CN111961176A - Polyurethane foam material and preparation method thereof, vacuum insulation panel and core material thereof - Google Patents
Polyurethane foam material and preparation method thereof, vacuum insulation panel and core material thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111961176A CN111961176A CN202010885485.2A CN202010885485A CN111961176A CN 111961176 A CN111961176 A CN 111961176A CN 202010885485 A CN202010885485 A CN 202010885485A CN 111961176 A CN111961176 A CN 111961176A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/141—Hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
- C08K7/24—Expanded, porous or hollow particles inorganic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
- C08K7/24—Expanded, porous or hollow particles inorganic
- C08K7/28—Glass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/06—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
- F16L59/065—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum using vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2101/00—Manufacture of cellular products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
- C08J2375/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
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Abstract
The application provides a polyurethane foam material, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 6-15 parts of polyol, 0.02-0.2 part of catalyst, 1.5-2.5 parts of foaming agent, 0.2-0.5 part of pore-opening agent, 0.02-0.1 part of foam stabilizer, 10-15 parts of isocyanate, 5-10 parts of graphite, graphene/polymer composite material, one or more of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, white carbon black and quartz powder, 10-15 parts of open-pore vitrified micro-beads and/or open-pore pearlife and 10-15 parts of hollow micro-beads. The polyurethane foam material is modified by adding an inorganic material, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the modified polyurethane foam material is 0.022-0.036W/(m.k), the fire-resistant grade is A grade, and the fire-resistant grade is improved on the basis of ensuring the heat-insulating property. The application also provides a vacuum insulation panel and a core material thereof.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building heat insulation materials, in particular to a polyurethane foam material and a preparation method thereof, a vacuum heat insulation plate and a core material thereof.
Background
At present, the energy-saving requirement of China on the external thermal insulation system of the external wall is that the energy is saved by 75 percent or more, and the fireproof requirement of China on the external thermal insulation system of the external wall is that the A-level fireproof requirement is met. Building energy conservation is the need for realizing sustainable development, building fire prevention is the need for social safety, and the two must be considered at the same time, but the two are not enough.
The Vacuum Insulation Panel (VIP) mainly comprises three parts, namely a core material, a membrane material and a getter, wherein the inner core material enables the vacuum insulation panel to bear the pressure of external atmospheric pressure, the membrane material is used for maintaining the vacuum environment in the vacuum insulation panel, and the getter can absorb gas or water vapor permeating into the vacuum environment and gas or water vapor generated in the vacuum insulation panel in the using process. The STP ultrathin vacuum insulation board has a heat conductivity coefficient lower than 0.008W/(m.k), a fire-proof rating of A1, and core materials mainly comprising superfine silicon dioxide powder, silica fume and superfine fibers, wherein the superfine silicon dioxide powder is an inorganic material, and the fire-proof rating is A.
Polyurethane foam is also a widely used core material for Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIP) due to its light weight, thermal insulation, sound absorption, vibration resistance, and corrosion resistance. At present, the fire-proof grade of the polyurethane foam material used as the core material is B grade and can not reach A grade, once the film material wrapped outside is damaged or burnt through by flame, the polyurethane foam inside can become a combustion-supporting material as an organic combustible material, so that the more serious the fire is.
In addition, the vacuum insulation panel has other defects, and the main defects are that the vacuum insulation panel is easy to damage and lose air inlet efficiency, the bag is expanded, the cold and hot bridge phenomenon of the splicing seam is serious, the vacuum insulation panel cannot be cut, the vacuum insulation panel cannot be perforated and anchored, the core material is easy to absorb water, and the like.
The structure of the existing vacuum insulation panel determines that once the vacuum insulation panel is cut or a film material is damaged, the air inlet failure, the vacuum insulation effect and the core material absorb water and expand, so that the core material and the film material of the vacuum insulation panel are separated, a decorative layer originally adhered on the film material of the vacuum insulation panel is easy to fall off after the core material and the film material are separated, and serious potential safety hazards are formed.
