CN110172835A - Water-proof breathable fabric and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a waterproof and breathable fabric, which comprises a fabric body and a waterproof and breathable nano film layer arranged on the fabric body. The present invention also provides a preparation method of a waterproof and breathable fabric, comprising: preparing a colloidal spraying liquid: adding nano particle materials into an organic solvent, sealing, heating and stirring, and then lowering to room temperature to obtain a colloidal spraying liquid; nano-spraying: adding the colloidal Add the spraying liquid into the spraying machine and spray it on the fabric body at a constant speed from top to bottom; and heat treatment: put the sprayed fabric body in a heating device and bake until the colloidal spray liquid is completely dried, so as to form a waterproof on the fabric body Breathable nano film layer. The waterproof and air-permeable fabric of the invention has good waterproof and air-permeable functions, its limiting oxygen index is high, and it has excellent abrasion resistance and water washing resistance. The method of the invention is simple to operate and has low requirements on equipment and environment control.

Description

Waterproof breathable fabric and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of fabrics, in particular, the invention relates to a waterproof and breathable fabric and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Polyester fibers, protein fibers, etc. are widely used in textile fabrics due to their soft texture, protection and warmth, such as curtains, wall coverings, outdoor sportswear, etc. In order to improve the application value of this kind of fabric, researchers have carried out research on the waterproof and breathable properties of this kind of material, and found many problems such as not being washable, harmful to the environment and human body during the research process, which seriously restricted this kind of material. application of class materials. Therefore, there is a lack of a waterproof and breathable treatment method that does not affect fabric technology and comfort in use in the prior art.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a waterproof and breathable fabric and its preparation method to solve the problems in the prior art such as not being washable and harmful to the environment and human body.

In one aspect, the present invention provides a waterproof and breathable fabric, comprising: a fabric body and a waterproof and breathable nano film layer arranged on the fabric body.

On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of waterproof breathable fabric, comprising:

Preparation of colloidal spraying liquid: adding the nanoparticle material into the organic solvent, sealing, heating and stirring, and then cooling down to room temperature to obtain the colloidal spraying liquid;

Nano-spraying: Add the colloidal spraying liquid into the spraying machine, and spray it on the fabric body at a constant speed from top to bottom;

Heat treatment: Put the sprayed fabric body in a heating device and bake until the colloid spray liquid is completely dried, thereby forming a waterproof and breathable nano film layer on the fabric body.

The technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The preparation method of the present invention adopts the colloidal spraying liquid prepared by the sol-gel method, does not use a large amount of organic solvents in the preparation process, the chemical raw materials are halogen-free, low-toxic, and environmentally friendly, and the reaction temperature is low in the preparation process. Simple, low requirements for equipment and environmental control.

(2) The limiting oxygen index of the waterproof and breathable fabric of the present invention is relatively high, which can simultaneously give the fabric good hydrophobic and breathable functions, and has excellent wear resistance and washability, and improves the adhesion of sol-gel method nanoparticles Not good, not washable defect.

(3) The waterproof and breathable fabric of the present invention and the preparation method thereof do not have the release problem of free formaldehyde, have no biological toxicity, and have no toxic gas release.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a waterproof and breathable fabric according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the waterproof and breathable fabric of the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail through the following specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Waterproof and breathable fabric

In view of the unsatisfactory performance of the current waterproof and breathable materials, there are many problems such as not being washable, and being harmful to the environment and the human body, the present invention provides a waterproof and breathable fabric. Make a detailed introduction.

Embodiment one

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a waterproof and breathable fabric according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the waterproof and breathable fabric includes: a fabric body 11 and a waterproof and breathable nano-film layer 12 , wherein the waterproof and breathable nano-film layer 12 is arranged on the fabric body 11 .

In this embodiment, the fabric body 11 is a fabric in the prior art, such as: cotton fabric, linen fabric, silk fabric, woolen fabric, leather fabric, chemical fiber fabric, blended fabric, modal cotton fabric and other fabrics, those skilled in the art It can be selected according to actual needs, and is not limited here.

In this embodiment, the waterproof and breathable nano film layer 12 is sprayed on the fabric body with nano particle material. The particle size of the nanoparticle material used in the waterproof and breathable nano film layer 12 is 50nm to 500nm, preferably 300nm.

