SI25793A - Thermal insulation material based on nano-particles based extruded thermal insulation - Google Patents
Thermal insulation material based on nano-particles based extruded thermal insulation Download PDFInfo
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- SI25793A SI25793A SI201900041A SI201900041A SI25793A SI 25793 A SI25793 A SI 25793A SI 201900041 A SI201900041 A SI 201900041A SI 201900041 A SI201900041 A SI 201900041A SI 25793 A SI25793 A SI 25793A
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- thermal insulation
- insulation material
- cellulose
- foundation
- polystyrene
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- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 27
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XDVMCVGTDUKDHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [amino(2-azaniumylethylsulfanyl)methylidene]azanium;dibromide Chemical compound Br.Br.NCCSC(N)=N XDVMCVGTDUKDHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004918 carbon fiber reinforced polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052704 radon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N radon atom Chemical compound [Rn] SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000817 safety factor Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0085—Use of fibrous compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/06—Polystyrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
- C08J2201/03—Extrusion of the foamable blend
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/06—CO2, N2 or noble gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/12—Organic compounds only containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms, e.g. ketone or alcohol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/18—Binary blends of expanding agents
- C08J2203/182—Binary blends of expanding agents of physical blowing agents, e.g. acetone and butane
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/06—Polystyrene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2401/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08J2401/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/122—Hydrogen, oxygen, CO2, nitrogen or noble gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/127—Mixtures of organic and inorganic blowing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/149—Mixtures of blowing agents covered by more than one of the groups C08J9/141 - C08J9/143
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Abstract
Predmet izuma je toplotno izolacijski material na osnovi ekstrudirane toplotne izolacije na bazi nano delcev z izboljšanimi mehanskimi lastnosti, prednostno tlačne trdnosti, za izvedbo elementov toplotno izolacijskega sistema ovoja naprednega doma, ki omogoča vgradnjo toplotne izolacije tudi pod gradbeni objekt oz. pod temelje kot pasovno temeljenje ter s tem prekinitev toplotnih mostov v prehodnem območju med steno in temeljem. Toplotno izolacijski material je izdelan iz polistirena in dodatka 0,5-10 masnih odstotkov celuloze, prednostno nanofibrilirane celuloze s postopkom ekstruzije.The subject of the invention is a thermal insulation material based on extruded thermal insulation based on nanoparticles with improved mechanical properties, preferably compressive strength, for the implementation of elements of the thermal insulation system of the advanced home envelope, which enables thermal insulation under the building or under the foundations as a strip foundation and thus the interruption of thermal bridges in the transition area between the wall and the foundation. The thermal insulation material is made of polystyrene and the addition of 0.5-10 weight percent cellulose, preferably nanofibrillated cellulose by extrusion process.
Description
Toplotno izolacijski material na osnovi ekstrudirane toplotne izolacije na bazi nano delcevThermal insulation material based on extruded thermal insulation based on nanoparticles
Področje tehnikeField of technology
Predmet izuma je toplotno izolacijski material na osnovi ekstrudiranega polistirena (XPS) in celuloze, prednostno nanofibrilirane celuloze z izboljšanimi mehanskimi lastnosti, prednostno tlačne trdnosti, za izvedbo elementov toplotno izolacijskega sistema ovoja naprednega doma, ki omogoča vgradnjo toplotne izolacije tudi pod gradbeni objekt oz. pod temelje kot pasovno temeljenje ter s tem prekinitev toplotnih mostov v prehodnem območju med steno in temeljem. Toplotno izolacijski material je izdelan iz polistirena in celuloze, prednostno nanofibrilirane celuloze po postopku ekstruzije.The subject of the invention is a thermal insulation material based on extruded polystyrene (XPS) and cellulose, preferably nanofibrillated cellulose with improved mechanical properties, preferably compressive strength, for making elements of the thermal insulation system of the advanced home envelope, which allows thermal insulation to be installed under the building. under the foundations as a strip foundation and thus the interruption of thermal bridges in the transition area between the wall and the foundation. The thermal insulation material is made of polystyrene and cellulose, preferably nanofibrillated cellulose by extrusion process.
