SG188024A1 - Fire protection part of planar-like design, method of producing it and use thereof - Google Patents
Fire protection part of planar-like design, method of producing it and use thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SG188024A1 SG188024A1 SG2012026811A SG2012026811A SG188024A1 SG 188024 A1 SG188024 A1 SG 188024A1 SG 2012026811 A SG2012026811 A SG 2012026811A SG 2012026811 A SG2012026811 A SG 2012026811A SG 188024 A1 SG188024 A1 SG 188024A1
- Authority
- SG
- Singapore
- Prior art keywords
- fire protection
- weight
- protection part
- acid
- materials
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 boren Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010338 boric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;sodium;phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- MKUXAQIIEYXACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aciclovir Chemical compound N1C(N)=NC(=O)C2=C1N(COCCO)C=N2 MKUXAQIIEYXACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 8
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical group O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000519995 Stachys sylvatica Species 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005329 float glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940071182 stannate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COC(C)COC(C)CO LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150104466 NOCT gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101150034459 Parpbp gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000006124 Pilkington process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000206607 Porphyra umbilicalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007514 bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011437 continuous method Methods 0.000 description 1
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910001392 phosphorus oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus hexaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)OP3OP1OP2O3 VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLQWHDODQVOVKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapotassium;silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] RLQWHDODQVOVKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- BNEMLSQAJOPTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(oxo)tin Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Sn]([O-])=O BNEMLSQAJOPTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/02—Inorganic materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/069—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of intumescent material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00663—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as filling material for cavities or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Abstract
-36-Fire protection part of planar-like design, method of producing it and use thereofAbstractThe invention relates to a fire protection part of planar-like design which is connected to at least one room limiting face part, wherein the fire protection part is formed from fire protection material based upon an inorganic sal and the composition of the .fire protection material comprises the following:- 25 to 70 96 by weight of SiO (solid content) - 0.05 to 10 % by weight of surfactants - 0.01 to 25 % by weight of uolyol - 0.05 to 2 % by weight of alkali-metal oxide - 0.05 to 20 % by weight of acid - 0.01 to 10 % by weight of corrosion protection material - distilled or de-ionized water,wherein the composition of the fire protection material is capable of being poured during the production and is capable of being hardened by the addition of a base.(Figure 1)
Description
i
AEA
1 Co sisotser
Fire protection part of planar-like design, method of producing it and use thereof
The present invention relates to a fire protection part of planar-1like design which is connected tc at least one room limiting face part, the fire protection part being formed from a fire protection material based upon an inorganic sol. In addition, the present invention relates to a method of producing the fire protection part and to possible purposes of use. : In this case, room limiting face parts comprise all possible parts which are suitable for limiting a room, in particular static walls, ceilings, floors, partition walls, doors or window panes. The materials of these room limiting face parts are capable of being selected as desired, so that for example glass, plastics material, composite materials, natural materials, synthetic mate- rials, wood, plasterboard, stone, cement, concrete, Ytong or metal are used. The room limiting face parts can thus be made both transparent and non-transparent and at least. transparent in part, respectively.
Fire protection parts are known from the prior art which are produced on the basis of a strongly alkaline silicate.
If the fire protection part is arranged for example between two panes of glass in order to form a fire protection window, then glass corrosion can be observed even aiter a short period of time. On the common contact faces of the glass and the fire protection part the high pH value environment causes the glass network to dissolve or disintegrate. The latter corrodes and beccmes milky + [Wm — *G00002*
t .
Lo. to turbid. The fire protection window has to be replaced.
It is known for the composition of the fire protecticn part to be produced in a time-consuming manner in a multiple-step process, so that time intervals of days or weeks occur between the production and the processing to form the fire protection part.
The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a fire protection part, the fire protection marerial of which inn the hardened state has a good ageing resistance as well as a good stability with respect to corrosion. In addition, an object of the present inven- tion is to provide a method of producing a fire protection part as well as the use thereof, so that a more rapid and inexpensive production is made possible.
This cbject is attained in terms of the product by the features of claim 1 and in terms of the method by claim 8.
In addition, this object is attained in terms of the use by claims 14 and 15.
Advantageous embodiments and further develcpments form the subject matter of the sub-claims. : The core concept of the present invention is to provide a fire protection part of planar-like design which is connected tc at least one room limiting face part, the fire protection part being formed from a fire protection material based upon an inorganic soi and the composition of the fire protection material comprising the following: - 25 to 70 % by weight of SiO; (sclid content) - 0.05 to 10 % by weight of surfactants - 0.01 to 25 % by weight of polyol - 0.05 tc 2 % by weight of alkali-metal oxide
L i
Sa. - 0.05 to 20 % by weight of acid - 0.01 to 10 % by weight of corrosion protection material - distilled or de-ionized water, the composition of the fire protection material being capable of being poured during the production and being capable of being hardened by the addition of a base.
In this case a colloid solution, preferably based upcn water, 1s to be understood as the sol, the collicids being present as virtually monodispersed primary particles with a diameter in the range of from 1 to 1000 nm. It is ad- vantageous for silica sols to be used according to the invention. In addition, however, it is also possible for other inorganic sols to be used, for example based on titanium or aluminium.
The use of a sol 1s advantageous since the ccllcidal primary particles - which can alsc be understood as being a precursor or an initial stage - are capable of being cross-linked with one another in a rapid and simple manner. It is preferable for a cross-linking of this type to take place chemically, for example by the addi- tion of a base. In addition, cross-linking reactions are also possible which take piace bv the additicn cf an acid.
As a result of the cross-linking of the inorganic scl, preferably by hydrolysis and condensation reactions, an increase in the viscosity can be observed. BA gel is formed which has both a liquid phase, in this case pre- ferably water, and a solid phase. This is particu.iarly advantagsous in the event of fire since the water contained in the gel serves to limit the fire.