In this embodiment, the nanoparticle material can be a polymer material known in the prior art, such as: PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane), PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) and PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) etc. Those skilled in the art can select the type of nanoparticle material according to actual needs, which is not limited here. Preferably, the nanoparticle material is PDMS.

Embodiment two

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the waterproof and breathable fabric of the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 2, the waterproof and breathable fabric includes: a fabric body 21, a waterproof and breathable nano-film layer 22 and a protective layer 23, wherein the waterproof and breathable nano-film layer 22 is arranged on the fabric body 21, and the protective layer 23 is arranged on a waterproof and breathable nano-film layer. On the film layer 22.

In this embodiment, the fabric body 21 is a fabric in the prior art, such as: cotton fabric, linen fabric, silk fabric, woolen fabric, leather fabric, chemical fiber fabric, blended fabric, modal cotton fabric and other fabrics, those skilled in the art It can be selected according to actual needs, and is not limited here.

In this embodiment, the waterproof and breathable nano film layer 22 is sprayed on the fabric body with nano particle material. The particle size of the nanoparticle material used in the waterproof and breathable nano film layer 22 is 50nm to 500nm, preferably 300nm.

In this embodiment, the nanoparticle material can be a polymer material known in the prior art, such as: PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane), PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) and PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) etc. Those skilled in the art can select the type of nanoparticle material according to actual needs, which is not limited here. Preferably, the nanoparticle material is PDMS.

In this embodiment, the material of the protective layer 23 is a protective material in the prior art, such as ceramic powder, which can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs, and is not limited here. The protective layer 23 in this embodiment can avoid the wear and tear caused by the contact and friction between the waterproof and breathable nano-film layer 22 and the outside world, prolonging the service life of the waterproof and breathable fabric in this embodiment.

The waterproof and breathable fabric of the present invention is not only applied to clothing products, but also can be applied to: 1) outdoor products such as umbrellas, tents, sleeping bags; 2) underwear, socks, sports shoes, insoles, etc.; 3) waterproof and heat dissipation requirements Transportation fields such as electronic products and car lights; 4) aquaculture such as vegetable greenhouses; 5) construction such as sloping roofs; 6) sensor products that are easily affected by internal and external pressure differences and temperature differences; 7) are easily affected by temperature differences and moisture solar interior electronic components.

Preparation method of waterproof breathable fabric

The present invention also provides the preparation method of the waterproof breathable fabric in the first embodiment and the second embodiment. In order to facilitate those skilled in the art to clearly understand the preparation method of the waterproof breathable fabric in the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the present invention, the following The preparation methods of the waterproof and breathable fabrics in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present invention are described in detail through Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 4 respectively.

Embodiment three

As shown in Figure 3, the preparation method of the waterproof breathable fabric in the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

Step S101, preparing a colloidal spraying liquid: adding the nanoparticle material into an organic solvent, sealing, heating and stirring, and then cooling down to room temperature to obtain a colloidal spraying liquid;

Step S102, nano-spraying: add the colloidal spraying liquid into the spraying machine, and spray it on the fabric body at a constant speed from top to bottom;

Step S103, heat treatment: the sprayed fabric body is placed in a heating device, and baked until the colloid spray liquid is completely dried, thereby forming a waterproof and breathable nano film layer on the fabric body.

Further, step S101 specifically includes the following steps:

Step S1011: cleaning the container. Conventional methods can be used to clean the container, for example: place the container in an ultrasonic cleaner, set the power to 60W, and the temperature to 40°C to 60°C, and pass through deionized water (purity: high purity) and alcohol (purity: Analytical pure), acetone (purity: analytical pure), isopropanol (purity: analytical pure), alcohol (purity: analytical pure), deionized water (purity: high purity) six processes to clean the container, after cleaning the container mouth Seal it with aluminum foil, place it in a vacuum drying oven, set the temperature at 80°C to 110°C, dry it in vacuum for 1 hour, and cool it down to room temperature.

Step S1012: adding the nanoparticle material into the organic solvent according to the mass ratio of the nanoparticle material being 8% to 15%, sealing, heating and stirring. In this step, the nanoparticle material can be PDMS, PVDF or PTFE, and is preferably PDMS; the organic solvent can be n-hexane; the mass ratio of the nanoparticle material is preferably 10%. Optionally, after the nanoparticle material is added into the organic solvent, it is uniformly stirred at a temperature of 50° C. to 60° C. at a speed of 100 rpm to 150 rpm for 20 minutes to 40 minutes.