The structure of the existing vacuum insulation panel determines that the existing vacuum insulation panel cannot be perforated for anchoring, once the anchoring rod is perforated for anchoring, the membrane material is damaged, the air inlet failure is caused, and the vacuum insulation effect is lost, so that the vacuum insulation panel as an insulation panel cannot be anchored on the outer wall surface of a building in a mode of directly penetrating the anchoring part like other insulation panels, but only can be installed by adopting an inter-panel splicing anchoring technology or pasting, the adhesive force between the vacuum insulation panel and an object on the inner side of the vacuum insulation panel is smaller, the adhesive force between the vacuum insulation panel and an object on the outer side of the vacuum insulation panel is smaller, the whole outer wall outer insulation system is loosened and collapsed, the whole outer wall outer insulation system is easy to delaminate and fall off easily, and safety accidents are.
Therefore, how to improve the fire-retardant rating of the polyurethane foam material on the basis of ensuring the heat-insulating performance of the polyurethane foam material is a technical problem which needs to be solved by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a polyurethane foam material. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing a polyurethane foam. It is another object of the present invention to provide a core material for a vacuum insulation panel. It is another object of the present invention to provide a vacuum insulation panel.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a polyurethane foam material made from a plurality of raw materials, the raw materials of the polyurethane foam material comprising: 6-15 parts by mass of polyol, 0.02-0.2 part by mass of catalyst, 1.5-2.5 parts by mass of foaming agent, 0.2-0.5 part by mass of pore-opening agent, 0.02-0.1 part by mass of foam stabilizer, 10-15 parts by mass of isocyanate, 5-10 parts by mass of component A, 10-15 parts by mass of component B and 10-15 parts by mass of component C;
the component A is one, two or more of graphite, graphene/polymer composite material, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, white carbon black and quartz powder;
the component B is open-cell vitrified micro-beads and/or open-cell pearlife;
the component C is hollow micro-beads, and the hollow micro-beads are one, two or more of glass micro-beads, ceramic micro-beads, nano hollow micro-beads, vitrified micro-beads and alumina micro-beads.
Preferably, the particle size of the component A is 50-100 nm;
the particle sizes of the component B and the component C are both 10-50 microns.
Preferably, the polyol is a polyether polyol;
the catalyst comprises an intumescent catalyst, a gel catalyst and a trimerization catalyst;
the foaming catalyst is dimethylamino ethoxyethanol;
the gel catalyst is one, two or more of hexamethyl triethylene tetramine, triethylene diamine and triethylamine;
the trimerization catalyst is (2-hydroxypropyl) trimethyl ammonium formate or octyl quaternary ammonium salt;
the foaming agent is one, two or more of cyclopentane, isopentane and water;
the pore-forming agent comprises at least one of liquid paraffin, polybutadiene, dimethyl polysiloxane and polytetrafluoroethylene;
the foam stabilizer is an organic silicon foam stabilizer;
the isocyanate is polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate.
A method of preparing a polyurethane foam material as described in any one of the above, comprising the steps of, in order:
1) uniformly mixing polyol, a catalyst, a foaming agent, a cell opening agent and a foam stabilizer according to a formula to obtain a white material;
2) uniformly mixing the white material prepared in the step 1), the component A, the component B and the component C according to a formula;
3) adding isocyanate into the mixed liquid prepared by uniformly mixing in the step 2), uniformly stirring, putting into a mould, and sequentially foaming and curing to obtain the polyurethane foam material.
The core material of the vacuum insulation panel is prepared from the polyurethane foam material prepared by the preparation method.
The vacuum insulation panel comprises a core material, a membrane material and a getter, wherein the core material is the core material.
Preferably, the outer surface of the core material and the inner surface of the film material are bonded by thermal fusion to form a core-film integrated structure.
Preferably, the anchor rod further comprises an embedded pipe for the anchor rod to pass through;
the embedded pipe is embedded in a core material made of polyurethane foam material, the axial length of the embedded pipe penetrates through the thickness of the core material, and the end faces of two pipe openings of the embedded pipe are respectively in hot-melt sealing connection with the inner surfaces of the corresponding membrane materials.
Preferably, the membrane material comprises a piece of membrane material positioned at the upper side and another piece of membrane material positioned at the lower side which are separated, and each piece of membrane material comprises glass fiber cloth, a PE membrane, a PET membrane, an aluminum foil and a PA nylon membrane which are sequentially arranged from the outside of the closed vacuum cavity to the inside of the closed vacuum cavity;
the glass fiber cloth is connected with the PE film in a hot melting way;
the PE film is in hot melt connection with the PET film;
the PET film is in hot-melt connection with the aluminum foil;
and the aluminum foil is connected with the PA nylon film in a hot melting way.
