SI25422A - Process and device for producing a suitable surface structure in process of surface treatment of wooden flooring - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process and apparatus for the production of an appropriate surface structure in the surface treatment of wooden floor coverings with the aim of achieving an incomplete planar surface with raised and / or recessed points which are arranged in accordance with conventional patterns or incorrectly and randomly imitating the appearance of the manual and / or rough roughing results in the rustical effect of the surface and as if it has been in use for a long time. The process and device according to the invention allows the planar surface at the edges of the two elements to always be embedded with the same pattern, either the raised and / or recessed points, thereby preventing the formation of uneven and sharp contact edges between two elements of the wooden floor covering. This achieves a uniform and natural appearance of wooden floor coverings and eliminates the problems of sticking and consequently the wear of wooden floor coverings.

Description

Method and device for making a suitable surface structure in the process of surface treatment of wooden floor coverings

State of the art

The invention relates to a method and a device for making a suitable surface structure in the process of surface treatment of wooden floor coverings with the aim of achieving an incomplete flat surface with raised and / or recessed points arranged according to normal patterns or irregularly and randomly imitating the appearance of a manual and / or rough treatment giving a rustic surface effect as if it has been in use for a long time. The surface of wooden floor coverings is primarily made of solid wood / veneer obtained by cutting or sawing technology up to a thickness of 6 mm. The challenge is a complete change in the structure of the surface layer up to 4 mm thick. The invention generally belongs to the field of devices and methods for surface treatment of wooden floor coverings.

Description of the technical problem

Mechanical treatment of wood is the basic pre-treatment on the visible surface of the wooden flooring element and has a decisive influence on the final structure of the surface, such as color intensity, smoothness, adhesion and absorption of the protective coating, etc. In addition, the purpose of mechanical treatment is to try to recreate the structure of the aged, rustic and worn surface with the help of special procedures. The core of the invention is a combination of thermal, mechanical and chemical technological processes with the aim of changing the surface of the floor covering.

The current technology of surface treatment of wooden floor coverings in order to recreate the structure of the aged and worn surface includes brushing, planing and sawing technologies. The surface brushing technology is carried out by transporting the elements of the wooden floor covering via rotating cylindrical brushes on an industrial line. The depth and intensity of the brushed surface is affected by changing the processing parameters such as brush hardness, brush material (metal, plastics), number of passes through the machine, direction of board passage through the machine, degree of brush pressure on the board and tree species. When brushing, mainly wound wood is removed from the surface, where the diameter of the trachea is 20 - 40 pm and is therefore softer (lower density / lower strength / hardness). The denser late wood, where the diameter of the trachea is 5 - 10 pm and the wood is harder, remained almost unchanged. The surface is rougher after brushing and has a greater ability to absorb (absorb) surface treatment agents in further procedures for the protection of wooden flooring elements. Abrasion resistance increases, and with it the durability of floor coverings. The surface brushing method achieves the effect of cleaning wooden raw floors with sorghum brushes.

The method of sawing surfaces is used to achieve the appearance of a raw sawn board, on which traces of saw teeth are still visible. The process of making such an appearance is carried out in stages of making a smooth element of the wooden floor covering and finishing sanding, making traces of saw teeth on a band saw machine and polishing or brushing the surface.

In the case of hardwoods, brushing does not allow enough surface material to be removed to recreate a deep, aged and worn surface. For this purpose, planing technology is suitable, which allows greater removal of surface material. The machining planer head has profiled cutting knives that create a different structure on the surface of the wooden flooring element. Surface planing technology is implemented with two planing heads. The first head oscillates perpendicular to the feed direction, while the second planer head oscillates and also oscillates up and down. The depth of the waves left on the surface by the oscillating blade at a certain movement of the workpiece is changed by changing the radius of the profile of the planing head and by changing the depth of removal of the planing.

Such surface planing technology creates incomplete flat surfaces with raised and / or recessed points, and achieves the effect of imitation of uneven treatment, or the appearance created by the use of raw and surface-free old wooden flooring due to walking with shoes. After planing, the surface must be prepared by brushing for further surface treatment with chemical preparations.