Step S1013: stop heating, and continue to stir until the temperature of the solution drops to room temperature, thereby obtaining a colloidal spraying liquid.

In step S101, the sol-gel method is mainly used. The Sol-Gel Method is a new type of wet chemical method in the low-temperature and low-cost chemical methods for preparing nanomaterials. It can use organic or inorganic precursors under specific temperature, humidity, and thermodynamic conditions. , After the hydrolysis and condensation process of precursor molecules, a stable sol is formed, and then through a specific heat treatment technology, the resulting sol forms a nano-oxide film, which is evenly attached to the surface of the fabric. In the present invention, the sol-gel method is applied to the surface modification of fabrics, realizing low-cost and high-efficiency preparation of uniform nano-scale materials.

Further, step S102 specifically includes the following steps:

Step S1021: smoothing the surface of the fabric body. The surface smoothing treatment may be to carry out sizing treatment to the fabric body, so that the subsequent spraying is easy to carry out.

Step S1022: Add the uniformly dispersed colloidal spraying liquid into the cavity of the spraying machine, and set the spraying temperature at 70°C to 100°C, preferably 80°C.

Step S1023: form a fixed angle and a fixed distance between the fabric body and the nozzle of the spraying machine (for example, make the nozzle of the spraying machine vertical to the fabric body), if the surface of the fabric body is uneven, adjust the angle between the nozzle and the fabric body or Spray the colloid spray liquid on the surface of the fabric body at a uniform speed from top to bottom.

In step S102, nano-spraying technology is mainly used. Nano Spray Method is the industrial production application of nanomaterials. In this nano-spraying technology, the colloidal spraying liquid is atomized into nano-scale droplets through specific thermodynamic treatment. To control the technical parameters, the prepared colloidal spraying liquid is evenly sprayed on the surface of the fabric, and the oxide molecules are assembled according to a certain polar direction under the coupling action of Van der Waals force and Coulomb force. A layer of extremely thin and dense nano-scale molecular layer is formed on the surface.

Further, step S103 specifically includes the following steps:

Step S1031: Place the sprayed fabric body in the heating device, keep an appropriate distance (for example, about 15 cm) between the fabric and the inner wall of the heating device, and keep an appropriate distance (for example, about 15 cm) between adjacent fabrics. If the fabric is hung vertically in multiple layers, place dividers between adjacent layers of fabric.

Step S1032: Set the baking temperature of the heating device to 130° C. to 160° C., and set the temperature rising rate to 5° C./minute to 20° C./minute.

Step S1033: Bake the fabric in the heating device for 30 minutes to 2 hours, so that the colloid spray liquid sprayed on the fabric body is completely dried.

In step S103, heat treatment technology is mainly used. Thermal Treatment technology (Thermal Treatment) is that after the colloidal spraying liquid is sprayed on the surface of the fabric body, under the action of electrostatic force, the colloidal spraying liquid is evenly adsorbed on the surface of the fabric to form a uniform nano-film. The film is solidified on the surface of the fabric, and the nanoparticles are arranged in an orderly manner. The evaporation of the precursor reaction solution and the solvent makes the unsaturated dangling bonds on the surface of the nanoparticles electronically bonded to the end groups on the surface of the fabric, and the nanoparticles are firmly attached to the surface of the fabric, thereby achieving the effect of wear resistance, water resistance, and cleaning agent washing resistance .

Embodiment four

In addition to the steps mentioned in Example 3, the preparation method of the waterproof and breathable fabric in this example also includes the step of spraying, coating or sticking a protective layer on the waterproof and breathable nano film layer. Specifically, the preparation method of the waterproof breathable fabric in this embodiment includes the following steps:

Step S201, preparing a colloidal spraying liquid: adding the nanoparticle material into an organic solvent, sealing, heating and stirring, and then cooling down to room temperature to obtain a colloidal spraying liquid;

Step S202, nano-spraying: adding the colloidal spraying liquid into the spraying machine, and spraying it on the fabric body at a constant speed from top to bottom;

Step S203, heat treatment: the sprayed fabric body is placed in a heating device, and baked until the colloid spray liquid is completely dried, thereby forming a waterproof and breathable nano film layer on the fabric body.

Step S204, setting a protective layer: spraying, coating or pasting the protective layer on the waterproof and breathable nano film layer.

In the preparation method of this embodiment, the steps of preparing the colloidal spraying liquid, the step of nano-spraying and the step of heat treatment utilize the same technology and similar process as those in the corresponding steps of Embodiment 3, and will not be repeated here.