Preferably, the vacuum insulation panel also comprises an embedded grid for realizing the cutting of the vacuum insulation panel, wherein the embedded grid is a plane plate provided with a plurality of through holes;
the thickness of the embedded grids is more than or equal to that of the core materials, the core materials are filled in the through holes in the embedded grids, and the core materials in two adjacent through holes are separated and are not connected;
the embedded grid is arranged in a closed vacuum cavity formed by wrapping the membrane material, the upper length and width surface of the embedded grid is in hot-melt sealing connection with the inner length and width surface of one membrane material positioned on the upper side, and the lower length and width surface of the embedded grid is in hot-melt sealing connection with the inner length and width surface of the other membrane material positioned on the lower side.
The application provides a polyurethane foam material, which is prepared from a plurality of raw materials, wherein the raw materials of the polyurethane foam material comprise: 6-15 parts by mass of polyol, 0.02-0.2 part by mass of catalyst, 1.5-2.5 parts by mass of foaming agent, 0.2-0.5 part by mass of pore-opening agent, 0.02-0.1 part by mass of foam stabilizer, 10-15 parts by mass of isocyanate, 5-10 parts by mass of component A, 10-15 parts by mass of component B and 10-15 parts by mass of component C;
the component A is one, two or more of graphite, graphene/polymer composite material, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, white carbon black and quartz powder;
the component B is open-cell vitrified micro-beads and/or open-cell pearlife;
the component C is hollow microspheres, and the hollow microspheres are one, two or more of glass microspheres, ceramic microspheres, nano hollow microspheres, vitrified microspheres and alumina microspheres;
the application also provides a preparation method of the polyurethane foam material;
according to the application, the inorganic materials of the component A, the component B and the component C are added to modify the original polyurethane foam material, the heat conductivity coefficient of the modified polyurethane foam material is 0.022-0.036W/(m.k), the fire-proof grade of the modified polyurethane foam material is A grade, the index of a fire-proof detection result accords with the specification of GB/T8624, and the fire-proof performance reaches A2 grade, so that the fire-proof grade of the polyurethane foam material is improved on the basis of ensuring the heat-insulating performance of the polyurethane foam material.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a vacuum insulation panel including a buried pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a sheet of the film of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of an embedded grid according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1 core material, 2 membrane materials, 211 one membrane material positioned on the upper side, 212 the other membrane material positioned on the lower side, 201 glass fiber cloth, 202PE membrane, 203PET membrane, 204 aluminum foil, 205PA nylon membrane;
3 getter, 4 pre-buried pipe;
5 pre-buried grids, 501 through holes and 502 hole walls.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention by way of example, and it is to be understood that the description is intended to further illustrate the features and advantages of the invention and not to limit the scope of the claims.
The application provides a polyurethane foam material, which is prepared from a plurality of raw materials, wherein the raw materials of the polyurethane foam material comprise: 6-15 parts by mass of polyol, 0.02-0.2 part by mass of catalyst, 1.5-2.5 parts by mass of foaming agent, 0.2-0.5 part by mass of pore-opening agent, 0.02-0.1 part by mass of foam stabilizer, 10-15 parts by mass of isocyanate, 5-10 parts by mass of component A, 10-15 parts by mass of component B and 10-15 parts by mass of component C;
the component A is one, two or more of graphite, graphene/polymer composite material, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, white carbon black and quartz powder;
the component B is open-cell vitrified micro-beads and/or open-cell pearlife;
the component C is hollow micro-beads, and the hollow micro-beads are one, two or more of glass micro-beads, ceramic micro-beads, nano hollow micro-beads, vitrified micro-beads and alumina micro-beads.
In one embodiment of the present application, the particle size of the component a is 50 nm to 100 nm;
the particle sizes of the component B and the component C are both 10-50 microns.
In one embodiment herein, the polyol is a polyether polyol;
the catalyst comprises an intumescent catalyst, a gel catalyst and a trimerization catalyst;
the foaming catalyst is dimethylamino ethoxyethanol;
the gel catalyst is one, two or more of hexamethyl triethylene tetramine, triethylene diamine and triethylamine;
the trimerization catalyst is (2-hydroxypropyl) trimethyl ammonium formate or octyl quaternary ammonium salt;
the foaming agent is one, two or more of cyclopentane, isopentane and water;
the pore-forming agent comprises at least one of liquid paraffin, polybutadiene, dimethyl polysiloxane and polytetrafluoroethylene;
the foam stabilizer is an organic silicon foam stabilizer;
the isocyanate is polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate.