. , -4-
It is preferable for the fire protection material to have from 25 to 70 % by weight of SiO; (sclid content), pre- ferably from 35 tc 55 % by weight of SiC, and in a parti- cularly preferred manner from 45 to 50 % by weight of SiO, relative to the overall mass of the material. This is advantageous since the silica sol forms the starting material as a precursor for the basic structure of the fire protection part. This is particularly advantageous since in this way, depending upon the level of ths solid content of silicon dioxide, the degree 0f cross-linking, oo the stability and the inherent strength of the resulting fire protection material can be contrclled in accordance with the addition of the base. In this way, a large solid content of silicon dioxide also results in a high degree of stability and inherent strength of the fire protection material, since a dense network is produced by the addition of a base. Co
In addition, the fire protecticn material advantageously has from 0.05 to 10 % by weight of surfactants. This is advantageous since these surfactants are preferably present in the charged state. As a result of the addi- tion cf the surfactants to the fire protection material an improved adhesion to the room limiting face parts is achieved in the production process of the fire protecticn material. Depending upern the surface charging of these room limiting face parts, it is possible for the surface tension of the fire protection material to be capable of being altered in a manner capable of being pre-determined as a result of a suitable selection and addition of the surfactants to thes aforesaid fire protection material, so that for every material of the room limiting face parts, such as for example glass or concrete, the adhesion capacity of the fire protection material to the latter is v . -5- significantly improved. In this way, it is advantageous for surfactants to be selected which assist a uniform wetting of the surface of the rcom limiting face parts with the fire protection material, for example by lowering the surface tension. The wetting is advan- tageously permanent, so that the wetting continues to take place in a uniform manner both during the production process, during the hardening process and during the ageing process, without the occurrence of wetting absence spcts in the form of de-wetting. In addition, in the event of a fire the surfactants advantagecus.ly have the effect tnat the fracture of the room limiting face part : caused by the thermal expansion of the side of the room limiting faces part facing the fire takes place in a clean manner, without pieces or parts of the fire protection material adhering to it. It is advantageous for the hardened fire protection parI Co remain intact in the event of a fire. The surfactants used are thus advan- tageously used for adhesive bonding.
In addition, the fire protection material contains from 0.01 to 25 % by weight of polyol. The addition of the polyol is preferably carried out in a range of from 0.01 to 20 % by weight, in particular in a range of from 1 tc % by weight, and in a particularly preferred manner in a range of from 5 to 12 % bv weight, relative to the overall mass of the fire protection material. It is ad- vantageous for the freezing point of the fire protection material to be lowered in the low-temperature range by the addition of at least one polyol. If a non-modified silica sol is acted upon with temperatures of below 0°C, then the irreversible precipitation of sclid, white silicic acid is caused. In the present invention this would have a significant adverse effect upon the trans-
parency of the fire protection material. In this way, for example, transparent panes of glass would become per- manently turbid as scon as the ambient temperature fell below 0°C. It is therefore advantageous, by the addition of at least one polyol to the fire protection material, for the freezing point thereof to be lowered, so that the precipitation of the sclid silicic acid is preferably caused to be only from temperatures. of less than -15°C and in a particularly preferred manner of less than -30°C.
According to the invention, polyels such as for example ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pclysthylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol,
Tripropylene glycol, polypropylene clivecel and glycerol or mixtures thereof are used in this case.
In addition, the fire protecticn material has from 0.05 to 2 % by weight of an alkali-metal oxide, preferably from 0.1 to 1 % by weight relative to the overall mass of the fire protecticn material. It is advantageous for the aikali-metal oxide to ke already contained in the silica sol.
It is preferable for the fire protection material to have from 0.05 toc 20 % by weight of an acid. This is advan- tageous since the setting of the pH value of the fire protection material, preferably based on water, is carried out by the addition of the acid. The basic glass corrosion 1s advantagecusly counteracted by the lowering of the pH value of the fire protection material if thes room limiting face parts are made of glass. This is ad- vantageous, since no turbidity caused by ths corrosion of the glass is caused on the surface of the glass in this way. Furthermore, it is advantagecus that the
' . -7- suitability for storage of the hardened fire protection part is additicnally improved by the lowering ci the pE value. In addition, a lowered pE value also nas =a germicidai effect upon fungi or bacteria in the fire protection material, sc that the addition of axpensive fungicides or bkactericides to the fire protection material is unnecessary.
It is advantageous for the fire protection material to
Ihave, in addition, from 0.01 to 10 % by weight, pre- ferably from 0.05 to 2 % by weight and in a particularly preferred manner from ¢.1 to 1 % by weight, of a corrosion prctection material relative to the overall mass of the fire protection material. As a result of the addition of this corrosion protection material the corroding effec: cof the fire protection material cn the limiting faces to the room limiting face parts is advan- tageously substantially reduced.
In addition, the fire protection material advantageously has distilled or de-ionized water. The latter is used as a solvent, so that the fire protection material according : to the invention can be processed in a simple manner.
The addition of water is carried out depending upon the desired viscosity. It is advantageous for Just sc much water tc be added that a fire protection material capable of being poured is produced.
It is advantageous for the fire protection material according to the invention to be capable of being hardened by the addition of a base, it being advantageous for “capable of being hardened” to be understooa in this case &s “capable of being cross-linked”. By means of the addition of the base the sol contained in the fire protection material is advantageously cross-linked to form a gel, as a result of which an increase in the viscosity is caused. In this way, the fire protection material is hardened. It is advantageous for the degree of hardening to be capable of being controlled by the added quantity of the base. Depending upon the use it is also possible for a gel of a fire protection material which is not completely hardened, i.e. cross-linked, to be used. After the hardening it is advantageous for a porous network based upon silicon to be formed, in the pores of which the solvent used, in this case preferably water, is advantageously embedded.
The base can be any basic compounds, such as for example alkali or alkaline earth hydroxides, alkoxides or alkali silicates, such as for example water glass, preferably potassium water glass. It is advantageous for the base to be supplied according to the invention as a 30 to 50 % alkali hydroxide solution in water, for example sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide or a mixture thereof, to the fire protection material. It is preferable for the base to have from 5 to 25 % by weight and in a particu- larly preferred manner from 12 tc 15 % by weight of pure hydroxide, relative to the overall mass of the fire protection material.
It is advantageous for the addition of the base described here to the fire protection material described above to result in a reaction product, preferably an alkali-metal oxide, in the range of from 2 to 20 % by weight, pre- ferably from 5 to 15 % by weight, relative to the overall mass of the fire protection material after the addition - of the base. It is preferable for the reaction caused by the bringing together oi the fire protection material
. . -9. with the base to result in a molar ratio of silicon dioxide tc zlkali-metalil oxide of preferably larger than 4.5 : 1 and in a particularly preierred manner of 5 to € : 1.
