the housing is sufficient, which is dictated by the diameter of a single fuse, which in pair with the remaining fuse forms a tandem. The advantage of using a tandem fuse compared to the use of a single fuse is therefore that a tandem fuse with practically twice the rated power is installed in a housing of the same width as the housing for the installation of a single fuse. The problem that needs to be taken into account is the theoretical possibility that the user would try to install a classic individual fuse in this type of housing, the nominal value of which is, in principle, inadequate for the circuit in which the tandem fuse can be installed. In such a case, already during the insertion of individual or of a single fuse, due to too weak a contact pressure, an arc may occur, which could cause a fire, and otherwise the fuse would break the electrical circuit even during regular operation of the circuit. For the above reasons, it is definitely appropriate to prevent the possibility of installing a single or individual fuses.
Eden od tačas znanih zaščitnih sklopov na osnovi varovalke s talilnim elementom je sicer opisan tudi v EP 1 296 342 Al.One of the currently known protective assemblies based on a fuse with a fusible element is also described in EP 1 296 342 Al.
Predmet izuma je proti vstavljanju neustrezne varovalke zavarovan zaščitni sklop na osnovi električne uporovne varovalke s talilnim elementom. Tovrsten sklop načeloma obsega ohišje, pokrov in varovalko.The subject of the invention is a protective assembly based on an electric resistance fuse with a fuse, secured against the insertion of an inadequate fuse. This type of assembly basically includes a housing, a cover and a fuse.
Škatlasto, na svoji pročelni strani odprto ohišje sestoji iz električno izolativnega materiala in je na svoji hrbtni steni opremljeno z zaskočnim nasedom za pritrditev ohišja na priključno letev ali podobno pritrdilno sredstvo. Bočni steni ohišja sta med seboj vzporedni, na omenjeni pročelni strani pa sta na zunanji površini ohišja na voljo med seboj ustrezno razmaknjeni električno prevodni priključni sponki, preko katerih je zaščitni sklop povezljiv z vsakokratnima električnima vodnikoma in s tem v električnem smislu vgradljiv v vsakokraten električni tokokrog. V notranjosti ohišja, in sicer v neposredni bližini omenjene hrbtne stene ohišja, sta predvidena električno prevodna priključna naseda, ki sta prirejena za vgradnjo električne varovalke ob zadostnem kontaktnem pritisku med njima in varovalko, obenem pa sta vsak zase električno povezana s pripadajočo električno prevodno priključno sponko na pročelni strani na zunanji površini ohišja, preko katerih je torej tudi sama varovalka električno povezljiva v vsakokraten električni tokokrog.The box-shaped housing, open on its front side, consists of an electrically insulating material and is equipped on its back wall with a snap-on catch for attaching the housing to a connection strip or similar fastening means. The side walls of the housing are parallel to each other, and on the mentioned front side, on the outer surface of the housing, there are suitably spaced electrically conductive connection terminals, through which the protective assembly can be connected to the respective electrical conductors and thus, in the electrical sense, can be installed in the respective electrical circuit . Inside the case, namely in the immediate vicinity of the mentioned rear wall of the case, there are two electrically conductive connection sockets, which are designed for the installation of an electric fuse with sufficient contact pressure between them and the fuse, and at the same time they are each electrically connected to the corresponding electrically conductive connection terminal on the front side on the outer surface of the housing, through which the fuse itself can be electrically connected to the respective electrical circuit.
Pokrov v osnovi prav tako sestoji iz električno izolativnega materiala in je po eni strani prirejen za tesno prilegajoče se zapiranje omenjene odprte pročelne strani ohišja, po drugi strani pa je prirejen tudi za prejem varovalke. Pokrov je glede na ohišje za vnaprej določen kot, ki je potreben za vstavljanje ali odstranjevanje varovalke, zavihtljiv v območju vrtišča, kije razporejeno na enem koncu omenjene pročelne strani ohišja, tako da je geometrijska os vrtišča, okoli katere je pokrov zasukljiv glede na ohišje, pravokotna glede na omenjeni med seboj vzporedni bočni steni ohišja. Na nasprotnem koncu od omenjenega vrtišča je pokrov na svoji zunanji oz. pročelni površini opremljen z upravljalnim nastavkom. Omenjeni pokrov nadalje obsega tudi sedež varovalke, ki je zaradi zagotavljanja potrebne električne izolativnosti razporejen na zadostnem odmiku od omenjene pročelne površine pokrova, obenem na primerni oddaljenosti od omenjenega vrtišča pokrova v ohišju, hkrati pa tudi na primerni lokaciji v dosegu omenjenih električno prevodnih priključnih nasedov, tako daje v odprtem položaju pokrova, kadar je leta okoli vrtišča odvihten ven iz ohišja, v omenjen sedež pokrova možno vstaviti električno varovalko oz. jo iz omenjenega sedeža odstraniti, po drugi strani pa po zaprtju pokrova, namreč po zavihtenju pokrova okoli vrtišča v smeri proti notranjosti ohišja, v omenjeni sedež vstavljena varovalka po zaprtju pokrova lahko dospe v električni stik z nasedoma v ohišju, v katerem je zagotovljen tudi omenjen zadosten kontaktni pritisk med varovalko in omenjenima nasedoma.The cover basically also consists of an electrically insulating material and is, on the one hand, adapted for a tight-fitting closure of the aforementioned open front side of the housing, and on the other hand, it is also adapted for receiving a fuse. The cover is pivotable relative to the housing for a predetermined angle required for insertion or removal of the fuse in the region of a pivot arranged at one end of said front face of the housing, such that the geometric axis of the pivot around which the cover is pivotable relative to the housing, perpendicular to the aforementioned mutually parallel side walls of the housing. At the opposite end of the mentioned pivot, the cover is on its outer or the front surface is equipped with a control attachment. The said cover also includes the seat of the fuse, which, in order to ensure the necessary electrical insulation, is arranged at a sufficient distance from the said front surface of the cover, at the same time at a suitable distance from the mentioned pivot of the cover in the housing, and at the same time also at a suitable location within the reach of the mentioned electrically conductive connection sockets, thus, in the open position of the cover, when it is swung out of the housing around the pivot, it is possible to insert an electric fuse or remove it from the mentioned seat, on the other hand, after closing the cover, namely after turning the cover around the pivot towards the inside of the housing, the fuse inserted in the mentioned seat after closing the cover can come into electrical contact with the fuse in the housing, in which the mentioned fuse is also provided sufficient contact pressure between the fuse and the aforementioned individual.
