SI24888A - A sensor for measuring moisture on uneven surface - Google Patents
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- SI24888A SI24888A SI201400403A SI201400403A SI24888A SI 24888 A SI24888 A SI 24888A SI 201400403 A SI201400403 A SI 201400403A SI 201400403 A SI201400403 A SI 201400403A SI 24888 A SI24888 A SI 24888A
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013481 data capture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000530 Gallium indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004497 NIR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002847 impedance measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3554—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for determining moisture content
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/314—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry with comparison of measurements at specific and non-specific wavelengths
- G01N21/3151—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry with comparison of measurements at specific and non-specific wavelengths using two sources of radiation of different wavelengths
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/4738—Diffuse reflection, e.g. also for testing fluids, fibrous materials
- G01N21/474—Details of optical heads therefor, e.g. using optical fibres
- G01N2021/4742—Details of optical heads therefor, e.g. using optical fibres comprising optical fibres
- G01N2021/475—Bifurcated bundle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3563—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing solids; Preparation of samples therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
- G01N2201/06—Illumination; Optics
- G01N2201/069—Supply of sources
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
- G01N2201/08—Optical fibres; light guides
Abstract
Senzor (1) za merjenje vlage je tvorjen iz modula (2) laserskih diod, ki obsega dve laserski diodi (3), prve fotodiode (4), druge fotodiode (5), lockin ojačevalnika (6) prve fotodiode, lockin ojačevalnika (7) druge fotodiode, regulatorja moči (8) laserske diode, optične povezave (11), modula (9) za zajemanje podatkov ter naprave (10) za obdelavo podatkov, prikaz merilnih rezultatov in krmiljenje postopka merjenja, pri čemer je optična povezava (11) opremljena s prvim odcepom (15), ki optično povezuje lasersko diodo (3) in prvo fotodiodo (4), s čimer omogoča kompenzacijo nestabilnosti laserske diode (3) zaradi temperaturnih in mehanskih vplivov.The moisture sensor (1) is formed from a laser module module (2) comprising two laser diodes (3), a first photodiode (4), another photodiode (5), a lockin amplifier (6) of the first photodiode, a lockin amplifier ) of the other photodiodes, the power controller (8) of the laser diode, the optical connection (11), the data acquisition module (9), and the data processing device (10), the display of measurement results and the control of the measurement process, is equipped with a first branch (15) that connects the laser diode (3) and the first photodiode (4) optically, thereby compensating for the instability of the laser diode (3) due to temperature and mechanical effects.
Description
SENZOR ZA MERJENJE VLAGE NA NERAVNI POVRŠINIMoisture sensor on uneven surface
Predmet izumaThe subject of the invention
Senzor za merjenje vlage na neravni površini, ki omogoča enostavno, hitro in učinkovito merjenje vlage na površini predmetov neravne geometrije.Moisture sensor on uneven surface that allows for simple, fast and efficient measurement of surface moisture of uneven geometry objects.
Tehnični problemA technical problem
Tehnični problem, ki ga rešuje izum, je, kako zasnovati senzor za enostavno, hitro in učinkovito merjenje vlage na površini predmetov neravne geometrije v serijski proizvodnji, pri čemer naj bo senzor sestavljen iz cenovno ugodnih komponent, ki so dostopne na trgu.A technical problem solved by the invention is how to design a sensor for simple, fast and efficient measurement of moisture on the surface of objects of uneven geometry in batch production, where the sensor should consist of affordable components that are commercially available.