The application provides a method for preparing the polyurethane foam material, which comprises the following steps in sequence:
1) uniformly mixing polyol, a catalyst, a foaming agent, a cell opening agent and a foam stabilizer according to a formula to obtain a white material;
2) uniformly mixing the white material prepared in the step 1), the component A, the component B and the component C according to a formula;
3) adding isocyanate into the mixed liquid prepared by uniformly mixing in the step 2), uniformly stirring, putting into a mould, and sequentially foaming and curing to obtain the polyurethane foam material.
In one embodiment of the present application, in step 3), the stirring speed is 2500-.
The graphene/polymer composite material used in the invention is a graphene/polymer composite material produced by an in-situ polymerization method, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: in the in-situ polymerization method, graphite or modified graphite is firstly blended with a monomer or a prepolymer, a proper initiator is dispersed, then parameters such as stabilization time and the like are adjusted, and polymerization is initiated by heat or radiation, so that the graphene/polymer composite material is finally prepared.
Diphenylmethane diisocyanate, also known as diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), is an isomer of 4, 4 '-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 2' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate and the like, is a downstream main product of aromatic hydrocarbon, and is widely applied to the production fields of polyurethane elastomers, and polyurethane materials for manufacturing synthetic fibers, artificial leather, solvent-free coatings and the like. The above-mentioned isocyanate is preferably polymethylenepolyphenyl polyisocyanate.
The component A is added in the formula, and the purpose is to reduce the heat conductivity coefficient of the polyurethane material or keep the heat conductivity coefficient of the polyurethane material not to be improved after modification, so that the polyurethane material achieves excellent heat preservation performance, because the heat conductivity coefficients of graphite, graphene/polymer composite materials, graphite powder, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, white carbon black and quartz powder are low, and the combustion grade is A grade.
The component B is added into the formula of the invention and mainly used as aggregate, because the open-pore pearlite is hollow and light in weight, the open-pore pearlite belongs to a non-combustible material (A grade), and the open-pore pearlite is mixed with a polyurethane material to be an ideal aggregate (used as a supporting material).
The component C is added in the formula of the invention, mainly aiming at improving the compression resistance, tensile strength and combustion grade of the material, because the hollow microspheres have superior performance indexes such as low heat conductivity coefficient, high compression strength, combustion grade A grade and the like, after the hollow microspheres are mixed with polyurethane for use, the combustion quality loss rate is more than or equal to 50 percent, and the regulation of GB/T8624 is reached.
The component A, the component B and the component C added in the invention have excellent performance indexes such as low heat conductivity coefficient, inorganic non-inflammability, compression resistance, high tensile strength and the like, make up for the defects of polyurethane materials, improve the fireproof performance of the polyurethane materials, and keep the original low heat conductivity and excellent waterproof performance of the polyurethane.
The polyurethane foam material also comprises 2-8 parts by mass of additives, wherein the additives are one or two or more of plasticizers, ultraviolet-resistant agents, diluents, chain extenders, flame retardants and pigments.
In fact, the various components described above do not act in isolation, and their effects are reciprocal, with the amount of any one component varying the properties of the material. Each component has independent function, but after the components are combined with each other, the components are mutually excited and mutually promoted, the synergistic effect is very obvious, and the comprehensive performance of the material is obviously improved.
The application also provides a core material of the vacuum insulation panel, which is made of the polyurethane foam material prepared by the preparation method.
As shown in fig. 1-3, in the drawings: a core material 1, a film material 2, one film material 211 positioned on the upper side, the other film material 212 positioned on the lower side, glass fiber cloth 201, a PE film 202, a PET film 203, an aluminum foil 204 and a PA nylon film 205; a getter 3 and an embedded pipe 4; pre-buried grid 5, through hole 501 and hole wall 502.
The application also provides a vacuum insulation panel, which comprises a core material 1, a film material 2 and a getter 3, wherein the core material 1 is made of the polyurethane foam material.