Omenjena varovalka v splošnem predstavlja bodisi posamično varovalko s cevastim cilindričnim okrovom iz elektro-termično izolacijskega materiala, kije na obeh koncih zaprt z enostransko zaprtima cevastima okovoma, ki sta med seboj električno povezana preko talilnega elementa, ki je vstavljen skozi svetlino omenjenega cevastega okrova in prednostno obdan s sipkim materialom za gašenje obloka, ali pa tandemsko varovalko, sestoječo iz dveh posamičnih varovalk med seboj enake oblike in nazivne vrednosti, ki sta v območju omenjenih okovov med seboj v mehanskem smislu nerazstavljivo povezani v položaju, ko sta v njuni vzdolžni smeri medsebojno poravnani in sta njuni osrednji geometrijski osi med seboj vzporedni, obenem pa predstavlja v električnem smislu med seboj vzporedno vezani posamični varovalki.In general, the mentioned fuse is either a single fuse with a tubular cylindrical casing made of electro-thermally insulating material, which is closed at both ends with tubular fittings closed on one side, which are electrically connected to each other via a melting element, which is inserted through the lumen of the mentioned tubular casing and preferably surrounded by loose material for extinguishing the arc, or a tandem fuse, consisting of two individual fuses of the same shape and nominal value, which are mechanically indissolubly connected to each other in the area of the mentioned fittings in a position where they are mutually aligned in their longitudinal direction and their central geometric axes are parallel to each other, and at the same time it represents individual fuses connected in parallel to each other in the electrical sense.
Za sklop po izumu je značilno, da omenjen sedež varovalke v pokrovu obsega dva prekata, vsak izmed omenjenih prekatov pa je kot tak prirejen za prejem posamične cilindrične varovalke, tako da sta vzdolžni geometrijski osi prekatov med seboj vzporedni, obenem pa sta obe hkrati razporejeni v osrednji geometrijski ravnini med obema bočnima stenama ohišja, temu ustrezno je potem prvi prekat v pokrovu razporejen bližje pročelni strani ohišja, drugi prekat v pokrovu pa bližje hrbtni steni ohišja. Tako zasnovan pokrov je v območju prekatov omenjenega sedeža zmožen sprejeti bodisi eno samo varovalko, katere vzdolžna geometrijska os sovpada z geometrijsko osjo enega izmed omenjenih prekatov, ali dve posamični varovalki, katerih vzdolžni geometrijski osi sovpadata z geometrijskima osema omenjenih prekatov, ali pa tandemsko varovalko, katere vzdolžni geometrijski osi prav tako sovpadata z geometrijskima osema omenjenih prekatov. Pri tem pa sta omenjena električno prevodna naseda, v ohišju razporejena v neposredni bližini hrbtne stene ohišja in tako zasnovana, da v vsakega izmed električno prevodnih nasedov lahko vstopi edinole okov tiste varovalke, ki se nahaja v omenjenem drugem prekatu sedeža v pokrovu, medtem ko je neposreden električen kontakt med električno prevodnima nasedoma in varovalko v omenjenem prvem, torej bližje pročelni strani ohišja nahajajočem se prekatu sedeža, fizično preprečen. Obenem je v notranjosti ohišja na od vrtišča pokrova bolj oddaljeni strani in pri zaprtem pokrovu v območju med omenjenima prekatoma predvideno v smeri proti notranjosti ohišja štrleče prožno varovalo, katerega prožnost je tako izbrana, daje med zapiranjem pokrova, ko nanj naleti od vrtišča bolj oddaljeni okov tandemske varovalke, s katero sta zapolnjena oba prekata, varovalo zahvaljujoč svoji prožnosti odklonljivo, s čimer je proti omenjenemu varovalu štrlečemu okovu varovalke v drugem prekatu omogočen vstop v pripadajoč električno prevoden nased, medtem ko med zapiranjem pokrova z v sebi vstavljeno posamično varovalko med premikanjem okova varovalke proti varovalu omenjeni okov ostane naslonjen na neodklonjenem varovalu in na zadostnem odmiku od bližnjega električno prevodnega priključnega naseda še tudi po zaprtju pokrova.It is characteristic of the assembly according to the invention that the mentioned fuse seat in the cover comprises two chambers, and each of the mentioned chambers is adapted as such to receive an individual cylindrical fuse, so that the longitudinal geometric axes of the chambers are parallel to each other, and at the same time, both are simultaneously arranged in to the central geometric plane between the two side walls of the case, accordingly the first chamber in the cover is arranged closer to the front side of the case, and the second chamber in the cover closer to the back wall of the case. The cover designed in this way is able to accept either a single fuse whose longitudinal geometric axis coincides with the geometric axis of one of the mentioned compartments, or two individual fuses whose longitudinal geometric axes coincide with the geometric axes of the mentioned compartments, or a tandem fuse, whose longitudinal geometric axes also coincide with the geometric axes of the aforementioned chambers. In this case, the mentioned electrically conductive traps are arranged in the