Toplotno izolacijski material po izumu spada v področje inženirskih gradbenih elementov za izvajanja toplotnih izolacij v gradbeništvu.The thermal insulation material according to the invention belongs to the field of engineering building elements for the implementation of thermal insulation in construction.
Tehnični problemTechnical problem
Zaradi izboljšanja energetske učinkovitosti stavb je nujna vgradnja kontinuiranega toplotnoizolacijskega sistema ovoja stavbe, bodisi na notranji ali zunanji strani. Nerešeno ostaja zadovoljivo toplotno izoliranje pasovnih temeljev stavbe proti podlagi, da bi se izvedel za učinkovito energetsko bilanco potreben kontinuiran toplotni ovoj.In order to improve the energy efficiency of buildings, it is necessary to install a continuous thermal insulation system of the building envelope, either on the inside or outside. Unresolved remains the satisfactory thermal insulation of the building's strip foundations against the foundation in order to make the continuous thermal envelope required for an efficient energy balance.
Tehnični problem, ki ga rešuje izum, je takšen toplotno izolacijski material, ki bo problematiko izvedbe toplotnega ovoja pasovnih temeljev, kjer so obremenitve teže objekta na temeljna tla za toplotne izolacije z običajnimi tlačnimi trdnostmi prevelike, rešil z izboljšanimi trdnostnimi lastnostmi.The technical problem solved by the invention is such a thermal insulation material that will solve the problem of performing the thermal envelope of strip foundations, where the weight loads of the building on the foundation floors for thermal insulation with normal compressive strengths are too high, with improved strength properties.
Stanje tehnikeState of the art
Izoliranje stavb proti podlagi se izvaja s postavitvijo toplotne izolacije pod celotno tlorisno površino objekta in se izvede kot temeljenje na temeljni plošči. Kot toplotno izolacijski material za take namene rabe je na razpolago polistiren narejen s postopkom ekstruzije, ki zdrži tlačne obremenitve do 700 kPa, običajno 300-400 kPa. Tlačna obremenitev se določa po standardu SIST EN 826:2013 pri 10 % deformaciji Evropski standard EN 826:2013 določa opremo in postopke za ugotavljanje obnašanja pri stiskanju testnih vzorcev. Uporablja se za toplotnoizolacijske izdelke in tudi za določanje tlačne napetosti v tlačnih testih lezenja ter za načine uporabe, pri katerih so izolacijski izdelki samo začasno obremenjeni. Ta metoda se lahko uporablja za preverjanje kakovosti. Lahko se uporablja tudi za pridobivanje referenčnih vrednosti, na podlagi katerih se s pomočjo varnostnih dejavnikov lahko izračunajo vrednosti projektiranja.Insulation of buildings against the ground is carried out by placing thermal insulation under the entire floor area of the building and is carried out as a foundation on the foundation slab. As a thermal insulation material for such purposes, polystyrene made by an extrusion process that can withstand compressive loads up to 700 kPa, usually 300-400 kPa, is available. The compressive load is determined according to the SIST EN 826: 2013 standard at 10% deformation. The European standard EN 826: 2013 defines the equipment and procedures for determining the compression behavior of test specimens. It is used for thermal insulation products as well as for determining the compressive stress in creep pressure tests and for applications in which the insulation products are only temporarily loaded. This method can be used to check quality. It can also be used to obtain reference values on the basis of which design values can be calculated using safety factors.
Ekstrudiran polistiren ima premajhne vrednosti tlačne trdnosti in ne zdrži tlačne obremenitve za izvedbo toplotne izolacije izvedene samo pod temelji stavbe kot pasovno temeljenje. S tem je izoliranje objekta omejeno na stavbe s tlorisno površino in celokupno maso ki lahko težnostno trajno deluje na to površino.Extruded polystyrene has insufficient values of compressive strength and does not withstand the compressive load for the implementation of thermal insulation carried out only under the foundations of the building as a strip foundation. This limits the insulation of the building to buildings with a floor area and the total mass that can have a permanent gravitational effect on this area.