The preparation method of the vacuum insulation panel comprises the following steps of:
a) the polyurethane foam material is cut into the core material 1, then the core material 1 is heated in a vacuum environment, the core material 1 is dried, dehydrated, degassed and the like, the closed cells containing gas can be expanded and cracked to be open cells by vacuum, the opening rate is improved, the vacuum heating belongs to pretreatment of the core material before packaging, the vacuum insulation panel can keep the original low heat conductivity coefficient for a long time after the core material is packaged, the heat conductivity coefficient does not rise in the long-time use process, and the service life of the vacuum insulation panel is prolonged;
b) superposing two pieces of membrane materials together, carrying out hot-melt connection on three sides of the two pieces of membrane materials, and leaving one side to form an opening to obtain a membrane material bag with three sealed sides and one open side;
c) putting the core material 1 and the getter 3 which are subjected to vacuum heating into the film material bag prepared in the step b), vacuumizing the film material bag until the vacuum degree is less than 10Pa, sealing the opening edge of the film material bag through hot fusion, connecting the length and width surfaces of the core material 1 and the inner surface of the film material bag through hot fusion bonding, connecting the end faces of two pipe orifices of the embedded pipe 4 and the two inner surfaces of the film material bag through sealed hot fusion bonding, and preparing the core-film integrated vacuum insulation panel after the completion.
In the preparation method of the vacuum insulation panel, the hot-melt connection, which can also be called as hot-melt connection, is to heat the parts to be connected of the two plastic parts to a molten state respectively, then extrude the molten parts to be connected of the two plastic parts together, and keep the extrusion until the molten plastic is cooled and solidified, so as to complete the hot-melt connection, and no adhesive is used in the middle process, such as: in the water heating installation, the matching surfaces of two PE pipelines are tightly attached to a heating tool to heat the flat end surfaces of the two PE pipelines until the two PE pipelines are molten, after the heating tool is removed, the two molten end surfaces are tightly attached together, and the joint is kept to be cooled under the action of pressure, so that the two PE pipelines are connected into an integral operation.
In order to solve the problem that the core material and the film material of the vacuum insulation panel in the prior art cannot be integrated, in one embodiment of the present application, the outer surface of the core material 1 and the inner surface of the film material 2 are connected by thermal fusion bonding to form a core-film integrated structure;
here, core 1 is the polyurethane material, the internal surface of membrane material 2 is also the polymer film, the two is the polymer material of the same kind, the two can heat the pressurization fuse together, have higher engaging force between the two after the hot melt is connected, make core 1 and membrane material 2 become an organic whole, even make vacuum insulation panel's membrane material damaged, lead to its air intake inefficacy back, the membrane material still firmly bonds together with the core, the two can not separate, it is not stratified, thereby solved original damaged back, the core absorbs water and expands, core and membrane material separation, cause the problem that the decorative layer that originally bonds on vacuum insulation panel's membrane material drops easily, safety factor has been improved.
In order to solve the problem that the vacuum insulation panel in the prior art cannot be anchored by punching holes, in an embodiment of the present application, the vacuum insulation panel further includes an embedded pipe 4 for inserting an anchor rod therethrough;
the embedded pipe 4 is embedded in a core material 1 made of polyurethane foam material, the axial length of the embedded pipe 4 penetrates through the thickness of the core material 1, and the end faces of two pipe openings of the embedded pipe 4 are respectively connected with the inner surfaces of the corresponding membrane materials 2 in a hot-melting sealing manner;
the design is that the embedded pipe 4 is fixed in a mould in advance, then isocyanate is added into the mixed liquid prepared by uniformly mixing in the step 2), the mixed liquid is placed into the mould to be foamed and cured in sequence after being uniformly stirred, and then the polyurethane foam material with the embedded pipe 4 embedded inside is prepared and then is cut into core materials;
preferably, the pre-buried pipe 4 is made of polyethylene PE, because the polyethylene PE has a very low melting point, high strength, corrosion resistance, easy production and easy hot-melt connection with the film material;
after the vacuum insulation panel is manufactured, two pipe orifices of the embedded pipe 4 are sealed by the membrane material 2 (as shown in figure 1), when the vacuum insulation panel is anchored on site, the anchoring rod is directly inserted into the embedded pipe 4, the membrane material 2 sealing the pipe orifice of the embedded pipe 4 is punctured by the sharp anchoring rod, then the inner end of the anchoring rod is fixedly inserted into the building wall or is fixed on the keel, so that the perforation anchoring of the vacuum insulation panel is realized, the connection strength between the vacuum insulation panel and the building wall or the keel is improved, the layering is avoided, the falling accidents are reduced, and the safety is improved.
