SI21621A - Multipurpose decorative ledge and method of installation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention presented discloses a new multipurpose decorative ledge, which is a building material and belongs to the system of filler elements and linings in building construction. The invention describes also a method of installation of the said multipurpose decorative ledge and its use for various purposes.

Description

SLOVENIA

MULTIPURPOSE DECORATIVE LADDER AND INSTALLATION METHOD

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

A multifunctional decorative molding is a construction element that belongs to the system of fillers and linings in construction.

The new product can be classified as well-known decorative slats made of different materials, such as decorative slats made of galvanized and painted sheet metal, aluminum painted sheet metal, plastic and wood.

These decorative slats are more or less standard, or different shapes used for fillers in various commercial, industrial and individual buildings, namely:

1. fences (balcony and courtyard)

2. door slats

3. wall and ceiling coverings

4. Fillings of uninsulated and insulated objects such as: log cabins, logs, sheds, warehouses, etc.

After examining the field of technology, I found that there are four basic embodiments of fillers used in the above cases. In all cases, the filler requires an aesthetic appearance, an aesthetic fixing method, aesthetic finishing at corners and edges, easy maintenance and durability. Therefore, in the following description of the invention, I will refer to these products as "decorative slats".

A brief description of the attached pictures

In the following, I will describe the invention in more detail, referring to the accompanying drawings for a better understanding:

Painting: An example of mounting a decorative molding of an existing design 1

Figure 2: Installation example of a decorative molding of an existing version 2

Figure 3: Installation example of a decorative molding of an existing design 3

Figure 4: Example of mounting a decorative molding of an existing version 4

Figure 5: Shows examples of use of the proposed decorative slats

Figure 5A: Shows an example of using a decorative strip for a ventilated facade with an integrated window surface

Figure 6A: Shows the proposed profile of the decorative molding for the floor fence

Figure 6B: Shows the proposed profile of the decorative strip for the fence in cross section

Figures 7A - 7F: Shows the different shapes of the proposed rail fence

Figures 8A - 8F: Show the relief design of the surface of the proposed rail rails

Figure 9: Shows the vertical way of mounting decorative slats for straight and separate fence

Figure 10A: Shows a proposed decorative rail for a fence as a solar collector in isometric view

Figure 10B: Shows the proposed decorative rail for the fence as a solar collector in floor plan

Figure 10C: Shows the proposed decorative railing for the railing as a cross-section solar collector

Painted: Shows how to mount the proposed decorative rail fence as a solar collector

Figure 11 A: Shows the mounting method of the proposed decorative fence lath as a solar collector

Figure 12A: Shows the proposed decorative facade molding in isometric view

Figure 12B: Shows the proposed decorative molding for the facade in the floor plan

Figure 12 C: Shows the proposed decorative slate for the cross-sectional facade

Figures 13A-13F: Show the shape of the front joints for the proposed facade decorative slats

Figure 14: Shows the lining of the round pillars with the proposed decorative lath for the facade

Description of the prior art

First performance

The sheet metal trims 12 are bent on a bending machine made of sheet metal from 0.5 to 2 mm thick, approx. 100 mm. For aesthetically acceptable fastening, the side edge is made in the form of a pin joint so that the attachment location is not visible.

Figure 1 shows a sheet metal decorative molding molding 12, which is fixed to the steel substructure by means of rivets or screws (not shown) at position 13 in the pin joint. The other longitudinal edge of the molding is only stuck in the pin joint.

The disadvantages of the first implementation of decorative slats:

since the decorative slats are made on simple bending machines, only the lateral edge of the slats is formed, but it does not have a properly shaped surface of the central part, which consequently gives us the corrugation and monotony of the surface, as well as no shaped front end without which the slats cannot be properly extend longitudinally,

- sheet metal strips, except for high-quality materials such as aluminum, copper and stainless steel, begin to change their appearance, especially in damaged places, such as galvanized painted sheet metal, which is used most for sheet metal decorative strips, where, due to the damaged bending surface, and mountings begin to rust, especially at fixing points, which is damaged by drilling of fixing holes and at the digging where water is held for the longest time, and the location of the front section of the decorative strip during assembly is problematic,

- such decorative slats are used mainly for industrial buildings, because for business and individual buildings it works quite unesthetically (cold), they cause noise during rainfall and are also susceptible to mechanical damage (scratches, shocks).