housing in the immediate vicinity of the back wall of the housing and are designed in such a way that only the fuse of that fuse, which is located in the mentioned second compartment of the seat in the cover, can enter each of the electrically conductive traps, while direct electrical contact between the electrically conductive parts and the fuse in the aforementioned first, i.e. closer to the front side of the housing, the seat compartment is physically prevented. At the same time, inside the housing, on the side farther from the pivot of the lid and when the lid is closed, in the area between the mentioned two chambers, a flexible guard is provided, projecting towards the inside of the housing, the flexibility of which is chosen in this way, when the fitting farther from the pivot comes into contact with it during the closing of the lid of the tandem fuse, with which both compartments are filled, the fuse is deflectable thanks to its flexibility, which allows the fuse fitting in the second compartment to enter the corresponding electrically conductive trap, while the individual fuse inserted in the lid is closed while the fuse fitting is moving against the fuse, the said fitting remains resting on the non-deflected fuse and at a sufficient distance from the nearby electrically conductive terminal block even after the cover is closed.
Pri prednostni izvedbi izuma je prvi prekat v območju v bližini vrtišča opremljen z nasedom, kije prirejen za prejem tistega izmed okovov v prvem prekatu vstavljene varovalke, ki se nahaja bližje pročelni strani ohišja. Razen tega pa pokrov v prvem prekatu, namreč v območju naleganja v smeri vstran od vrtišča obrnjenega okova varovalke na pokrov, obsega v smeri proti notranjosti ohišja štrleč in okovu prilegajoče se vbočen naslon za stabilno podprtje in pritiskanje varovalke v notranjost ohišja med zapiranjem pokrova.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first compartment in the area near the pivot is equipped with a socket, which is adapted to receive the one of the fittings in the first compartment of the inserted fuse, which is located closer to the front side of the housing. Apart from this, the cover in the first compartment, namely in the area of the contact direction away from the pivot point of the fuse fitting on the cover, includes a concave support protruding towards the interior of the housing and fitting to the fitting for stable support and pressing of the fuse into the interior of the housing while closing the cover.
Izum bo v nadaljevanju podrobneje obrazložen tudi s primeri izvedbe in v povezavi s priloženo skico, kjerIn the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with implementation examples and in connection with the attached sketch, where
Sl. 1 kaže zaščitni sklop po izumu, z zaprtim pokrovom in vstavljeno tandemsko varovalko, v izometriji;fig. 1 shows a protective assembly according to the invention, with the cover closed and the tandem fuse inserted, in isometric view;
Sl. 2 kaže zaščitni sklop v prerezu v ravnini A - A po Sl. 1;fig. 2 shows the protective assembly in cross-section in the plane A - A according to FIG. 1;
Sl. 3 zaščitni sklop po Sl. 2, tokrat z odprtim pokrovom in med vstavljanjem tandemske varovalke.fig. 3 protective assembly according to Fig. 2, this time with the cover open and while inserting the tandem fuse.
Sl. 4 kaže zaščitni sklop po Sl. 1 - 3, tokrat z vstavljeno neustrezno posamično varovalko in po zaprtju pokrova, v narisu;fig. 4 shows the protective assembly according to FIG. 1 - 3, this time with an inadequate individual fuse inserted and after closing the cover, in the drawing;
Sl. 5 kaže zaščitni sklop v prerezu v ravnini B - B po Sl. 4;fig. 5 shows the protective assembly in cross-section in the plane B - B according to FIG. 4;
Sl. 6 pa podobno kot Sl. 4 in 5 kaže zaščitni sklop po izumu z vstavljeno neustrezno posamično varovalko in neposredno pred zaprtjem pokrova.fig. 6, similarly to FIG. 4 and 5 show the protective assembly of the invention with an inadequate individual fuse inserted and immediately before the lid is closed.
Proti vstavljanju neustrezne varovalke 3, 3' zavarovan zaščitni sklop 100 na osnovi električne uporovne varovalke 3, 3' s talilnim elementom v grobem obsega ohišje 1, pokrov 2 in varovalko 3, 3'. V prikazanem primeru je sklop 100 predviden za vgradnjo v nadaljevanju podrobneje opisane tandemske varovalko 3 (Sl. 2 in 3), in pri tem omogoča zanesljivo zaščito proti vstavitvi neustrezne posamične varovalke 3' (Sl. 4 - 6).The protection assembly 100 based on the electric resistance fuse 3, 3' with a fusing element, protected against the insertion of an inadequate fuse 3, 3', roughly comprises a housing 1, a cover 2 and a fuse 3, 3'. In the example shown, the assembly 100 is intended for the installation of the tandem fuse 3 (Fig. 2 and 3), which is described in more detail below, and thereby provides reliable protection against the insertion of an inadequate single fuse 3' (Fig. 4 - 6).