In one embodiment of the present application, the film material 2 includes a separate film material 211 located on the upper side and another film material 212 located on the lower side, each film material includes a glass fiber cloth 201, a PE film 202, a PET film 203, an aluminum foil 204, and a PA nylon film 205, which are sequentially arranged from the outside of the sealed vacuum cavity to the inside of the sealed vacuum cavity;
the glass fiber cloth 201 is connected with the PE film 202 in a hot melting mode;
the PE film 202 and the PET film 203 are in hot-melt connection;
the PET film 203 is connected with the aluminum foil 204 in a hot melting way;
the aluminum foil 204 is connected with the PA nylon membrane 205 in a hot melting mode;
the thickness of the glass fiber cloth 201 is 0.5-1.5mm, the thickness of the PE film 202 is 15-25 μm, the thickness of the PET film 203 is 38-45 μm, the thickness of the aluminum foil 204 is 240-260 μm, and the thickness of the PA nylon film 205 is 38-45 μm;
in the hot-melt connection, in order to connect the glass fiber cloth 201, the PE film 202, the PET film 203, the aluminum foil 204 and the PA nylon film 205 together by hot-press molding, heating and pressing are performed during the period, and the pressing is maintained until the cooling and solidification are performed, so that the hot-melt connection is completed, the plastic film is heated and pressed in the hot-press process, and then the pressing is maintained until the cooling and solidification are performed, so that the glass fiber cloth 201, the PE film 202, the PET film 203, the aluminum foil 204 and the PA nylon film 205 are connected into a whole body by the generated adhesiveness, and no adhesive is used in the middle process.
The structure of the existing vacuum insulation panel determines that once the vacuum insulation panel is cut, the air inlet of the vacuum insulation panel is failed, and the vacuum insulation effect is lost. For this reason, in order to realize that the vacuum insulation panel can be cut, in an embodiment of the present application, the vacuum insulation panel further includes an embedded grid 5 for realizing that the vacuum insulation panel can be cut, where the embedded grid 5 is a flat plate on which a plurality of through holes 501 are opened;
the thickness of the embedded grid 5 is more than or equal to that of the core material 1, the core material 1 is filled in the through holes 501 in the embedded grid 5, and the core materials 1 in two adjacent through holes 501 are separated and are not connected;
the embedded grids 5 are arranged in a closed vacuum cavity formed by wrapping the membrane materials 2, the upper length and width surfaces of the embedded grids 5 are in thermal fusion sealing connection with the inner length and width surfaces of one membrane material 211 positioned on the upper side, and the lower length and width surfaces of the embedded grids 5 are in thermal fusion sealing connection with the inner length and width surfaces of the other membrane material 212 positioned on the lower side;
the design is that the embedded grid 5 is fixed in a mold in advance, then isocyanate is added into the mixed liquid prepared by uniformly mixing in the step 2), the mixed liquid is uniformly stirred and then placed into the mold to be sequentially foamed and cured, and after the foaming and curing are completed, the polyurethane foam material with the embedded grid 5 embedded inside is prepared, the polyurethane foam material is filled in the through holes 501 in the embedded grid 5, the polyurethane foam materials in two adjacent through holes are separated and are not connected, and then the polyurethane foam material is cut into the core material 1;
here, since the thickness of the embedded grid 5 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the core material 1, the core material 1 is filled in the through holes 501 in the embedded grid 5, the core materials in two adjacent through holes 501 are separated and not connected, the upper surface of the circumferential hole wall 502 of each through hole 501 in the embedded grid 5 is thermally fused and hermetically connected with the inner length and width surface of the upper film material 211, the lower surface of the circumferential hole wall 502 of each through hole in the embedded grid 5 is thermally fused and hermetically connected with the inner length and width surface of the lower film material 212, such that the hole wall 502 of each through hole 501 in the embedded grid, the core material 1 in the through hole 501 and the film material 2 thermally fused and hermetically connected with the hole wall 502 of the through hole 501 form a small vacuum insulation panel, a plurality of small vacuum insulation panels are independent from each other, and after an independent small vacuum insulation panel is damaged and failed, the vacuum heat insulation performance of other independent small vacuum heat insulation plates can not be damaged;
the vacuum insulation panel can be punched in a through hole in the embedded grid, and after the small vacuum insulation panel is punched and penetrated, the vacuum insulation performance of other independent small vacuum insulation panels cannot be damaged, so that the vacuum insulation panel can be punched and inserted into the anchoring rod for punching, anchoring and installation;
therefore, the vacuum insulation panel can be cut along the hole walls of some through holes in the embedded grid, can be cut linearly or can be cut curvilinearly, and can be cut along the hole walls of the through holes in the grid, and the cutting line is along the central line of the thickness of the hole walls, so that the vacuum tightness of any small vacuum insulation panel can not be damaged, and the vacuum insulation panel can be cut into different shapes to meet the requirements of installation surfaces with different shapes on construction sites;
preferably, the pre-buried grid 5 is made of hard PVC plastic or hard PE plastic.