It is preferable for the fire protection material accord- ing to the invention to be made transparent in the hardened state. This is particularly advantageous when it is arranged as a fire protection between two panes of glass as room limiting face parts. In addition, however, it 1s alsc possible for the fire protection material according to the invention to be made opaque at least in part, for example wher the room limiting face parts are alsc made non-transparent, for example of concrete.
In the event of fire an evaporation of the water is ad- vantagecusly caused by the temperature increase, as a result of which the hardened fire protection material is fcamed by the formation of gas.
In a further preferred embodiment, before the addition of the base the fire protection material of the fire protection part has a pd value in the range of from 2 to 7, preferably in the range of from 3 to 5. The fire protection material is thus preferably acid tc neutral and is not introduced, as known from the prior art, . already as a base with a pH value of > 7. As a result of this acid to neutral property of the fire protection material the commen limiting faces of the room limiting face parts are advantagecusly not attacked in the mannex cf a base during thes processing and ageing process of the fire protection part. Corrosion of the material is thus prevented. This is particularly advantageous when the room limiting face parts are formed from transparent glass or even plastics material, where corrosion of the material occurs in the form of turbidity and the transparency is thus adversely affected. It is thus ad- vantageous for turbidity caused by corrosion or even dissolution of the network of the room limiting face parts to be prevented according to the invention. In addition, a low pH value also has a negative effect upon the growth of bacteria and fung:.
Furthermore, it is preferred for the corrosion protection material to have a composition ir which at least one or more chemical elements are from the group of transition metals, non-metals, semi-metals cr metals. in particular, zinc, zirconium, tin, boron, aluminium or phogpheorus are preferred in this case, it likewise being preferred for the corrosion protection material To be present in the ferm of an oxide and/or in the form of a salt.
Examples of this are aluminate, borate, zirconate, tin stannate, zinc stannate, zirconium stannate, phosphate or even aluminium oxide, boron oxide, tin oxide, phosphorus oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide and borax or a mixture thereof.
As a result of adding these oxides and/or salts to the fire protection material an additional corrosion prctection effect is produced, so that common contact faces of the room limiting face parts and the fire protection part are stable over a prolonged period and no material dissolution or network dissolution - causad by corrosicn - of the room limiting face parts occurs.
It is preferable for the addition of the corrosion protection material to be carried out in ths range of from 0.01 to 1C % by welght, in a particularly preferred manner in the range of from 0.05 to 2 % by weight and in a particularly preferred manner in the range of from 0.1 to 1 % by weight, relative to the overall mass cf the fire protection material.
In a further advantageous embodiment the acid of the fire protection material is selected from the group of hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, boric acid, acetic acid, formic acid, formic acid amide, methacrylic acid, methacrylic acid alkylester, preferably methacrylic acid methylester, maleic acid and/or acrylic acid or a mixture thereof. It 1s advantageous [or the alkyl group of the methacrylic acid alkylester to be formed as methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl, but not of course te be limited to them. Acid formers, i.e. compositions with an acid reaction, are alsc possible in addition to acids.
It is preferable for the acid tc be added in the range of from 0.0% te 20 % by weight, preferab’y in the range oi from C.1 tc 10 % by weight, and in a particularly preferred manney in the range of from 0.1 toc 5 % by welght, relative to the overall mass of the fire protection material. PE reduction in the pH value of the composition of the fire protection material is advan- tageously caused by the addition of the acid, as a result cf which the fire protection material is stabilized and so has an improved suitability for storage. In addition, by lowering the pH value of the composition a germicidal effect 1s achieved upon bacteria and fungi, which are not able te multiply in particular in the acid madium.
Fur_hermcre, the adazticn of the acid to the fire protection material is advantageous, since the base attack upon the adjacent limiting faces of the room limiting face parts is prevented in this way, in particu- lar when these rcom limiting face parts ars made of glass.
In this way, the corrosion cf glass is prevented, as a result of which even very minor damage to the surface of the glass in the production process, for example in the float glass process, becomes visible and thus also impairs the quality in the case of transparent fire protection parts.
In the case of a further advantageous embodiment the surfactants contained in the fire protection material are made anionic, cationic and/or amphoteric. As a result cof the addition of the surfactants, preferably in the range of from 0.05 to 1C % by weight, in a more preferred manner in the range of from 0.1 to 5 % by weight, ana in a particularly preferred manner in the range of from 0.1 to 2 % by weight, relative to the overall mass cf the fire protection material, the physical properties of the fire protection mass are altered in such a way that the adhesion of the fire protection part in the hardened state to the room limiting face parts is improved. The surfactants thus act advantageously as adhesion promoters.
In addition, the surface tension of thes aqueous fire protection material is reduced before the hardening, and this results in an improved adhesion tc the Zimiting face of the common room limiting face parts. In this way it is possible for example for the surfactants used to form a single or evan a doubls limiting laver on the common limiting face of the fire protection part with the room limiting face parts. As a result of the corresponding anionic, cationic and/or amphoteric charging of the surfactant mclecules advantageously provided as a limiting layer, the adhesion of the fire protection material to the room limiting face part is improved, not only during the hardening but alsc in particular in the event of a fire. In addition, 1t is possible for the surfactant molecules to be arranged statistically in the fire protection material.
It has been found that in the event of a fire if a room limiting face part dissolves or fractures the hardened fire protection part foams and remains intact.
