SI24784A - Method for the preparation of self-cleaning washable persistent cotton textiles - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject of the invention is a process for the preparation of self-cleaning detergents and air permeable superhydrophobic and oleophobic cotton textiles, with a coating applied to the cotton textile surface having a slope angle of less than 10 degrees and even after 10 washings. The coats are prepared with various siloxane particles that are prepared in advance or grow in the presence of cotton textiles. With in-situ preparation of siloxane particles, different roughness of the surface can be formed and a good connection of the treated siloxane particles with textiles, which is further consolidated using fluorinated alkoxy silane. The combination of the proposed solutions enables improved washing properties of coatings.

Description

PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF SELF-CLEANING WASH-RESISTANT COTTON TEXTILES

The subject of the invention

The subject of the invention is a process for the preparation of self-cleaning washable and air-permeable superhydrophobic and oleophobic cotton textiles, whereby a coating having a water slip angle of less than 10 ° is applied to the surface of cotton textiles even after 10 washes.

Technical problem and state of the art

As natural cellulose fibers, cotton fibers are the most widely used raw material for the production of various textile products. Their attractiveness is directly related to the chemical structure and morphological properties of cellulose fibers, which, due to their pleasant touch and hydrophilic character, provide the products with comfort, respiratory activity and aesthetic appearance. Fibers are biodegradable, which from the point of view of ecology and sustainable development represents their great advantage over synthetic fibers.

Cotton fibers are also gaining ground in the production of high-tech special textile materials, where, due to their advantages, they successfully displace ecologically less acceptable synthetic fibers. Such high-tech materials also include biomimetic self-cleaning textile materials, which must at the same time provide high reflectivity for various polar and non-polar liquids, air permeability and water vapor. These requirements can only be achieved by careful chemical modification of the cellulose fibers.

The use of textiles that are pleasant for the skin and at the same time offer the user well-being and protection from the effects of the environment is very common in everyday life. On the one hand, these are textiles for sports and leisure (obstacle course, cross country, downhill, motocross, mountinbike) and on the other hand, protective textiles used in production processes where water is present, butcher, plumber, hairdresser, bricklayer, precision mechanic ). It is characteristic of all users that they are physically very active, sweat and get dirty during use. For the mentioned clothes, it is recommended that they tolerate body vapors well, so that users are not completely soaked in sweat after a whole day of use.

Superhydrophobicity and oleophobicity is one of the basic properties of solid surfaces and depends on the chemical composition and surface roughness of the substrate. The chemical composition determines the free surface energy and consequent wettability. Suitable micro- to nanostructured surface roughness further reduces this wettability or even increases it if micro-roughness is unsuitable.

EP 2 589 578 A1 discloses that catechol derivatives can be used to reduce surface wettability, which in addition to low free surface energy (fluorinated derivatives) in some cases form into vesicles (70 nm) or hollow core capsules of size 200- 1000 nm, which increase microstructuring. The combination of properties allows the preparation of water-repellent properties for surfaces such as carbon nanotubes, iron oxide nanoparticles or mesoporous silica.

In U.S. Patent Application No. 20020192385A1, Jenkner et al. described a method for applying water and oil-repellent fluorinated coatings to polymer substrates by pre-treatment with one of the physical methods (plasma, corona discharge, electromagnetic radiation). In the next step, fluorinated silanes are applied to the activated surface by sharing binding promoters (metal oxides).

U.S. Pat. No. 7,732,497 B2 discloses the use of prefabricated surface-treated particles for preparing a reflective layer for liquids. At least two particle sizes are used in the preparation of the reflective layer for liquids, at least one of which is surface-functionalized with alkyl chains in advance.

U.S. Pat. No. 7,985,475 B2 discloses that superhydrophobic coatings can be achieved by preparing precisely defined silicon nanofibers on a surface coated with exogenous hydrophobic, liquidphobic or amphiphilic material. Also in this case, fluorinated molecules are used to achieve the mentioned properties.