Another performance

These decorative slats, shown in Figure 2, are made by extrusion of plastics and are full in cross section. The thickness of these slats is approx. 1 cm, cut to length as desired, and their width is usually about 10 cm. The surface layer on these slats has a thickness of approx. 0.2 mm and is slightly rough (wood imitation) but can be completely smooth. The surface layer is made of better UV stabilized material. The centerpiece 25, however, has the task of filling and is a valuable plastic material (eg foamed PVC).

The disadvantages of the second implementation of decorative slats:

otherwise, the very functional arrangement of the material proves to be defective in the frontal section, since the center portion 25 becomes visible and exposed to weathering which is not resistant,

- full decorative slats 22 have no shaped lateral edge and front end and are fastened to one another only by contact, to the subframe 21 are fastened by screws 23 which remain visible.

The third performance

These decorative slats are made by extrusion of plastic from approx. 2 mm thick S-shaped material, where the width of the S-shape (horizontal width of the slats shown) is approx. 70 mm and the height of the S-shape (horizontal depth of the slats shown) is approx. 35 mm. This embodiment is shown in Figure 3.

The decorative moldings "s" of shape 32 are attached to the steel substructure 31 by screws 33. How much is seen through the fence can be determined by the distance of the moldings. In order to close the field of view between the slats also from the side, the adjacent slats must overlap.

The disadvantages of the third implementation of decorative slats

- with the implementation of the decorative lath, as shown in Figure 3, the volume consumption of the material is reduced at the expense of the shape, which is essentially derived from the Z profile, which is optimally load-bearing and gives static strength to the decorative lath, but the decorative lath is formed very simple, which aesthetically does not have good effect, with this profile the lath overlap is poor, which significantly increases the consumption.

Fourth version:

The decorative slats 42 (Fig. 4) are made by extrusion of plastics in a ventricular design. The thickness of the decorative slats 42 is usually 9 mm and the width is approx. 105 mm. These decorative slats 42 are used e.g. for plastic cladding or cladding in interior spaces where, by means of screws or nails, they are secured in places 43 to a wooden, metal or plastic supporting structure

41. Just like a wooden version, it has longitudinal grooves for fastening for aesthetically appropriate mounting where joints are not visible.

The disadvantages of the fourth implementation of decorative slats:

- the material of which the molding is made is the same as that of the shutters. The molding is made of chambers with a wall thickness of 1 mm, which turns out to be approx. 100 mm too small, since the surface curves when extruding, and over time, the molding is shown to be inhomogeneous and subject to twisting, and the color fades unevenly, the molding is very simple, which does not only give the object an aesthetic effect, but only performs its functional purpose to fill the intended surface.

Description of a technical problem

The common disadvantages of all the existing designs of decorative slats are the following:

- they are not universal, or not equally applicable for mounting on fences and facades,

- have no longitudinal and frontal extension systems,

- they are not adapted for the installation of semi-circular fences or semi-circular forms of bridges and facades, which are becoming increasingly established in the construction industry, do not have a termination system (corner, digger, front border, etc.), but the biggest drawback of the existing slats is the linear transformation technology, which gives very few design options.

Description of the invention

The proposed decorative strip is intended to eliminate any shortcomings of the prior art. The starting point for constructing the proposed decorative slats was to achieve the widest possible range of applications, which I succeeded with two designs of decorative slats. The two designs of the decorative slats differ in the design of the side and front edges, but the central part remains the same.

In what follows I call these two designs "decorative slats" for the facade and "decorative slats" for the fence. The construction and method of attachment are described separately. The technology and basic material used to make the decorative moldings are described below.

Description of the proposed multifunctional decorative slats and mounting method

Figure 5 shows the individual applications of the proposed multifunctional decorative slats and the mounting method. The individual house schematic shows nine use cases of the present invention:

(1) imitation wooden frame (in the ridge there is a vertical mounting method in the cap and a longitudinal mounting mode.