The present invention is not limited to the conventional technical means such as raw materials, compounds, processing equipment, process steps and process parameters, which are not mentioned above, and those well known to those skilled in the art can be used.
For further understanding of the present invention, the following examples are given for illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Example 1
A polyurethane foam material made from a plurality of raw materials, the raw materials of the polyurethane foam material comprising: white material, 11Kg of isocyanate, 5Kg of silicon dioxide, 10Kg of open-pore pearlife, 10Kg of hollow ceramic microspheres and 5Kg of diluent;
the white material comprises the following raw materials: 6.5Kg of polyether polyol, 0.03Kg of catalyst, 1.5Kg of blowing agent, 0.30Kg of cell opener, 0.1Kg of foam stabilizer.
The preparation method of the polyurethane foam material in the embodiment 1 includes the following steps in sequence:
1) uniformly mixing polyol, a catalyst, a foaming agent, a cell opening agent and a foam stabilizer according to a formula to obtain a white material;
2) uniformly mixing the white material prepared in the step 1), the component A, the component B and the component C according to a formula;
3) adding isocyanate into the mixed liquid prepared by uniformly mixing in the step 2), uniformly stirring, putting into a mould, and sequentially foaming and curing to obtain a polyurethane foam material;
in the step 3), the stirring speed is 2500-.
A core material for a vacuum insulation panel, which was made of the polyurethane foam prepared by the preparation method of example 1.
The vacuum insulation panel comprises a core material, a film material and a getter, wherein the core material is the core material in the embodiment 1.
Table 1 results of performance test of vacuum insulation panel prepared in example 1
| Item | Performance results |
| Surface density/Kg/ |
40-60 |
| Compressive strength/10%, MPa | ≥0.08 |
| Tensile strength/MPa | ≥0.10 |
| Thermal conductivity/W/(m.k) | 0.010 |
| Water absorption/%) | ≤0.5 |
| Dimensional stability/%) | ≤0.3 |
| Grade of combustion | Grade A (grade A2) |
The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method of the invention and its core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A polyurethane foam material, characterized by being made from a plurality of raw materials, the raw materials of the polyurethane foam material comprising: 6-15 parts by mass of polyol, 0.02-0.2 part by mass of catalyst, 1.5-2.5 parts by mass of foaming agent, 0.2-0.5 part by mass of pore-opening agent, 0.02-0.1 part by mass of foam stabilizer, 10-15 parts by mass of isocyanate, 5-10 parts by mass of component A, 10-15 parts by mass of component B and 10-15 parts by mass of component C;
the component A is one, two or more of graphite, graphene/polymer composite material, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, white carbon black and quartz powder;
the component B is open-cell vitrified micro-beads and/or open-cell pearlife;
the component C is hollow micro-beads, and the hollow micro-beads are one, two or more of glass micro-beads, ceramic micro-beads, nano hollow micro-beads, vitrified micro-beads and alumina micro-beads.
2. The polyurethane foam of claim 1, wherein the particle size of component a is from 50 nm to 100 nm;
the particle sizes of the component B and the component C are both 10-50 microns.
3. The polyurethane foam of claim 2, wherein the polyol is a polyether polyol;
the catalyst comprises an intumescent catalyst, a gel catalyst and a trimerization catalyst;
the foaming catalyst is dimethylamino ethoxyethanol;
the gel catalyst is one, two or more of hexamethyl triethylene tetramine, triethylene diamine and triethylamine;
the trimerization catalyst is (2-hydroxypropyl) trimethyl ammonium formate or octyl quaternary ammonium salt;
the foaming agent is one, two or more of cyclopentane, isopentane and water;
the pore-forming agent comprises at least one of liquid paraffin, polybutadiene, dimethyl polysiloxane and polytetrafluoroethylene;
the foam stabilizer is an organic silicon foam stabilizer;
the isocyanate is polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate.