U.S. Pat. No. 8,541,056 B2 discloses the preparation of a water-repellent textile using mechanical abrasion. Colloidal dispersions of various metal oxides (commercial preparations) are applied to mechanically abraded substrates, which are crosslinked using isocyanate compounds, which most often end up forming polyurethane bonds.

The preparation of water-repellent textiles is also possible by incorporating SiO ₂ particles and using formaldehyde-free binders, as disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No. 20110287245. Alkaline metal salts with phosphorus were used as a polymerization catalyst, which enabled a chemical bond between the binder and the cellulose fibers. The method for preparing water-repellent coatings also involves the use of SiO ₂ particles prepared from dimethyldichloro silanes and coated with polycarboxylic acids.

U.S. 20110250422A1 patent application discloses the use of a porous matrix constructed of fluorosilanes for the preparation of water and oil-repellent coatings. The main importance is given to the size of the pores and the distribution of pores by volume, which is expressed in the appropriate surface roughness in combination with the low free surface energy provided by the building blocks of the porous structure. Coatings can also be used to reduce adhesion, giving surfaces a self-cleaning effect.

Bae et al. (Colloid Interface Sci., 337 (2009) 170-175) prepared water-repellent layers on textiles, mainly due to good properties such as: softness, comfort, biodegradability, low cost, and usability for sportswear. He used a combination of SiO ₂ particle coating and the use of an inexpensive water repellent to prepare the said textile. With this method he achieved static contact angles for water above 140 °. Oil-repellent properties were not given by measuring static contact angles for alkanes of different lengths.

The preparation of cotton textiles with high static contact angles for water (up to 150 °) and high static contact angles for n-hexadecane (up to 120 °) is possible using a finish prepared from alkoxy functionalized PDMS in combination with perfluorinated alkoxy silane. Due to the low free energy surfaces, these coatings prevent the adhesion of bacteria to the surface, which enables passive antimicrobial coatings on cotton textiles (A. Vilčnik et al. Langmuir, 25 (2009) 5869-5880).

Ma et al. (J. Colloid Interface Sci., 392 (2013) 194-200) reports a one-step emulsion approach for the preparation of monodisperse polysiloxane spherical particles with different organic groups on the surface. In addition to water-repellent properties, it also analyzes the influence of organic groups on the properties of coatings such as thermal resistance. The purpose of preparing particles on the surface of cotton is to mimic the structure of a lotus.

The mechanism of formation of amorphous SiO ₂ particles has already been reported by Stober et al. (J. Colloid Interface Sci., 26 (1968) 62-69), who proposed a series of chemical reactions that resulted in the controlled growth of round particles of uniform size.

Despite the fact that we provide high contact angles for water and oils on cotton textiles, it is necessary to wash cotton textiles for hygienic reasons. However, we do not want to lose its superhydrophobic, oleophobic and self-cleaning properties, which prevent the retention of various dispersions on the surface of cotton textiles. Washing-resistant cotton textiles prepared using spherical particles are not mentioned by any of the cars known to us, nor does it use the particle application institute to prepare the proposed textiles.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of washable, air-permeable superhydrophobic, oleophobic and self-cleaning coatings from various organically modified silanes. Using silanes, monodisperse SiO ₂ particles are prepared in the first stage, which are then chemically bonded to the surface of cotton textiles in the next stage and given a low surface energy. Due to the chemical bond between the spherical SiO ₂ particles and the surface of the cotton textile, the appropriate roughness is maintained on the cotton textiles even after four washes according to ISO 105-C06: 1994 (E), which is equivalent to twenty washes in a household washing machine. This chemical bond is further strengthened by the porous structure of the hardened perfluoro modified silane. The process enables the preparation of finishes on basic cotton textiles, as well as on products that require persistent superhydrophobicity and oleophobicity in combination with high respiratory activity, which provides permeability to air and water vapor (body vapors).