Stanje tehnikeThe state of the art
Vlaga je pomemben spremljevalec procesov v najrazličnejših industrijskih panogah, na primer v farmaciji, prehrambeni industriji, gradbeništvu, papimištvu, tekstilstvu, izdelavi polimernih filmov, itd. Večinoma se pojavlja kot preostanek v vmesnih fazah procesa ali na njegovem koncu. V nekaterih primerih je nezaželena, v drugih nujno potrebna, največkrat pa sicer dovoljena, a v točno določenih mejah. Iz tega razloga so se že precej zgodaj pojavili različni načini ali naprave za merjenje vlage v materialih. Obstajajo metode merjenja, ki temeljijo na različnih fizikalnih principih, na primer uporovno merjenje, radiofrekvenčno merjenje, impedančno merjenje, kapacitivno merjenje, mikrovalovno merjenje, merjenje na podlagi nuklearne magnetne resonance. Vsi ti načini imajo vsaj eno od naslednjih slabosti: nenatančnost, zahtevnost kalibracije, posebna priprava vzorca za merjenje, kontakt z vzorcem, merjenje samo celotne vlage oz. profila vlage in ne vlage na površini, kompleksna in draga oprema. ZMoisture is an important follower of processes in a wide variety of industries, such as pharmaceuticals, food processing, construction, papyming, textiles, polymer films, etc. Mostly it appears as a residue in the intermediate stages of the process or at its end. In some cases it is undesirable, in others it is absolutely necessary, but in most cases it is allowed, but within certain limits. For this reason, various methods or devices for measuring moisture in materials appeared early on. There are methods of measurement based on various physical principles, such as resistive measurement, radio frequency measurement, impedance measurement, capacitive measurement, microwave measurement, nuclear magnetic resonance measurement. All of these methods have at least one of the following disadvantages: imprecision, calibration complexity, special preparation of the sample for measurement, contact with the sample, measurement of total moisture only, or moisture profile rather than surface moisture, complex and expensive equipment. Z
ΡΡ/44168/ΡΚ-Χ/14 naglim razvojem optike se je sredi 50 let prejšnjega stoletja začela uveljavljati spektrofotometrija v bližnjem infrardečem (angl. NIR - near infrared) spektralnem območju svetlobe, kije odpravila precej prej omenjenih pomanjkljivosti. Gre za to, da imajo molekule vode sposobnost absorbiranja svetlobe v infrardečem oz. bližnjem infrardečem območju elektromagnetnega spektra. Značilnost vode je, da absorbira predvsem v srednjem infrardečem območju, pri čemer sta najbolj značilna absorpcijska vrhova okoli 1400 nm in 1900 nm, ki sta tudi najbolj v uporabi v merilni tehniki. Bistvo jev tem, da se z virom svetlobe omenjenih valovnih dolžin osvetljuje predmet oz. material, katerega vsebnost vlage želimo izmeriti. Večja kot je vsebnost vlage, več svetlobe se absorbira in manj odbije od predmeta oz. preide skozi njega.44/44168 / ΡΚ-Χ / 14 With the rapid development of optics, spectrophotometry in the near-infrared (NIR) spectral range of light began to take effect in the mid-1950s, eliminating much of the aforementioned shortcomings. It is about the fact that water molecules have the ability to absorb light in the infrared. near infrared electromagnetic spectrum. The characteristic of water is that it absorbs mainly in the mid-infrared region, with absorption peaks around 1400 nm and 1900 nm being the most characteristic, which are also the most used in measuring techniques. The point is that the light source of the mentioned wavelengths illuminates the object or light. material whose moisture content we want to measure. The higher the moisture content, the more light is absorbed and the less it reflects off the object or object. goes through it.
V industriji obstaja vse večja potreba po merjenju vlage na površini oz. v majhnih globinah blizu površine. V določenih primerih je vpliv vlage v površinski plasti, ki meri največ 1 mm, zelo pomemben. Eden takih primerov je lepljenje na majhne polimerne sestavne dele elektromotorjev, ki se uporabljajo v avtomobilski industriji. Ker gre za velikoserijsko proizvodnjo, kjer je zavoljo zmanjševanja izmeta in s tem stroškov zagotavljanje kakovosti lepljenja ključnega pomena, je treba vlago na površini predmeta ohranjati v natančno določenih mejah, za kar je potrebna merilna oprema oz. senzor, ki omogoča zanesljivo, natančno, točno in ponovljivo merjenje vlage na površini oz. blizu površine.There is a growing need in the industry to measure moisture on the surface or surface. at low depths near the surface. In certain cases, the influence of moisture in the surface layer, which measures up to 1 mm in size, is very important. One such example is the bonding to small polymer components of electric motors used in the automotive industry. As it is a large-scale production where, in order to reduce the ejection and thus the cost, ensuring the quality of bonding is crucial, the moisture on the surface of the object must be kept within well-defined limits, which requires measuring equipment or equipment. sensor that enables reliable, accurate, accurate and repeatable measurement of surface or surface moisture. near the surface.