Tako je v patentni prijavi Sl 24397 A opisano temeljenje stavbe z uporabo polistirena XPS s tem da so v temeljno izolacijsko ploščo XPS vgrajeni kanali za prezračevanje in odvod radona izpod stavbe. Opisan polistiren XPS v ploščah ima trdnost 300 kPa in ni dodatno izboljšan za povečanje tlačne trdnosti,zato je stavba omejena na najmanj 100 m2 tlorisne površine. Znane so tudi rešitve z uporabo XPS plošč s tlačno trdnostjo 400 kPa izvedene kot temeljna plošča v dveh ploskovno položenih slojih XPS z vmesno folijo FIBRANhydro ANTIRADON 1,5 sk.Thus, Patent Application Fig. 24397 A describes the foundation of a building using XPS polystyrene, in that channels for ventilation and radon removal from under the building are installed in the XPS foundation insulation board. The described XPS polystyrene in the panels has a strength of 300 kPa and is not further improved to increase the compressive strength, so the building is limited to at least 100 m 2 of floor area. Also known are solutions using XPS panels with a compressive strength of 400 kPa implemented as a base plate in two flat-laid XPS layers with an intermediate film FIBRANhydro ANTIRADON 1.5 sk.
V patentni prijavi EP1918471 Al objavljena tudi kot SI/EP 1918471 Tl je opisana rešitev linijskega pasovnega termo izoliranja stavbe z uporabo dveh ploščatih profiliranih elementov narejenih iz reciklirane plastike HDPE ali njenih modifikacij.Patent application EP1918471 A1 also published as SI / EP 1918471 T1 describes a solution of linear strip thermal insulation of a building using two flat profiled elements made of recycled HDPE plastic or its modifications.
V patentni prijavi EP2405065A1 je opisan tlačno obremenjen in izoliren element ki je lahko izdelan iz XPS vendar ima vmes tlačne in vezne elemente. Tlačni element, ki prodira skozi izolirno telo od njegove prve nosilne površine na drugo ležajno površino je prednostno iz jekla, nerjavečega jekla, vlaknene plastike, betona, vlaknenega betona ali drugega tlačno odpornega, tj. materiala ki je v bistvu nestisljiv, pri čemer izumitelji dajejo poseben vpliv na beton, vlakneni beton in plastično vlakno, ker tudi tukaj vsaj en tlačni element zagotavlja dobro toplotno izolacijo med dvema nosilnima površinama. Vezni elementi v vsakem primeru in brez omejitev na možne izvedbe, so prednostno izdelani iz materiala, izbranega iz seznama, so zelo prednostni kot: jeklo, strukturno jeklo, nerjavno jeklo, plastična vlakna (GRP, CFRP) z blagim jeklom in nerjavnim jeklom.Patent application EP2405065A1 describes a pressure-loaded and insulated element which can be made of XPS but has pressure and bonding elements in between. The pressure element penetrating the insulating body from its first bearing surface to the second bearing surface is preferably made of steel, stainless steel, fiber plastic, concrete, fiber concrete or other pressure resistant, i. a material that is substantially incompressible, with the inventors giving a special influence to concrete, fibrous concrete and plastic fiber, because even here at least one pressure element provides good thermal insulation between the two load-bearing surfaces. The fasteners in each case and without limitation to possible embodiments, are preferably made of a material selected from the list, are very preferred as: steel, structural steel, stainless steel, plastic fibers (GRP, CFRP) with mild steel and stainless steel.