Summary of the invention

According to the invention, the process for the preparation of washable textiles is carried out using a wet process without the use of formaldehyde compounds, which would release toxic formaldehyde during the preparation. The process enables the chemical bonding of spherical SiO ₂ particles to the surface of cotton textiles, hereinafter referred to as textiles, which provide a suitable surface roughness to the surface of the textile with the following properties:

Superhydrophobicity, measured by the method of measuring static contact angles of water (a drop of water with a volume of 5 pL) on a textile, which gives contact angles between 160 and 170 ° on the finished textile surface and remains so after repeated successive washing.

- Superoleophobicity, measured by the method of measuring the static contact angles of n-hexadecane (a drop of n-hexadecane with a volume of 1 pL) on textiles, giving contact angles for nhexadecane between 130 and 150 °. This size class of contact angles is maintained even after repeated washing.

- Self-cleaning, the inclination angles of water slip from the textile surface, which indicates the self-cleaning properties of the textile surface, are between 2 and 10 ° with respect to the horizontal surface and are maintained below 10 ° after ten household washes.

- Air permeability determined according to SIST EN ISO 9237: 1999, which after four washes according to ISO 105-C06: 1994 (E), which is equivalent to twenty washes in a household washing machine, still shows high permeability of flat textiles.

- Washable, the textile retains a rough surface even after washing according to ISO 105-C06: 1994 (E).

- Thermal durability, the coating is durable even after prolonged exposure to 120 ° C.

These washable properties can only be achieved by using the proposed process, in which in the first step the textile is finished with pre-prepared siloxane particles, ie spherical SiO ₂ particles, in the second step spherical SiO ₂ particles grow on the surface of the textile, crosslink and allow chemical formation. bonds between amorphous SiO ₂ particles and cotton textile fibers. This chemical bond is further strengthened in the third step, by applying water- and oil-repellent water-based precursors.

Description of the solution to the problem

According to the present invention, it is possible to prepare washable and breathable active textiles with superhydrophobic, highly oleophbic and self-cleaning properties, which have additional passive antibacterial protection and can be used for clothing in the cases described above. The superhydrophobic and oleophobic surface is prepared on the basis of a suitable double nano- and microstructured roughness of the textile. Double roughness is achieved by applying prefabricated spherical SiO ₂ particles to the textile surface in the first step and by in-situ formation of spherical SiO ₂ particles on the textile surface in the second step. Spherical SiO ₂ particles after finishing provide an increase in the surface roughness of cotton fibers, but without the use of the second step there is no chemical bond between the spherical SiO ₂ particles and the textile surface. Unbound spherical SiO ₂ particles are removed from the textile surface during the first wash. This weakness is reversed in the second step, in which the entire surface, that is, spherical SiO ₂ particles and fibers in the solution tetraetoksi ortosilana (TEOS), a base, water and alcohol to allow the in-situ formation of spherical SiO ₂ particles with a size between 50 and 200 nm and at the same time the formation of a thin porous coating, which enables the chemical bonding of spherical SiO ₂ particles applied in the first step to the surface of cotton textiles. The spherical SiO ₂ particles used in the first step are treated directly from the solution in which the particles were prepared to avoid the particle agglomeration problem that is possible when using dry particles to prepare dispersions. The water-alcohol dispersions of the present invention are characterized by a high content of crosslinked polysilsesquioxanes, i.e. siloxane particles, in the form of beads of the same size forming thin layers, nanometer in size.

The invention is presented in detail below and in the figures showing:

Figure 1: SEM image of cotton fibers without finishing

Figure 2: SEM image of cotton fibers finished with 200 nm SiO ₂ particles

Figure 3: SEM image of cotton fibers, finished according to the implementation procedure CO / AP600 + IS150-FAS, after a single wash according to the standard ISO 105-C06: 1994 (E), which is equivalent to five washes in a household washing machine.