Izkaže se, da je za to zelo primerna prej omenjena spektroskopija v bližnjem infrardečem območju svetlobe. Le-ta omogoča merjenje na podlagi odbite ali prenesene infrardeče svetlobe, torej dela svetlobe, ki se ne absorbira. V prvem primeru sta vir svetlobe in zaznavalo svetlobe razporejena na isti strani predmeta, medtem ko mora biti v drugem primeru vir svetlobe razporejen na eni strani in zaznavalo svetlobe na drugi strani predmeta. Za merjenje površinske vlage netransparentnih predmetov majhne debeline je najbolj primeren način z merjenjem odbite svetlobe. Pri večini spektroskopskih metod za merjenje vlage sta potrebni dve meritvi pri različnih valovnih dolžinah svetlobe, in sicer v absorpcijskem pasu vlage (merilna valovna dolžina) in pri valovni dolžini, pri kateri ne pride do absorpcije svetlobe zaradi vlage (referenčna valovna dolžina), saj iz razmerja med signalom odbite svetlobe referenčneThe aforementioned near-infrared spectroscopy turns out to be very suitable for this. It allows measurement based on reflected or transmitted infrared light, that is, the part of light that is not absorbed. In the first case, the light source and the light sensor are located on the same side of the object, while in the second case the light source must be located on one side and the light sensor on the other side of the object. The best way to measure the surface moisture of non-transparent objects of small thickness is by measuring reflected light. Most spectroscopic methods for measuring moisture require two measurements at different wavelengths of light, namely in the moisture absorption band (measuring wavelength) and at a wavelength that does not absorb light due to moisture (reference wavelength), since the ratio of the reflected light signal to the reference
ΡΡ/44168/ΡΗ-Χ/14 valovne dolžine in signalom odbite svetlobe merilne valovne dolžine lahko izračunamo vsebnost vlage. Na ta način tudi kompenziramo svetlobne izgube, ki niso povezane z absorpcijo. Te izgube vključujejo razprševanje svetlobe od predmeta, vpliv okoliške svetlobe, barve predmeta in prahu. Iz različnih razlogov je zelo prikladno, če je izbrana referenčna valovna dolžina blizu merilni valovni dolžini, a izven absorpcijskega pasu. Za zagotavljanje svetlobe dveh različnih valovnih dolžin sta potrebna dva različna vira svetlobe - v večini primerov laserski diodi - ki sevata svetlobo teh valovnih dolžin. Diodi sta električno modulirani, kar pomeni, da svetlobo moduliramo pri dveh frekvencah, in sicer z eno frekvenco referenčno valovno dolžino in z drugo merilno valovno dolžino. S tem se izognemo interferenci z okoliško svetlobo (100 Hz) in napajalno napetostjo (50 Hz) oz. odpravimo šum. Od vira potuje svetloba po optičnem vodniku do optičnega elementa (zrcalo, prizma), od koder se projicira na predmet, kateremu želimo izmeriti vlago. Od slednjega odbito svetlobo spet zajame optični element (zrcalo, prizma), nato svetloba po optičnem vodniku nadaljuje pot do zaznavala svetlobe, ki je največkrat fotodioda (Si, PbS ali InGaAs). Tu se svetlobni signal spremeni v električnega, ki se ojača v posebnem lockin ojačevalniku, kjer se tudi demodulira, s čimer izločimo vpliv okoliške svetlobe. Nato gre signal v napravo za zajemanje podatkov, od koder ga vodimo v napravo za obdelavo podatkov, prikaz merilnih rezultatov in krmiljenje postopka merjenja (npr. osebni računalnik). Vsako od laserskih diod moduliramo s pomočjo krmilnika ali regulatorja (električnega toka ali moči), ki je vezan med napravo za zajemanje podatkov in lasersko diodo.ΡΡ / 44168 / ΡΗ-Χ / 14 wavelength and the reflected light wavelength of the measuring wavelength, the moisture content can be calculated. In this way, we also compensate for light losses that are not related to absorption. These losses include the scattering of light from the object, the influence of ambient light, the color of the object and dust. For various reasons, it is very convenient if the selected reference wavelength is close to the measuring wavelength but outside the absorption band. To provide light for two different wavelengths, two different light sources are required - in most cases laser diodes - that radiate light from