SI20686A - Driving system with flexible and longitudinally smooth transmission means - Google Patents

Abstract

Subject of the invention is a driving system with flexible and longitudinally smooth transmission means for vehicles driven by manpower, which allows the transformation of oscillatory movement into continuous rotation with a two-sided feet drive, preferably with driving wheels of extremely small external diameter. Four types of the invention are presented with various optional implementations as well as applications for the installation in different vehicles driven by muscular power, and by using different flexible and longitudinally smooth transmission means (19, 19') like: steel ropes, steel ropes shielded with plastic types of material, steel bands (in similar quality as the steel band of a technical meter), plastic bands (polypropylene or similar types of material), plastic or rubber coated steel bands, smooth, rubber coated textile bands etc.

Description

The subject of the invention is a propulsion system with foldable and longitudinally smooth knife-driven transmission means that enables the conversion of oscillating motion into continuous rotation by double-pedal propulsion, preferably in the case of very small external diameter drive wheels. The propulsion system is intended for converting straight and up-and-down pedal movements with small and vertically restricted movement, preferably driven by the feet, into a circular motion of the drive wheel.

The invention belongs to class B 62 M 1/14 of the international patent classification.

A technical problem that the present propulsion system of the invention successfully solves is such a structural solution for propulsion with the legs of the propelled vehicle, which, due to other design and operational requirements, has a distinctively small propeller wheel, preferably smaller than 200 mm outer diameter. In order to achieve adequate driving speed, the system must provide a continuously higher number of revolutions than is required for larger wheels, which in condition of known drive systems is necessarily conditioned by a disproportionate increase in drive losses, whereby the proposed mechanism of the invention reduces energy losses on power transmission from drivers of the legs into continuous rotation, also by significantly reducing the sinusoidal losses that are characteristic of converting the rotational movements of the driver's legs at a known two-wheel drive.

The proposed structural solution of the propulsion system according to the invention thus solves the problem of constructing such continuous (continuous) propulsion, which must ensure the conversion of straight motion and two-way vertical movement of the driver's legs in continuous rotation without actual rotation of the driver's legs, since the rotation of the legs in comparison with the natural motions made by them it causes a person to walk, it is neither physiologically natural nor medically sound. Thus, the propulsion mechanism according to the invention enables the driver to perform propulsive movements that are almost identical to the trajectory of movement of the legs while walking, whereby the sinusoidal loss due to the direction of the action of the force of the driver's feet on the drive medium relative to the eliminated rotation of the legs is significantly reduced or in some possible embodiments , almost negligibly small. The proposed propulsion mechanism also eliminates the energy loss that occurs with known transmission systems for transmitting force with a linearly moving gear such as: a chain or drive belt to a rotating medium, such as: a sprocket or pulley, since all known systems operate based on slip elimination and maximum friction between the two machine elements. Even if we exclude typical "friction" transmissions that operate on the basis of markedly increased friction between e.g. flat belts and smooth cylindrical shaped pulleys and when transmitting power can cause as much as 50% mechanical loss, practical measurements prove that even chain drives in their practical applications e.g. on two-wheelers, they can cause mechanical losses in excess of 22% of the transmitted power. Unlike the one described above, the total energy losses are shown to a lesser degree and only in the drive mechanism of the invention, which, by means of flexible and smooth drive ropes or conveyor belts which are indivisibly attached to the cords or reels and subsequently wound onto them, io the internal tensile and flexural stresses of the drive lines or straps used; since the drive mechanism according to the invention does not operate on the basis of increased friction. The proposed solution makes it possible to transform the force generated by pushing the driver's foot into the maximum driving torque, which is only possible by significantly extending the length of the pedal or. pedal lever and, with the appropriate technical solution of the gear ratio on transmission to the drive wheel, as it is known that, in the normal pedal drive of a bicycle, due to the requirement for rotation of the pedal levers, their length is substantially limited, the size of the corresponding pedal sprocket is limited in relation to the length it is technically impossible to arbitrarily reduce the dimensions of the significantly smaller output sprocket attached to the drive wheel, since they are defined by the characteristics of the chain, all of which limit the increase in gear ratio for known propulsion systems of the foot drive of the vehicle, which instead of the typical gear ratio of 3: 1 between pedal sprockets and sprockets, for the drive wheel diameter used, e.g. 100 mm in diameter, should be approx. 20: 1 to achieve the same driving speed.

