SI23315A - Solution for protection of wood - Google Patents

Abstract

A solution for protection of wood is intended to protect wood against wood pests or it represents an agent for the increase of resistance of wood to biotic and abiotic factors of disintegration. The solution for protection of wood according to the submitted invention is composed of a water solution of amine, copper compound, boron compound, qaternary ammonium compound and carboxylic acid, or in an especially favourable embodiment, of a water solution of ethanolamine, copper (II) hydroxide/copper (II) carbonate, boric acid, alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride, octanoic acid, silanes and ethylenglycol.

Description

The object of the present invention is as an aqueous solution an agent for protecting wood from wood pests and improving the resistance of wood against biotic and abiotic degradation factors.

As a rule, copper based protective preparations are generally used to protect the wood in contact with the soil. They are combined with amines and carboxylic acids to improve binding. Insecticidal action in this type of preparation is made possible by the addition of boron compounds, and protection against copper-tolerant isolates is ensured by the addition of quaternary ammonium compounds. Copper-amine preparations provide excellent bonding to wood, but there are some problems in practice. Namely, spruce (Picea sp.) And larch (Larix sp.) Wood is most commonly used for construction purposes in the temperate climate zone of Europe and Asia. The problem, however, is that water-soluble protective agents hardly penetrate said wood, which is therefore much more difficult to impregnate. Furthermore, after impregnation, impregnated wood is often further coated with hydrophobic preparations, which is a significant problem with existing wood preservatives.

The wood preservative solution of the present invention provides environmentally acceptable protection of the wood against the most important decomposing fungi, including white rust, red rust species and copper resistant isolates. In addition, the wood protected with this protective agent increases insect resistance (baby goat) and termites. On the other hand, this protective solution contains no chromium or arsenic. Better penetration into the wood of said solution can be achieved by agents that cause the cell wall to swell. This significantly improves the penetration of the preparations into the wood and enables better protection of the wood.

Copper provides protection against major decomposing fungi, ethanolamine and carboxylic acid provide adequate bonding, and quaternary ammonium compound and boron provide protection against insects, termites and fungi resistant to copper.

Wood impregnated with the wood preservative solution of the invention is often further coated with hydrophobic preparations after impregnation. The addition of hydrophobic substances to copper-amine preparations increases the cost-effectiveness of protecting the wood, as this changes the two-step process into a one-step process. This improves the performance of the wood preservative itself and the economy of the preservation process.

The composition of the wood protection solution according to the present invention has been optimized according to two criteria, after long laboratory tests, namely to reduce copper leaching and increase efficiency against wood destroying organisms (fungal decomposers, insects and termites).

The wood preservative described in the present invention is an aqueous solution comprising:

a) the amine selected,

b) selected copper salt,

c) selected pine salt,

d) selected cobioxide from the group of quaternary ammonium compounds,

e) the selected carboxylic acid,

L

f) a cell wall swelling agent, and

g) hydrophobic substance.

a) For the preparation of the wood preservative solution of the present invention, an amine is selected from the group consisting of ethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine.

The best results were obtained when the wood was impregnated with a protective solution consisting of a solution using ethanolamine as the source of the amine. The leaching of copper compounds in combination with ethanolamine is up to ten times less than when using diethanolamine or triethanolamine.

b) For the preparation of the wood preservative solution of the present invention, a copper salt is selected from the group consisting of copper oxide, copper hydroxide and copper sulfate pentahydrate.

The best copper bonding is obtained when copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO ₄ ^x 5H ₂ O) or copper hydroxide / carbonate is used as the copper salt.

c) For the preparation of the wood preservative solution of the present invention, a boron salt is selected from the group consisting of boric acid, borax and disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (Na ₂ B ₈ Oi3 ^x 4H ₂ O). These compounds are well known as insecticides and fungicides.

