SI21178A - Self-adjusting tongs - Google Patents

Abstract

The aim of the submitted invention is to provide the most simply adjustable self-adjusting tongs, consisting of two interconnected levers (1, 2) which can be rotated at least on a limited scale one against the other, and can also be translated one against the other. They consist of a base lever (1) and an auxiliary lever (2), each of them consisting of an operating leg (11, 21) and a gripping leg (12, 22), while on the base lever (1) there is a longitudinal opening (15), which features a gearing (152) on the surface (151) looking towards the operation legs (11, 21). On the auxiliary lever (2) there is a locking element (25) also featuring a gearing (252) provided to interact with the earlier mentioned gearing (152) of the longitudinal opening (15) in the base leg (1). This task can be solved by fitting one handle (217, 227) rotationally on each of the gripping legs (12, 22), while the handles are held in the direction against the corresponding gripping leg (12, 22), and at the same time also against the operating legs (11, 21), while the specified handles (217, 227) of the gripping legs (12, 22) are interconnected with the option of reciprocal rotation.

Description

UNIOR Blacksmith industry d.d.

MPK ⁷ : B 25 B 07/04

Self-adjusting forceps

The invention falls within the field of hand tools, namely the field of self-adjusting pliers. i.e. pliers adapted for gripping and compressing objects and for which one-handed adjustment of not only the openness of the working arms but also the openness of the gripping arms is possible.

The invention is based on the problem of how to design as simple as possible self-adjusting pliers, in which self-adjustability can be ensured with only small modifications or. finishing of previously known and used semi-finished products, especially forgings, from which conventional non-self-adjusting pliers are made. so that at considerably lower cost of manufacture, with such sophisticated pliers, the already established and well-known dimensions and ratios could be retained, especially e.g. the angle between the gripping surfaces of the working arms and the gripping arms of both levers; at the same time, without any possibility of unintentional snapping or blocking in any position of the levers, the pliers should be able to withstand all the stresses which they are exposed to during use.

Self-adjusting pliers are known e.g. of U.S. Pat. No. 5,351,584, consisting of two levers arranged side by side and articulated to one another, in such a way that one lever is provided with an elongated hole through which a somber is inserted, which is fixedly fixed to the remaining lever. In this way, the levers are rotated towards each other by a certain angle, and at the same time they are also translatomally movable relative to each other. Each of the levers essentially consists of a working arm and a gripping arm, the working arms being located at one end of the pivot or pivot. the linkage areas between the levers and the gripping arms at the opposite end. In said elongated hole, there are teeth on the longitudinal surface disposed closer to the working arms of the levers, with which a snap element is engaged, which is rotatably mounted on said bolt in the area of said elongated hole. The locking element together with said teeth forms the locking mechanism of the pliers. Furthermore, an adjustment mechanism is provided between the two pliers levers in the area of the gripping arms to allow the respective arms to be adjusted to one another. This mechanism consists of a rotatable and slidingly movable lever which is slidably rested in one longitudinal groove at one end by one end, and its other end is also slidably restrained by a groove in the remaining lever. Such clamps should allow the working arms to be unbuttoned when gripping an object of a certain diameter or thickness by loosening the gripping arms, and then, when the gripping arms are pressed, they can be loosened in the direction of each other in the desired position, in which the two gripping arms are open. of the spokes allows each user to effectively continue one-handed squeezing of the pliers. For this purpose, the first pressing of the pliers causes the pressure of the working arms on the surface of the pressed object, after which the snapping mechanism by skipping the latch through a certain number of cooperating teeth, in addition to the mutual rotation of the two, also enables the necessary translational and mutual movement of the levers into the position when, when properly opened the working arms are also extended to the desired extent. When, in this position, the latch snaps into place between the corresponding lugs, effective pressing is provided in the desired position of the gripping arms. Such pliers are therefore essentially capable of effectively compressing objects of different diameters or thicknesses at all times suitable for each user, the most favorable distance between the two gripping arms.