All conventional means of transmitting force or torque up to now have not been smooth and smooth, since they have acted precisely on the basis of the high friction that the transmission means exerts on the rotating medium, such as. chain to sprocket, rotation, transmission and rotation of the sprocket. The same applies to the timing belt and pulley, as well as to the V-belt, which operates on markedly increased rolling friction, thus causing even greater mechanical losses than the aforementioned means, io Ideally, and almost without mentioning mechanical losses, the power transfer works at a completely smooth bend. tape fastened in one place and then wound on a suitable reel. When pulling the strap in the radial direction, the reel-mounted reel rotates on the axis, and even at extremely high power levels, extremely small mechanical losses are achieved. The downside of such a conversion from linear pulling of the belt into the rotation of the reel, however, lies in the limited length of the reel, which after its unwinding requires rewinding, whereby in principle the reel must rotate in the opposite direction. Therefore, in known drive system designs, the aforementioned problem is the main reason that, when converting a two-way, straight-line motion of a vehicle into rotation, it is primarily the transmission means that cause high friction between the vehicle and the rotating element. Increased mechanical losses are also a necessary companion with every increase in friction.

The propulsion system of the invention utilizes in its operation the aforementioned effect of "unwinding" a smooth strip or rope from a reel or cord to which the strap or steel braid is centrally fastened and then wound, whereby force transfer operates at minimal or extremely small losses, since Rotation of the reel or rope intended for propulsion actively consumes more than 97% of the energy input. The losses due to such direct and direct transfer of power to the drive wheel via the winding disc and blocked and roller-mounted one-way rotary locks are therefore extremely small and relate only to the direct input of power to the drive wheel. The slightly larger losses resulting from the rewinding of the strap to the reel and the simultaneous lifting of the foot are indirect and are only subtracted from the part of the input power used for the said process so that, in the aggregate, the transmission losses of the new propulsion system of the invention , may not exceed substantially more than 15% of those losses that are characteristic of known and regularly used power transmission drive gear.

The construction solution of the new propulsion mechanism according to the invention provides an energy-efficient propulsion system of the knife propulsion with the built-in extremely small propeller wheel, which preferably does not exceed

45 - 150 mm of outer diameter and is easy to manufacture and suitable for installation and use on new devices that have a steering system similar to a skateboard or pedestrian driven scooter. In physiological and technical terms, the basic differences in the leg-drive system stem from the fact that effective steering characteristic of the skateboard requires the longitudinal positioning of the combined and swinging pedal with longitudinally positioned pedals in relation to the running direction, steering and mechanical drive of the scooter, due to the driver's standing position. front pedal lever with pedals rearward-facing, while effective steering and mechanical operation of the mini-bicycle, due to the driver's seated position, requires rear pedal mounting with pedals positioned in front of the entire vehicle.

The invention is presented in four embodiments, and in several variants and applications, for use on different vehicles driven by the muscular force of the driver and the use of various flexible and longitudinally smooth transmission means such as: steel braids, plastic-coated steel braids, steel tapes (of a similar shape and quality to a technical tape steel tape), plastic tapes (polypropylene or similar materials), plastic or rubberised steel tapes, smooth, rubberized textile tapes, etc.

