SI22290A

SI22290A - Evaporation cooling device for vehicles

Info

Publication number: SI22290A
Application number: SI200700147A
Authority: SI
Inventors: Maria Waehning Peter
Original assignee: Waeco Internat Gmbh
Priority date: 2006-06-21
Filing date: 2007-06-21
Publication date: 2007-12-31
Also published as: PL382714A1; DE202006009803U1

Abstract

The invention refers to an evaporation cooling device for vehicles with a minimum of one evaporator (1, 2) for the coolant and a corresponding fan (2A, 9) for the circulation of cold air, with a minimum of one first coolant condenser (3') in contact with external air, and any required corresponding condenser cooling fan (10'), with a first compressor (5'), driven by the vehicle engine (24), with a coolant circuit which establishes links between the evaporator, compressor and condenser, where another coolant compressor (5') is provided, driven by an electromotor (5A) which operates by way of external mains network; the second compressor (5) is located outside of at least one cooling chamber (12, 12''), within the vehicle (12), and there is another condenser (3) with corresponding cooling fan (10) located downstream assigned to the second compressor, while the second condenser (3) and second cooling fan (10) are located outside the engine bay, beneath the vehicle chassis (20A), in contact with external air.

Description

UPARJALNA HLADILNA NAPRAVA ZA VOZILAVEHICLE COOLING DEVICE FOR VEHICLES

Opis izumaDescription of the invention

Področje tehnikeThe field of technology

Izum se nanaša na uparjalno hladilno napravo za vozila skladno z uvodnima deloma zahtevkov 1 ali 2.The invention relates to a vehicle evaporative cooling device according to the introductory parts of claims 1 or 2.

Stanje tehnikeThe state of the art

Za vozila z velikimi potrebami po hlajenju in klimatizaciji že obstajajo rešitve na tržišču, ki jih je moč dobiti od proizvajalcev vozil bodisi za hlajenje v različnih delih vozila, kot v področju sopotnikov po eni strani in v področju nadaljnjih delov vozila, kot transportni prostor gospodarskega vozila, bodisi v bivanjskem področju avtodoma. Prav tako so sistemi, ki dopuščajo upaijalno hladilno napravo tako pri voznem obratovanju, t.j. omogočajo hlajenje pri motorju vozila v teku, kot tudi pri mirujočem obratovanju, ko je motor vozila izključen (US-A-2 895 308 ali DE-U1-298 16 787).For vehicles with high cooling and air conditioning needs, there are already market solutions available from vehicle manufacturers or for cooling in different parts of the vehicle, as well as in the passenger compartment on the one hand and in the further parts of the vehicle, as a commercial vehicle transport space , either in the motorhome's living area. There are also systems that allow the blower to cool in the way it is driven, i.e. allow cooling in the engine of the vehicle in progress, as well as in standstill when the engine of the vehicle is switched off (US-A-2 895 308 or DE-U1-298 16 787).

US-A-2 895 308 predlaga, daje treba vse sestavne dele uparjalne hladilne naprave, ki se uporabljajo pri motorju vozila v teku in so gnani preko klinastega jermena s pomočjo motorja vozila v teku, pri mirujočem obratovanju, t.j. izključenem motorju vozila, gnati preko elektromotorja, ki ga z električno napetostjo oskrbuje zunanji vir električnega toka. To je mogoče s pomočjo sklopke jermenice za klinasti jermen, ki omogoča, da je pri voznem obratovanju z motorjem vozila gnan klinasti jermen za hladilno napravo pri mirujočem obratovanju gnan z elektromotorjem.US-A-2 895 308 proposes that all components of a evaporative cooling device used in the engine of a vehicle in motion and driven through a V-belt by means of the engine of the vehicle in motion, in a stationary operation, i.e. powered off vehicle driven by an electric motor supplied by an external power source. This is possible with the help of a V-belt pulley clutch, which allows the V-belt to be driven by an electric motor when the vehicle is running when the vehicle is running.