One possible implementation of this solution, however, is also available to the public from US Des. 405,333. In this embodiment, one of the levers is provided with an elongate longitudinally extending hole through the back of the leg through which the remaining lever is inserted through this lever. This one is fitted with a fixed bolt. which is inserted through a further / elongated through hole on the first lever, said transverse hole being transverse to said elongated hole to receive the second lever and thus passing through both lateral surfaces of the lever. Those surfaces through the lateral walls of the elongated running hole, which are facing the working arms of the levers, are provided with teeth with which the snap element engages. The mechanism, which, in addition to the aforementioned toothed surfaces and the locking element, enables self-adjusting of the pliers, is essentially the same as that of the pliers according to

US 5,351,584. For example, these pliers may be e.g. forged and distinguished for durability, even in this case there is the possibility of accidental snapping or. locking in a certain position, in addition, the installation of the mechanism requires a completely new design of lever pliers from e.g. produced and used so far, which means a completely different production preparation including making drowning, and for the user a completely different feeling in the hand and therefore a completely different concept of use.

The very design of the two pliers discussed so far is linked to many problems, not least by some previous (e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 4,802,390 or U.S. Pat. No. 4,993,350) and later patents (U.S. Pat. No. 6,199,459) by virtually the same subject. The fact is that the pliers are usable in different positions, so that their components are exposed to different loading conditions, but also that they are hand tools that can be exposed to shocks, falls, dust, impurities, grease, moisture and other influences. The very fabrication of longitudinal grooves in the gripping arms is extremely problematic, for example. in the aforementioned U.S. Pat. No. 5,351,584, an attempt was made to ensure that the levers consist of two differently shaped lamellae that are interconnected by riveting. The pliers designed in this way may be a little easier to manufacture, but they are rather inconvenient, and especially unreliable, because due to the very normal loading condition, the rivet joints between the blades can be loosened over time, and every minor loosening only aggravates the condition. In addition, the operation of the locking and guiding mechanism can be significantly different when the pliers are located e.g. in horizontal or vertical position. The latter have also been attempted to be solved by the spring support of the lever of the steering mechanism in various cases, which is the subject of the aforementioned prior and subsequent patents. Any such action further complicates the design and execution of longitudinally grooved grooves in the gripping arms, which in each case are also exposed to the intrusion of dust, particles and similar influences, which can significantly complicate or even disrupt the operation of the pliers. However, none of the Applicants known cases of such pliers can be counted on with the possibility of using only slightly modified or slightly modified pliers as a semi-finished product for pliers. Finished semi-finished products, such as are already available in the regular production of conventional non-self-adjusting pliers. If both mechanisms, i.e. snap and guide mechanism, simply attached to the levers of commonly used combined or gripping pliers or tube clamps, would make such pliers completely dysfunctional, inactive and useless. In addition, the design of the quoted pliers does not offer the desired convenience and ergonomic compliance with the requirements and expectations of the user, used to use pliers that are not self-adjusting. It is a hand tool, in which these ergonomic requirements definitely represent an important part of the technical problem which must be taken into account in the invention. Therefore, in the known solutions cited, serious concerns and resistance from the users used to using the pliers available so far cannot be avoided.