Ohišje 1 je škatlasto zasnovano in je na svoji pročelni strani 11 odprto in prirejeno za prejem k ohišju 1 tesno prilegajočega se pokrova 2. Pri tem ohišje 1 sestoji iz električno izolativnega materiala in je na svoji hrbtni steni 12 opremljeno z zaskočnim nasedom 120 za pritrditev ohišja 1 na neprikazano standardizirano priključno letev ali podobno pritrdilno sredstvo, izbrano izmed številnih znanih in široko uporabljanih tovrstnih sredstev. Bočni steni 13, 14 ohišja 1 sta med seboj vzporedni, kar omogoča vgradnjo več ohišij 1 drugega poleg drugega na taisto priključno letev, kar v praksi omogoča sistematično in pregledno razporeditev ohišij 1 sklopov 100 za zaščito več različnih tokokrogov ob racionalni izrabi vsakokrat razpoložljivega prostora v električni omari ali na stikalnem panelu. Na omenjeni pročelni strani 11 na zunanji površini ohišja 1 sta na voljo med seboj ustrezno razmaknjeni električno prevodni priključni sponki 15, 16, preko katerih je zaščitni sklop 100 povezljiv z vsakokratnima električnima vodnikoma in s tem v električnem smislu vgradljiv v vsakokraten električni tokokrog, in sicer tudi v primeru, kadar je na taisti priključni letvi tesno drug ob drugem nameščenih več ohišij 100. Po drugi strani sta v notranjosti ohišja 1, in sicer v prikazanem primeru v neposredni bližini omenjene hrbtne stene 12 ohišja 1, predvidena električno prevodna priključna naseda 17, 18, ki sta prirejena za vgradnjo električne varovalke 3, 3' ob zadostnem kontaktnem pritisku med njima in varovalko 3, 3' in ki sta vsak zase električno povezana s pripadajočo električno prevodno priključno sponko 15, 16 na pročelni strani 11 na zunanji površini ohišja 1, preko katerih je torej tudi sama varovalka 3, 3' električno povezljiva v vsakokraten električni tokokrog.The housing 1 has a box-like design and is open on its front side 11 and adapted to receive a close-fitting cover 2 to the housing 1. Here, the housing 1 consists of an electrically insulating material and is equipped on its back wall 12 with a snap catch 120 for attaching the housing 1 to a not shown standardized terminal strip or similar fastening means selected from a number of known and widely used means of this type. The side walls 13, 14 of the housing 1 are parallel to each other, which enables the installation of several housings 1 next to each other on the same connection strip, which in practice enables a systematic and transparent arrangement of the housings 1 of assemblies 100 for the protection of several different circuits while making rational use of the available space in each case electrical cabinets or on the switch panel. On the mentioned front side 11 on the outer surface of the housing 1, there are electrically conductive connection terminals 15, 16, which are suitably spaced from each other, through which the protective assembly 100 can be connected to the respective electrical conductors and thus, in the electrical sense, can be installed in the respective electrical circuit, namely also in the case when several housings 100 are placed close to each other on the same connection strip. On the other hand, inside the housing 1, namely in the shown case in the immediate vicinity of the mentioned back wall 12 of the housing 1, an electrically conductive connection block 17 is provided, 18, which are adapted for the installation of the electric fuse 3, 3' with sufficient contact pressure between them and the fuse 3, 3' and which are each electrically connected to the corresponding electrically conductive terminal 15, 16 on the front side 11 on the outer surface of the housing 1 , through which the fuse itself 3, 3' can be electrically connected to the respective electrical circuit.
Omenjeni pokrov 2 v osnovi prav tako sestoji iz električno izolativnega materiala in je po eni strani prirejen za tesno prilegajoče se zapiranje omenjene odprte pročelne strani 11 ohišja 1, po drugi strani pa je prirejen tudi za prejem varovalkeSaid cover 2 basically also consists of an electrically insulating material and is, on the one hand, adapted for tightly fitting closure of said open front side 11 of the housing 1, and on the other hand, it is also adapted for receiving a fuse
3, 3'. Pri tem pa je omenjeni pokrov 2 glede na ohišje 1 v območju vrtišča 21 glede na ohišje 1 zasukljiv za vnaprej določen kot, kar omogoča vstavljanje ali odstranjevanje varovalke 3, 3'. Vrtišče 21 je razporejeno na enem koncu omenjene pročelne strani 11 ohišja 1, tako daje geometrijska os 210, okoli katere je pokrov 2 zasukljiv glede na ohišje 1, pravokotna glede na omenjeni med seboj vzporedni bočni steni 13, 14 ohišja 1. Pokrov 2 je na nasprotnem koncu od omenjenega vrtišča 21 na svoji zunanji oz. pročelni površini 20 opremljen z upravljalnim nastavkom 22. Temu ustrezno je tudi v primeru, kadar je na priključni letvi tesno drug ob drugem pritrjenih več ohišij 1, pokrov 2 vsakega izmed ohišij 1 možno s pomočjo upravljalnega nastavka 22 zavihteti okoli omenjene geometrijske osi 210 v pripadajočem vrtišču 21 zavihteti bodisi v smeri ven iz ohišja (Sl. 3 in 6) ter v pokrov 2 vstaviti ali iz njega odstraniti varovalko 3, 3', ali pa ga zavihteti v smeri proti notranjosti ohišja 1 v položaj (Sl. 1, 2, 4, 5), v katerem pokrov 2 tesno prilegajoče sc nalega na ohišju 1, ki je s tem zaprto, pri čemer je preprečen vsakršen dostop do vseh električno prevodnih komponent v ohišju 1.3, 3'. Here, the mentioned cover 2 is rotatable with respect to the housing 1 in the area of the pivot 21 with respect to the housing 1 by a predetermined angle, which enables the insertion or removal of the fuse 3, 3'. The pivot 21 is arranged at one end of the mentioned front side 11 of the housing 1, so that the geometric axis 210, around which the cover 2 is rotatable with respect to the housing 1, is perpendicular to the mentioned mutually parallel side walls 13, 14 of the housing 1. The cover 2 is on at the opposite end from the mentioned pivot 21 on its outer or the front surface 20 is equipped with a control attachment 22. Correspondingly, even in the case when several housings 1 are attached closely to each other on the connection strip, the cover 2 of each of the housings 1 can be swung around the aforementioned geometric axis 210 in the corresponding turn pivot 21 either outwards from the housing (Figs. 3 and 6) and insert or remove the fuse 3, 3' into cover 2, or turn it inwards towards the housing 1 into position (Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5), in which the cover 2 closely fits the housing 1, which is thereby closed, preventing any access to all electrically conductive components in the housing 1.