DE-U1-298 16 787 izhaja iz uparjalne hladilne naprave za vozila, pri kateri je pri mirujočem obratovanju uporabljen nadaljnji kompresor za hladilno sredstvo in je gnan preko elektromotorja, napajanega iz zunanjega napetostnega vira. Oba kompresorja (od motorja vozila in izmenično s tem kompresor, ki je gnan z elektromotorjem) poganjata po izbiri krogotok hladilnega sredstva upaqalne hladilne naprave, pri čemer ventilna naprava preprečuje, da bi na strani visokega tlaka vsakokratnega kompresorja v pogonu v sistem vodov oddajano hladilno sredstvo na strani visokega tlaka vsakokrat drugega kompresorja lahko izstopilo v drugi kompresor. Sicer se koristijo vsi sestavni deli uparjalne hladilne naprave obeh kompresorjev, torej kondenzator, ki na strani visokega tlaka latentno toploto iz hladilnega sredstva s pomočjo pihala preda na okoliški zrak, in uparjalnik, ki pri uparjanju hladilnega sredstva, utekočinjenega v kondenzatorju, sprejema toploto iz prostora, ki gaje treba hladiti, in jo delno preda na hladilno sredstvo pri popolnem upaijanju le-tega, pri čemer pihala obtočnega zraka skrbijo za kar najhitrejši prenos toplote med zrakom v prostoru, ki gaje treba hladiti, in uparjalnikom. Pri tem znanem sistemu se razvoj toplote in potreba hladilnega sistema po električni energiji pri mirujočem obratovanju med drugim doseže z uporabo akumulatorskega polnilnika, ki obratuje s pomočjo zunanjega vira napetosti pri mirujočem obratovanju in preko svoje nizkonapetostne strani in podpornega akumulatorja oskrbuje pihala pri zgoraj omenjenih prenosnikih toplote pri mirujočem obratovanju z električno napetostjo. Pri tej znani uparjalni hladilni napravi se lahko odpovemo posebni sklopki, kot je opisana v US-A-2 895 308. Poleg tega je možno uporabiti na zunanji vir napetosti naravnan kompresor hladilnega sredstva pri mirujočem obratovanju, medtem ko se pri voznem obratovanju uporabi kompresor hladilnega sredstva naravnan na motor vozila. Pri obeh v prej omenjenem stanju tehnike opisanih upaijalnih hladilnih napravah je nujno poseči v električno krmiljenje vozila, če naj uparjalna hladilna naprava pri mirujočem obratovanju obratuje naprej.DE-U1-298 16 787 is derived from a vehicle evaporative cooling device which uses a further refrigerant compressor during standstill operation and is driven by an electric motor powered by an external voltage source. Both compressors (from the vehicle engine and alternately the electric motor driven compressor) optionally drive the ignition coolant coolant circuits, preventing the valve device from supplying refrigerant at the high pressure side of each compressor in operation to the conduit system. on the high-pressure side, each compressor may exit the second compressor. Otherwise, all components of the evaporative cooling device of the two compressors are used, that is, the condenser, which transmits latent heat from the refrigerant by means of the blower to the ambient air at the high pressure side, and the evaporator, which receives heat from the room when evaporating the refrigerant liquid in the condenser. , which must be cooled and partially transferred to the refrigerant when fully absorbed, with the circulating air blowers ensuring the fastest possible heat transfer between the air in the room to be cooled and the evaporator. With this known system, the development of heat and the need for a cooling system for idle operation is achieved, inter alia, by using a battery charger operated by an external voltage source during idle operation and, through its low-voltage side and a supporting battery, supplying the blowers to the heat exchangers mentioned above. during standstill with electrical power. With this known evaporative cooling device, a special coupling as described in US-A-2 895 308 can be dispensed with. In addition, an external refrigerant compressor can be used in a stationary operation while a refrigerant compressor is used in driving operation funds focused on the vehicle engine. In both of the aforementioned state-of-the-art evaporative cooling devices, it is necessary to intervene in the electrical control of the vehicle if the evaporative cooling device is to remain in operation during standstill.