The present invention is concerned with self-adjusting pliers, consisting of two interconnected, at least to a limited extent relative to each other rotatable and at the same time relative to each other translationally movable levers, namely from the basic lever and the auxiliary lever, each of which consists of a working arm and gripper arm. An elongated hole is provided on the base lever, which is equipped with a tooth on the working surface facing the workpiece. On the auxiliary lever there is a snap element, which is equipped with a tooth intended to engage with the previously mentioned tooth of an elongated hole in the base arm. According to the invention, one arm is pivotally attached to each of the gripping arms, which is held in the direction of the respective gripping arm and at the same time also to the working arms, said arms being connected to each other, preferably by means of a som, with the possibility of rotation . In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a lever is rotatably attached to the gripper arm of the main lever by means of a tensile spring, which is secured on one side to said arm and, on the other, to said arm, held in the direction of said arm and at the same time against the working arms. at the same time, a lever is attached to the gripper arm of the auxiliary lever by means of a twist, which is, on the one hand, attached to said arm and, on the other, to said arm, held in the direction of said arm and at the same time against the working arms, wherein the two arms are pivotally interconnected by a bolt. Also provided is a locking mechanism consisting of a latch which is pivotally mounted on the gripping arm of the auxiliary lever and adapted for snapping into the area of the recess available on a lever which is pivotally connected to the gripping arm of the auxiliary lever. At the same time, a serrated elongated guide-snap element is also provided in the toothed elongated hole of the basic lever, which is intended to guide the auxiliary lever along the elongated hole of the basic lever during inter-translational displacement, except for locking its teeth into the toothed elongated holes of the basic lever.

The invention will now be further concretized by an embodiment of the pliers shown in the accompanying drawing, with FIG. 1 self-adjusting pliers according to the invention, in open or open uncompressed and in outline;

FIG. 2 self-adjusting pliers according to the invention, in compressed condition and in outline;

FIG. 3 self-adjusting pliers while holding an object of greater thickness, in outline;

FIG. 4 self-adjusting pliers while holding an object of greater thickness, in outline.

The pliers according to the invention consist of two levers 1,2, each comprising a working arm 11,21 and a gripping arm 12, 22 and which are interconnected with the possibility of at least a limited interlocking rotation and at the same time at least a limited translatome movement. For this purpose, one of the levers 1, 2, namely the basic lever 1, is provided with an elongated through hole 15 extending in its longitudinal direction, while the associated auxiliary lever 2 is provided with a pivot-fastening element 25 which is pivotally secured. at said auxiliary lever 2 in the area of the elongated hole 15 of the primary lever 1. In this case, the auxiliary lever 2 may be either inserted e.g. through a further through hole in the primary lever 1. or the levers 1, 2 are arranged side by side or respectively. In the light of the foregoing, they are in any other way connected.

The working arms 11, 21 of the levers 1, 2 can be executed exactly the same as for other non-self-adjusting pliers used so far. Similarly, the gripping arms 12, 22 of the levers 1, 2 can be made in the same shape and dimensions as the arms of hitherto available and commonly used forceps, which makes it absolutely easy to use the previously known forceps and forceps according to the invention in terms of convenience and ergonomic features. In addition, thanks to retaining the present shape, dimensions and proportions in the manufacture of pliers according to the invention, it is possible to use semi-finished products, which are available thanks to existing technology, materials and tools. All this represents the great practical value of the solution according to the invention, which can thus be realized in a simple and inexpensive way, and especially without significant economic risk.

In the case of the pliers according to the invention, in the area of the elongated hole 15 of the base arm 1. in which the guide-snap element 25 of the auxiliary arm 2 is mounted, the longitudinal surface 151, which is arranged closer to the working arms 11, 21 of the levers 1, 2, toothed or. equipped with a tooth 152.

Said tooth 152 consists of a string along said side of equidistantly arranged substantially sawed, triangularly shaped teeth 1521, each consisting of a surface at least substantially orthogonal to said surface 151 of an elongated hole 15, as well as a trimmed surface that runs obliquely outwards and downwards, respectively. in the direction of the gripping arm 12 of the primary lever 1.

In the region of said elongated hole 15, a guide-snap element 25 disposed, which is optionally pivotally supported at least to a limited extent on the auxiliary arm 2 at least to a limited extent, is also provided on its surface 251 adjacent to the toothed surface 151. with a tooth 252 adapted to engage with the tooth 152 on the inner surface 151 of the elongated hole 15 of the basic lever 1. This means that the tooth 252 also consists of a series along the said side, equidistantly arranged, substantially sawed or. triangularly designed teeth 2521 that can be inserted into the available gaps between the teeth 1521 of tooth 152 at the base lever 1.

