SI25841A - Improved manure chopper for a manure distribution and a distribution machine with the said chopper - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of tillage in agriculture, more specifically to the field of specially designed devices for distributing liquid slurry or similar fertilizers, including ammonia. The invention relates to an improved slurry shredder for a slurry spreader and a spreader with said shredder. The essence of the improved slurry shredder according to the invention is that the supply of outside air supplies air along the main shaft to the inside of the core with a blade plate, so that air moves along the hollow supports of each blade and leaves the core through the blade opening. As the air exits the blades, it also travels through the openings of the anti-cutting discs that cover the choke outlets adapted to connect the slurry distributor distribution pipes, ensuring even slurry flow and consequently more optimal surface treatment with slurry.

Description

Improved slurry shredder for slurry spreader and shredder with said shredder

Field of technology

The present invention relates to the field of tillage in agriculture, more particularly to the field of specially designed devices for distributing liquid slurry or similar fertilizers, including ammonia. The invention relates to an improved slurry shredder for a slurry spreader and a spreader with said shredder.

Background of the invention and technical problem

Manure spreaders are systems that are designed for fertilizing fields, as the fertilizer is fed directly into the soil from a slurry tank via specially designed pipes mounted on a wide frame. The ends of the mentioned pipes are adapted to cut into the surface with a specially designed finishing part, which ventilates the floor, and at the same time manure is fed into the made channel. Typically, the frame is three-part, consisting of a central part and side arms so that it can be lifted and placed in a transport position in which both side arms swing along the side of the tank. A manure chopper is also included in the design of the distributor, which ensures that the manure supplied from the main supply can be divided into individual distribution pipes mounted on a wide frame.

The chopper has blades that chop the slurry and at the same time prevent clogging of the distribution pipes. At the same time, the chopper also collects solid waste such as stones, wood and iron, which may be present to a small extent in the original slurry. Numerous slurry distribution pipes are connected to the chopper, but in the absence of gas there is a flow problem, similar to emptying a bottle of liquid turned upside down when the liquid flows in waves and unevenly.

When applying fertilizer to the cultivated land, it is of course desirable that each treated piece of surface receives the same or at least approximately the same amount of fertilizer so that the growing conditions are as uniform as possible. The technical problem solved by the present invention is therefore to provide a slurry shredder that will allow a uniform flow of slurry into the distribution pipes. At the same time, it is desirable that the improved chopper provides easy access to the blades for their maintenance and to the plates that determine the flow rate of the slurry.

State of the art

Patent application EP3175696A1 describes a dispensing device for liquid substances such as fertilizers, having a dispensing chamber or chopper with at least one fertilizer supply, a rotor mounted inside the chamber having at least one blade with which to cover the drain holes to which the dispensing pipes are connected. . The chamber also has its own drive that drives the rotor and an air supply that at least partially flows through the drive shaft. The advantage of this solution is that the peripheral part of the chamber remains free for other components, and in addition, such a design allows easier access to the rotor and reduces the dimensions of the distribution chamber. This solution supplies air through smaller cutouts in the shaft, which limits its volume and distribution throughout the chamber.

Also in the solution described in patent EP 1 702 503 B1, the distribution chamber or chopper has an air supply which is guided along the axis of the rotor on which the blade plate is located.

Patent FR2851482 discloses a distributor chopper having a hollow blade plate, the air supply being routed to said hollow plate. Each of the blades has an opening in contact with the inside of said plate so as to allow air flow. According to this solution, the air supply is fed through the main shaft of the drive hollow plate with blades, thus preventing the supply of manure from the chopper.

Description of the solution to the technical problem

Thus, some solutions of choppers are known, which have an air supply system, which at least partially prevents the vacuum created in the distribution pipes due to the closing of the exhaust holes with rotating blades. The present invention differs from the solutions described above in the arrangement of the air supply, which enables its more optimal distribution in the chopper and also larger amounts of supplied air. Last but not least, the installation of the air supply also allows for a significantly larger service opening, so that the entire core can be taken out of the chopper for servicing purposes.

The technical problem is solved as defined in the independent patent claim, with the preferred solutions being defined in the dependent claims.

The essence of the improved slurry chopper according to the invention is that the supply of outside air supplies air to the inside of the core with a blade plate, so that air moves along the hollow supports of each of the blades and also leaves the core through the blade opening. As air exits the blades, it also travels through anti-cutting disc openings that cover the choke outlets adapted to connect the slurry distributor distribution pipes, ensuring an even flow of slurry through all distribution pipes and consequently more optimal slurry treatment.