Pri zgoraj omenjenih na tržišču dosegljivih motornih vozilih, ki omogočajo hlajenje različnih področij vozila, je znana uparjalna hladilna naprava, pri kateri je kompresor hladilnega sredstva uparjalne hladilne naprave prav tako gnan z motorjem vozila in je v krogotoku hladilnega sredstva po toku navzdol razmeščen kondenzator in se pripadajoče pihalo hladilnega zraka za odjem toplote pri pomanjkljivem hlajenju z zračnim tokom razmesti v prostoru motorja vozila. Namesto zgolj enega samega v krogotoku hladilnega sredstva po toku navzdol razmeščenega uparjalnika, se razmesti več uparjalnikov v hidravlično vzporedno vezavo na različnih, po dolžini vozila porazdeljenih mestih blizu želenega izstopa hladnega zraka, tako da se lahko hladijo v razmeroma precej medsebojno ločenih in/ali različnih prostorih v vozilu nahajajočih področij notranjih prostorov.For the aforementioned commercially available motor vehicles that allow cooling in different areas of the vehicle, a evaporative cooling device is known, wherein the refrigerant compressor of the evaporative cooling device is also driven by the vehicle engine and a condenser is disposed downstream and the associated cooling air blower shall be displaced in the engine compartment of the vehicle in case of insufficient air cooling. Instead of a single evaporator downstream of the refrigerant downstream, several evaporators are arranged in hydraulic parallel bonding at different locations along the vehicle length near the desired cold air outlet, so that they can be cooled in relatively much separated from each other and / or different spaces within the vehicle located areas of interior spaces.

Opis izumaDescription of the invention

Izum razkriva, da se vse prej opisane uparjalne hladilne naprave za vozila pri mirujočem obratovanju, t.j. pri motorju vozila, ki ni v teku, lahko poganjajo bolj ekonomično in delno tudi bolj variabilno. Iz tega izhaja naloga izuma, narediti uparjalno hladilno napravo za vozila, katere pogon bo pri mirujočem obratovanju kar zadeva rabo energije še bolj ekonomičen, kot je pri znanem stanju tehnike. Ta cilj se doseže z uparjalnimi hladilnimi napravami za vozila po zahtevku 1 ali alternativno po zahtevku 2. V obeh primerih je predvideno, daje kompresorju hladilnega sredstva pri mirujočem obratovanju, oskrbovanemu z električno pogonsko napetostjo z zunanjim napetostnim virom, podrejen lasten (nadaljnji) kondenzator hladilnega sredstva in temu pripadajoče kondenzacijsko zračno pihalo in da se ta oba sestavna dela (drugi kondenzator hladilnega sredstva in drugo kondenzatorsko zračno pihalo) razmestita izven prostora motorja vozila, prednostno pod dno vozila. S tem se omogoči ukinitev dosedanjih napajanj s tujo toploto v kondenzacijsko hladilno napravo vozila, kajti dodatni kondenzator poleg hladilnega pihala izven prostora motorja vozila in zaščiten pred neposrednim sončnim sevanjem, predaja pri mirujočem obratovanju nastajajočo kondenzacijsko toploto uparjalne hladilne naprave vozila na okoliški zrak. Sevanje toplote izklopljenega motorja vozila zdaj ne more več ovirati toplotnega oddajanja (dodatnega) kondenzatorja hladilnega sredstva. Meritve so pokazale, da to sevanje morda lahko učinkuje zelo veliko ur po izključitvi motorja vozila in da imajo v primerjavi s tem toplotna sevanja pod dnom vozila iz drugih toplotnih virov, kot na primer iz izpušne naprave vozila, relativno kratek čas pojemanja. Pri predloženem izumu je zatorej takoj po izključitvi vozila in preklopu na hlajenje pri mirujočem obratovanju - kljub razmeroma šibkejši konstrukciji kondenzatorja hladilnega sredstva in/ali pihala hladilnega zraka - hladilna zmogljivost na razpolago v polnem obsegu.The invention discloses that all of the previously described evaporative cooling devices for vehicles in standstill, i.e. with the engine idle, they can be driven more economically and partly also more variable. Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to make a evaporative cooling device for vehicles whose propulsion will be even more economical in standstill in terms of energy use than in the prior art. This objective is achieved by means of evaporative cooling devices for vehicles according to claim 1 or alternatively according to claim 2. In both cases, the refrigerant compressor is said to be subject to its own (further) condenser of the refrigerant in the standstill operation, which is supplied with an electric drive voltage by an external voltage source means and the associated condenser blower, and that these two components (the second refrigerant condenser and the second condenser blower) are located outside the vehicle engine compartment, preferably below the bottom of the vehicle. This enables the elimination of the existing extraneous heat supply into the vehicle's condensing refrigeration unit, since, in addition to the cooling blower outside the vehicle's engine compartment and protected from direct sunlight, it transmits the idling condensing heat of the evaporative refrigeration unit to the ambient air during dormant operation. The radiative heat of the engine off of the vehicle can no longer interfere with the thermal emission of the (optional) refrigerant condenser. Measurements have shown that this radiation may have an effect for many hours after the vehicle's engine has been switched off and that compared to this, the thermal radiation below the bottom of the vehicle from other heat sources, such as from the vehicle's exhaust system, has a relatively short deceleration time. In the present invention, therefore, as soon as the vehicle is switched off and the cooling system switched to standstill - despite the relatively weaker design of the refrigerant condenser and / or the cooling air blower - the cooling capacity is available to its full extent.