Furthermore, for the pliers according to the invention, the gripping arms 12, 22 of the levers 1, 2 are interconnected by means of levers 127, 227, which are articulated with each other, namely by the possibility of interlocking, which is optionally made possible by the som 177. on the other hand, each of the said arms 127, 227 is articulated respectively. with the possibility of rotation attached to the corresponding gripping arm 12, 22, In the present case, therefore, the lever 217 is articulated to the associated gripping arm 12 of the primary lever 1 by means of the som 21, and the lever 227 to the associated gripping arm 22 of the auxiliary lever 2 by means of the som 2270. Further, each of said arms 217, 218 is held in the direction of the respective gripping arm 12, 22 and simultaneously in the direction of the working arms 11, 21, which is optionally realized by means of springs 218, 228, which are shown in a schematic diagram . Thus, a tensile spring 218 is attached to the lever 217, which, in the other hand, is attached to the gripping arm 12, in this case also, in the immediate vicinity of the elongated hole 15. In a completely analogous manner, a tensile spring 228 is attached, which is on the other hand, they are attached to the corresponding gripping arm 22, again in the shown case, just near the base arm 1 or. elongate holes 15 in it.

Since each of the said arms 217, 227 is held in the direction of the respective gripping arm 12, 22 and at the same time against the working arms 11, 21, the arms 217, 227 generally have

-7tend to occupy the position as shown in FIG. 1. In this case, the gripping arms 12, 22 are open, and their rotation in the direction of each other is directed against the holding force of the arms 217, 227, if necessary against the force of the spring 218, 228. according to the invention kept in a compressed position, i.e. in the position where the gripping arms 12, 22 are adjacent to one another, a locking assembly 229 is provided, consisting of a latch 2290 and a recess 2279, which is provided for this purpose on the lever arm 227 of the auxiliary lever 2. The latch 2290 itself is pivotally fastened to the gripping arm 22 of the auxiliary lever 2.

In the present example, only the variant is shown in the drawing, in which the lever 218 is attached to the gripping arm 12 of the basic lever 1 in the area provided for this purpose, the projections 219, it will certainly be understood by the person skilled in the art that in the case of the need to eliminate this projection 219 it is thus possible to make a suitable recess in the arm 12 itself, in which case the articulated attachment of the arm 217 to the arm 12 would extend to the required area of that arm 217. It will be further understood by one skilled in the art that the solution of holding the arms 217, 227 by means of tension springs 218 is provided. 228 is only one of the possible solutions, and that the arms 217, 227 can be held in the desired direction also by means of different springs, for example, by means of special springs mounted on one side around said arms 217, 227 and on the other attached to their respective springs. arms 12, 22 levers 1, 2.

In FIG. 3 and 4 show the operation of the pliers according to the invention, namely, the pliers while gripping either an object of relatively small thickness (Fig. 3) or an object of relatively large thickness (Fig. 4). As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, when gripping each available object, the two levers 1, 2 of the pliers each take a different position, with their working arms 11, 21 in each case resting on the available surfaces of the retained object, which is firmly supported by these working arms. 11, 21, and at the same time, their gripping arms 12, 22 are in each case open only in such a way that each user is enabled to effectively squeeze the gripping arms 12, 22 for one hand in order to effectively hold or hold. squeezing a holding object.

The operation of the pliers according to the invention is accomplished by releasing the latch assembly 229, which means that the latch 2290 must be removed from the corresponding recess 2279. According to this measure, the levers 1, 2 are rotatable relative to each other and, at least to a limited extent, also translatomally movable.