In the present invention, the main drive shaft and the welded rotor (core) are designed so that air comes from the same side as the chopper drive and enters the chopper next to the main shaft, and the plastic attachment ensures that air reaches each bolt through the welded rotor and consequently leaves the chamber at the contact of the cutting blade and the flat counter-blade (counter-cutting discs).

The improved slurry shredder according to the invention consists of:

- distribution chambers with at least one slurry inlet and a plurality of outlets to which the slurry distributor distribution pipes can be connected;

- anti-cutting plates having openings of any size, the positions of said openings corresponding to the drain openings,

- a core consisting of:

o blade plates that can cover the outlets, and o an external air supply that supplies air to the inside of the blade core so that air moves through the hollow supports of each blade and leaves the core through the blade opening and then travels through openings of said anti-cutting plates,

- and a drive that drives the core so that it can rotate.

In addition to the air supply to the distributor, the core also has the task of cutting the supplied manure, which is done by double rotation, which means that the first rotation is performed by the entire core, and the second by the blades attached to said core. The advantage of this mode of operation is that if the blade encounters an obstacle, it rotates around its axis, which allows a smooth cut of the obstacle that came under the blade. Obstacles can be: wood, metal, rubber, hooves, various fibers, foils, and the like. If the obstacles are too large for the blade to cut, the pressure in the hydraulic system that drives the hydraulic motor that rotates the core increases, then the pressure switch changes the direction of rotation of the hydraulic motor and consequently the direction of rotation of the core that wants to cut the obstacle again. If this obstacle is not cut off after a few changes in the direction of rotation, the distributor must be opened and cleaned. The core is also only able to change the direction of operation, as it preferably has a pressure switching valve, which changes the direction of the core at the moment of overload, and tries to cut the obstacle quickly. If the obstacle is e.g. iron alien, is consequently more likely to be knocked out of the waste chamber by the nucleus. Known solutions do not have this, as they have a core at the pin, e.g. part of the wood, the hydraulic motor had too little power, so the core stopped. As a result, it was necessary to manually change the direction of rotation or to stop operation and manually unclog the chopper.

The anti-cutting plates have different sizes of holes through which the slurry flows, so they regulate the flow of slurry through the slurry distributor. If a low amount of slurry per hectare is desired, a slab with smaller holes is installed, and if a large amount of slurry per hectare is desired, a slab with larger holes is used. The latter is suitable for denser slurries, and the former for medium-density and sparser slurries.

The supply of air directly to the core or blades enables the supply of larger amounts of air to the chamber, as it is efficiently distributed throughout the chamber and leaves it. At the same time, this arrangement of elements also allows enough space for the chopper to be equipped with a large service opening, which allows easy cleaning of the slurry distributor itself after use and cleaning in the event of clogging of the drain pipes. The main advantage of the large service opening is that the core from the drive shaft can be unscrewed through it and it can be completely removed through the service opening for service purposes. Said service opening is also so large that the anti-cutting discs can be accessed, which can be removed and replaced if necessary.

The improved slurry shredder according to the invention can be installed in any liquid fertilizer or slurry distributor in known ways.

The improved slurry shredder according to the invention will be described in more detail below with the aid of an exemplary embodiment and figures showing:

Figure 1 Drawing of a slurry shredder according to the invention

Fig. 2 Slurry chopper with open service opening

Figure 3 open manure chopper with core removed but with anti-cutting plate attached

Figure 4 manure chopper core

Figure 5 Cross section of the sail from Figure 4

Figure 1 shows a manure chopper 1 having:

- the distribution chamber 12 is closed by a removable cover 11 which covers a large service opening 13,

- the main slurry inlet 14 from a suitable tank, such as a tank, to which a slurry distributor with a chopper 1 is connected,

- an opening for the supply of 15 outside air to the chamber,

- a hydraulic motor 16 driving the core 2 of the chopper 1,

outlet openings 17 for connecting distribution pipes, and

- a waste chamber 18 for collecting waste particles such as stones, wood, iron and the like.

The core 2 of the chopper 1 is shown in Figure 2, where a large service opening 13 of the chopper 1 is also visible. The anti-cutting plates 19 with a plurality of openings 19a overlap the drain holes, and between the two anti-cutting plates is the core 2 with blades 21.