Razumljivo je, da pri razmestitvi po predloženem izumu skozi kondenzator hladilnega sredstva , ki je predviden v prostoru motoija vozila , ki je pristojen za vozno obratovanje, tok hladilnega sredstva pri mirujočem obratovanju praviloma ne teče. Vendarle se lahko tak dodatni pretok glede na konstrukcijo naprave vsekakor vrši in koristno uporabi.It is to be understood that when the arrangement according to the present invention is passed through the refrigerant condenser provided in the engine compartment of the vehicle in charge of rolling stock, the refrigerant stream does not generally flow during stationary operation. However, such an additional flow, depending on the design of the device, can certainly be made and useful.

Pod zunanjo oskrbo z obratovalno napetostjo ne gre razumeti v smislu izuma le zunanjega visokonapetostnega vira (230 V/115 V) - z ali brez napetostnega transformatorja, ampak tudi napetostne vire, ki so primerni, da preko vgrajenega sredstva vozila dobavljajo obratovalno napetost za drugi kompresor hladilnega sredstva, ki ima vlogo pri mirujočem obratovanju in za potrebno pihalo naprave. Kot napetostni vir se lahko neposredno uporabi podporni akumulator, še zlasti v vozilu sicer uporabljen akumulator, če gre na primer za delovanje pihal. Če se kompresor hladilnega sredstva, ki ima vlogo pri mirujočem obratovanju, kot splošno velja, poganja z višjo napetostjo kot je napetost na krovu vozila, se to načeloma lahko doseže z napetostnim transformatorjem, ki napetost na krovu vozila ustrezno transformira v višjo. V teh primerih ni potrebno vzpostaviti povezave preko električnih vodov z visokonapetostnim virom izven vozila. Če prekinitev delovanja motorja vozila traja daljši čas, na primer več ur, se seveda uporabi drugi vir obratovalne napetosti kot podporni akumulator vozila. Poleg zunanje povezave z omrežno napetostjo bi kazalo tu kot na alternativo pomisliti tudi na generator toka, ki deluje neodvisno od motorja vozila.The external supply of operating voltage is not to be understood in the context of the invention not only of an external high-voltage source (230 V / 115 V) - with or without a voltage transformer, but also of voltage sources suitable to supply the operating voltage to the second compressor through the vehicle's built-in vehicle. refrigerant, which plays a role in dormant operation and for the necessary blower of the device. A support battery can be directly used as a voltage source, especially if the battery is otherwise used in the vehicle, for example when it comes to the operation of blowers. If the refrigerant compressor, which has a standstill role, as a general rule, is powered by a higher voltage than the voltage on board the vehicle, this can in principle be achieved by a voltage transformer which transforms the voltage on board the vehicle accordingly to a higher one. In these cases, it is not necessary to establish a connection through the power lines with a high voltage source outside the vehicle. If the vehicle's engine interruption lasts for a long time, such as several hours, then a second source of operating voltage, of course, is used as the vehicle's backup battery. In addition to the external connection to the mains voltage, it would also be an alternative to think of a current generator operating independently of the vehicle's engine.