Figure 4: SEM image of cotton fibers, finished according to the implementation procedure CO / AP60 + IS150-FAS, after two washes according to the standard ISO 105-C06: 1994 (E), which is equivalent to ten washes in a household washing machine.

Figure 5: SEM image of cotton fibers, finished according to the implementation process CO / AP60 + IS150-FAS, after three washes according to the standard ISO 105-C06: 1994 (E), which is equivalent to fifteen washes in a household washing machine.

Figure 6: SEM image of cotton fibers, finished according to the implementation procedure CO / AP60 + IS150-FAS, after four washes according to the standard ISO 105-C06: 1994 (E), which is equivalent to twenty washes in a household washing machine.

Figure 7: Static contact angles, za, for water for cotton textiles, functionalized according to different implementation procedures (sample), according to the number of washes (W) according to the standard ISO 105C06: 1994 (E).

Figure 8: Static contact angles, Θ, for n-hexadecane for cotton textiles, functionalized according to different implementation procedures (sample), according to the number of washes (W) according to the standard ISO 105C06: 1994 (E).

Figure 9: Slopes of water slip, a, for cotton textiles, functionalized according to different implementation procedures (pattern) and after different washes.

The process for the preparation of washable and respiratory-active self-cleaning, superhydriophobic and highly oleophobic cotton textiles comprises the following steps:

finishing of cotton flat textiles with pre-prepared siloxane particles, application of siloxane particles by in-situ sol-gel process, achieving bierarchical roughness over the entire surface of the textile and formation of a thin porous coating, which enables chemical bonding of siloxane particles in the first with the surface of cotton textiles, additional hardening of the rough surface of the textile by applying a surface sol-gel coating prepared from hydrophobic and oleophobic silanes.

Finishing cotton textiles with pre-prepared spherical SiO ₂ particles

Aqueous-alcoholic dispersions of SiO ₂ particles, or colloidal dispersions, based on tetraethoxy orthosilane for the preparation of the finish contain pre-prepared spherical SiO ₂ particles of the same size. It is desirable that at least 95% of the particles in the dispersion are of the same size, preferably siloxane particles or SiO ₂ particles with a size between 200 - 1000 nm. The weight ratio of alcohol: TEOS: NH3: water is 46: 2: 1: 5. The preparation of the particles themselves is not the subject of a patent. Dispersed SiO ₂ particles with a concentration of 10% by weight are used in the first step of the process according to the invention, ie for finishing or for applying the first layer on cotton textiles. The ratio between the weight of the aqueous alcoholic dispersion of SiO ₂ particles and the weight of the textile should be 1:15. After applying a dispersion of SiO ₂ particles to the fular, where the excess solvent is extruded from the textile between rollers at a pressure of 0.4 bar, the textile is air-dried at room temperature for 10 min. The advantage of the first application is that the SiO ₂ particles applied in this way are nicely separated from each other, which enables a high surface roughness of the textile. Accurate parameters are very important so that SiO ₂ particles are not lost from the surface. The SiO ₂ particles are preferably prepared from tetraethoxy silane, so there are free -OH bonds on the surface of the SiO ₂ particles, which will allow a chemical bond between the SiO ₂ particles and the cotton fibers of the textile in the next step.

In situ growth of spherical SiO ₂ particles via treated SiO ₂ particles and fabric