these wavelengths. The diodes are electrically modulated, which means that we modulate light at two frequencies, one reference wavelength and the other measuring wavelength. This avoids interference with ambient light (100 Hz) and supply voltage (50 Hz) or. eliminate the noise. From the source light travels through the optical conductor to the optical element (mirror, prism), from where it is projected onto the object to which moisture is to be measured. From the latter, the reflected light is again captured by the optical element (mirror, prism), then the light continues along the optical conductor to the light sensor, which is mostly a photodiode (Si, PbS or InGaAs). Here, the light signal is converted into an electrical signal, which is amplified in a special lockin amplifier, where it is also demodulated, eliminating the influence of ambient light. Then the signal goes to the data capture device, from where it is led to the data processing device, display of measurement results and control of the measurement process (eg PC). Each of the laser diodes is modulated by means of a controller or controller (electrical or power) that is connected between the data acquisition device and the laser diode.
Znane tehnične rešitve imajo veliko slabosti. Uporabljajo namensko merilno opremo, predvsem spektrometre, ki so zelo dragi. Merilne glave so okorne in vsebujejo gibljive mehanske dele, dodatne občutljive optične dele (zrcala, leče, prizme), ki jih je velikokrat treba nastavljati, in so v glavnem namenjene samo za merjenje vlage na velikih ravnih površinah (papimištvo, tekstilstvo). Če je vir svetlobe namesto laserske diode halogenska svetlika (bela svetloba vseh spektrov), so potrebni še ozkopasovni filtri (npr. kolut s filtri za različne valovne dolžine). Vir svetlobe in zaznavalo odbiteKnown technical solutions have many disadvantages. They use dedicated measuring equipment, especially spectrometers, which are very expensive. Measuring heads are cumbersome and contain moving mechanical parts, additional sensitive optical parts (mirrors, lenses, prisms) that many times need to be adjusted, and are mainly intended only for measuring moisture on large flat surfaces (papimism, textile). If the light source is a halogen light (white light of all spectra) instead of a laser diode, narrowband filters (eg a disc with filters for different wavelengths) are required. Light source and sensor reflected
ΡΡ/44168/ΡΗ-Χ/14ΡΡ / 44168 / ΡΗ-Χ / 14
svetlobe nista na isti osi, zato ni možno meriti vlage na površini predmetov manjših dimenzij.the light is not on the same axis, so it is not possible to measure moisture on the surface of smaller objects.
Tehnična rešitev, ki je opisana v patentni prijavi št. WO 2006/118619 Al, omogoča merjenje vlage na velikih površinah, in sicer na neskončnem traku papirja na stroju za izdelavo papirja. Senzor obsega optično glavo, ki je izvedena tako, da infrardeča svetloba po optičnem vlaknu potuje od vira svetlobe do zrcala, kjer se odbije na papir. Od tam odbita infrardeča svetloba se zopet odbije od zrcala in nadaljuje pot po drugem optičnem vlaknu do fotodiode. Ker vpadna svetloba in odbita svetloba nista v isti osi, je glava take konfiguracije, da ni primerna za merjenje vlage na površini neravnih predmetov, še zlasti manjših dimenzij. Poleg tega je za hlajenje vira svetlobe potreben Peltierov hladilnik.The technical solution described in patent application no. WO 2006/118619 Al, enables the measurement of moisture over large surfaces, by means of an endless strip of paper on a paper-making machine. The sensor comprises an optical head, which is designed so that the infrared light travels through the optical fiber from the light source to the mirror, where it is reflected onto paper. From there, the infrared light is reflected back from the mirror and continues along the second optical fiber to the photodiode. Since the incident light and reflected light are not in the same axis, the head is of such a configuration that it is not suitable for measuring moisture on the surface of uneven objects, especially of smaller dimensions. In addition, a Peltier refrigerator is required to cool the light source.