(1 A) Frontal molding of various patterns at the front of both (2) as a ventilated facade (3) for interior wall coverings (4) for suspended ceilings (5) for lining various columns in circular shapes (6) for vertical rounded railings ( 7) for horizontal railings (8) as decorative slats (shutter filler) (9) for external railings which can be used as a solar collector

For the use of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 we use a decorative facade molding. Each of these use cases provides us with additional functional options for the slats:

1. In the case of use 1, transparent laths can be installed, for which a lamp is installed, and thus the proposed decorative lath becomes a lighting element that illuminates the staircase, entrance, balconies, yards, footpaths, surroundings of the house, etc.

2. In Example 2, we use a decorative lath to clad the ventilated facade, which is shown in more detail in Fig. 5A, the laths used are slightly opaque or transparent 51 on the surface of the window openings. The window slats 51 transmit light through the window opening and retain a uniform design on the outside, since the window is integrated into the façade cladding without windows and window sills, which gives the building a modern look and some beneficial effects on the facade cladding functionality by preventing overheating or cooling of the building through window surfaces due to the ventilation layer, the window is relieved of external weather influences, and the facade does not require window shelves and window sills.

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Ventilation through the window opening is maintained by means of a ventilation duct with a depth of Z of at least 4 cm between the decorative facade molding 52 and the thermal insulation 53 with which the wall 54 is insulated. The ventilation duct is created with a spacer bracket 55 and a perforated Z profile 56. Transparent moldings 51 run to the window sill line. This is achieved by cutting the slats on the line of the window sill and fixing the corresponding connecting edge of the other slats with which we want to extend the front or longitudinally. To complete the window opening 59 in the zone of the ventilated duct Z, we use a perforated pallet strip 58 of the same material and the same color as the facade battens 52, which hides the facade substructure and maintains the ventilation through the window opening.

3. In case 3, the slats are the same as in the two cases above, except that the surface is shaped as well as adapted to the design of classical wooden paneling, classical brick wall, classical stone wall, etc.

4. In Example 4, the moldings are the same as above, only the surface design and colors are adapted to the classical ceiling design, the vaulted brick ceiling, etc.

5. In Example 5, the moldings are similar to those in the previous cases, and the surface design is adapted to the design of baroque columns, hexagonal columns, etc.

For use cases 6, 7, 8 and 9 we use a decorative rail for the fence. What is common to these slats is that they consist of two parts and make up a hollow body. The hollow of the decorative molding is used in various ways, depending on the use:

1. In the case of 6 and 7, a support column, a support bar or a luminaire is installed in the cavity of the lath to obtain an illuminated decorative lath.

2. In the case of use 8, a steel frame is hidden in the cavity of the slats, which gives the sash a shuttering strength, and hinges may be attached to this frame to secure the sash to the wall. In this case, the maximum size (width and height) of the hollow molding is equal to the size of the shutter sash.

3. In the case of use 9, the cavity of the slats is used as a hot water tank.

Decorative railings for railings:

The basic profile of the new decorative rail fence (Figures 6A, 6B) contains a central portion 61, which is wavy (as shown) or straight (not shown), and the two lateral edges 62 in cross section may be flat or of any shape. The width of the central portion 61 is from 5 to 100 cm, preferably 20 cm. The length of the slats is from 50 to 200 cm, preferably 100 cm. However, when designing the molding, it is important that the side edge 62 of width A is sufficiently wide, preferably 20 mm, so that a plurality of holes can be drilled into this edge, if necessary, preferably four (not shown) that serve to attach the decorative moldings to round supporting pipes, preferably stainless steel. The lateral edges 62 are formed at the extreme edge into a snap groove 63, which serves to fix the rear of the decorative lath 64, which completely conceals the interior of the lath.

For the concrete molding, we first select the molding that gives the fence the most important influence on the final appearance and give it greater importance in the design.

Figures 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E and 7F show some established design in joinery and some exotic design examples that could be used e.g. in shops, pubs, kindergartens, because they are more striking and could give the object a unique seal.