The invention will be explained in more detail on the basis of four embodiments of the drive part of the drive system, variant solutions of the drive part of the system according to the invention and pictures of drive and drive system mounted on vehicles driven by the muscular force of the driver, of which shows:

Figure 1.1A is a cross-sectional view of an outlet portion of a drive system according to the invention, according to embodiment I, equipped with winding reels and steel or plastic transfer means in the form of smooth and folding strips and a scheme of winding and unwinding of the transfer means during the operation of the drive;

Fig. 2A, 2A is a cross-sectional view of an output part of a propulsion system according to the invention, according to embodiment II, equipped with io winding discs and steel or plastic transfer means in the form of smooth and folding strips and a scheme of winding and unscrewing the transfer means during actuation of the actuator;

Figure 3, Figure 3A Figure 4, Figure 4A is a cross-sectional view of an output part of a propulsion system according to the invention, according to embodiment II, equipped with spiral cords and steel braids in the form of smooth and folding strips and a scheme of winding and unwinding of the means of transmission during the actuation of the actuator;

cross-section of the drive section of the drive system according to the invention, according to embodiment II, equipped with winding reels and plasticized cylinders in the form of smooth and folding straps and a scheme of winding and unscrewing the means of transport when performing the drive;

5A, 5A is a sectional view of an output part of a drive system according to the invention, according to embodiment III, equipped with two vertical and two horizontal spiral cords and an intermediate steel braid for simultaneous lifting of the opposite pedal and steel or plastic transmission means in the form of smooth and folding strips and a scheme winding up and unscrewing means when executing the drive;

6A, 6A is a cross-sectional view of the drive section of the drive system of the invention according to embodiment III, equipped with four spiral cords and an intermediate steel braid for simultaneous lifting of the opposite pedal and steel or plastic gears in the form of smooth and folding straps and a scheme for winding and unwinding portable funds during the operation of the facility;

7A, 7A is a cross-sectional view of an output part of a drive system according to the invention, according to embodiment IV, equipped with two double and two single wheels equipped with steel or plastic transfer means in the form of smooth and folding strips and a scheme of winding and unwinding of transfer means drives;

8 to 15A variants of single, double or multiple stretching or towing of the transmission vehicle with the left drive pedal presented in a simple, single mode (Figure 8), with a gear ratio (Figures 12 to 13A), a flexural mode (Figures 14 and 14 A) and bending lever mode (Figures 15 and 15A);

Figures 16-30 Propulsion system with foldable and longitudinally smooth gears used and upgraded to a vehicle having steering similar to a conventional skateboard, only to give an added drive, a knife drive of the device having steering similar to a skier and a knife drive of a device having a steering similar to a mini two-wheelers and it is appropriate to add a folding driver's seat.

For converting the bi-directional force into continuous rotation, in all embodiments, two one-way rotary barriers are used, preferably an INA product (BRD) and preferably HFL designs

-1010

1626 or HFL 2026 or HFL 3530, or combinations thereof. A reversible system providing rewinding of the transmission means - strap or rope - to the winding reel or rope and, consequently, simultaneous lifting opposite to the pedal or pedal, may be installed inside the drive wheel, as shown in embodiments I and II, or externally drive wheel - Examples III and IV.

Figure 1 shows an embodiment I of a drive system with folding and longitudinally smooth gears with a reversible belt rewinding system on a drive wheel mounted io inside the drive wheel. In this embodiment, the back winding or "turning effect" system is implemented with a gear system 4, 4 ', 5, 5' wherein the inner gearing of the gear 4 'is constructed or indivisibly connected to the housing of the driven wheel and the entire gear assembly is similar to a planetary gearbox, with the very typical ratio of the number of teeth on the gears being necessary to achieve an even and symmetrical number of turns in the ratio of the gear 4 ', preferably having 50 teeth of module 1.5 or 1 mm and gear 4, which it should have 30 teeth of the same module. Two or four identical double gears 5 and 5 'are supposed to have 12/8 teeth with the same module. The gears shown in the figure in question are different, preferably HFL 2026 and HFL 3530, which allows several times to exceed the safety of operation, and in particular the narrowing of the whole structure and the installation of a stronger and one-sided main center axis 1. Like all others

-1111 pictures of the outlet or invert system, all machine elements are presented in real or in the implementation proportion. In addition to the standard ball bearings 12, there are also several standard axial radial bearings 29 and only axial plain bearings shown in this figure.