The best results were obtained using disodium octaborate tetrahydrate or boric acid. Combining this compound with other ingredients results in the best properties, the best copper bonding and the highest fungicidal efficacy.

d) A quaternary ammonium compound is used as the cobiocide to make the wood protection solution of the present invention. For nearly 20 years, these compounds have been used to protect wood. In recent years, some combinations of quaternary ammonium compound and copper have been available on the market. The most significant advantage of this compound is its significant fungicidal effect. In addition, these compounds form new complexes between copper, ethanolamine and the quaternary ammonium compound, which is expressed in enhanced binding.

In accordance with market availability and bioavailability, alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium and chloride are selected for the preparation of the wood preservative according to the present invention.

e) To improve copper bonding in this wood preservative solution, carboxylic acids are also added to this aqueous solution. To prepare the solution of the present invention, the carboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of hexanoic acid, octanoic acid and decanoic acid.

The best results were achieved when octanoic acid was added to the solution for protection. Octanoic acid has a hydrophobic effect. In addition, it has limited fungicidal properties. The addition of carboxylic acid significantly reduces copper leaching.

The leaching from a solution containing copper, ethanolamine and octanoic acid is comparable to the leaching from copper-treated wood (Table 1).

f) In order to maximize the penetration of said aqueous solution into the wood, it is contemplated according to the invention that an agent which causes swelling of the cell wall is added to said aqueous solution. For the preparation of the solution of the present invention, said cell wall swelling agent is selected from the group consisting of glycols or ammonium compounds.

g) In order to improve the economy of the wood protection, it is further provided according to the invention, io that a hydrophobic agent is added to said aqueous solution. It is contemplated that a hydrophobic active ingredient is added to said aqueous solution in the form of an aqueous emulsion of waxes, montane wax, polyethylene waxes, silanes, silicones, siloxanes, oils, paraffin emulsions.

Copper based protection solution Wash copper in% copper (II) sulfate 45-55% copper (II) sulfate + ethanolamine 6-15% copper (II) sulfate + ethanolamine + disodium octaborate tetrahydrate + quaternary ammonium compound 4-8% CCB 0,5-2% copper (II) sulfate + ethanolamine + disodium octaborate tetrahydrate + quaternary ammonium compound + octanoic acid 1.1-2% copper (II) sulfate + ethanolamine + disodium octaborate tetrahydrate + quaternary ammonium compound + octanoic acid + hydrophobic agent 0,5-1% copper (II) sulfate + ethanolamine + disodium octaborate tetrahydrate + quaternary ammonium compound + octanoic acid + cell wall swelling agent 1-2,5%

In addition, the molar ratio of copper to ethanolamine is also important in the solution for protection. This ratio affects both the price of the preparation and the rate of copper leaching. In most protections, the molar ratio of Cu: amine in solution is less than 1: 12.

Acceptable copper-amine molar ratios are between 8: 1 and 3: 1. The best ratio is influenced by the copper source used, cobiocides and other additives. In general, more additives require a higher molar ratio of copper to amines. Minimum leaching of copper is found on samples impregnated with an aqueous solution containing copper, boron, ethanolamine and quaternary ammonium compound, where the ratio of copper to amine is between 1: 5 and 1: 6. In solutions where the molar ratio lower than 1: 4, the copper precipitated.

The most effective composition of the wood preservative solution of the present invention is an aqueous solution consisting of ethanolamine, copper (II) hydroxide / copper (II) carbonate (1: 1), boric acid, alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride and octanoic acid, in the following composition:

a) ethanolamine (E A), with a molar ratio of copper to E A equal to 1: 6,

b) 1% Cu in the form of copper (II) hydroxide / copper (II) carbonate,

c) 0,5% boron acid,

d) 1% quaternary ammonium compound in the form of alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride,

e) octanoic acid, with a molar ratio of Cu: octanoic acid equal to 1: 1,

f) silanes with a Cu: water-repellent ratio of 1: 0,5,

g) Ethylene glycol, with a weight ratio of Cu: ethylene glycol 1: 2.

or, expressed in grams of the individual constituents in lOOOg wood preservative solution

57.69 g ethanolamine,

17.39 g copper (II) hydroxide / copper (II) carbonate,

22.6 g of boric acid,

ΙΙΟ, 8 g alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride,

11.35 g octanoic acid, g silanes, g ethylene glycol.