The intensity of the appearance of the worn surface can be further increased by moving the machining planer head perpendicular to the direction of movement and / or perpendicular to the surface of the wooden floor covering element.

The problem is the contact edges between two elements of the wooden floor covering, where due to an incomplete flat surface with raised and / or recessed points, two incomplete flat surfaces can meet, such as a raised and recessed point, which causes visible and sharp edges at the contact of two elements. causing jamming, dirt collection, and faster floor wear.

State of the art

A technical problem that is not satisfactorily solved is a controlled technological process of planing the surface of the floor covering element, which will ensure perfect contact of the edges with the raised and / or recessed points of the two elements of the wooden floor covering.

U.S. Patent 2014/0342125 A1 deals with a programmed automated system for surface treatment of wooden panels, creating random patterns on the surface but finishing the machined machine just before the edge of the element.

Patent AT 515489 Al 2015-09-15 describes a process for treating surfaces on wooden panels, but already begins with a profiled surface which is later brushed, pigmented, oiled and treated with steel wool, which is also the emphasis in the claims. The grooves on the surface themselves are not mentioned.

Patent DE 10 2016 009 517 A1 describes the random treatment of the surface of a wooden floor covering element with planing heads but does not treat the same beginnings and ends of the treatment on one element.

In order to achieve certain surface properties of the elements of wooden flooring, the surface must be treated according to a certain technological procedure.

Description of the new solution

The invention relates to a process and a device for making a suitable surface structure in the process of surface treatment of wooden floor coverings, especially for wood-based or wood-based workpieces, in order to achieve an incomplete flat surface with raised and / or recessed points arranged in according to normal patterns or incorrectly and randomly with the aim of recreating the structure of the aged and worn surface.

The process and device for making a suitable surface structure in the process of mechanical surface treatment of wooden floor coverings enables:

1. controlled and precise processing of the finishing edges of the wooden flooring elements

2. the desired appearance of a worn, rustic surface

3. emphasis on natural properties of wood, color, texture, gloss, pleasant surface touch,

4. Improving physical and mechanical properties and thus increasing resistance to moisture and heat, shock, scratches and wear,

5. protective function against aging, weather conditions, insects, fungi, increase resistance to chemical influences and enable easier cleaning and maintenance of the surface

6. economic function in the choice of materials and technologies that increase the market value of the product at the lowest production costs.

The new process and device for making a suitable surface structure in the process of surface treatment of wooden floor coverings enables synchronized longitudinal movement of the wooden floor covering element with the transverse movement of the planing head. In such a way as to ensure that the start and end of machining / fabrication of raised and / or recessed points in one and all elements are always in the same place.

The device consists of a lower flat table, two planing heads above the table and feeding devices, rollers and belt conveyors located above the table. The feeding devices perform the transport of the wooden floor covering element via stationary planing heads with respect to the longitudinal movement of the workpiece. The planing heads are movable horizontally in the transverse direction with respect to the movement of the element and vertically with respect to the longitudinal movement of the element.

The elements of the wooden flooring preferably consist of natural wood, one or more layers, the outer layer being preferably 3 to 6 mm thick. The elements are preferably rectangular in shape. The length in the direction of the wood of the outer layer is preferably from 400 to 4000 mm and in widths transverse to the direction of the wood of the outer layer perpendicular to the length preferably from 70 to 300 mm and in total thicknesses preferably from 9 to 30 mm.

The process is a coordinated longitudinal movement of the element and the transverse and vertical movement of the planer heads. Planing heads are preferably fixed with interchangeable knives, but may be in one piece or consist of several pieces.

The method and device for making a suitable surface structure in the process of surface treatment of wooden floor coverings according to the invention comprises at least one or more external devices, preferably a sensor mounted on a planer head which can send and / or receive data and enable communication with a process unit it is managed by the user. User communication is established via the communication unit and allows setting the parameters of the algorithm running on the process unit. The user is enabled to operate the device and to control and direct the production of a suitable surface structure in the process of planing surfaces on which incomplete flat surfaces with raised and / or recessed points are formed.