It is known that in situ growth of particles by the sol-gel method allows a much higher density of coatings after appropriate heat treatment. In the second step, siloxane particles, i.e. spherical SiO ₂ particles, between 50 200 nm in size, are applied to cotton textiles finished with spherical SiO ₂ particles by an in-situ sol-gel process from a colloidal dispersion. The weight ratio of alcohol: TEOS: NH ₃ : water in this case is 30: 5: 2: 5. A coating with spherical SiO ₂ particles in the structure is applied. This layer grows in-situ on the surface of the textile fibers of the colloidal dispersion textile surrounding the textile. This coating allows the binding of the SiO ₂ particles applied to the textile in the first step to the surface of the textile textile fibers. Due to the reactivity of the substrate, i.e. free -OH bonds on the surface of cotton fibers of textiles, due to reactive spherical SiO ₂ particles on textiles, i.e. free -OH bonds on the surface of spherical SiO ₂ particles from the first step, in the second step a connection between said particles is enabled , at the same time, due to the appropriate concentration of colloidal dispersion during the application process in the second step of the in-situ process, uniform spherical SiO ₂ particles of smaller size, ie 50 - 200 nm in size, are formed. The spherical SiO ₂ particles thus applied give the surface of the textile a double surface roughness, i.e. bierarchical roughness, and at the same time connect the larger S1O2 particles applied in the first step to the textile base. In the second step finish, it is important to apply two to three times more spherical S1O2 particles in the second step via the spherical S1O2 particles from the first step to completely cover the textile surface. The weight ratio between the pre-prepared siloxane particles in the first step and the in-situ prepared siloxane particles in the second step is between 1: 2 and 1: 3.

Reinforcement of rough textile surface with silane

In the third step, the already hardened biomimetic surface of the textile is coated with a thin layer of hydrophobic and oleophobic silanes, preferably hydrolyzed fluorosilane (FAS) or bis [(ureapropyl) triethoxysilane] bis (propyl) -termined-polydimethylsiloxane. or a mixture of FAS and PDMSU. A 10% aqueous / alcoholic silane solution is used for application. This layer enables additional hardening of the biomimetic surface of the treated textile in the first two steps and gives the surface superhydrophobicity, high oleophobicity and self-cleaning. The thickness of the thin layer thus applied must not exceed 150 nm. Surface hardening is enabled through free -OH bonds on the surface of the porous coating applied in the second step and -OH groups of hydrolyzed silane. Thermal hardening of the coating is reflected in the increased density and washability of the finishes.

The hydrophobic and oleophobic silanes used to strengthen the rough surface are selected from perfluoroalkyl-trialkoxysilanes, perfluoroalkyl-alkyldialkoxysilanes, perfluoroalkyldialkylalkoxysilanes, perfluoroalkyl-trihalosilanes, perfluoroalkylalkyl-alkyl-alkyl

The application of individual layers with a certain particle size depends on the preparation of colloidal dispersions, but is preferably within the conditions listed below. Various alcohols can be used in the preparation of colloidal dispersions, such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol. These affect the growth and size of the particles. Other organically modified silanes can be used for the preparation of SiO ₂ particles in the first and second steps of the process according to the invention, such as e.g. methyltriethoxy silane, vinyltriethoxy silane, aminopropyltrietoxy silane. The uniform size of the S1O2 particles allows an equivalent roughness over the entire surface of the textile.

The application of individual layers can be done by the exhausting process, by dipping or by spraying.

Cotton fibers already have their own roughness (Figure 1), but due to their chemical composition (cellulose) they are extremely hydrophilic. The surface roughness is improved according to the proposed procedure as shown in Figure 2. The washing durability of the surface prepared in this way is maintained by in-situ growth of second layer particles and additional hardening with fluorosilane. ), which is equivalent to five washes in a household washing machine (Figure 3), as well as after more than twenty washes with a household washing machine (Figures 4 to 6).

Textiles treated in this way still show hydrophobic and oleophobic properties after twenty washes with a static contact angle for n-hexadecane greater than 130 °. The preservation of superhydrophobicity and oleophobicity is shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, which show the static contact angles for water and n-hexadecane as a function of washing (1W = 5x washing in a household washing machine) for various embodiments of the invention according to ISO 105-C06: 1994 (E). Self-cleaning properties are also evident from the extremely low slope angles of water slip (Figure 9). Low sliding angles allow water droplets to roll off the surface of the textile, removing dirt from the surface.