The surface design shown in Figures 8 A to 8D has a significant influence on the appearance of the slats.

Colored glass can be incorporated into any relief, which gives a combination of plastic materials, glass and stainless steel, which gives the fence a higher level of design.

Relief can also be used to create a promotional logo, or the inscription of a store or shop. In the event that this relief is cut and the fence strip is illuminated from the inside, a fence with an illuminated advertising sign is obtained.

In addition to the visual role, the relief design of the surface also plays a functional role because with the relief, which is deep, preferably approx. 3 mm profile the surface to obtain reinforcing edges, which give a relatively long molding additional rigidity and maintain a straight line of decorative molding. Therefore, the relief lines run preferably in the longitudinal direction of the slats as shown in Figure 6A. If the stiffness of the slats is not satisfactory (in the case of longer and wider decorative railings for the fence), we use reinforcement C profile 65, which is preferably made of galvanized sheet, which is glued to the front of the slats, as shown in Figure 6B.

The third choice in the design is made between different structures (surface roughness). We can choose between roughness in the base material itself (imitation wood, leather, etc.), or by micro-reshaping the surface to obtain a surface similar to that of facade finishes with different granulation (eg 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm or more).

Facade decorative slats:

The decorative lath for facade 120 (Fig. 12C) has a central part 121 the same as the lath for the fence shown in Figures 6A and 6B. However, it differs in the design of the lateral edge (122 and 123), which serves as a fastener for fastening. On the one hand, a lateral longitudinal edge 122 is formed into a pin joint of various shapes, into which a straight longitudinal edge 123 of an adjacent molding can be stuck.

The ends of the ends S and Z at each end of the slat are the same shape, so that the longitudinal lengthening of the battens closely matches or fits. Likewise, the shape of the conclusion S corresponds to the shape Sl of the central part. This shape matching is required when assembling two slats into a corner joint, at an angle of e.g. 90 ° (not shown).

The longitudinal pin edge has different shapes and pin depths in cases where we want to lay slats e.g. around the round pillars or when mounted in a radius. This example is shown in Figure 15.

For decorative facade slats, however, the design of the front end (Figures 13A to 13F), which is the basis for a quality front joint for lengthening the slats, is very important. We require the front joint to be made with as little clearance as possible to make it almost imperceptible. In order to achieve as little clearance as possible in the joint, we can choose the method of joining with the form of a pin joint, which ensures with the cone that the joint is optimally compressed and with the force of friction as a whole, so that it does not need to be further hardened.

Also, the forehead has an important design task in case this conclusion is also a corner element. In this case, however, the front finish is strongly exposed as a pattern and should be selected accordingly with respect to the rest of the design on the object. An example of such use is shown in Figure 5 for the first use at the head of both 1 A.

Mounting method of decorative rail for fence (Figure 9)

The fence substructure is designed in such a way that prefabricated standard beams, columns and fittings are simply screwed together at the place of installation, and no welding is required that would damage the substructure during installation. Later, all the screw joints are covered with decorative slats.

Screw the pillars 91 into the floor or sideways to the balcony panel into even grids. The slats 93 have four laterally drilled holes for mounting to the rails as standard, while the columns have welded connecting elements for the rails. The cross section, cut to the right length, has a thread 95 on one side, which is screwed onto the stem into the nut 97. So many slats are placed on the crossbar to fill the grid. We also do it with another crossbar. The slats 93 can be mounted on both bars 92 before mounting the bars on the pole, making installation easier. We must screw the two crossbars 92 on one side into the nut on the post 95, and on the other hand just insert the crosspiece into the seat 96 (tube open from the top side) and, due to the stiffness, secure the joint with the rivet or screw 99 through the seat and the pipe.

When installing the slats on the crossbar, we have to make sure that the first and the last crossbar are only half mounted, because the second half will be fixed with a crossbar from the adjacent raster and these two slats will hug the column. Transverse movement of the slats to the left and to the right is prevented by tightly seating the crossbar into the bore and additionally gluing the rail to the crossbar.