The method and device for making a suitable surface structure in the process of surface treatment of wooden floor coverings according to the present invention differs from the methods known so far in that they contain sensors for controlled process control, which are mounted on the planing head. The planing head is arbitrarily adjusted according to the desired starting and ending point of the wooden flooring element. The depth of removal of the surface material of the wooden flooring element is regulated by a controlled change of the vertical distance from the planer head and the wooden flooring element according to the algorithm of random cycles of vertical oscillation.

According to the obtained data, the process unit coordinates the transverse movement of the planing head via actuators and potentiometers so that the planing always starts and ends at the same place of the wooden floor covering element.

Between the start and end point of processing of one element of the wooden floor covering, a horizontal oscillation of the transverse movement of the planer head is performed according to the algorithm of random cycles. This ensures the uniqueness of the pattern on the surface. The start and end position of the planer head relative to the element is fixed and can be changed in a batch. The random number of oscillations is programmatically limited according to the entered data on the length and position of the element and the feed rate of the element through the processing process. With this, the entry and exit points are always at the same distance from the longitudinal edge of the element.

The new process and device allows the planer head to be regulated via a communication interface, allowing the exact start and end of the wood floor element to be determined via the entered length of the wood floor element by continuously feeding elements without gaps between elements or via an element start position sensor. This achieves the independence of the appearance of the treated surface from the mode of transport of the element. When the processing of the wooden floor element is completed, the processing unit stops the movement of the planing head and continues the process on the new wooden floor element in the same place, which is the same for all elements.

The necessary data, according to the present invention, on the basis of which the process unit controls the surface planing process via algorithm parameters, consist of variable and fixed data.

Variable process data from the sensors are the position of the planer heads and the wooden floor element and the machine data on the rotational speed of the planer head and the feed speed of the wooden floor element are processed by a programmed process unit and the actuators control the movement of the planer head according to the wooden floor element. Fixed process data entered by the user via the communication unit are the initial horizontal position of the planer head, the minimum and maximum number of oscillations of the planer head along the length of one wooden floor element, the minimum and maximum vertical distance from the planer head and the surface of the wooden floor element.

The method and device according to the invention allow the flat surfaces at the edges of the two elements to always catch the same pattern, either raised and / or recessed points, thus preventing the formation of uneven and sharp contact edges between the two elements of the wooden floor covering. This achieves a uniform and natural appearance of the wooden floor covering and eliminates the problems of jamming and consequent wear of the wooden floor covering.

Claims (7)

Patent claims Device for making a suitable surface structure in the process of surface treatment of wooden floor coverings characterized in that the device consists of a lower flat table, two planing heads above the table and feeding devices, rollers and belt conveyors and comprises at least one or more external devices, preferably it is a sensor, a communication unit and a process unit. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the sensor is preferably mounted on the planer head and the beginning of the element and is connected to a communication unit and a process unit which are optionally installed outside the device and are controlled by a user who can send and / or receives data and allows communication with the process unit while allowing the setting of parameters of the algorithm running on the process unit. A method for producing a suitable surface structure with a device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the longitudinal movement of the wooden flooring elements and the transverse and vertical movement of the planing heads are coordinated, allowing the user to control the device and control and direct the production of a suitable surface structure in the process of planing a surface on which incomplete planar surfaces with raised and / or recessed points are formed. Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the beginning and the end of the processing / making of the raised and / or recessed points in one and in all elements are always in the same place of the wooden flooring element. Method according to Claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the data on the basis of which the process unit controls the surface planing process via algorithm parameters consists of variable and fixed data. Method according to Claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the variable process data from the sensors comprise data on the position of the planing heads and the wooden floor covering element and data on the rotational speed of the planing head and the feeding speed of the wooden floor covering element. Method according to Claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the fixed process data entered by the user via the communication unit consists of the initial horizontal position of the planer head, the minimum and maximum number of oscillations of the planer head along the length of one wooden floor element, the minimum and maximum vertical distance from the planing head and the surface of the wooden flooring element.