Implementation examples:

The reaction conditions for the preparation of SiO ₂ particles from tetraethoxy orthosilane in alcohol are:

- reaction temperature, RT = 60 ° C

- concentration (TEOS) = 0.2 - 1.1 mol / L

- concentration (NH ₃ ) = 0.3 - 1.1 mol / L

- concentration (H ₂ O) = 6-10 mol / L

- reaction time t = 1-3 h

CO / AP200-FAS

130 g of ethanol and 8 g of TEOS were weighed into the bottle and the solution was mixed well and allowed to stand for 10 minutes at room temperature. A solution of ammonia (4 g) in water (20 g) was then added to the solution, mixed again and left at RT for 3 h. The cotton cloth was prepared with the solution thus prepared. The fabric was then squeezed on a fular with a squeezing effect of 85% and air-dried. This was followed by the application of a 10% solution of FAS by the impregnation process with full soaking, squeezing with 85% squeezing effect, drying at 100 ° C and condensation for 5 min at 150 ° C.

CO / AP200 + IS150-FAS

130 g of ethanol and 8 g of TEOS were weighed into the bottle and the solution was mixed well. Let stand 10 minutes at room temperature. A solution of ammonia (4 g) in water (20 g) was then added to the solution, mixed again and left for 3 h at room temperature. The cotton cloth was prepared with the solution thus prepared. The fabric was then dried on a fular to 85% and air-dried. The fabric thus prepared was dipped in a solution of 120 g of propanol and 20 g of TEOS, mixed well. Allow to stand for 10 min at 50 ° C and then add a solution of ammonia (7 g) in water (20 g) to the solution, mix again and leave for 1 h at T = 50 ° C. We then took the fabric from the solution, dipped it into a beaker of clean water and washed well (3X). This was followed by drying the fabric at room temperature. This was followed by application of a 10% solution of FAS by the impregnation process with full soaking, squeezing with 85% squeezing effect, drying at 100 ° C and condensation for 5 min at 150 ° C.

CO / AP60 + IS150-FAS

130 g of ethanol and 15 g of TEOS were weighed into the bottle and the solution was mixed well. Allow to stand for 10 min at 40 ° C and then add a solution of ammonia (4 g) in water (20 g) to the solution, mix again and leave for 1 h at T = 40 ° C. The cotton cloth was prepared with the solution thus prepared. The fabric was then dried on a fular to 85% and air-dried. The fabric thus prepared was dipped in a solution of 120 g of propanol and 20 g of TEOS, mixed well. Allow to stand for 10 min at 50 ° C, then add a solution of ammonia (7 g) in water (20 g) to the solution, mix again and leave for 1 h at T = 50 ° C. We then took the fabric from the solution, dipped it into a beaker of clean water and washed well (3X). This was followed by drying the fabric at room temperature. This was followed by application of a 10% solution of FAS by the impregnation process with full soaking, squeezing with 85% squeezing effect, drying at 100 ° C and condensation for 5 min at 150 ° C.

CO / AP600 + IS150-FAS

120 g of propanol and 20 g of TEOS were weighed into the bottle and the solution was mixed well. Allow to stand for 10 min at 50 ° C, then add a solution of ammonia (7 g) in water (20 g) to the solution, mix again and leave for 1 h at T = 50 ° C. The cotton cloth was prepared with the solution thus prepared. The fabric was then dried on a fulai up to 85% and air-dried. The fabric thus prepared was dipped in a solution of 120 g of propanol and 20 g of TEOS, mixed well. Allow to stand for 10 min at 50 ° C and then add a solution of ammonia (7 g) in water (20 g) to the solution, mix again and leave for 1 h at T = 50 ° C. We then took the fabric from the solution, dipped it into a beaker of clean water and washed well (3X). This was followed by drying the fabric at room temperature. This was followed by application of a 10% solution of FAS by the impregnation process with full soaking, squeezing with 85% squeezing effect, drying at 100 ° C and condensation for 5 min at 150 ° C.