The wood impregnated with the protection solution prepared according to the present invention showed sufficient weather resistance. Comparable copper leaching rates were found with wood impregnated with copper-based solutions. In addition, the solution impregnated wood was resistant to most major decomposing fungi. The weight loss in the impregnated specimens exposed to the colorful Trametes versicolor and brown trochobia (Serpula lacrymans, Antrodia vaillantii, Coniophora puteana) was negligible (experiments were performed according to standard procedures). Negligible weight loss was also found after exposure to artificial weather. It also protects wood against copper-resistant organisms.

Wood impregnated with the wood preservative solution of the present invention is also resistant to termites (Kalotermes flavicolis).

Preparation of the protective agent 10

An appropriate amount of ethanolamine is weighed into the reaction chamber; then ^l A of water is added, followed by quaternary ammonium compound. When the quaternary ammonium compound is dissolved, U of water is added. Shake copper sulfate and disodium octaborate tetrahydrate into the solution and add ¼ more water. The octanoic acid and the last U of water are weighed towards the end. Finally, a hydrophobic agent and / or ethylene glycol is added. The preparation of this solution is carried out at room temperature with constant stirring.

Claims (17)

1. A wood preservative solution consisting of an aqueous solution of an amine, a copper salt, a quaternary ammonium compound, a carboxylic acid, a boron salt selected from 5 groups represented by boric acid, borax and disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, cell wall swelling agents and hydrophobic agents. The wood preservative solution of claim 1, wherein the amine is selected from the group consisting of ethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine. io A wood preservative solution according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the amine is ethanolamine. The wood protection solution according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein it is copper 15 salt selected from the group consisting of copper oxide, copper (II) hydroxide / copper (II) carbonate and copper sulfate pentahydrate. Wood protection solution according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the copper salt is copper (II) hydroxide / copper (II) carbonate. The wood protection solution according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the boron compound is boric acid. A wood preservation solution according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the quaternary is 25 ammonium compound alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride. A wood preservative solution according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the carboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of hexanoic acid, octanoic acid and decanoic acid. A wood preservative solution according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the carboxylic acid is octanoic acid. 10. The wood preservative solution of any of the preceding claims, wherein the agent is 35 causing cell wall swelling selected from the group consisting of glycols or ammonium compounds The wood preservative solution of claim 10, wherein the cell wall swelling agent is ethylene glycol. 12. A wood preservative solution according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the weight ratio of copper to the swelling agent is between 1: 0.25 and 1: 5. 13. A wood preservative solution according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the hydrophobic agent is in the form of an aqueous emulsion of waxes, montane wax, polyethylene waxes, silanes, silicones, siloxanes, oils, paraffin emulsions. The wood preservative solution of claim 13, wherein the weight ratio of copper to the hydrophobic active ingredient in the preparation is between 1: 0.05 and 1: 10. 15. Wood preservative solution consisting of an aqueous solution of ethanolamine, copper (II) hydroxide / copper (II) carbonate, disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride and octanoic acid. The wood preservation solution of claim 15, wherein the molar ratio of copper to ethanolamine lies between 1: 8 and 1: 4, preferably between 1: 5 and 1: 6. 17. The wood preservative solution of claim 15, wherein 1000 g of aqueous wood preservative solution contains 57.69 g ethanolamine, 17.39 g copper (II) hydroxide / copper (II) t carbonate, 22.6 g boric acid, 10.8 g alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride, 11.35 g octanoic acid, 5 g silanes and 20 g ethylene glycol.