The gripping arms 12, 22 show an opening tendency which is easily controlled by the user with a suitable hand grip in which he holds the pliers. When the user places the pliers on the holding object, the working arms 11,21 rests on the surface of the held object. The compression of the gripping arms 12, 22 in addition to the rotation of the levers 1, 2 around the guide-latch 25 also causes the translatome to move the levers 1, 2, which is made possible by the movement / slide of the guide-latch 25 along the elongated hole 15, which can be done all until the toothed alignment of the teeth 152, 252 is established. This rotational and simultaneous translational movement of the levers 1, 2 always allows the gripping arms 12, 22 to be positioned in the desired position, thereby changing the position of the guide latch 25 in the elongated hole 15, and the working arms 11, 21 of the levers 1, 2 remain in contact with the surfaces of the object in each case. After establishing to further compress the suitable position of the gripping arms 12, 22, the position of the guide-latching element 25 is locked by the pinion of the teeth 2521 of its tooth 252 in the gap between the teeth 1521 of the tooth 152 on the corresponding surface 151 of the elongated hole 15. Henceforth, any interlocking movement of the levers 1 is prevented. pliers in terms of mutual translation, but still each of their mutual rotation, which is necessary for the squeezing of the held object, is still possible.

On the basis of the foregoing, it is understood that, while compressing a thin object, the guide element 25 is located at the end of the elongated hole 15, which is arranged closer to the working arm 11 of the basic lever 1, and, while compressing the thicker object, at the opposite end of the elongate hole 15, which is otherwise illustrative. also shown in FIG. 3 and 4.

Claims (5)

PATENT APPLICATIONS 1. Self-adjusting pliers consisting of two interconnected, at least to a limited extent relative to each other rotatable and simultaneously relative to each other translatome movable levers (1, 2), namely from the primary lever (1) and the auxiliary lever (2), each consisting of a working arm (11, 21) and a gripping arm (12, 22), provided that an elongated hole (15) is provided on the base lever (1) that faces the working arms (11, 21) (151) equipped with a tooth (152), and having a locking element (25) provided on the auxiliary lever (2) provided with a tooth (252) intended to engage with the previously mentioned tooth (152) of the elongated hole (15) ) in the base arm (1), characterized in that one arm (217, 227) is pivotally attached to each of the gripping arms (12, 22), which is held in the direction of the respective gripping arm (12, 22) and at the same time against the working arms (11,21), with the said arms (217, 227) the gripping arms (12, 22) are interconnected by the possibility of interlocking. Self-adjusting pliers according to claim 1, characterized in that one arm (217, 227) is held pivotally on each of the gripping arms (12, 22), which is held in the direction in each direction by means of a spring (218, 228). the corresponding gripping arm (12, 22) and at the same time against the working arms (11, 21), said arms (217, 227) being interconnected by means of a snap (177), with the possibility of rotating each other. Self-adjusting pliers according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a lever (217) is pivotally attached to the gripping arm (12) of the main lever (1) by means of a tension spring (218) the sides attached to said lever (217) and, on the other hand, to said lever (12), held in the direction of said lever (12) and at the same time to the working levers (11, 21), and to the supporting lever (22) of the auxiliary lever (2) by means of a catfish (2270), a pivotally attached lever (227), by means of a tensile spring (228), which is fastened on one hand to said lever (227) and, on the other, to said arm (22), held in the direction of said arm (22) and at the same time against the working arms (11, 21), said arms (217, 227) being pivotally interconnected by means of a catcher (177). -1010 Self-adjusting pliers according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a locking mechanism (229) consists of a latch (2290), which is pivotally secured to the gripping arm (22) of the auxiliary lever (2) and adapted for snapping mounting in the recess area (2279) provided on a lever (227) which is pivotably connected to said gripping arm (22) of the auxiliary lever (2). Self-adjusting pliers according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a toothed guide-snap-element (25) is also provided in the toothed elongated hole (151) of the base lever (25), which, except for locking its teeth ( 252) to the teeth (152) of the elongated holes (15) of the primary lever (1) also provided for guiding the auxiliary lever (2) along the elongated hole (15) of the basic lever (1) during the translatomal movement of said levers (1,2).