In addition, the concept of the present invention lies in a one-stage, continuous method of producing a fire protection part, which comprises the following steps: - provision of two storage containers, wherein a first stcrage container is provided with the starting materials of the fire protection composi- tion e 25 tc 70 % by weight of SiO; (solid content) oe 0.05 to 10 % by weight of surfactants e 0.1 to 25 % by weight cf polyol e 0.05 to 2 % by weight of alkali-metal oxide e 0.05 to 20 % by weight of acid eo 0.01 to 10 % by weight of corrosion protection material oe distilled or de-ionized water, and these are mixed in the first storage container and a second storage contalner is proviaed with a basic starting material: - provision of two conveying devices for the respec- tive conveving oi the starting materials Irom the storage container into a mixing device, wherein the mass cf starting materials supplied to the mixing device is capable of being pre-determined; - mixing the starting materiale from the two storage containers to form a mixture of materials in the mixing device; - continuous de-gassing of the mixture of materials by rotation in a device acted upon with a vacuum; - conveying the de-gassed mixture of materials by means of a further conveying device to the processing; - processing the de-gassed mixture of materials in that the mixture of materials is fillea into a hcliow space which is spanned by two plate-like parts arranged substantially parallel to each ‘other, wherein the two parts are sealed off circumierentially apart from an upwardly directed opening for filling the spanned hollow space, and - hardening the mixture of materials at an elevated temperature in ths range of from 65 to $5°C.
In this way the starting materials of the fire protection material are introduced into a first storage container, in which case they are continuously nixed, for example by maans of a sultakls stirring tool. It is advantageously possible for seven supply means, which are installed separately from one another and by means of which the raw materials indicated - silica sol which preferably already contains the alkal.i-metal oxide, surfactants, polvol, acid, corrosion protection material and water - are capabie of being supplied tc the storage container, to be advantageously provided for this first storage container.
Advantageously, this supply occurs permanently curing the whele production process. It Is preferable for the corre-
S05 sponding supply of raw materials to be computer controlled and automated.
A basic starting material, for example in the agueous form of an alkali or alkaline earth hydroxide, such as for example sodium or potassium hydroxide, 1s introduced into the second storage container. The basic solution in the second storage container is advantageously introduced as a 25 to 60 %, preferably as a 45 to 55 %, metal hydroxide solution in water. It is advantageous for this to cerrespond to from 10 to 20 % by weight, preferably from 12 to 13 % by weight, of pure metal hydroxide relative to the overall mass of the fire protection material. When the starting materials of the first storage container react with the starting materials of the second storage container, a reaction molar ratio of silicon dioxide to alkali-metal oxide of more than 4.5 : 1 and preferably of § to 6 : 1 occurs.
In addition, it is possible for at least one alkali silicate, for example sodium silicate or potassium silicate, to be provided instead of the basic metal hydroxide.
The two storage containers are psrmanently connected to a separate conveying device in each case for conveying the starting materials from the corresponding storage con- tainers. The starting materials are supplied tc a mixing device by means of these conveving devices, wherein the mass of the starting materials supplied to the mixing device 1s capable of being pre-determined in each case.
It is advantageous for the mixing device provided tc be designed in the form of a static mixer, for exampis cf plastics material or high-grade stesl. According to the invention the mixing device is designed in the manner of a tube. The supply of the starting materials from the first storage container and of the basic starting material of the second storage containsr is advan- tageously carried out at the start of the tube-like mixing device. The mixing of the two charges is carried out bv the advantageous fixed arrangement of mixing parts insiae the tube-like mixing device, so that the two storage containers are conveyed in the longitudinal
Girection of the mixing device by the permanent stressing with pressure bv the supply of the starting materials from these two storage containers inte the mixing device.
In this case the mixing parts cause corresponding flow turbulences, so that an effective mixing procedure is produced inside the mixing device.
In the case of an advantageous embodiment of the method the mixing device is tempered higher during the supply of the respective starting materials from the wo storage containers than at the outlet of the mixture of materials from the mixing device. It is preferable for az first portion of the mixing device to have an elevated tempera- ture in the range of from 40 to 90°C, preferably between 50 and 80°C and in a particularily preferred manner between 60 and 70°C. This temperature increase of the mixing device and thus also of the mixture of materials of the starting materials conveyed therein results in a more rapid reaction time cf the cross-linking procedure.
In a second portion of the mixing device which is arranged downstream of the first portion with a higher temperature in the longitudinal direction of the mixing device the mixed fire protection material 1s ccoled down to from 10 to 40°C, in particular to from 20 te 30°C, and in a particularly preferred manner to from 20 tc 23°C.
Zt 1s advantagscus for the temperature of the fire protection mata2rial to be detected by means of suitable senscrs, preferably automatically, both in the first heating porticn of the mixing device and in the second cooling portion of the mixing device. In exceptional cases, the automatic re-adjustment of the temperature is possible in this way and can be set to the range capable of being pre-dsterminsad.
Lifter the mixture of materials in the mixing device has cooled down, the mixture of fire protection materials is continuously ds-gassed by rotation in a device acted upon by a vacuum. It is preferable for this device acted upon by a vacuum to be designed in the form of a vacuum fan.
Inside the device acted upon by a vacuum the mixture of fire protection materials is continucusly moved onto a centrifuging plate which is arranged centrally and which is enclosed circumferentially by a sieve-like Iimiting portion. By the rotation of the centrifuging plate the material present on it is flung radially cutwards and is flung through the corresponding sieve-like pores oi the sieve-like limiting portior - which preferably has openings in the order of magnitude of from 5 tc 500 um, in particular in the order of from 25 to 100 pum - onto the inner wall of the device acted upon by a vacuum.
Tt is preferable for a vacuum in the range of from iC to 150 mbar absolute, and in particular in the range of Irom 5C¢ to S0 mbar absolute, to be applied to the device acted upon by a vacuum.
As a result of the radial f£iinging cf the applied mixture of fire protection materials onto the centrifuging plate and as a result of the associated radial passage through the sieve-like limiting portion, gas inclusicns - such as for example air bubbles cor other gas bubbles - contained in the mixture of fire protection material are advan- tageously removed.
In addition, it is possible, during the continuous de- gassing of the mixture of fire protection materials in the device acted upon bv a vacuum, for addicional inorganic substances to be supplied which are preferably selected from the group: pigments, metal oxides, mixed oxides, carbon Zibres, ceramic fibres, glass fibres, glass powder, micro hollow glass spheres, sand, clay, bentonite or a mixture thereof. In this way it is possiple to make the fire protection material according to the inventicn coloured for example. The addition of inorganic additives, preferably during or after the continuous de-gassing, to the fire protection material is preferably carried out in the range of from 0.01 tc 10 % by weight, in particular from 0.1 to 5 % by weight, with respect to the overall mass of the fire prctection mixture. As a result of the addition. of these inorganic additives, the mechanical strength and the fire resistance of the hardened fire protection part are ad- vantageously significantly improved.