To cover the pillar we will use slats 93 in the front and slats with a groove 94 in the rear, so that together they provide a sufficient intermediate space to hug the pillar with a width of approx. 35 mm. Composite decorative slats are further reinforced at the joint by glue or riveting.

In case we want to illuminate the staircase with a transparent lath into which we will install the lamp, we have to attach an electric cable 98 to the lath and the rails. The mounting of a separate fence shape is the same, only giving a cross (102) in this case a separate shape and fits into the balcony radius or desired fence shape.

The way of mounting the decorative rails is used as a solar collector

This embodiment of the decorative lath 101, 102 shown in Figures 10A, 10B and 10C exploits the cavity of the lath so that the front two laths 101, 102 assembled into a hollow waterproof manifold are sealed with a sealing strip 103 (e.g., double-sided adhesive tape of two-component adhesive, known in the art) and screwed together with screws 104 to provide a watertight connection of the two slats. This gives a watertight collector of 6 to 10 liters, depending on the dimensions of the slats used.

The decorative lath 101, 102 is characterized in that it has essentially the same properties as the decorative lath for the fence, except that the side edges are drawn outwards, thereby producing a flange 105 surrounding the lath, where the color of said lath 101, 102 is can be any, preferably dark or black.

Figure 11 shows the connection of the slats to the water supply system. Connect vertically placed watertight slats to a network of at least ten manifolds with standard galvanized plumbing fixtures (pipes, fittings). The lower crossbar is connected to cold water (V) and the upper crossbar is connected to hot water collection (I). Additionally, overpressure protection is provided in the system with safety valve 111 and the system empties in winter due to frost with valve 112. The movement of water is shown in Figure 11 with arrows.

With this method of mounting the solar collector, it is very elegant to achieve that the sun's rays reach the collector from all sides. Also, due to the large surface area of such a collector, a relatively small amount of water can be expected to have good thermal efficiency.

Technology and basic material for making the proposed moldings

Such a large amount of use is possible mainly because the tool with which we transform flat panels into proposed profiles is quite easy, since we only need a one-piece model for thermoforming plastics, which means having one positive product shape at one time.

The vacuum thermoforming system, or vacuum thermal transformation, has long been known in the art, but this process has not been used so far to produce decorative moldings as contemplated by the present invention.

The process is carried out by placing a plate of thermoplastic material over the tool in which the cavity, which has the negative shape of the desired decorative slats, is airtight. During the vacuum thermoforming process, vacuum the heated thermoplastic sheets into the cavity or mold to obtain the desired profile shape.

The width of the blades, the undulations of the blades, the shape of the front finishes, the special engraving and the shape on the surface are very easy to achieve with the proper interventions in the mold, which enables us to adapt to the specific design requirements.

The basic materials for the production of the proposed decorative slats are thermoplastic panels of width 0.5 m to 1.0 m, preferably 1.0 m, length 0.5 m to 2.0 m, preferably 2.0 m. With a vacuum machine that has a tool dimension e.g. 2.0 x 1.0 m in one transformation cycle a transformation of approx. 2 m of useful surface of decorative slats, which represents five slats of dimensions approx. 200 x 20cm. This capacity utilization of the vacuum device is good.

For the material of which the panels are made, co-extruded plates of approx. 2.0 mm for decorative slats for the facade and 3.0 mm for decorative slats for the fence.

Coextrusion panels optimally utilize higher quality and UV resistant material on the surface, preferably PMMA or ASA. The base material is preferably ABS material, which provides good mechanical and strength properties of the moldings.