Sistem za merjenje vlage po patentni prijavi št. EP 2028476 Al se ravno tako uporablja za merjenje vlage na površini predmetov, ki imajo večje dimenzije, na primer traku papirja ali različnih plošč. Sistem meri profil vlage, za kar uporablja tako odboj infrardeče svetlobe kot tudi prehod infrardeče svetlobe skozi papir, za kar sta potrebni dve optični glavi in dostop z obeh strani papirja. Sistem tako ni primeren za merjenje vlage na površini manjših neravnih predmetov. Pomanjkljivost sistema je tudi v tem, da je precej kompleksen, saj uporablja zrcala in leče, ki so podvržene mehanskemu lezenju in s tem povzročajo nenatančnost meritev.Moisture measurement system according to patent application no. EP 2028476 Al is also used to measure moisture on the surface of objects of larger dimensions, such as a strip of paper or various panels. The system measures the moisture profile, which uses both infrared light reflection and infrared light transmission through paper, which requires two optical heads and access from both sides of the paper. The system is thus not suitable for measuring moisture on the surface of smaller, uneven objects. The disadvantage of the system is that it is quite complex, since it uses mirrors and lenses that are subject to mechanical creep and thus cause inaccuracy of measurements.
Rešitev tehničnega problemaThe solution to a technical problem
Opisani tehnični problem je rešen s senzorjem za merjenje vlage na neravni površini po izumu, ki je izveden s posebno optično povezavo med virom svetlobe in predmetom za enostavno, hitro in učinkovito merjenje vlage na površini predmetov neravne geometrije.The described technical problem is solved by a sensor for measuring moisture on a rough surface according to the invention, which is made with a special optical connection between the light source and the object for simple, fast and efficient measurement of moisture on the surface of objects of uneven geometry.
Senzor za merjenje vlage je tvorjen iz modula laserskih diod, ki obsega dve laserski diodi, prve fotodiode, druge fotodiode, lockin ojačevalnika prve fotodiode, lockin ojačevalnika druge fotodiode, regulatorja moči laserske diode, optične povezave,The humidity sensor is formed by a laser diode module comprising two laser diodes, a first photodiode, a second photodiode, a lockin amplifier of the first photodiode, a lockin amplifier of the second photodiode, a laser diode power controller, optical connections,
ΡΡ/44168/ΡΗ-Χ/14 modula za zajemanje podatkov ter naprave za obdelavo podatkov, prikaz merilnih rezultatov in krmiljenje postopka merjenja.44/44168 / ΡΗ-Χ / 14 data capture and data processing modules, display of measurement results and control of the measurement process.
Modul laserskih diod tvorita laserski diodi, od katerih vsaka seva infrardečo svetlobo različne valovne dolžine, in sicer ena seva svetlobo t.i. merilne valovne dolžine, druga pa svetlobo t.i. referenčne valovne dolžine.The laser diode module is formed by laser diodes, each of which emits infrared light of different wavelengths, namely one strain of light, i.e. measuring wavelengths, the other being light i.e. reference wavelengths.