30, preferably from INA from BRD. A peculiarity that is necessary to understand the operation of a part of the device according to the first embodiment is that both the folding and smooth transmission means 19, 19 'are fastened to the outlet wheels 18, 18' on them in opposite directions. The means 19 of the reel turns and rotates counterclockwise, and the means 19 'rotates and rotates counterclockwise. Instead of the reels 18, 18 'shown and, in terms of the flexible and smooth transmission means of the tow bars 19, 19' shown, in this embodiment, spiral ropes 15 or reel ropes 16 and the corresponding steel or plastic coated steel braids and other ropes may also be used, strips or suitable folding means. The system works by alternating the pulling of one or the other bending and longitudinally smooth transmission means by the action of the gear pairs of gears 4, 4 ', 5, 5', the second transmission means simultaneously retracts on the output disc 18, the operation of inverted one-way rotary bearings

However, the 2o lock simultaneously enables the entire housing of the driven wheel 10 to be released in the running direction and actuated while towing one or the other gear 19, 19 '. All drawings accompanying Examples 1A through 7A show the directions of pulling and winding of portable

-1212 means used to drive or reverse the drive system of the invention.

Figures 2, 3 and 4 show another embodiment of a propulsion system with foldable and longitudinally smooth gears wherein the gears 4 and 4 'are preferably exactly the same and both have cylindrical axes 6, 6' constructed or indispensable on which are mounted one-way rotary bearing locks, preferably INA / HFL 1626. In this embodiment, both locks are inverted or positioned in the same direction and, with alternate traction of the folding and longitudinally smooth transmission means 19, io 19 ', provide forwards free running and drive of the entire housing 10 driven bikes. Figures 3 and 4 show an identical embodiment with the use of technically different folding and longitudinally smooth transmission means and output rings.

Figures 8 to 15A show variants of single, double, or multiple stretching or towing of the vehicle with the left drive pedal presented in a simple, single way (Fig. 8), with a gear ratio with one larger and one smaller disc combined in one technical unit 22 (Figures 12 to 13A), bending mode (Figures 14 and 14 A) and bending lever mode (Figs 15 and

2o 15A). All the above mentioned pictures show pedals with their pedals turned in the driving direction. Identical effects are also achievable in their mirror layout and in particular in the combinations of variants presented.

-1313

Figures 17 to 23 show variants of the propulsion part of the system with folding and longitudinally smooth gears on a new device having a control characteristic of a conventional skateboard. In addition, the combined drive pedal 25 'can also be implemented as a centrally mounted and with respect to the travel direction, a longitudinal oscillating plate without the addition of angularly restricted feet 26, 26', which is shown in particular in Figure 21. For the sake of stability and Balances should be carried out with the legs of the driver spaced longitudinally and in the travel direction, and controlled by the lateral tilting of the whole center of gravity of the body in the desired travel direction. Unlike other variant cases, in the conditions of the combined pedal body 25 ', the actuation of the actuator is reversed since, when pushing one foot down, the actual actuator implements a means of transmission connected to the opposite pedal or to the pedal, which is in its time lifting. Figures 20 and 21 show alternative and possible embodiments of the drive section of a new device with the new drive system according to the invention, with the addition of a conventional or height adjustable friction brake 27, which is actuated by the driver by reversing the rear drive pedal when it is in motion at a suitable distance from the tire 11 of the driven wheel or directly on the pedal plate 25 'when it is within reach of the driven wheel. Figure 22 also shows an auxiliary steering column, which can be performed as axially quickly removable and can help beginners to use the new device to master the driving technique and maintain balance. On the same presented basis, according to Figures 22 and 23, it is possible to make a combined device on which