4. A method for preparing a polyurethane foam material as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the following steps carried out in this order:
1) uniformly mixing polyol, a catalyst, a foaming agent, a cell opening agent and a foam stabilizer according to a formula to obtain a white material;
2) uniformly mixing the white material prepared in the step 1), the component A, the component B and the component C according to a formula;
3) adding isocyanate into the mixed liquid prepared by uniformly mixing in the step 2), uniformly stirring, putting into a mould, and sequentially foaming and curing to obtain the polyurethane foam material.
5. A core material for a vacuum insulation panel, characterized in that it is made of the polyurethane foam prepared by the preparation method of claim 4.
6. A vacuum insulation panel comprising a core material, a film material and a getter, wherein the core material is the core material according to claim 5.
7. A vacuum insulation panel according to claim 6 wherein the outer surface of said core material is joined to the inner surface of said film material by thermal fusion bonding to form a core-film unitary structure.
8. The vacuum insulation panel of claim 6 further comprising pre-buried tubes for the passage of anchor rods therethrough;
the embedded pipe is embedded in a core material made of polyurethane foam material, the axial length of the embedded pipe penetrates through the thickness of the core material, and the end faces of two pipe openings of the embedded pipe are respectively in hot-melt sealing connection with the inner surfaces of the corresponding membrane materials.
9. The vacuum insulation panel according to claim 6, wherein the film comprises an upper film and a lower film, each of which comprises glass fiber cloth, a PE film, a PET film, an aluminum foil, and a PA nylon film, which are arranged in sequence from the outside of the sealed vacuum cavity to the inside of the sealed vacuum cavity;
the glass fiber cloth is connected with the PE film in a hot melting way;
the PE film is in hot melt connection with the PET film;
the PET film is in hot-melt connection with the aluminum foil;
and the aluminum foil is connected with the PA nylon film in a hot melting way.
10. The vacuum insulation panel according to claim 6, further comprising an embedded grid for realizing the cutting of the vacuum insulation panel, wherein the embedded grid is a planar plate on which a plurality of through holes are formed;
the thickness of the embedded grids is more than or equal to that of the core materials, the core materials are filled in the through holes in the embedded grids, and the core materials in two adjacent through holes are separated and are not connected;
the embedded grid is arranged in a closed vacuum cavity formed by wrapping the membrane material, the upper length and width surface of the embedded grid is in hot-melt sealing connection with the inner length and width surface of one membrane material positioned on the upper side, and the lower length and width surface of the embedded grid is in hot-melt sealing connection with the inner length and width surface of the other membrane material positioned on the lower side.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010885485.2A CN111961176A (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2020-08-28 | Polyurethane foam material and preparation method thereof, vacuum insulation panel and core material thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010885485.2A CN111961176A (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2020-08-28 | Polyurethane foam material and preparation method thereof, vacuum insulation panel and core material thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112610807A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-06 | 四川迈科隆真空新材料有限公司 | Manufacturing and cutting method of multi-section strip-shaped vacuum heat-insulating plate |
| CN114321570A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-12 | 安徽吉曜玻璃微纤有限公司 | Vacuum heat-insulating plate and production method thereof |
| CN115500067A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-12-20 | 苏州申赛新材料有限公司 | Low-reflection magnetic-electric dual-function electromagnetic shielding composite material with gradient structure |
-
2020
- 2020-08-28 CN CN202010885485.2A patent/CN111961176A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112610807A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-06 | 四川迈科隆真空新材料有限公司 | Manufacturing and cutting method of multi-section strip-shaped vacuum heat-insulating plate |
| CN114321570A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-12 | 安徽吉曜玻璃微纤有限公司 | Vacuum heat-insulating plate and production method thereof |
| CN114321570B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-08-08 | 安徽吉曜玻璃微纤有限公司 | Vacuum insulation panel and production method thereof |
| CN115500067A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-12-20 | 苏州申赛新材料有限公司 | Low-reflection magnetic-electric dual-function electromagnetic shielding composite material with gradient structure |
| CN115500067B (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2023-08-29 | 苏州申赛新材料有限公司 | Electromagnetic shielding composite material with low-reflection magneto-electric dual-functional gradient structure |
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Application publication date: 20201120 |