Omenjeno optično povezavo sestavljajo glavni svetlobni vodnik in dva odcepa v obliki svetlobnih vlaken. Glavni svetlobni vodnik, ki obsega svetlobna vlakna, optično povezuje vir svetlobe in predmet, katerega vlago želimo izmeriti. Eno vlakno glavnega svetlobnega vodnika, prvi odcep, se odcepi od glavnega svetlobnega vodnika tako, da optično povezuje vir svetlobe in zaznavalo svetlobe oz. prenaša svetlobo, ki jo seva vir svetlobe. Drugi odcep v obliki svetlobnega vlakna se priključi glavnemu svetlobnemu vodniku na način, da optično povezuje zaznavalo svetlobe in predmet. To svetlobno vlakno prenaša svetlobo, ki se odbije od predmeta. Vsako od odcepljenih svetlobnih vlaken vodi svetlobo do zaznavala svetlobe, in sicer prvi odcep do prvega zaznavala svetlobe ter drugi odcep do drugega zaznavala svetlobe. Vir svetlobe sta v tem primeru laserski diodi, zaznavalo svetlobe pa fotodiodi.Said optical connection consists of a main light conductor and two light fiber-shaped branches. The main light guide, which comprises light fibers, optically connects the light source and the object whose moisture is to be measured. One fiber of the main light guide, the first branch, is detached from the main light guide by optically connecting the light source and the light detector, respectively. transmits light emitted by a light source. The second light fiber-shaped branch is connected to the main light guide in such a way that it optically connects the light sensor and the object. This light fiber transmits light that bounces off the object. Each of the split light fibers leads the light to the light detector, the first turn to the first light detector and the second turn to the second light detector. In this case, the light source is laser diodes and the light sensor is photodiodes.
Optična povezava poleg tega, da omogoča merjenje vlage na površini predmetov neravne geometrije in manjših dimenzij, omogoča tudi kompenzacijo nestabilnosti vira svetlobe zaradi vpliva temperature, saj je znano, da je optična moč laserske svetlobe precej odvisna od temperature, in kompenzacijo nestabilnosti vira svetlobe zaradi mehanskih vplivov. To je izvedeno na način, da prvi odcep prenaša svetlobo od vira svetlobe do zaznavala svetlobe, kjer se le-ta meri. Drugi odcep vodi svetlobo, ki se odbije od predmeta, do zaznavala svetlobe. Nestabilnosti oz. šum, ki se izmerijo pri svetlobi s prvega odcepa (vira svetlobe), se izmerijo tudi pri svetlobi z drugega odcepa (predmeta). Na ta način se nestabilnosti kompenzirajo.In addition to allowing moisture to be measured on the surface of objects of uneven geometry and smaller dimensions, the optical connection also compensates for the instability of the light source due to the influence of temperature, since it is known that the optical power of laser light is highly temperature dependent, and the compensation of the instability of the light source due to mechanical influences. This is done in such a way that the first turn transmits light from the light source to the light sensor where it is measured. The second branch leads the light reflected from the object to the light detector. Instability or. noise that is measured in light from the first turn (light source) is also measured in light from the second turn (object). In this way, the instabilities are compensated for.