Claims (13)

Patent claims 1. Decorative facade lath, characterized in that it is made of plastic, preferably thermoplastic material, and contains: - a central portion (121) which is convex in the shape of Sl and may be rough, smooth or may contain any embossed forms such as longitudinal ribs and the like, a lateral portion (122) comprising a longitudinal groove, - a lateral part (123) which fits into said longitudinal groove, - the upper end portion S, the lower end portion Z having a shape which fits tightly with the upper end portion S of the next molding, thereby permitting the laths to be extended, wherein the lower end portion Z is optionally of such shape that it adheres firmly to the convex shape Fig. 1 of the central part of the slats (121) ensures corner joints. 2. Decorative rail fence (93), characterized in that it is made of plastic, preferably thermoplastic material, and contains: a central portion (61) which is wavy or smooth and convex to the Sl shape, - longitudinal lateral edges (62) with optional snap-in grooves (63) which, if necessary, serve to secure the rear of the decorative slat (64), which completely conceals the interior of the slats, where the width (A) of the longitudinal lateral edges (62) is such, that it allows positioning a plurality of fixing holes, preferably the width (A) being 20 mm, the upper end portion (S), and the lower end portion (Z), where the width of the central portion (61) is from 5 to 100 cm, preferably 20 cm and the length of said decorative rail for the fence is from 50 cm to 200 cm, preferably 100 cm. Decorative rail fence according to claim 2, characterized in that it has a groove in the lower end portion (S) that is shaped to fit, as a rule, the horizontal portion of the support posts (91). 4. A method of assembling decorative laths for cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that a lateral part (123) of an adjacent lath, which fits into said longitudinal groove, is inserted into the lateral portion (122) containing the longitudinal groove. Installation method for decorative facade laths according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower end part Z, which is of such a shape that it fits tightly to the upper end part S of the next lath, is mounted on the upper end part S of the next lath in the direction of installation . Method of mounting the corner joints of decorative slats for cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower end portion Z, which is of such shape that it fits tightly to the convex shape Sl of the central part of the slats (121), is fixed the lower end portion Z fits snugly into the convex shape S1 of the central part of the slats (121) to make a corner joint. 7. Installation method of decorative railings for fences, characterized in that the rails (92) are mounted on the fence sub-structure, having a thread (95) on one side, which is screwed into nuts (97) on the posts (91) on the other. we stop them in the seat (96) and fix them with a rivet or screw (96), where on the said crossbars (91), the slats (93) are pre-installed at uniform distances between them so that they are mounted on the crossbars (91), where the crossbars (91) pass through the side holes on the slats (93). Installation method for decorative railings according to claim 7, characterized in that the battens are arranged in such a way that all the posts (91) are concealed from the front, and the slats with the grooves can be used to cover the posts (91) from the rear. of claim 3. 9. Facade laths according to claim 1, characterized in that they are made of transparent material, which allows the window openings to be covered, while the open window openings can still be used to bring light into the room, thereby obtaining a facade. lining the integrated window, as well as for covering the light fixtures that are built into the subframe of the façade, exits and the like, thus providing integrated light fixtures in the façade. Installation method for decorative facade laths according to claims 1 and 9, characterized in that the laths are located at least 4 cm from the thermal insulation (53) by which the wall (54) of the building is insulated, on the spacer bracket (55 ) and perforated Z profile (56), where the transparent slats (51) extend over the window surface and end at the line of the window sill, and the window opening is completed by using a perforated sash (Z) in the zone of the resulting ventilation duct (Z). 58), which is made of the same material as the opaque facade slats (52), so that the facade substructure remains hidden and the ventilation of the premises in the building through the window opening (59) is preserved. Use of decorative slats according to claim 9, characterized in that they cover the light fixtures which are built into the subframe of facades, abandons and the like, thereby providing integrated light fixtures for the facade for illuminating stairways, entrances, balconies, yards, footpaths, surroundings of the house and the like. 12. Decorative slats (101, 102), characterized in that all the features are substantially the same as the decorative railings for the fence, except that the side edges are drawn outwards to obtain a flange (105) surrounding the slats where the paint is said slats (101, 102) may be arbitrary, preferably dark or black. Use of a decorative rail for a fence according to claim 2, characterized in that two battens (101, 102) are assembled and watertight by the pairs, thereby obtaining a hollow waterproof body of volume 6 to 10 liters, by connecting several vertically arranged bodies connected in a net of at least ten bodies with standard plumbing fixtures (pipes, fittings) and adequate connection to cold water (V) and hot water abstraction (I) and high pressure protection (111), we obtain a solar collector which is solar rays can reach from all sides.