In step S204, spraying, coating, and sticking are all conventional processes. Spraying is, for example, electrostatic spraying, coating is, for example, spin coating, and pasting is, for example, laminating glue. Those skilled in the art can choose according to actual needs. There is no limit.

example

The implementation of the method of the present invention is described below through specific examples, and those skilled in the art should understand that this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Example 1

The waterproof and breathable fabric in this example is composed of a fabric body and a waterproof and breathable nano film layer, wherein the waterproof and breathable nano film layer is arranged on the fabric body.

The waterproof and breathable fabric in this example is prepared as follows:

(1) Preparation of colloid spray liquid

a. Place the used container in an ultrasonic cleaning machine, set the power to 60W, and the temperature to 40°C, and pass through deionized water (purity: high purity), alcohol (purity: analytical pure), acetone (purity: analytical pure), and Isopropanol (purity: analytically pure), alcohol (purity: analytically pure), deionized water (purity: high-purity) six processes to clean the container, after cleaning, seal the container mouth with aluminum foil, and place it in a vacuum drying oven at a temperature of 80 ℃, vacuum drying for 1 hour, and lowered to room temperature;

b. Weigh PDMS (purity: analytically pure, manufacturer: Sigma) and n-hexane (purity: analytically pure, manufacturer: Sigma) respectively according to the concentration of 10% by mass, put n-hexane in a beaker, and add PDMS evenly to n-hexane , put the thermometer in the beaker without touching the beaker wall and bottom, set the temperature at 50°C, place the 15mm magnetic rotor of the constant temperature magnetic stirrer in n-hexane, set the speed at 100rpm, seal the beaker mouth, and stir at constant temperature;

c. Turn off the heating and continue stirring until the temperature of the solution drops to room temperature. A PDMS colloid spray solution with a particle diameter of 300 nm was obtained.

(2) Nano spraying

a. Sizing the fabric body before spraying;

b. Add the uniformly dispersed PDMS colloidal spray liquid into the cavity of the sprayer, and set the spraying temperature to 80°C;

c. Hang the fabric body vertically to make the surface smooth, put the nozzle perpendicular to the surface of the fabric body, and spray the spray liquid on the surface of the fabric body at a constant speed from top to bottom.

(3) heat treatment

a. Hang the sprayed fabric vertically in the oven, so that the parallel distance between the fabric and the inner wall of the oven is greater than 15cm, and the distance between the fabric is greater than 15cm;

b. Close the oven door, set the baking temperature to 150°C, and set the temperature rise rate to 10°C/min;

c. After the spray liquid is dried, take out the fabric, so as to form a waterproof and breathable nano film layer on the fabric body.

Example 2

The waterproof and breathable fabric in this example includes: a fabric body, a waterproof and breathable nano-film layer and a protective layer, wherein the waterproof and breathable nano-film layer is arranged on the fabric body, and the protective layer is arranged on the waterproof and breathable nano-film layer.

The waterproof and breathable fabric in this example is prepared as follows:

(1) Preparation of colloid spray liquid

a. Place the used container in an ultrasonic cleaning machine, set the power to 60W, and the temperature to 60°C, and pass through deionized water (purity: high purity), alcohol (purity: analytical pure), acetone (purity: analytical pure), and Isopropanol (purity: analytically pure), alcohol (purity: analytically pure), deionized water (purity: high-purity) six processes to clean the container, after cleaning, seal the container mouth with aluminum foil, and place it in a vacuum drying oven at a temperature of 110 ℃, vacuum drying for 1 hour, and lowered to room temperature;

b. Weigh PDMS (purity: analytically pure, manufacturer: Sigma) and n-hexane (purity: analytically pure, manufacturer: Sigma) respectively according to the concentration of 10% by mass, put n-hexane in a beaker, and add PDMS evenly to n-hexane , place the thermometer in the beaker without touching the beaker wall and bottom, set the temperature at 60°C, place the 15mm magnetic rotor of the constant temperature magnetic stirrer in n-hexane, set the speed at 150rpm, seal the beaker mouth, and stir at constant temperature;

c. Turn off the heating and continue stirring until the temperature of the solution drops to room temperature. A PDMS colloid spray solution with a particle diameter of 300 nm was obtained.