-1414 the user can replace the entire steering system and the dual front wheels with the auxiliary steering column, as shown in Figure 22, completely remove and install on the vehicle a single steering wheel as shown in Figure 23. Some of the relevant figures also show compensation the fastening spring 32, which with relatively small and even limited elongation, can protect the folding and longitudinally smooth gears from peak loads and compensate for the slight differences in length that may occur between the lengths of the gears while unwinding one and winding the other. The propulsion system with folding and longitudinally smooth IO means shown in Figures 16 - 23 may also be mounted on the vehicle in a transversely mounted combined pedal 25 'with respect to the running direction of the vehicle, preferably using steel ropes as a means of transport or when used. combined and technically distinct gears used directly on the pedal system 25, 25 ', is 25'.

Figure 24 illustrates a possible embodiment of a propulsion system of the invention with forward facing pedals, which is characteristic of the propulsion of a two-wheeler and dual wheels or twine 22 to further increase the length of effective traction.

Figure 25 shows one of the typically possible designs of a new propulsion system according to the invention with differently sized wheels or slings 21 for pushing and pulling the vehicle, which enables special traction effects.

-1515

Figures 26-29 show the possible effects of traction on the parallelogram design of the pedals in the raised and lowered positions whereby the gear levers 34, 34 'are added on the pedal 26, 26', whose rotations achieve a substantially changed lever ratio in the torque relation provided by the driver causes by pushing the pedal and the effective pulling lengths of the folding and longitudinally smooth gear 19, 19 '. The propulsion system shown would be suitable for mounting on a vehicle that can be driven and driven into stands or, with the addition of, preferably a folding seat, also seats.

io Figure 30 shows an alternative embodiment of a propulsion system according to the invention having a lever system for extending or shortening a portion of the active movement of the propeller pedal 23, 23 'relative to the effective length of the traction of the vehicle. The rotatable and longitudinally adjustable clamps 35, 35 'of the levers 23, 23' of the levers 23, 23 'can be fixed in a known manner at any point of the levers 23, 23', thereby significantly changing the lengths of the effective displacements of the reels or ropes 21, 2Γ, which in turn changes the overall gear ratio of the drive. Using the known means presented in the form of return springs, levers and sheathing of guided steel braids, the shown system can also be implemented in the form of a driving or working gearbox.

Claims (21)