CO / AP600 + IS150-PDMSU-FAS

120 g of propanol and 20 g of TEOS were weighed into the bottle and the solution was mixed well. Allow to stand for 10 min at 50 ° C, then add a solution of ammonia (7 g) in water (20 g) to the solution, mix again and leave for 1 h at T = 50 ° C. The cotton cloth was prepared with the solution thus prepared. The fabric was then dried on a fular to 85% and air-dried. The fabric thus prepared was dipped in a solution of 120 g of propanol and 20 g of TEOS, mixed well. It was allowed to stand for 10 min at 50 ° C and then a solution of ammonia (7 g) in water (20 g) was added to the solution, mixed again and left for 1 h at T = 50 ° C. We then took the fabric from the solution, dipped it into a beaker of clean water and washed well (3X). This was followed by drying the fabric at room temperature. This was followed by application of a 10% solution of PDMSU-FAS after the impregnation process with full soaking, squeezing with 85% squeezing effect, drying at 100 ° C and condensation for 5 min at 150 ° C.

Claims (10)

Patent claims A process for the preparation of self-cleaning washable and respiratory-active self-cleaning, superhydriophobic and highly oleophobic cotton textiles, comprising: finishing cotton fabric with pre-prepared siloxane particles in the first step - application of siloxane particles by in-situ sol-gel process in the second step, achieving bierarchical roughness and the formation of a thin porous coating over the entire surface of the textile, which enables chemical bonding of the siloxane particles applied in the first step to the cotton textile surface, additional hardening of the rough surface by applying a thin surface sol-gel coating prepared from hydrophobic and oleophobic silanes in the third step Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the finishing of the cotton fabric is carried out in a first step using aqueous alcoholic dispersions of siloxane particles with a size between 200-1000 nm, at least 95% of the siloxane particles in the dispersion being the same size and concentration dispersed siloxane particles 10% by weight and the ratio of siloxane particle dispersion mass to textile mass is 1:15. Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the application of the siloxane particles by the in-situ sol-gel process in the second step is carried out using dispersions of siloxane particles of 50-200 nm, the layer of siloxane particles growing in-situ on the surface. of textile fibers textiles from a colloidal dispersion that surrounds the textile o and forms a coating with siloxane particles in the structure. Process according to Claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the chemical bonding of the siloxane particles applied in the first step to the surface of the cotton textile is enabled due to the reactivity of the free -OH bonds of the siloxane particles and the textile. Process according to Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that organically modified silanes, such as, for example, are used for the preparation of siloxane particles in the first and second steps of the process. tetraethoxy orthosilane, methyltriethoxy silane, vinyltriethoxy silane, aminopropyltrietoxy silane, preferably tetraethoxy orthosilane. Process according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the weight ratio between the pre-prepared siloxane particles in the first step and the in-situ prepared siloxane particles in the second step is between 1: 2 and 1: 3. 7. A process according to claims 1-6, characterized in that for the hardening of a roughened surface of the used hydrophobic and oleophobic silanes selected from perfluoroalkiltrialkoksisilanov, perfluoroalkyl-alkyldialkoksisilanov, perfluoroalkildialkylalkoksisilanov, perfluoroalkyl-trihalosilanov, perfluoroalkyl-alkyldihalosilanov, perfluoroalkyl-dialkilhalosisilanov, trialkoksisililalkil terminated polidimetilsiloxanov . Process according to Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the thickness of the applied thin layer of hydrophobic and oleophobic silanes must not exceed 150 nm. Process according to Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that an exhausting, dipping or spraying process can be used to apply the individual layers to the surface of the cotton textile. Cotton textiles obtained by the process according to Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that after twenty washes they show hydrophobic and oleophobic properties with a static contact angle for n-hexadecane of more than 130 °.