(2) Nano spraying

a. Sizing the fabric body before spraying;

b. Add the uniformly dispersed PDMS colloidal spray liquid into the cavity of the sprayer, and set the spraying temperature to 80°C;

c. Hang the fabric body vertically to make the surface smooth, put the nozzle perpendicular to the surface of the fabric body, and spray the spray liquid on the surface of the fabric body at a constant speed from top to bottom.

(3) heat treatment

a. Hang the sprayed fabric vertically in the oven, so that the parallel distance between the fabric and the inner wall of the oven is greater than 15cm, and place partitions between the fabrics;

b. Close the oven door, set the baking temperature to 150°C, and set the temperature rise rate to 10°C/min;

c. After the spray liquid is dried, take out the fabric, so as to form a waterproof and breathable nano film layer on the fabric body.

(4) Set the protective layer

A ceramic powder protective layer is spin-coated on the waterproof and breathable nano film layer.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above enumerations are only specific implementation examples of the present invention, and of course those skilled in the art can make changes and variations to the present invention, provided that these modifications and variations belong to the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies All should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (18)

1. a kind of Water-proof breathable fabric characterized by comprising fabric body and the waterproof and breathable being arranged in fabric body are received Rice film layer.

2. Water-proof breathable fabric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the waterproof and breathable nanometer thin film layer is used and received Nanoparticle material is sprayed in the fabric body.

3. Water-proof breathable fabric according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the partial size of the nanometer particle material is 50nm To 500nm, preferably 300nm.

4. Water-proof breathable fabric according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the nanometer particle material is PDMS, PVDF Or PTFE, preferably PDMS.

5. Water-proof breathable fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the fabric body is cotton In fabric, burlap fabric, silk fabrics, woolen fabric, leather fabric, chemical fiber plus material, blended yarn weaved fabric and Modal cotton face fabric Any one.

6. Water-proof breathable fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the Water-proof breathable fabric is also Including the protective layer being arranged in the waterproof and breathable nanometer thin film layer.

7. Water-proof breathable fabric according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the protective layer spraying, coating or stickup are set It sets in the waterproof and breathable nanometer thin film layer；Preferably, the protective layer is ceramic powder protective layer.

8. a kind of preparation method of Water-proof breathable fabric characterized by comprising

It preparing colloid spray coating liquor: nanometer particle material is added in organic solvent, heated sealed stirring is subsequently reduced to room temperature, Obtain colloid spray coating liquor；

Nano-spray: colloid spray coating liquor is added in flush coater, is at the uniform velocity sprayed in fabric body from top to bottom；

Heat treatment: the fabric body after spraying is placed in heating device, colloid spray coating liquor is baked to and dries completely, thus in face Expect to form waterproof and breathable nanometer thin film layer on ontology.

9. preparation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that in described the step of preparing colloid spray coating liquor, institute Stating nanometer particle material is PDMS, PVDF or PTFE, preferably PDMS；The organic solvent is n-hexane.

10. preparation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that in described the step of preparing colloid spray coating liquor, press It is described organic molten that mass ratio according to nanometer particle material is that the nanometer particle material is added to by 8% to 15% (preferably 10%) In agent.

11. preparation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that, will in described the step of preparing colloid spray coating liquor After the nanometer particle material is added in the organic solvent, 50 DEG C to 60 DEG C at a temperature of with 100rpm to 150rpm Revolving speed uniform stirring 20 minutes to 40 minutes.

12. preparation method according to claim 11, which is characterized in that obtained in described the step of preparing colloid spray coating liquor Partial size is the colloid spray coating liquor of 50nm to 500nm (preferably 300nm).

13. preparation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that before the nano-spray step, first to described Fabric body carries out surface smooth treatment.

14. preparation method according to claim 13, which is characterized in that the surface smooth treatment is starching processing.

15. preparation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that in the nano-spray step, the flush coater Spraying temperature be 70 DEG C to 100 DEG C, preferably 80 DEG C.

16. preparation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that in the nano-spray step, the flush coater Nozzle be vertically arranged with the fabric body.

17. preparation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that in the heat treatment step, make temperature with 5 DEG C/ The speed of minute to 20 DEG C/min rises to 130 DEG C to 160 DEG C；The time of the baking is 30 minutes to 2 hours.

18. according to the described in any item preparation methods of claim 8 to 17, which is characterized in that after the heat treatment step, It further include that setting protective layer is sprayed, coated or pasted in the waterproof and breathable nanometer thin film layer.