Podrobneje bo izum pojasnjen v nadaljevanju z opisom izvedbenega primera in priloženih skic, ki prikazujejo:The invention will be explained in more detail below with a description of an embodiment and the accompanying drawings showing:
ΡΡ/44168/ΡΗ-Χ/14 • · slika 1: shematski prikaz senzorja slika 2: shematski prikaz optične povezaveΡΡ / 44168 / ΡΗ-Χ / 14 • · Figure 1: Sensor schematic Figure 2: Optical link diagram
Senzor 1 za merjenje vlage je tvorjen iz modula 2 laserskih diod, ki obsega dve laserski diodi 3, prve fotodiode 4, druge fotodiode 5, lockin ojačevalnika 6 prve fotodiode, lockin ojačevalnika 7 druge fotodiode, regulatorja moči 8 laserske diode, optične povezave 11, ki optično povezuje lasersko diodo 3 s predmetom 14, ki ga merimo, pri čemer se od glavnega svetlobnega vodnika 12 odcepi prvi odcep 15 v obliki svetlobnega vlakna, ki vodi svetlobo od laserske diode 3 do prve fotodiode 4, drugi odcep 16 v obliki svetlobnega vlakna pa se priključi glavnemu svetlobnemu vodniku 12 in vodi od predmeta 14 odbito svetlobo do druge fotodiode 5, modula 9 za zajemanje podatkov ter naprave 10 za obdelavo podatkov, prikaz merilnih rezultatov in krmiljenje postopka merjenja.The moisture sensor 1 is formed of a module 2 of laser diodes comprising two laser diodes 3, a first photodiode 4, a second photodiode 5, a lockin amplifier 6 of the first photodiode, a lockin amplifier 7 of the second photodiode, a power regulator 8 laser diodes, optical links 11, which optically connects the laser diode 3 to the object 14 to be measured, where the first light fiber-shaped branch 15 branches off from the main light guide 12, which leads the light from the laser diode 3 to the first photodiode 4, the second fiber-shaped branch 16 however, it is connected to the main light guide 12 and leads from the object 14 the reflected light to the second photodiode 5, the data acquisition module 9 and the data processing device 10, displaying the measurement results and controlling the measurement process.
Omenjeno optično povezavo 11 sestavljajo glavni svetlobni vodnik 12 in dva odcepa v obliki svetlobnih vlaken. Glavni svetlobni vodnik 12, ki obsega svetlobna vlakna 13, optično povezuje vir svetlobe 2, 3 in predmet 14, katerega vlago želimo izmeriti. Eno vlakno glavnega svetlobnega vodnika 12, prvi odcep 15, se odcepi od glavnega svetlobnega vodnika 12 tako, da optično povezuje vir svetlobe 2, 3 in zaznavalo svetlobe 4, 5 oz. prenaša svetlobo, ki jo seva vir svetlobe 2, 3. Drugi odcep 16 v obliki svetlobnega vlakna se priključi glavnemu svetlobnemu vodniku 12 na način, da optično povezuje zaznavalo svetlobe 4, 5 in predmet 14. To svetlobno vlakno prenaša svetlobo, ki se odbije od predmeta 14. Vsako od odcepljenih svetlobnih vlaken vodi svetlobo do zaznavala svetlobe 4, 5, in sicer prvi odcep 15 do prvega zaznavala 4 svetlobe ter drugi odcep do drugega zaznavala 5 svetlobe. Vir 2, 3 svetlobe sta v tem primeru laserski diodi, zaznavalo 4, 5 svetlobe pa fotodiodi.Said optical connection 11 consists of a main light guide 12 and two light fiber-shaped branches. The main light guide 12, comprising light fibers 13, optically links the light source 2, 3 and the object 14 whose moisture is to be measured. One fiber of the main light guide 12, the first turn 15, is detached from the main light guide 12 by optically linking the light source 2, 3 and the light detector 4, 5 and 5 respectively. transmits light emitted by the light source 2, 3. The second light fiber-shaped branch 16 is connected to the main light guide 12 in such a way that it optically connects the light sensor 4, 5 and the object 14. This light fiber transmits light reflected from 14. Each of the spun light fibers leads the light to a light detector 4, 5, namely a first turn 15 to a first light detector 4 and a second turn to a second light detector 5. In this case, the light source 2, 3 are laser diodes and the light detector 4, 5 are photodiodes.
Senzor se lahko prilagodi tako, da je primeren za merjenje vlage na površini predmetov, ki niso prednostno iz polimernega materiala, lahko pa se prilagodi tudi za merjenje drugih snovi, prednostno tekočin, na površini predmetov.The sensor can be adapted to measure moisture on the surface of objects that are not preferably of polymeric material, or it can be adapted to measure other substances, preferably liquids, on the surface of objects.
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| SI201400403A SI24888A (en) | 2014-10-30 | 2014-10-30 | A sensor for measuring moisture on uneven surface |
| PCT/IB2015/058338 WO2016067228A1 (en) | 2014-10-30 | 2015-10-29 | Sensor for measuring surface moisture on an uneven surface |
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