V patentni prijavi US 2012/0329918 Al opisuje extruzijo polimera z dodatki zelo fino (premer 10-100pm) zmletega papirja. Kot snovi za modifikacijo polimer-poliolefinskih smol, zaradi aktivaciji polarnih skupin za boljšo vezavo delcev papirja na polimer, predvideva uporabo malein andihrida. Predviden dodatek na plastiko je v količini 0,3 do 5 utežnih delov. Predvideva tudi temperature do 210°C ter način dodajanja finih delcev papirja da ne bi prišlo do ožganin, smradu in rumenih madežev.In patent application US 2012/0329918 A1 describes the extrusion of a polymer with the addition of very fine (diameter 10-100pm) ground paper. As a substance for modifying polymer-polyolefin resins, due to the activation of polar groups for better bonding of paper particles to the polymer, it provides for the use of maleic andhydride. The intended addition to the plastic is in the amount of 0.3 to 5 parts by weight. It also provides temperatures up to 210 ° C and a way to add fine particles of paper to avoid burns, odors and yellow stains.
V patentni prijavi JP4594445(B1) je opisan penasti proizvod ki se tvori s toplotnim mešanjem v ekstruderju. Surovine so papirni peleti, ki so mešanica finega papirnega praška s premerom delcev 30-200 pm in škroba, ter recikliranih predelanih peletov, ki so mešanica polipropilena, polietilena in polistirena, penastega polipropilena in vode.. Penasti proizvod je razdeljen na površinsko plast in penastim slojem, vključno z mehurčki. Površinski sloj zagotavlja visoko mehansko trdnost in toplotno izolacijsko učinkovitost penjenemu produktu.Patent application JP4594445 (B1) describes a foam product which is formed by thermal mixing in an extruder. The raw materials are paper pellets, which are a mixture of fine paper powder with a particle diameter of 30-200 pm and starch, and recycled processed pellets, which are a mixture of polypropylene, polyethylene and polystyrene, polypropylene foam and water. The foam product is divided into surface layer and foam. layer, including bubbles. The surface layer provides high mechanical strength and thermal insulation efficiency to the foamed product.
Skupna značilnost vseh navedenih rešitev je v uporabi elementov iz nestisljivih materialov samih ali v kombinaciji z izolirnimi materiali. Pri pregledu baze patentov ni bilo najdenih sorodnih rešitev. Obstaja veliko inženirskih rešitev izvedbe izolacije pasovnih temeljev, ki pa niso izdelane iz ekstrudiranega polistirena z dodatkom nanofibrilirane celuloze ter ne pokrivajo rešitev iz predmeta izuma.A common feature of all these solutions is the use of elements made of incompressible materials alone or in combination with insulating materials. No related solutions were found during the review of the patent database. There are many engineering solutions for the insulation of strip foundations, which are not made of extruded polystyrene with the addition of nanofibrillated cellulose and do not cover the solutions of the subject invention.
Opis nove rešitveDescription of the new solution
Izoliranje stavb proti podlagi se izvaja s postavitvijo toplotne izolacije pod celotno tlorisno površino objekta in se izvede kot temeljenje na temeljni plošči. Kot toplotno izolacijski material za take namene rabe je na razpolago polistiren narejen s postopkom ekstruzije, ki zdrži tlačne obremenitve do 700 kPa, običajno 300-400 kPa. Tlačna obremenitev se določa po standardu SIST EN 826:2013 pri 10 % deformaciji Evropski standard EN 826:2013 določa opremo in postopke za ugotavljanje obnašanja pri stiskanju testnih vzorcev. Navedeni tehnični problemi so rešeni z dodatkom 0,5-10 masnih % celuloze, prednostno nanofibrilirane celuloze v matrico polistirena v procesu ekstruzije. Z dodatkom vlaken celuloze material ojačamo tako, da je tlačno dovolj trden tudi za izvedbo toplotne izolacije pasovnih temeljev. Vlakna za ojačanje tlačne trdnosti gradbenega elementa so na osnovi celuloze prednostno iz nano fibrilirane celuloze.Insulation of buildings against the ground is carried out by placing thermal insulation under the entire floor area of the building and is carried out as a foundation on the foundation slab. As a thermal insulation material for such purposes, polystyrene made by an extrusion process that can withstand compressive loads up to 700 kPa, usually 300-400 kPa, is available. The compressive load is determined according to the SIST EN 826: 2013 standard at 10% deformation. The European standard EN 826: 2013 defines the equipment and procedures for determining the compression behavior of test specimens. These technical problems are solved by adding 0.5-10% by weight of cellulose, preferably nanofibrillated cellulose to the polystyrene matrix in the extrusion process. By adding cellulose fibers, the material is reinforced so that it is compressively strong enough to perform thermal insulation of strip foundations. The fibers for strengthening the compressive strength of the building element are based on cellulose, preferably made of nano fibrillated cellulose.