In addition, the now de-gassed mixture of materials is conveyed by means of a further conveying device out of the device acted upon [by a] vacuum for processing. A processing of the ds-gassed mixture of fire protection material can be carried out in numerous ways. It is ad- vantageous for the fire protection material accecrding to the invention tc have a processing time in the region of at least two hours, preferably at least four hours, and in a particularly preferred manner in the region cf from six to twelve hours.
The mixture of fire protection matesrials according to the invention can be processed in different ways. In the simplest case it is possibie for two room limiting face parts to be provided which are arranged parallel to each other but are arranged at a distance capable of being pre-determined from each other and which thus span a hollow space situated between them. This hollow space is advantageously closed circumferentially by suitable sealing materials, so that preiferaply at least one opening but preferably a plurality cf openings which are directed upwards are provided. The filling of the de- gassed mixture of fire protection materials takes place through these openings in the peripheral limiting. It is advantageously possible for plate-like and/or screw-like means by which the filling of the de-gassed mixture of fire protection materials is facilitated to be provided at the cecrrespondirg openings. In this wav, it is possible for example for a plate-like means arranged obliquely to convey the de-gassed fire protection material to pe filled to at least one lateral face of the room limiting face part bounding the hollow space. This advantageously prevents the formation of bubbles during the £illing. After the filling of the hollow cavity is complete, the corresponding filling openings are sealed cff and closed. It is preferable for the closure of the filling openings to be carried out by means of at least one rapidly. hardening polymer which is advantageously made resilient, such as for exampls a silicone. This is advantageous since the filiing cpenings are thus closed in & sealed manner, so that no fire protection mass can escape. It is advantageous for the de-gassed fire protection material to be filled in a bubble-free manner.
After that, there follows the hardening of the mixture of fire protection materials, which 1s now situated between the two room limiting face parts, at an elevated tempera- ture, preferably in the range of from 50 to 110°C and in a particularly preferred manner in the range of from 65 te 95°C. As a result of the final hardening of the mixture of fire protection materials, the fire protection part is formed, which is arranged in a fixed manner, between the room limiting face parts. In addition, it is advantageous 1f, for hardening purposes, the fire protection part is hardened when mounted horizontally.
In addition, it is possible for the hardening of the fire protection part to be capable of being carried out, as well as by means of temperature stressing by convection, also by means of radiation, for example by means of infrared or microwave radiation. It is preferable for the hardening to take place in a period of time of from
Z7 to 30 nours, and in a particularly preferred manner in a period of from 22 to 26 hours.
Depending upon the use of the fire protection part, it can be arranged between transparent recom limiting face parts or even non-transparent rcom limiting face parts.
It is advantagsous for the corresponding room limiting face parts to be made transparent, for example of glass,
PVC, PMMA (Plexiglas) or also non-transparent, such as for example from metal, piastics materials, plasterboard, ceramic materials, wood, stone, concreife or mineral composite materials.
Furthermore, it would be additicnally possible for the hollow space spanned by the two room limiting face parts to have, as well as the fire protection material, further inorganic or organic materials, such as for example mineral wool, as well. It would thus be possible for organic or inorganic materials cf this type to be impregnated, sprayed, coated or mixed with the fire protection material before the hardening, so as then to introduce these inorganic and/or organic materials into the corresponding hollow space between the two room limiting face parts and to harden them there. This is advancageous if for example non-transparent fire protection parts for example are required.
In addition, it is possible, instead of the basic metal hydroxide solution in the second storage ccntainer, to provide an alkall silicate solution. Advantageously the reaction of the stabilized fire protection material from the first storage container with the basic alkali silicate or basically reacting alkali silicate of the second storage container to be a reaction which requires a molar ratio of silicon dioxide to alkali-metal oxide of more than 4.5 : 1, in particular in the range cf from 5 to € : 1.
Further advantageous embodiments are evident from the accompanying drawing. In the drawing
Figure 1 shows an apparatus according to the invention for producing the fire protection part accord- ” ) | ing to the invention.
Figure 1 shows an apparatus 1 according to the invention for producing a fire protection part according to the in-
vention. A first storage container 2 is provided with the starting materials silica sol, surfactants, polyol, acid, corrosion protection material and distilled or de- icnized water, a setting of the pH value of the aforesaid agueous solution being carried out by means of acids, oxides and salts. It is advantageous for the first storage container 2 to have a stirring apparatus 4, by means cf which the added raw materials can be constantly mixed.
In addition, the apparatus 1 according to the invention has a second storage container & into which at least one basic starting material is capable of being introduced in a concentration capable of being pre-determined. In this case it is advantageous for an alkaline aqueous hydroxide solution, preferably a potassium hydroxide solution, or an aqueous alkali silicate solution to be introduced.
The twc storage containers 2, € are permanently connected to a respective conveying device 8, 10, so that the starting materials introduced into the storage containers 2, 6 can be conveyed out of these storage containers 2, 6.
I: is advantageous for the conveying devices €, 10 to be provided in the form of pump-like devices, for exampie in the form of metering pumps. In this way, it is possible for different quantities to be supplied out of the storage containers 2, 6 of the mixing device 12 by msans of the metering device 8 and the metering device 10.
Depending upon the production and the case of applicaticn the corresponding line of the respective conveying devices &, 10 is capakie cf being pre-determined in a variable manner. It is preferable for the two conveving devices 8, 10 tc be computer-controlled in an automatic manner and advantageously to have suitable flow mszasurs-
ment sensor arrangements.
The mixing device 12 of the present invention has a first portion 14 and a second portion 16, a supply of the starting materials from the first storage container 2 and © the second storage container 6 being continuously supplied in the starting region 18 of the first portion 14 of the tube-like mixing device 12. On account of the continuous re-conveying of the starting materials by means cf the conveying devices 8 and 10 the supplied material is conveved further inside the tube-like mixing device 12 by being acted upon with pressure in the longi- tudinal direction L. It is possible for the starting materials to be spatially separated out of the storage containers 2, 6 or to be already supplied as a mixture.