PATENT APPLICATIONS 1. A propulsion system with foldable and longitudinally smooth transmission means, 5 that a suitable system of gear pairs (4,4 ', 5,5') is provided inside the drive wheel housing (10), which have one-way rotary stop bearings (7,7 ') mounted on their cylindrical extensions (6,6') in the opposite place are alternatively mounted single or double output discs (18,18 '), spiral output rope (15,15') or disc output rope (16,16 '), to which they are centrally attached and in a known manner bent folding and longitudinally smooth transmission means (19.19 '). 2. Propulsion system with foldable and longitudinally smooth means of transport, characterized in that, outside the housing (10) of the driven wheel, there are pivoting axes (9 ', 9) on which the rotating rotary ropes (16,16') are arranged around which is a coiled transmission means (17) in the form of a steel, plastic or plastic lined rope or a rotary axis (9) on which a spiral rotary rope (15, 15 ') or a retractable rotary rope are mounted 2o (16, 16 ') around which a reversible conveyor (17', 17,17 ', 17) is wound in the form of a steel, plastic or plastic lanyard or strap, both ends of which are secured and wound on the ropes (15,15' , 16,16 '), with spiral output ropes (15,15') -1717 may also be part of a split main axis (1 ', 1) on which both halves are fitted with one-way rotary locks (7.7'), which are attached to their outer housings by a drive wheel housing (10) and are portable means (19 , 19 ') fastened and wound on casting discs (18,18') fastened to 5 both halves of the center axes (1 ', 1). 3. Propulsion system with folding and longitudinally smooth transmission means, characterized in that an idle axis (1) is mounted in the geometric center of the driven wheel (10), in which the cylindrical axes (6,6 *) are mounted in a known manner. one-way rotary barriers (7.7 ') and to whose opposite ends two reels (16.18) and (16', 18 ') or ropes are attached and are fastened to and wrapped on or wound by ribbons or braids which attached to its opposite place and wrapped on a reel or 15 a string (16, 16 ') which is attached to an additional axis (9) of the rotary system, with at least one pair being a reel of reels or ropes (16, 16) or (16', 16 '), a turning strip or a braid ( 17, 17 ') in one of its places is mounted and wound in the opposite direction from all others. 20 Propulsion system with foldable and longitudinally smooth transmission means according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that -1818 that the drive shaft (1) is freely stationary, made in a compact, fully stationary manner, and is wedged (3, 3 ') or otherwise protected against its rotation relative to the main carrier (8) of the drive section of the drive system. Propulsion system with foldable and longitudinally smooth transmission means according to claims 2 and 4, characterized in that the main drive axle is made of two separate parts (T, 1) which are interconnected in each other, preferably by sliding bearing (29). Propulsion system with folding and longitudinally smooth transmission means according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, when pulling and unrolling the first folding and longitudinally smooth transmission means (19), opposite or the second transfer means (19 ') fold and longitudinally smooth the transfer means on its output disc (18'), rope (16 ') or rope (15') while pulling and unrolling the second folding and longitudinally smooth transfer 20 means (19 '), the first smooth transfer means (19) bend and longitudinally smooth the transfer means on its output disc (18), rope (16) or rope (15). -1919 Propulsion system with folding and longitudinally smooth transmission means according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the folding and longitudinally smooth transmission means (19,19 ') 5 used to transfer power between drive pedals (25.25 ') as alternately winding and unrolling means on output wheels (18.18'), on a spiral output line (15.15 ') or on a drive output line (16, 16 '), with simultaneous lifting opposite to the pedal (25.25') using gear transmissions of gear pairs of io (4.4 ', 5.5') mounted inside the housing (10) of the driven wheel or instead of turning belts ( 17,17 ') and rotary pulleys (16,16'), with gearings of properly sized and shaped gear pairs (4,4 ', 5,5'), mounted in a known manner on the drive axles (1, Γ) or on the cylindrical axes (6, 6 ') and, on the other hand, the additional axle (9) of the rotary is system, outside the housing (10) of the driven wheel. 8. Propulsion system with folding and longitudinally smooth transmission means according to claims 2 to 7, characterized in that 20 that flexible and longitudinally smooth transmission means (19,19 ') are used as turning belts or turning braids (17, 17') and any known technical means such as chains and sprockets, other belt designs, are used to connect to the pedal system. and -2020 Pulleys, reels and belts, gear pairs with or without gear ratio, or manual lever transmission from pedals (25,25 ') on axles (1,1', 1) or on axles (6, 6 '). s Propulsion system with folding and longitudinally smooth transmission means according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the pulling of the folding and longitudinally smooth transmission means (19,19 ') is carried out by winding it to a preferably increased diameter io winding reel, which is centrally attached to the center mounting of the drive pedal (25). 