Pokrov 2 nadalje obsega sedež 23 varovalke 3, 3', ki je zaradi zagotavljanja potrebne električne izolativnosti razporejen na zadostnem odmiku od omenjene pročelne površine 20, obenem pa tudi na primerni oddaljenosti od omenjenega vrtišča 21 pokrova 2 v ohišju 1. Sedež 23 se pri tem nahaja tudi na primerni lokaciji v dosegu omenjenih električno prevodnih priključnih nasedov 17, 18. Temu ustrezno je po eni strani v odprtem položaju pokrova 2, kadar je le-ta okoli vrtišča 21 odvihten ven iz ohišja 1, v omenjen sedež 23 pokrova 2 možno vstaviti električno varovalko 3, 3' oz. jo iz omenjenega sedeža 23 odstraniti. Po drugi strani pa po zaprtju pokrova 2, namreč po zavihtenju pokrova 2 okoli vrtišča 21 v smeri proti notranjosti ohišja 1, v omenjeni sedež 23 vstavljena varovalka 3, 3' po zaprtju pokrova 2 lahko dospe v električni stik z nasedoma 17, 18 v ohišju 1, v katerem je zagotovljen tudi omenjen zadosten kontaktni pritisk med varovalko 3, 3' in omenjenima nasedoma 17, 18, ki zagotavlja nemoteno prevajanje električnega toka brez formiranja ob loka.The cover 2 further comprises the seat 23 of the fuse 3, 3', which, in order to ensure the necessary electrical insulation, is arranged at a sufficient distance from the mentioned front surface 20, and at the same time at a suitable distance from the mentioned pivot 21 of the cover 2 in the housing 1. The seat 23 is it is also located in a suitable location within reach of the mentioned electrically conductive connection sockets 17, 18. Accordingly, on the one hand, in the open position of the cover 2, when it is swung out of the housing 1 around the pivot 21, it is possible to insert the cover 2 into the mentioned seat 23 electric fuse 3, 3' or to remove it from the aforementioned seat 23. On the other hand, after closing the cover 2, namely after turning the cover 2 around the pivot 21 in the direction towards the interior of the housing 1, the fuse 3, 3' inserted in the mentioned seat 23 after closing the cover 2 can come into electrical contact with the pins 17, 18 in the housing 1, in which the mentioned sufficient contact pressure is ensured between the fuse 3, 3' and the mentioned fuses 17, 18, which ensures uninterrupted conduction of the electric current without the formation of an arc.
Varovalka 3, 3' jc v obravnavanem primeru cilindrična električna varovalka, katere osnovni gradnik predstavlja standardizirana posamična varovalka 3' s cevastim cilindričnim okrovom 31 iz elektro-termično izolacijskega materiala, ki je na obeh koncih zaprt z enostransko zaprtima cevastima okovoma 32', 32, ki sta med seboj električno povezana preko talilnega elementa, ki je vstavljen skozi svetlino omenjenega cevastega okrova 31 in prednostno obdan s sipkim materialom, še zlasti kremenčevim peskom, ki je primeren za gašenje obloka. Ob sočasni uporabi dvojice tovrstnih posamičnih varovalk 3' je možno dve posamični varovalki 3' (Sl. 4-6) nadomestiti s takoimenovano tandemsko varovalko 3 (Sl. 2 in 3), sestoječo iz dveh posamičnih varovalk 3' med seboj enake oblike in nazivne vrednosti, ki sta v območju omenjenih okovov 32', 32 med seboj v mehanskem smislu nerazstavljivo povezani, npr. zvarjeni, in sicer v položaju, ko sta varovalki 3' v njuni vzdolžni smeri medsebojno poravnani, torej njuna skupna dolžina tudi v sestavu ostane nespremenjena, obenem pa sta njuni osrednji geometrijski osi 30', 30 med seboj vzporedni, pri tem pa sta obe posamični varovalki 3' v tako dobljeni tandemski varovalki 3 v električnem smislu med seboj vzporedno vezani.The fuse 3, 3' is, in the case under consideration, a cylindrical electric fuse, the basic component of which is a standardized individual fuse 3' with a tubular cylindrical casing 31 made of electro-thermally insulating material, which is closed at both ends with tubular fittings 32', 32, closed on one side. which are electrically connected to each other via a melting element, which is inserted through the lumen of the mentioned tubular cover 31 and preferably surrounded by loose material, especially quartz sand, which is suitable for extinguishing the arc. When a pair of such individual fuses 3' is used simultaneously, it is possible to replace two individual fuses 3' (Fig. 4-6) with a so-called tandem fuse 3 (Fig. 2 and 3), consisting of two individual fuses 3' of the same shape and nominal values that are mechanically inextricably connected in the area of the mentioned fittings 32', 32, e.g. welded, namely in a position where the fuses 3' are mutually aligned in their longitudinal direction, i.e. their total length remains unchanged even in the assembly, and at the same time their central geometric axes 30', 30 are parallel to each other, and both are individual fuses 3' in the resulting tandem fuse 3 are electrically connected in parallel with each other.