It is advantagecus for the first pertion 14 of the mixing device 12 tec have a temperature-increasing device, so that the starting materials of the two storage containers 2, 6 conveyed inside the tube-like mixing device 12 are mixed with one ancther, for example by suitable static mixing parts 17. It is preferable for the continuously conveyed fire protection material to be tempered to a range of from 40 to 80°C, vreferably to a range of from 50 to 70°C and in a particularly preferred manner to a range of from 60 to €5°C, in the first portion 14 of the mixing device 12. It is preferable for a suitable tempe- rature control to be carried out automatically by means of suitable sensor arrangements. The first portion 14 should thus be understood as a heating portion.
In z second portion ifs of the mixing device 12 the continuously conveved fire protection material is cooled, preferably toc a range of Ixrem 13 to 20°C. The tempera-
ture is also automatically monitored and possibly corrected in the cooling portion 16 by means of suitable sensor arrangements in a manner corresponding to the heating portion 14.
The mixture of fire protection materials, which pre- ferably has a processing temperature in the range of from to 20°C, is supplied by way cf a further conveying line 20 to a device 22 which is acted upon by a vacuum and is preferably designed at the bottom in the form of a funnel and which is continuously acted upon by a vacuum with a vacuum pump 24.
It is advantageous for further preferably mineral fillers cr additives, such as for example pigments, to be able to be added to the mixture of fire protection materials in the device 22 acted upon by a vacuum. & mixing is carried out by means of conventional stirring or mixing tools.
After the de-gassing of the mixture of materials the latter 1s removed Irom the device 22 which 1s preferably in the form of a funnel and which is acted upon bv a vacuum and it is processed by means of a metering device 26. Two recom limiting face parts 28, 30 arranged at a distance from each other span a hecilow space 32 which is filled with fire protection material according to the in- venticr by the metering device 26. After the filling :is complete the f:11lling opening 34 is closed. In order to harden the Zire protection part 3% the resulting composite element 36 is preferably rotated about 90° and is mounted horizontally at elevated temperature.
The fcllowing smbodiments serve fcr explanation but ars i »
S25. noct limited theretc:
Exampre 1
Provision Of 1,114.8 kg of a 50 % silica sol solution in a first storage container, where 78 kg of anhydrous glycerol, 4.8 kg of acrylic acid, 1.2 kg of borax and 1.2 kg of a surfactant mixture of anionic and cationic surfactants is added by constant stirring. The fire protection material from this first storage container 2 is added by means of a conveying device 8, for example a metering pump which 1s capable of being set to a conveying quantity of 338 litres per hour. 1,200 kg of a 50 % KOH mixture arc provided in a second storage container 6. A second conveying device 10, for example designed in the form of a metering pump, is sat to a conveying volume cf 112 litres per hour.
A first portion i4 of the mixing device 12, which is pre- ferably designed in the form of a static mixer, is pre- heated to 70°C and a second portion 16 of the mixing device 12 is tempered to 20°C. In this way, a tempera- ture gradient is formed inside the mixing device 12.
In addition, a device 22 acted upon by a vacuum is acted upon with approximately from 50 to 100 mbar absolute by a vacuum pump 24.
When all these prepared items have been dealt with, the convaving devices 8 and 10 as weil as the conveving device 26 are started.
In this example two rocm limiting face parts 28 anc 30,
. - 26 - in this case high-grade steel plates, with a thickness of 1 mm and a size of 2.2 m x ¢.8 m in each case are arranged in such a way that a hollow space 32 cof approxi- mately 5 mm situated between these two high-grade steel places is formed. After this hollow space 32 nas been sealed off circumferentially, it is then filled with the mixture of fire protection material formed and is hardened in a norizontal orientation ai 85°C for 24 hours in a heating cabinet. As a result of the hardening, a composite element 36 comprising the fire protection part and the two roem limiting face parts 28, 230 is produced.
After the hardening this compesite element 36 comprising the high-grade steel plates and the hardened fire prctcection part 35 was installed in a furnace and was tested for fire registance in accordance with the
Regulation DIN 1363. Amazingly, it 1s found that the composite element withstands this standard for 42 minutes and can thus be used as a fire protection element of class DIN, EI, BS.
In another experiment two room limiting face parts 28, 30 of giass, in this case float glass plates, were filled and hardenad in accerdance witli the method described above. After that an ageing test in accordance with EX
ISO 12543-4 was undergone with respect to temperature, mclsture and UV radiation. No negative effects in the form cf white spots were found, which are caussd bv corrosion on the glass face and which are known from the prior art. In addition, no turbidity of the fire protection part as a result of ageinc was evident.
After this ageing test The composite element 346 produced vo -27.- wage installed in a furnace and was tested for fire resistance in accordance with the Regulation DIN 1353.
It was found that the composite element withstands this standard for 36 minutes and can thus be used as a fire protection element oI class DIN, ZI, BS.
Example 2 1,114.8 kg of a 50 % silica sol solution are introduced into a first storage container 2, and 78 kg of anhydrous glycerol, 4.8 ko of acrviic acid, 1.2 kg of borax and 1.2 kg of a surfactant mixture comprising anionic and cationic surfactants are supplied and thoroughly mixed with ccnstant stirring bv a stirring tool. The cenveying device 8, which in this case 1s again designed in the form of a metering pump, is set to a conveying volume of 195 litres per hour. 1,200 kg of a potassium silicate solution are introduced into the second storage container 6, the second conveying device 10 being set to a conveying volume cf 255 litres per hour.
The mixing device 12 has a first portion 14 which is pre- tempered to 70°C and a second portion 16 which is pre- tempered tc 20°C. The aevice 22 provided for the further course of the cenveying and acted upon by a vacuum is acted upon by a vacuum in the range oi from 50 mbar to 100 mbar absclute bv way of a vacuum pump 24. ~ After that, the conveying devices 8, 10 as well as 26 are started. In this example two room limiting face parts 28 and 20, in this case high-grade steel plates, with a thickness of 1 mm and a size of 1.2 m x 0.8 © in zach
Co -28 - case are arranged in such a way that a hollow space 32 cof & mm which is situated between them and which is pre- ferably sealed off circumferentially apart from an opening directed upwards 1s formed. This hollow space 32 is then filled with the ready fire protection material and is hardened in a level / horizontal orientation at g§5°C for 24 hourg in a heating cabinet.