Nadalje je v smislu izuma mogoče upaijalno hladilno napravo za vozila po zahtevku 1 ali 2 gnati tudi s samo enim samim uparjalnikom pri mirujočem obratovanju vozila, torej bodisi upaijalnikom, neposredno dodeljenim vozilu lastni uparjalni hladilni napravi za prostor za potnike ali hladilni prostor (na primer za hladilne transporte), bodisi z eventualno v preostalem uporabnem prostoru vozila razmeščenim (nadaljnjim) upaijalnikom, kot v zadnjih bivanjskih prostorih avtodoma. Izum je zatorej uporaben pri številnih težavah hlajenja vozil. Primeren je tako za neposredno vgradnjo pri proizvajalcu vozil, kot tudi za naknadno vgradnjo. V vseh primerih se pri voznem obratovanju vozila uporablja pogonska energija motorja vozila za hlajenje in pri mirujočem obratovanju se uporablja zunanji, t.j. od motorja vozila neodvisni vir energije, ne da bi prišlo do podvajanja sestavnih delov.Furthermore, according to the invention, a blower cooling device for vehicles according to claim 1 or 2 can also be driven by a single evaporator during the stationary operation of the vehicle, that is, either by blower, directly assigned to the vehicle by its own evaporative cooling device for the passenger compartment or cooling compartment (for example, for refrigerated transports), or possibly in the remaining usable space of the vehicle with a (further) fan, as in the last living quarters of the motorhome. The invention is therefore useful in many vehicle cooling problems. It is suitable for direct installation with the vehicle manufacturer as well as for retrofitting. In all cases, the driving energy of the engine of the vehicle for cooling is used in the running operation of the vehicle and in the idle mode, the external energy is used, i.e. independent source of energy from the vehicle engine without duplication of components.

Nadaljnja prednost izuma je v tem, da za hlajenje pri mirujočem obratovanju ni potrebno posegati v dandanašnji vedno bolj zapleteno elektronsko krmilje vozila. Ce se na primer hlajenje pri mirujočem obratovanju vgradi naknadno ali je predvideno kot dodatna oprema pri proizvodnji vozil, se lahko za to potrebne sestavne dela uparjalne hladilne naprave pri mirujočem obratovanju vozila s skrajno majhnim trudom poveže z obstoječim, z motorjem vozila gnanim hladilnim sistemom vozila in integrira vanj, ne da bi bilo potrebno posegati v krmilje vozila. Namesto tega lahko dodatni sestavni del deluje z lastnim, resnično preprostim krmiljeni, čeprav se v vozilu za hlajenje pri mirujočem obratovanju prav tako uporabi že od začetka trdno pritijeno pihalo. Izum je s tem še zlasti primeren za modularno gradnjo upaijalnih hladilnih naprav za vozila - bodisi za tovarniško sestavljanje različnih možnosti hlajenja po željah kupcev, bodisi za naknadno opremljanje in/ali razširitev obstoječe uparjalne hladilne naprave za vozila.A further advantage of the invention is that, for stationary cooling, it is not necessary to interfere with the increasingly complex electronic steering of the vehicle today. For example, when stationary cooling is retrofitted or intended as an accessory to vehicle production, the necessary components of the evaporative cooling device during stationary operation of the vehicle with extreme effort may be connected to the vehicle's existing engine-driven cooling system and integrates into it without having to interfere with the steering of the vehicle. Instead, the optional component can work with its own, really simple steering, though a firmly attached blower is also used from the start when the vehicle is stationary. The invention is thus particularly suited to the modular construction of evaporative vehicle cooling devices - either for the factory assembly of various refrigeration options according to customer preferences, or for retrofitting and / or extending an existing evaporative vehicle cooling device.

Prej omenjeni, kot tudi v zahtevkih in v izvedbenih primerih opisani konstrukcijski deli za uporabo po izumu niso po svoji velikosti, obliki, izbiri materiala in tehnični koncepciji podvrženi nobenim posebnim izrednim pogojem, tako da lahko izbirni kriteriji v področju uporabe zadostijo neomejeni uporabi.The aforementioned, as well as in the claims and in the embodiments described, the structural parts for use according to the invention are not subject to any special exceptional conditions in their size, shape, material choice and technical concept, so that the selection criteria in the field of use can satisfy unlimited use.