Pri zaščitnem sklopu 100 po izumu pa je predvideno, da omenjen sedež 23 v pokrovu 2 obsega dva prekata 23', 23, pri čemer je vsak izmed omenjenih prekatov 23', 23 pa je kot tak prirejen za prejem posamične cilindrične varovalke 3', tako da sta vzdolžni geometrijski osi 230', 230 prekatov 23', 23, med seboj vzporedni, obenem pa sta obe hkrati razporejeni v osrednji geometrijski ravnini med obema bočnima stenama 13, 14 ohišja 1.In the protective assembly 100 according to the invention, it is provided that the said seat 23 in the cover 2 comprises two compartments 23', 23, each of the mentioned compartments 23', 23 being adapted as such to receive an individual cylindrical fuse 3', so that the longitudinal geometric axes 230', 230 of the chambers 23', 23 are parallel to each other, and at the same time both are simultaneously arranged in the central geometric plane between the two side walls 13, 14 of the housing 1.
Prvi prekat 23' v pokrovu 2 je razporejen bližje pročelni strani 11 ohišja 1, drugi prekat 23 v pokrovu 2 pa bližje hrbtni steni 12 ohišja 1. V splošnem je torej pokrov 2 tako zasnovan, daje v območju prekatov 23', 23 omenjenega sedeža 23 zmožen sprejeti bodisi eno samo varovalko 3', katere vzdolžna geometrijska os 30' sovpada z geometrijsko osjo 230', 230 enega izmed omenjenih prekatov 23', 23, ali pa dve posamični varovalki 3', katerih vzdolžni geometrijski osi 30', 30 sovpadata z geometrijskima osema 230', 230 omenjenih prekatov 23', 23, ali pa tandemsko varovalko 3, katere vzdolžni geometrijski osi 30', 30 prav tako sovpadata z geometrijskima osema 230', 230 omenjenih prekatov 23', 23. Temu ustrezno je vsakokratna tandemska varovalka 3 po odprtju pokrova 2 (Sl. 3) v omenjena prekata 23', 23 vstavljiva v položaju, v katerem sta vzdolžni geometrijski osi 30', 30 obeh posamičnih varovalk 3', ki tvorita tandemsko varovalko 3, poravnani z vzdolžnima geometrijskima osema 230', 230 obeh prekatov 23', 23', kar potem velja še tudi po zaprtju pokrova 2 (Sl. 2).The first compartment 23' in the cover 2 is arranged closer to the front side 11 of the housing 1, and the second compartment 23 in the cover 2 is closer to the back wall 12 of the housing 1. In general, therefore, the cover 2 is designed in such a way that in the area of the compartments 23', 23 of the mentioned seat 23 able to accept either a single fuse 3', whose longitudinal geometric axis 30' coincides with the geometric axis 230', 230 of one of the mentioned chambers 23', 23, or two individual fuses 3', whose longitudinal geometric axes 30', 30 coincide with geometric axes 230', 230 of said chambers 23', 23, or tandem fuse 3, whose longitudinal geometric axes 30', 30 also coincide with geometric axes 230', 230 of said chambers 23', 23. Correspondingly, each tandem fuse is 3 after opening the cover 2 (Fig. 3) in the mentioned compartments 23', 23 can be inserted in a position in which the longitudinal geometric axes 30', 30 of the two individual fuses 3', which form the tandem fuse 3, are aligned with the longitudinal geometric axes 230' , 230 of both compartments 23', 23', which then applies even after closing the cover 2 (Fig. 2).
Omenjena električno prevodna naseda 17, 18 sta v tem primeru, ko je predvidena uporaba tandemske varovalke 3, v ohišju 1 razporejena v neposredni bližini hrbtne stene 12 ohišja 1 in tako zasnovana, da v vsakega izmed električno prevodnih nasedov 17, 18 lahko vstopi edinole okov 32', 32 tiste varovalke 3, 3', ki se nahaja v omenjenem drugem prekatu 23 sedeža 23 v pokrovu 2, medtem ko je neposreden električen kontakt med električno prevodnima nasedoma 17, 18 in varovalko 3, 3' v omenjenem prvem, torej bližje pročelni strani 11 ohišja 1 nahajajočem se prekatu 23' sedeža 23, fizično preprečen.In this case, when the use of the tandem fuse 3 is planned, the mentioned electrically conductive sockets 17, 18 are arranged in the housing 1 in the immediate vicinity of the back wall 12 of the housing 1 and are designed in such a way that only one fitting can enter each of the electrically conductive sockets 17, 18 32', 32 of that fuse 3, 3' which is located in the mentioned second compartment 23 of the seat 23 in the cover 2, while the direct electrical contact between the electrically conductive parts 17, 18 and the fuse 3, 3' is in the mentioned first one, i.e. closer the front side 11 of the housing 1 located in the compartment 23' of the seat 23, physically prevented.