After the hardening a composite element 36 comprising the fire protection part 35 as well as the twe room limiting face parts 28, 30 which are designed in this case in the form of the two high-grade steel plates is formed. The composite element 36 1s installed in a furnace and is tested for fire resistance in accordance with the
Regulation DIN 1363. It is found that the composite element withstands this standard fcr 41 minutes and can thus be used as a fire protection element of class DIN,
EI, BS.
In addition, instead of the two high-grade steel plates, glass plates, such as for example float glass plates, were used and were filled and hardened as described above.
After that the composite element 3% was subjected to an ageing test in accordance with EN ISO 12342-4 with respect To temperature, moisture and UV radiation. No changes - caused by corrcsion - to the glass surface in the form of white spots were found, as are known from the prior art. In addition, & lasting transparency of the fire protection part as a result of the ageing was evident. After this ageing test the composite element 36 produced was installed in a furnace and was tested for fire resistance in accordance with the Regulation DIN 1363. It was found that the composite element withstands this standard for 37 minutes and can thus be used as a
Cee -20 fire protecticn device of class DIN, EI, BS.
The flow rates of the metering pumps are not of course limited tc the values specified, but can also be capable of being set in a variable manner. It is advantageous for the metering pumps to have conveying rates in the range cf from 150 to 300 1 and preferably in the range of from 190 to 260 1.
In addition, it is possible for two mixing devices to bs provided, in which case a first mixing device is used for heating the fire protection material and a second mixing device 1s used for cociing the fire protection material.
It is advantageous for the two mixing devices to be permanently jcined to each other.
In addition, it is advantageous for a plurality of valves, which are capable of being regulated and closed manually or automatically, to be attached to the supply lines.
The Applicants reserve the right to claim all the features disclosed in the application documents as being essential to the invention, insofar as they are novel either individually or in combination as compared with the prior art.
Co 230 -
List of References : 1 apparatus 2 first storage container 4 stirring apparatus 6 second storage container 8 conveving device / metering device conveying device / metering device 12 mixing device 1a first portion i 16 second portion / cooling portion 18 starting region 22 device 24 vacuum pump 26 metering device 28 first room limiting face part second room limiting face part 32 hollow space 34 filling opening fire protection part 36 compesite element
L longitudinal direction
Claims (15)
1. A fire protection part (35) of planar-like design which is connected to at least one room limiting face part (28), wherein the fire protection part (35) is formed from fire protection material based upon an inorganic sol and the composition of the fire protection material comprises the following: - 25 to 70 % by weight of SiO; (solid content)
- 0.05 to 10 % by weight of surfactants
- 0.01 to 25 % by weight of polyol
- 0.05 to 2 % by weight of alkali-metal oxide
- 0.05 to 20 % by weight of acid
- 0.01 to 10 % by weight of corrosion protection material - distilled or de-ionized water, wherein the composition of the fire protection material is capable of being poured during the production and is capable of being hardened by the addition of a base.
2. A fire protection part according to claim 1, charac- terized in that before the addition of the base the composition of the fire protection material has a pH value in the range of from 2 to 7, preferably in the range of from 3 to 5.
3. A fire protection part according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the corrosion protection material has a composition wherein at least one or more elements are from the group of transition metals,
) tL r -32- non-metals, semi-metals or metals, in particular zinc, zirconium, tin, boren, phosphorus, aluminium, and the corrosion protection material is present in the form of an oxide and/or in the form of z salt.
4. A fire protection part according to claim 1, charac- terized in that the acid 1s selected from the group of hydrochlecric. acid, sulphuric acid, nitric aciaq, phosphoric acid, boric acid, acetic acid, formic acid, formic acid amide, methacrylic acid, methacrylic acid alkylester, maleic acid and/cr acrvlic acid or a mixture thereof.
5. A fire protection part according to ciaim 4, charac- terized in that from 0.05 to 20 % by weight, pre- ferably Zrom 0.1 to 10 % by weight, and in a particu- larly preferred manner from 0.1 fo 5 % by weight, of acid relative to the overall mass is contained.
6. A&A fire protection part according to claim 1, charac- terized in that the surfactants are made anionic, cationic and/or amphoteric.
7. A fire protection part according to claim 6, charac- terized in that from 0.05 to 10 % by weight, pre- ferably from 0.1 to 5 % by weight, ang in a particu- larly preferred manner from 0.2 tc 2 % by weight, of surfactants relative to the overall mass is contained.
8. A one-stage, continucus methed of producing a fire protection part (35), comprising the follcwing steps: - provision of two storage containers (2, 6), wherein a first storage container (2) is provided with the starting materials of the
Pr -33- fire protection composition e 25 to 70 % by weight of SiO; (solid content) ¢ (0.05 to 10 % by weight of surfactants e 0.1 to 25 % by weight of polycl e 0.03 tc 2 % by weight of alkali-metal oxide
© 0.05 to 20 % by weight cf acic e 0.01 to 1¢ % by weight of corrosion protection material ¢ distilled or de-ionized water, and these are mixed in the first storage con- tainer (2) and a second storage container (6) is provided with a basic starting material; - provision of two conveying devices (8, 10) for the conveying of the starting materials Irom the respective storage container (2, 6) Into a mixing device (12), wherein the mass of starting materials supplied tc the mixing device (12) 1s capable cf being pre-determined; - mixing the starting materials from the two storage containers (2, 6) toc form a mixture of materials in the mixing device (12); - continuous de-gassing cf the mixture of materials by rotation in a device (22) acted upon with a vacuum; - conveving the de-gassed mixture of materials by means of a further conveying device {26} to the processing; - processing the de-gassed mixture of materials in that the mixture of materials is filled into a hollow space (32) which is spanned by two plate-like room limiting face parts (28, 30) arranged substantially parallsl to each other, wherein the two rcom limiting face parts (28,
\ » ’ 34 - 30) are sealed cif circumferentiallv apart from an upwardly directed opening (34) for filling the spanned hollow space (32), and - hardening the mixture of materials at an : elevated temperature in the range of from 65 tc 85°C.