Nadaljnje posebnosti, značilnosti in prednosti predmeta izuma se kažejo v podzahtevkih, kot tudi v sledečem opisu pripadajoče slike in tabele, v katerem je kot primer predstavljen en izvedbeni primer uparjalne hladilne naprave za vozila.Further particulars, features and advantages of the subject matter of the invention are shown in the sub-claims, as well as in the following description of the accompanying figure and table, in which one embodiment of a vehicle evaporative cooling device is exemplified.

Edina slika prikazuje blokovno shemo uparjalne hladilne naprave za vozila.The only picture shows a block diagram of a vehicle evaporative cooling unit.

Na sliki je prikazan zgolj za izum bistven del upaijalne hladilne naprave za vozila, torej brez sestavnih delov, ki so gnani z motorjem vozila in so, tako rekoč kot osnovna oprema, predvideni v prostoru motorja vozila. Ta (samo črtkano predstavljena) osnovna oprema sestoji iz kompresoija hladilnega sredstva, gnanega z motoijem vozila, kondenzatoija hladilnega sredstva, razmeščenega fluidno po toku navzdol, ki se oskrbuje s hladnim zrakom za odvod toplote s pomočjo voznega zračnega toka in praviloma ob podpori zračnega pihala kondenzatoija. Na sliki so nizkotlačni vodi krogotokov hladilnega sredstva predstavljeni z debelimi črtami in vodi hladilnega sredstva na visokotlačni strani s tanjšimi črtami. Električni vodi so prikazani črtkano.The figure shows, for the purposes of the invention only, a substantial part of the intake air conditioning device for vehicles, that is, without components driven by the engine of the vehicle and, as a matter of fact, as basic equipment, provided in the engine compartment of the vehicle. This (dashed only) basic equipment consists of compression of a refrigerant driven by a vehicle moto, condensation of a refrigerant disposed fluidly downstream, supplied with cold air for heat dissipation by means of a driving air flow, and generally supported by a condensate air blower. . In the figure, the low pressure lines of the refrigerant circuits are represented by thick lines and the refrigerant lines on the high pressure side with thin lines. Power lines are shown in dashed lines.

V izvedbenem primeru ima privzeto, na sliki pikčasto nakazano vozilo (20) v sprednjem področju upaijalnik 2 uparjalne hladilne naprave, s pomočjo katerega se hladijo prednja notranja področja vozila, voznik in sopotniški prostor. V tem prednjem upaijalniku 2 je, kot je nakazano, integrirano pihalo hladilnega zraka. Nadaljnji uparjalnik 1 je razmeščen v bolj zadaj ležečem področju vozila. Pihalo 9 upaijalnika, ki se pri voznem obratovanju bodisi hladi z zrakom in/ali s pomočjo pihala 9 uparjalnika, je pri mirujočem obratovanju prepihovan izključno s hladilnim zrakom iz pihala 9 uparjalnika. Tako iz prednjega upaijalnika kot tudi iz zadnjega upaijalnika 1 izstopa ohlajen zrak v uporabno področje notranjega prostora vozila pri želenih izpustih hladilnega zraka na različnih mestih vozila.In the embodiment, by default, the dotted point vehicle (20) in the front region has a evaporator 2 of the evaporative cooling device, by means of which the front interior areas of the vehicle, the driver and the passenger compartment are cooled. In this front blower 2, the cooling air blower is integrated as indicated. Further evaporator 1 is located in the rear of the vehicle. The blower blower 9, which is either cooled by air and / or by the evaporator blower 9 during driving operation, is only blown by the cooling air from the evaporator blower 9 during standstill operation. Both the front blower and the rear blower 1 leave cooled air in the usable area of the interior of the vehicle with the desired cooling air discharges at different points in the vehicle.