Ena od prednosti izuma, ki sicer ni neposredno povezana z reševanjem uvodoma zastavljenega tehničnega problema, je tudi možnost uporabe praktično identičnega ohišja 1 in tudi pokrova 2 v primeru, kadar je zaščitni sklop 100 predviden za zaščito električnega tokokroga s pomočjo ene same, torej posamične cilindrične varovalke 3'. V takem primeru bi bilo možno drugi prekat 23 s preprostimi sredstvi blindirati, tako da vanj ni možno vstaviti varovalke (3') in priključna naseda (17, 18) premakniti v območje sodelovanja z okovoma 32', 32' varovalke 3', vstavljene v prvem prekatu 23'.One of the advantages of the invention, which is otherwise not directly related to solving the technical problem posed in the introduction, is also the possibility of using a practically identical housing 1 and also a cover 2 in the case when the protective assembly 100 is intended to protect the electric circuit with the help of a single, i.e. individual cylindrical fuses 3'. In such a case, it would be possible to shield the second chamber 23 with simple means, so that it is not possible to insert the fuse (3') and to move the connecting socket (17, 18) into the area of cooperation with the fittings 32', 32' of the fuse 3' inserted in to the first ventricle 23'.
Po izumu je nadalje v kontekstu reševanja uvodoma zastavljenega tehničnega problema predvideno, daje v notranjosti ohišja 1 na od vrtišča 21 pokrova 2 bolj oddaljeni strani 19 in pri zaprtem pokrovu 2 v območju med omenjenima prekatoma 23', 23 predvideno v smeri proti notranjosti ohišja 1 štrleče prožno varovalo 190. Omenjeno varovalo 190 je sicer razmeroma trdno, obenem pa tudi dovolj prožno, da sc med zapiranjem pokrova 2, ko nanj naleti okov 32 tandemske varovalke 3, s katero sta zapolnjena oba prekata 23', 23, varovalo 190 zahvaljujoč svoji prožnosti odkloni in dopusti okovu 32 varovalke 3 prehod do pripadajočega priključnega naseda 18. Posledično je torej proti omenjenemu varovalu 190 štrlečemu okovu 32 tandemske varovalke 3 v drugem prekatu 23 omogočen vstop v pripadajoč električno prevoden nased 18.According to the invention, further in the context of solving the technical problem posed in the introduction, it is provided that inside the housing 1 on the side 19 further away from the pivot point 21 of the cover 2 and when the cover 2 is closed in the area between the mentioned compartments 23', 23 is provided in the direction towards the interior of the housing 1 flexible safety device 190. Said safety device 190 is relatively strong, but at the same time flexible enough that, during the closing of the lid 2, when the fitting 32 of the tandem safety device 3, which fills both chambers 23', 23, hits it, safety device 190 thanks to its flexibility it deflects and allows the fitting 32 of the fuse 3 to pass to the associated connection socket 18. As a result, the fitting 32 of the tandem fuse 3 in the second compartment 23 is enabled to enter the associated electrically conductive socket 18 towards the mentioned fuse 190.
Temu nasprotno pa med zapiranjem pokrova 2 z v sebi vstavljeno posamično varovalko 3', ki v obravnavanem primeru predstavlja neustrezno varovalko, med premikanjem okova 32 varovalke 3' proti varovalu 190 okov 32 ostane naslonjen na neodklonjencm varovalu 190 in obenem tudi na zadostnem odmiku od bližnjega električno prevodnega priključnega naseda 18, in sicer še tudi po zaprtju pokrova 2. Pri odprtem pokrovu 2 lahko torej uporabnik vstavi neustrezno posamično varovalko 3' bodisi v prvi prekat 23' ali pa v drugi prekat 23.On the contrary, during closing of the cover 2 with an individual fuse 3' inserted inside it, which in the case under consideration represents an inadequate fuse, during the movement of the shackle 32 of the fuse 3' towards the fuse 190, the shackle 32 remains resting on the non-deflecting fuse 190 and at the same time at a sufficient distance from the nearby electrical of the conductive terminal block 18, namely even after the cover 2 is closed. With the cover 2 open, the user can therefore insert an inadequate individual fuse 3' either in the first compartment 23' or in the second compartment 23.