The slurry supply 14 can be made from the side as in the pictures or from above, depending on the desired position of connection to the slurry supply from the tank. The feed slurry can circulate around the chamber as shown by arrow A, striking the blades 21 on the core 2 and leaving the chamber 12 into the distribution pipes through the openings 19a of the anti-cutting plates 19 and the drain holes 17 when the chopper 1 according to the invention is connected to the slurry distributor .

The anti-cutting plates 19 as seen in Figure 3 have different sizes of holes 19a through which the slurry flows, so that they also regulate the flow of slurry through the slurry shredder. The anti-cutting plates 19 are attached to the chamber with screws 19b, which prevent the rotation of both plates, and they are pressed against the walls of the chamber by a core 2 with springs 22 on the blades 21.

The core 2 of the chopper 1 rotates during operation, and at the same time the blades 21 rotate, which are cylindrically fixed and equipped with springs 22, which ensure that the blades 21 are in constant contact with the anti-cut plates 19, which ensures that the slurry cut is smooth and easy. The plates 23 with the blades 21 are separated from each other by spacers 24 which tension the springs 22 which press the blades 21 against the anti-cutting plate 19 as shown in Fig. 4. The core 2 of the chopper 1 may have 8, 12 or 16 cutting elements. example with 12 cutting elements. The number of blades 21 determines how many closed holes there are on the anti-cutting discs. The more closed the holes, the slower the manure will drain out through the distribution pipes. Thus, in addition to the holes on the anti-cutting plates, the flow can also be regulated by selecting cores with a different number of cutting elements.

Figure 5 shows a core 2 in cross section, where the arrows B show the path of outside air supplied to the core 2 through the central channel 2a and routed to each of the blades 21 by hollow blades 21a of the blades 21. The plates 23 with blades 21 are attached to the core 2 by screws 25 , and with the main screw 26, the core is screwed to the drive shaft 16b of the hydraulic motor 16.

The core 2 is screwed with five screws 25, 26, which must be unscrewed so that the core 2 can be taken out through the service opening. If the core 2 is to be taken out of the chopper 1, it is necessary to remove the spacers 24 from their position, thus releasing the springs 22 that press the blades 21 apart. When the springs 22 are released, the core 2 can be easily removed from the chopper 1.

The described version of the chopper can be installed in any distributor of liquid fertilizers or slurry in known ways. Thus, it enables an even flow of slurry through all distribution pipes and consequently a more optimal treatment of surfaces with slurry.

Claims (10)

Patent claims Improved slurry shredder for slurry distributor, characterized in that the supply of outside air supplies air to the inside of the core with a blade plate, so that air enters the shredder chamber at the main shaft and air moves along the hollow supports of each blade and through the opening the blade leaves the core and leaves the chopper chamber through the openings of the anti-cutting discs that cover the choke openings adapted to connect the manure spreader distribution pipes, so that the flow of slurry through all the manifolds is uniform. Improved slurry shredder according to Claim 1, characterized in that it consists of: - distribution chambers with at least one slurry inlet and a plurality of outlets to which the slurry distributor distribution pipes can be connected; - anti-cutting plates having openings of any size, the positions of said openings corresponding to the drain openings, - a core consisting of: o blade plates that can cover the outlets, and o an external air supply that supplies air to the inside of the blade core so that air moves through the hollow supports of each blade and leaves the core through the blade opening and then travels through openings of said anti-cutting plates, - and a drive that drives the core so that it can rotate. Improved slurry shredder according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the core, in addition to supplying air to the distributor, also has the task of cutting the feed slurry by double rotation, the first rotation being performed by the whole core and the second by blades attached to said core. Improved slurry shredder according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the core has the possibility of independently changing the direction of operation, due to the pressure switching valve adapted so that in the event of an overload due to an obstacle, the core changes direction. Improved slurry shredder according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the core of the blade has blades separated from each other by spacers, the blades being tensioned by springs pressing the blades against the anti-blade plate. Improved slurry shredder according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the core has 8, 12, or 16 blades. Improved slurry shredder according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has anti-cutting discs with different sizes of holes through which the slurry flows to regulate the slurry flow. Improved slurry shredder according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a large service opening through which the core is unscrewed from the drive shaft and, if necessary, the anti-cutting plate. Improved slurry shredder according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the slurry supply to the shredder is made coaxial with the main drive shaft on the opposite side of the shredder. 10-Dispenser of liquid fertilizers or slurry with an improved chopper according to any one of the preceding claims.