(Nadaljnji) kompresor 5 hladilnega sredstva je lahko razmeščen - toplotno ne najbolj ugodno - pod dno 1A vozila. Sušilnik 4 hladilnega sredstva, razmeščen na visokotlačni strani hidravlično po toku navzdol, kondenzator 3 hladilnega sredstva in njemu pripadajoče pihalo 10 kondenzatoija so razmeščeni na primernem mestu pod dnom 100A vozila 100. Ni potrebno, da to mesto nujno sovpada z mestom namestitve za kompresor 5. Vodi hladilnega sredstva so tako na visokotlačni strani kot tudi na nizkotlačni strani kompresoija 5 na poljubnem mestu povezani z vozilu lastno upaijalno hladilno napravo preko na primer T-kosov. V visokotlačnem vodu so lahko vgrajeni protipovratni ventili, kot ventil 7, skozi katerega lahko teče tok visokotlačnega hladilnega sredstva samo v smeri nasprotni črni debeli puščici. Prav tako lahko skozi magnetni ventil 8, ki ga je moč električno upravljati v smislu odpiranja in zapiranja, teče tok samo v eni smeri in se po potrebi odpre in zapre. Oba ventila 7 in 8 služita za to, da vsakokratni kompresor hladilnega sredstva, ki ni v obratovanju, ščitita pred visokim tlakom hladilnega sredstva, ki ga oddaja drugi kompresor hladilnega sredstva. S tem je mogoče poganjati različne kompresorske sisteme brez težav s poškodbami. Kot je znano imajo hermetično zaprti tipi kompresorjev notranje trajno mazanje z oljem. Polhermetično kompresorski sistemi so odprti tako, da pride mazalno olje za kompresor tudi v krogotok hladilnega sredstva.The (further) refrigerant compressor 5 may be positioned - thermally not most conveniently - below the bottom 1A of the vehicle. The refrigerant dryer 4, positioned on the high pressure side hydraulically downstream, the refrigerant condenser 3 and the associated condensate blower 10 are positioned at a suitable location below the bottom 100A of vehicle 100. This location does not necessarily have to coincide with the location of the compressor 5. The refrigerant lines, both on the high-pressure side and on the low-pressure side of the compression 5, are connected to the vehicle by their own blow-up cooling device via, for example, T-pieces. Non-return valves may be installed in the high pressure line, such as a valve 7 through which the flow of the high pressure refrigerant can only flow in the direction opposite to the black thick arrow. It can also flow electrically through the solenoid valve 8, which can be electrically operated in terms of opening and closing, in one direction only, and if necessary open and close. Both valves 7 and 8 serve to protect each out-of-service refrigerant compressor from the high refrigerant pressure emitted by the other refrigerant compressor. This makes it possible to run various compressor systems without damage problems. As is known, hermetically sealed compressor types have an internal permanent oil lubrication. Semi-hermetic compressor systems are open so that lubricating oil for the compressor also enters the refrigerant circuit.

Akumulatorski polnilnik 11, na primer z IUOU karakteristiko, se lahko uporabi na znan način (DE-U1-298 16 787). Krmilna omara 6 skrbi za oskrbo z napetostjo sestavnih delov, ki so potrebni pri mirujočem obratovanju, v tem oziru je pri predstavljenem izvedbenem primeru predvideno, da prednji uparjalnik 2 s svojim hladilnim pihalom 2A pri mirujočem obratovanju ni v uporabi. Pri voznem obratovanju se zadnji uparjalnik 1 in prednji upaijalnik 2 oskrbujeta z visokotlačnim hladilnim sredstvom s pomočjo prvega kompresorja hladilnega sredstva (ni prikazan), ki je razmeščen po toku navzdol od kondenzatorja hladilnega sredstva, ki je razmeščen zadaj za prvim kompresoijem (ni prikazan).The battery charger 11, for example with the IUOU characteristic, can be used in a known manner (DE-U1-298 16 787). The control cabinet 6 provides for the voltage supply of the components required for the stationary operation, in which case the foregoing evaporator 2 with its cooling blower 2A is not in use during standstill. In running operation, the rear evaporator 1 and the front blower 2 are supplied with a high-pressure refrigerant by means of a first refrigerant compressor (not shown) positioned downstream of the refrigerant condenser located behind the first compressor (not shown).