Zaradi boljšega pozicioniranja varovalke 3, 3' v sedežu 23 pokrova 2 je prvi prekat 23' v območju v bližini vrtišča 21 opremljen z nasedom 231', ki je prirejen za prejem tistega izmed okovov 32', 32 v prvem prekatu 23' vstavljene varovalke 3, 3, ki sc nahaja bližje pročelni strani 11 ohišja 1. V ta namen je še nadalje predvideno, da pokrov 2 v prvem prekatu 23', namreč v območju naleganja v smeri vstran od vrtišča 21 obrnjenega okova 32', 32 varovalke 3, 2' na pokrov 2, obsega v smeri proti notranjosti ohišja 1 štrleč in okovu 32', 32 prilegajoče se vbočen naslon 202 za stabilno podprtje in pritiskanje varovalke 3, 3' v notranjost ohišja 1 med zapiranjem pokrova 2. Zahvaljujoč zlasti nazadnje omenjenemu ukrepu je po vstavljanju varovalke 3, 3' v sedež 23 med zapiranjem pokrova 2 bližje slednjemu razporejen okov 32 varovalke 3, 3' oprt na omenjenem naslonu 202 in pri tem zavarovan tudi proti nehotenemu premikanju v smeri proti eni ali drugi bočni steni 13, 14 ohišja 1.Due to the better positioning of the fuse 3, 3' in the seat 23 of the cover 2, the first compartment 23' in the area near the pivot 21 is equipped with a trap 231', which is adapted to receive one of the fittings 32', 32 in the first compartment 23' of the inserted fuse 3 . ' on the cover 2, comprises in the direction towards the interior of the housing 1 a projection and a fitting 32', 32 a fitting concave support 202 for stably supporting and pressing the fuse 3, 3' into the interior of the housing 1 during the closing of the cover 2. Thanks in particular to the last mentioned measure, according to when inserting the fuse 3, 3' into the seat 23 while closing the cover 2, the fitting 32 of the fuse 3, 3' is placed closer to the latter and rests on the aforementioned support 202 and is also secured against involuntary movement in the direction of one or the other side wall 13, 14 of the housing 1.
Če uporabnik neustrezno posamično varovalko 3' vstavi v prvi prekat 23', se po zaprtju pokrova 2 varovalka 3' nahaja v položaju, v katerem je njena vzdolžna geometrijske os 30' poravnana z vzdolžno geometrijsko osjo 230' prvega prekata 23' (Sl. 4), v tem položaju pa sta oba okova 32', 32 varovalke 3' nahajata na zadostnem odmiku od električno prevodnih priključnih nasedov 17, 18, tako da po eni strani neustrezna varovalka 3' niti fizično ne more biti vključena v električni tokokrog zaščitnega sklopa 100 in daje po drugi strani preprečeno tudi formiranje obloka med okovoma 32', 32 varovalke 3' in omenjenima priključnima nasedoma 17, 18 v ohišju 1.If the user inserts an inadequate individual fuse 3' into the first compartment 23', after closing the cover 2, the fuse 3' is located in a position in which its longitudinal geometric axis 30' is aligned with the longitudinal geometric axis 230' of the first compartment 23' (Fig. 4 ), and in this position the two fittings 32', 32 of the fuse 3' are located at a sufficient distance from the electrically conductive connection sockets 17, 18, so that, on the one hand, the inadequate fuse 3' cannot even physically be included in the electrical circuit of the protective assembly 100 and, on the other hand, it also prevents the formation of an arc between the fittings 32', 32 of the fuse 3' and the aforementioned connection sockets 17, 18 in the housing 1.
Če pa uporabnik pri odprtem pokrovu 2 vstavi neustrezno posamično varovalko 3' v drugi prekat 23, sc po zaprtju pokrova 2 varovalka 3' nahaja v položaju, v katerem se njen bližje vrtišču 21 razporejeni okov 32' sicer nahaja v električnem stiku s pripadajočim električno prevodnim priključnim nasedom 17, vendar pa med zapiranjem pokrova 2 preostali okov 32 varovalke 3' ostane naslonjen na varovalu 190, tako da se preostali okov 32 varovalke 32 nahaja na zadostnem odmiku od pripadajočega priključnega naseda 18, s čimer je tudi fizično preprečeno, da bi bilo električni tokokrog skozi varovalko 3' kakorkoli sploh možno vzpostaviti.However, if the user inserts an inadequate individual fuse 3' into the second compartment 23 with the cover 2 open, after closing the cover 2 the fuse 3' is in a position in which its fitting 32', arranged closer to the pivot 21, is otherwise in electrical contact with the corresponding electrically conductive connection socket 17, however, while closing the cover 2, the remaining fitting 32 of the fuse 3' remains resting on the fuse 190, so that the remaining fitting 32 of the fuse 32 is located at a sufficient distance from the corresponding connection socket 18, which also physically prevents it from being electrical circuit through fuse 3' in any way possible to establish.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/SI2022/000007 WO2023214941A1 (en) | 2022-05-06 | 2022-12-12 | Protective appliance on the basis of a fuse with a melting member, prevented against insertion of a false fuse |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SI202200071 | 2022-05-06 | ||
| SI202200071A SI26360A (en) | 2022-05-06 | 2022-05-06 | Protective assembly based on electrical resistance fuse with melting element |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| SI26361A true SI26361A (en) | 2023-11-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| SI202200071A SI26360A (en) | 2022-05-06 | 2022-05-06 | Protective assembly based on electrical resistance fuse with melting element |
| SI202200074A SI26361A (en) | 2022-05-06 | 2022-05-10 | Protective appliance on the basis of a fuse with a melting member, prevented against insertion of false fuse |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| SI202200071A SI26360A (en) | 2022-05-06 | 2022-05-06 | Protective assembly based on electrical resistance fuse with melting element |
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| SI (2) | SI26360A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023214940A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US2259142A (en) * | 1941-06-05 | 1941-10-14 | Gen Electric | Fuse device and clip therefor |
| DE102010028685B4 (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2015-07-23 | Wöhner GmbH & Co. KG Elektrotechnische Systeme | Device for receiving a cylindrical fuse and switching device |
| CN113745074A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-03 | 吴茂义 | Quick-recovery surge and short-circuit protector |
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- 2022-05-06 SI SI202200071A patent/SI26360A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2022-05-10 SI SI202200074A patent/SI26361A/en active IP Right Grant
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| SI26360A (en) | 2023-11-30 |
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