10. Propulsion system with foldable and longitudinally smooth transmission means according to claims 1 to 8, 15, characterized in that the towing of the folding and longitudinally smooth transmission means (19,19 ') is carried out by its single bending towing via a reel (21) mounted on the supporting rod (24) of the device on which the actuator is operated. Propulsion system with foldable and longitudinally smooth transmission means according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that -2121 that the pulling of a folding and longitudinally smooth transmission means (19,19 ') is carried out by its double, triple or multiple bending pulling through the wheels (21,21', 21,2Γ, 21) mounted on the rods (24) of the device where we drive and to the appropriate location 5 drive pedal bodies (25). Propulsion system with folding and longitudinally smooth transmission means according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that io the pulling of the folding and longitudinally smooth transmission means (19,19 ') is carried out by using a double disc (22) or a rope for changing the gear ratio of the vehicle towing, wherein the folding and smooth gear is interrupted into two separate segments of which one segment (19) is fixed in one place 15 to the output disc (18) at its opposite end to the larger double disc disc (22) and the second segment (19 ') to one smaller place to the smaller double disc disc (22) and directly to the drive pedal at its opposite end (25) or on a disc or rope (21) for towing a transmission vehicle. Propulsion system with foldable and longitudinally smooth transmission means according to claims 1 to 12, characterized in that -2222 that towage of a folding and longitudinally smooth means of transport (19,19 ') is carried out by combinations of reels or straps (20) for guiding a folding and longitudinally smooth means of transport, reels or straps (21) for pulling or pushing the means of transport and double 5 wheels or pulleys (22) for changing the gear ratio of the transmission of the vehicle, resulting in a multiple of effective axial traction of the folding and longitudinally smooth gear (19) relative to the length of the traction caused directly by the movement of the drive pedal (25). 14. Propulsion system with folding and longitudinally smooth gears according to claims 1 to 13, characterized in that pedals (25 '), which are arranged longitudinally along the driving direction, are provided. 15 combined into one body with separate and angularly movable feet (26,26 '), the effective drive of the drive wheel housing (10) is carried out by pulling a folding and longitudinally smooth means while raising the foot (26) and when the downward force acts on the opposite pedal (26 '). 20 15. Propulsion system with foldable and longitudinally smooth transmission means according to claims 1 to 14, characterized in that -2323 that the control of the driving direction of the device by means of pedals grouped in one pedal (25 ') equipped with longitudinally mounted pedals (26,26') is carried out in a manner characteristic of the driving direction of the skate, respectively, with simultaneous lateral tilting of both legs and the whole of the driver's body relative to the driving direction of the device with a propulsion system with folding and longitudinally smooth gears. Propulsion system with foldable and longitudinally smooth gears according to claims 1 to 14, io characterized in that the braking of the device is by means of pedals grouped in one pedal (25 ') equipped with longitudinally mounted pedals (26,26 '), actuated by a brake (27) mounted on the rear (26) pedal with respect to the travel direction and whose reverse rotation permits the application of the brake pressure (27) to the tire 15 (11) driven wheels of a device with an integral propulsion system with foldable and longitudinally smooth transmission means. 17. Propulsion system with foldable and longitudinally smooth transmission means according to claims 1 to 14, 20, characterized in that the control of the driving direction of the device by pedals grouped in one pedal (25 ') equipped with longitudinally mounted pedals (26,26') is carried out in such a way that it is actuated by the propulsion system s -2424 folding and longitudinally smooth gears, added steering system characteristic of steering of scooter or two-wheeler. Propulsion system with foldable and longitudinally smooth gears, 5 according to claims 1 to 12, characterized in that both drive pedals (25,25 ') are mounted in their pivots in close proximity to the centreline of the driven wheel and that when not driven, they can be reversed on the axles (33,33 ') of their io mountings by a little less than a full circle, thus enabling the entire vehicle to be folded more easily by means of folding and longitudinally smooth gears. 19. Propulsion system with foldable and longitudinally smooth transmission means according to claims 1 to 12, 15, characterized in that both the folding and the longitudinally smooth transmission means (19,19 ') are secured in their places opposite to their attachment to the output wheels (18,18') by means of a carrier (24) or a lever (23) or to the pedal (25.25 ') via the mounting springs (32.32'). 20. Propulsion system with foldable and longitudinally smooth transmission means according to claims 1 to 12, characterized in that -2525 that, on both feet (26, 26 ') or on their lever rods (23.23', 23.23 '), an angularly adjustable gear lever (34.34') is attached, the angular displacement of which, when actuated, is consequently extended, or shortens the effective tow length of both gears (19.19 '). Propulsion system with foldable and longitudinally smooth gears according to claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the two feet (26,26 ') are connected to the reels or slings (21,21') io via the lever system (23.23 ', 23.23'), which extends or shortens the effective length of their displacement and adjusts to the desired traction value of the folding and longitudinally smooth gear (19.19 ').