Seznam sklicevalnih oznak uparjalnik hladilnega sredstva uparjalnik hladilnega sredstvaList of references Coolant evaporator Coolant evaporator

2A pihalo za cirkulacijo hladilnega zraka kondenzator hladilnega sredstva2A refrigerant air blower refrigerant condenser

3' kondenzator hladilnega sredstva sušilnik3 'refrigerant condenser dryer

4' sušilnik kompresor hladilnega sredstva4 'dryer refrigerant compressor

5' kompresor hladilnega sredstva5 'refrigerant compressor

A elektromotor krmilna omara protipovratni ventil ventil pihalo hladilnega zraka hladilno pihalo kondenzatorjaA electric motor control cabinet check valve valve coolant blower blower condenser blower

10' hladilno pihalo kondenzatorja hladilni prostor10 'Condenser Cooling Fan Cooling Room

12' hladilni prostor visokotlačni vod12 'cooling compartment high pressure line

14' visokotlačni vod mesto priključitve vozilo14 'high pressure line connecting point vehicle

20A dno vozila prostor motorja pogonski motor20A bottom of the vehicle engine compartment drive engine

Claims

1. Evaporative cooling device for vehicles, in particular for vehicles for the transport of perishable goods

- with at least one refrigerant evaporator (1, 2) placed in the passenger compartment and / or other usable area of the vehicle and this / this associated blower (2A, 9) for the cooling air circulation,

- with at least one first condenser (3 ') of refrigerant located in the engine compartment (22) or in another location of the vehicle (20) connected to the outside air and, if necessary, the condenser coolant (10') with the first compressor ( 5 ') driven by the propulsion engine (24) of the vehicle,

- by a refrigerant circuit that connects the connecting lines between the refrigerant evaporator, the refrigerant compressor and the refrigerant condenser, characterized in that

- a second refrigerant compressor (5) is provided, driven by an electric motor (5A), operated by an external mains voltage;

- the second refrigerant compressor (5) is located outside at least one cooling compartment (12, 12 ') but inside the vehicle (20), and that

- a further downstream condenser (3) and the associated cooling fan (10) are condensed downstream of the second refrigerant compressor (5)

- the second condenser (3) of the coolant and the second condenser blower (10) are located outside the engine compartment at the location below the bottom (20A) of the vehicle in connection with the outside air.

Λΰ

2. Evaporative cooling device for vehicles, in particular vehicles for the transport of perishable goods with a combination of cooling while driving and at standstill,

- with at least one refrigerant evaporator (2) located in the cooling compartment (12 ') of the vehicle (20) and its associated blower (2A) for the cooling air circulation,

- with at least one coolant condenser (3 ') and, if necessary, a condenser blower (10'), with the first compressor (5 ') located in the engine compartment (2) or at another external air-connected location of the vehicle (20). ) refrigerant driven by the propulsion engine (24) of the vehicle,

- with a second refrigerant compressor (5) driven by an electric motor (5A) operated by an external mains voltage,

- with connecting lines which establish a refrigerant circuit between the refrigerant vaporizers, the refrigerant compressor and the refrigerant condenser, characterized in that

- a downstream condenser (3) and the associated condenser blower (10) are arranged downstream of the second refrigerant compressor (5), and

- the second condenser (3) of the coolant and the second condenser blower (10) are located outside the moto space, in a location that is connected to the outside air.

Evaporative cooling device according to claim 2, characterized in that the second refrigerant condenser (3) and the second cooling blower (10) are condensed below the bottom (20A) of the vehicle.

An upstream refrigerant device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 with two refrigerant vaporizers (1,2), characterized in that the high pressure line (14) of the second refrigerant compressor (5) is located between the first and second evaporators (1,2) refrigerant fluidly coupled to a high pressure line (14 ') connecting the two refrigerant vaporizers.

An upstream cooling device according to claim 4, characterized in that the connection point (15) is located below the bottom (20A) of the vehicle.

An upstream cooling device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the non-return valve (7) is arranged downstream of the second refrigerant condensate (3).

Evaporative cooling device according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the non-return valve or the adjustable valve (8) is arranged downstream of the first condensate (3 ') of the refrigerant.

Evaporative cooling device according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the refrigerant circuit of the operating drive motor (24) of the vehicle (20) comprises two spatially separated refrigerant vapors (1, 2) and of a non-rotating drive engine only one refrigerant evaporator (1).

Evaporative cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a control cabinet (6) independent of the vehicle of the self-steering is provided for the electrical control of the second refrigerant compression compressor (5) and blowers of the evaporative cooling device.

An intake refrigerant device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the refrigerant circuit during standstill comprises either a blower (2) directly assigned to the vehicle by its own blower cooling device or a blower (1) located in the remaining usable space of the vehicle. ), or both of these refrigerant evaporators.