Nanofibrilirana celuloza ima vlakna - fibrile premera med 10 - 100 nm, dolžina pa je > 1 pni. Rezultat ekstruzije polistirena in celuloze, prednostno nanofibrilirane celuloze je toplotno izolacijski material z tlačnimi trdnostmi, ki dosegajo 1700 kPa, kar omogoča vgradnjo toplotne izolacije na osnovi polistirena in celuloze, prednostno nanofibrilirane celuloze tudi pod gradbeni objekt oz. pod temelje kot pasovno temeljenje ter s tem prekinitev toplotnih mostov v prehodnem območju med steno in temeljem.Nanofibrillated cellulose has fibers - fibrils with a diameter between 10 - 100 nm and a length of> 1 pni. The result of extrusion of polystyrene and cellulose, preferably nanofibrillated cellulose is a thermal insulation material with compressive strengths reaching 1700 kPa, which allows the installation of thermal insulation based on polystyrene and cellulose, preferably nanofibrillated cellulose also under the building or. under the foundations as a strip foundation and thus the interruption of thermal bridges in the transition area between the wall and the foundation.
V izvedbenem primeru polistirenu dodamo 5% nanofibrilirane celuloze in s postopkom ekstruzije pripravimo toplotno izolacijski material. Ekstruzija se izvaja na dveh ekstrudorjih. V prvem ekstrudorju material topimo, mešamo in dodamo penilne pline, v drugem ekstrudorju talino hladimo na želeno temperaturo in dosegamo želen tlak in navor. Hitrost znaša 200 rpm, tlak taline je 211 bar, tlak pred glavo je 96 bar, temperatura prvega ekstrudorja 180°C, temperatura drugega ekstrudorja je 134°C in navor je med 20 in 40%. V izvedbenem primeru je receptura v masnih procentih dodatka posamezne komponente za ekstrudirano toplotno izolacijo na bazi nano delcev sledeča: 94,8% čistega polistirena, 5% celuloznih vlaken, 0,2% celičnega regulatorja tale. Penilna plina sta etanol in CO2. Tlačna trdnost ekstrudiranega kompozita pripravljenega v izvedbenem primeru dosega 1700 kPa, gostota kompozita pa je 48g/m3.In an embodiment, 5% nanofibrillated cellulose is added to the polystyrene and a thermal insulation material is prepared by extrusion. Extrusion is performed on two extruders. In the first extruder the material is melted, mixed and foamed gases are added, in the second extruder the melt is cooled to the desired temperature and the desired pressure and torque are reached. The speed is 200 rpm, the melt pressure is 211 bar, the head pressure is 96 bar, the temperature of the first extruder is 180 ° C, the temperature of the second extruder is 134 ° C and the torque is between 20 and 40%. In the embodiment, the recipe in weight percent of the addition of each component for extruded thermal insulation based on nanoparticles is as follows: 94.8% pure polystyrene, 5% cellulose fibers, 0.2% cellular regulator tale. The foaming gases are ethanol and CO 2 . The compressive strength of the extruded composite prepared in the embodiment reaches 1700 kPa and the density of the composite is 48 g / m 3 .
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| SI201900041A SI25793A (en) | 2019-02-25 | 2019-02-25 | Thermal insulation material based on nano-particles based extruded thermal insulation |
| PCT/SI2019/050019 WO2020176044A1 (en) | 2019-02-25 | 2019-09-23 | Thermal insulation material based on nanoparticle-based extruded thermal insulation |
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