9. A method of producing a fire protection part accord- ing to claim 8, characterized in that the mixing device (12) is tempered higher during the supply of the starting materials from the twc storage con- tainers (2, 6) than at the outlet of the mixture of materials from the mixing device (12).
10. A method of producing a fire protection part accord- ing to claims 8 and ¢, characterized in that curing the supply of the starting materials from the two storages containers (2, 6) the mixing device {12) is set at a temperature of from 40 to 80°C, preferably to from 50 to 70°C and in a particularly preferred manner to from 60 to 6&5°C.
21. A method of producing a fire protection part accord- ing to claims 8 tec 10, characterized in that the tem- perature of the mixture of materials decreases in the longitudinal direction (L) inside the mixing device (12) .
12. A method cf producing a fire protection part accora- ing tec claims 8 to 11, characterized in that during the continuous de-gassing inorganic substances are supplied which are preferably selected from the group of pigments, metal oxides, mixed oxides, carbon fibres, ceramic fibres, glass fibres, glass powder,
i » . -35- micrc hollow glass spheres, sand, clay, bentonite or a mixture thereof.
13. A method of producing a fire protection part accord- ing to claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the hardening of the fire protection part (35) is carried out by means of temperature, preferably by means of convection, or radiation, preferably by means of infrared radiation or microwave radiation, in a range of from 20 to 3C h, preferably in a range of from 22 to 26 h.
14. Use of a fire protection part (35) between transparent room limiting face parts.
15. Use of a fire prctection part (25) between non- transparent room limiting face parts .
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP11006572.9A EP2557141B1 (en) | 2011-08-10 | 2011-08-10 | Laminar fire prevention component, use of same and method for producing same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SG188024A1 true SG188024A1 (en) | 2013-03-28 |
Family
ID=44658538
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SG2012026811A SG188024A1 (en) | 2011-08-10 | 2012-04-11 | Fire protection part of planar-like design, method of producing it and use thereof |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2557141B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102951890B (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1181806A1 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL2557141T3 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2568080C2 (en) |
| SG (1) | SG188024A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3011255B1 (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-09-11 | Saint Gobain Adfors | FABRIC COMPRISING A TRANSPARENT, FIRE RESISTANT COATING |
| RU2672945C1 (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-11-21 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью Нпо "Современные Пожарные Технологии" | Method of explosion prevention and fire extinguishing by solid silica gel and device for its implementation |
| CN109899104A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-06-18 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of economic and environment-friendly type gel foam for preventing and treating spontaneous combustionof coal |
| DE102019108357B4 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2022-05-05 | Hörmann KG Eckelhausen | Transport method for a fire and/or smoke protection glass pane and assembly method using this |
| RU2768736C2 (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2022-03-24 | Акционерное общество "Фортис" | Method of manufacturing and equipment for manufacturing a self-contained fire extinguishing system |
| GB202109408D0 (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-08-11 | Pilkington Group Ltd | Fire-resistant glazing |
| GB202109410D0 (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-08-11 | Pilkington Group Ltd | Fire-resistant glazing |
| CN115637084A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2023-01-24 | 山东鲁阳节能材料股份有限公司 | Temperature-resistant heat-insulating coating for metal surface |
| GB202114670D0 (en) | 2021-10-14 | 2021-12-01 | Pilkington Group Ltd | Fire-reistant glazing |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5144138B2 (en) * | 1972-08-21 | 1976-11-26 | ||
| GB1604388A (en) | 1977-08-03 | 1981-12-09 | Bfg Glassgroup | Fire screening panels |
| DK0620781T3 (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1999-11-08 | Vetrotech Saint Gobain Int Ag | Light translucent heat protection element |
| DE19720269A1 (en) * | 1997-05-14 | 1998-11-19 | Inst Neue Mat Gemein Gmbh | Nanocomposite for thermal insulation purposes |
| RU2205793C1 (en) * | 2002-03-19 | 2003-06-10 | Брыков Алексей Сергеевич | Light-transparent binding composition |
| DE102004031785A1 (en) * | 2004-07-01 | 2006-01-26 | Degussa Ag | Polyol-containing silica dispersion |
| US7621269B2 (en) * | 2006-08-16 | 2009-11-24 | Rescue Air Systems, Inc. | Breathable air safety system and method having at least one fill site |
| GB0621573D0 (en) * | 2006-10-31 | 2006-12-06 | Pilkington Group Ltd | Metal cross linking agents in cast in place interlayers |
| RU2348586C2 (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2009-03-10 | Шабанова Надежда Антоновна | Transparent heat-shielding element |
| CN100567392C (en) * | 2007-08-29 | 2009-12-09 | 北京振利高新技术有限公司 | Polyurethanes compound modified phenolic foam plastic and preparation method thereof |
| EP2130673A1 (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2009-12-09 | AGC Flat Glass Europe SA | Fireproof glazing |
| WO2009155714A1 (en) | 2008-06-26 | 2009-12-30 | Gevartis Ag | Materials for producing transparent heat protection elements and light protection elements produced using such materials and also processes for producing them |
| WO2012006748A1 (en) | 2010-07-16 | 2012-01-19 | Gevartis Ag | Method for improving heat-protection glazings by preventing glass corrosion caused by alkaline glass attack and by priming |
-
2011
- 2011-08-10 EP EP11006572.9A patent/EP2557141B1/en active Active
- 2011-08-10 PL PL11006572T patent/PL2557141T3/en unknown
-
2012
- 2012-04-11 SG SG2012026811A patent/SG188024A1/en unknown
- 2012-06-26 CN CN201210213123.4A patent/CN102951890B/en active Active
- 2012-08-07 RU RU2012133753/12A patent/RU2568080C2/en active
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2013
- 2013-08-05 HK HK13109096.9A patent/HK1181806A1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102951890B (en) | 2014-12-31 |
| PL2557141T3 (en) | 2015-09-30 |
| EP2557141A1 (en) | 2013-02-13 |
| CN102951890A (en) | 2013-03-06 |
| RU2568080C2 (en) | 2015-11-10 |
| HK1181806A1 (en) | 2013-11-15 |
| EP2557141B1 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
| RU2012133753A (en) | 2014-02-20 |
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