SG11201903581WA - Facilitating practical byzantine fault tolerance blockchain consensus and node synchronization - Google Patents

Facilitating practical byzantine fault tolerance blockchain consensus and node synchronization

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Publication number
SG11201903581WA
SG11201903581WA SG11201903581WA SG11201903581WA SG11201903581WA SG 11201903581W A SG11201903581W A SG 11201903581WA SG 11201903581W A SG11201903581W A SG 11201903581WA SG 11201903581W A SG11201903581W A SG 11201903581WA SG 11201903581W A SG11201903581W A SG 11201903581WA
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Singapore
Prior art keywords
consensus
international
node
fault tolerance
messages
Prior art date
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SG11201903581WA
Inventor
Dayi Yang
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Alibaba Group Holding Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of SG11201903581WA publication Critical patent/SG11201903581WA/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/0703—Error or fault processing not based on redundancy, i.e. by taking additional measures to deal with the error or fault not making use of redundancy in operation, in hardware, or in data representation
    • G06F11/0706—Error or fault processing not based on redundancy, i.e. by taking additional measures to deal with the error or fault not making use of redundancy in operation, in hardware, or in data representation the processing taking place on a specific hardware platform or in a specific software environment
    • G06F11/0709—Error or fault processing not based on redundancy, i.e. by taking additional measures to deal with the error or fault not making use of redundancy in operation, in hardware, or in data representation the processing taking place on a specific hardware platform or in a specific software environment in a distributed system consisting of a plurality of standalone computer nodes, e.g. clusters, client-server systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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    • G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/23—Updating
    • G06F16/2365—Ensuring data consistency and integrity
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/18—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using passive fault-masking of the redundant circuits
    • G06F11/183—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using passive fault-masking of the redundant circuits by voting, the voting not being performed by the redundant components
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G06F11/18—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using passive fault-masking of the redundant circuits
    • G06F11/187—Voting techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/23—Updating
    • G06F16/2379—Updates performed during online database operations; commit processing
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G06F16/27—Replication, distribution or synchronisation of data between databases or within a distributed database system; Distributed database system architectures therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/04—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
    • H04L63/0428—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
    • H04L63/0442—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload wherein the sending and receiving network entities apply asymmetric encryption, i.e. different keys for encryption and decryption
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
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    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/1095—Replication or mirroring of data, e.g. scheduling or transport for data synchronisation between network nodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04L9/0637—Modes of operation, e.g. cipher block chaining [CBC], electronic codebook [ECB] or Galois/counter mode [GCM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
    • H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
    • H04L9/0819—Key transport or distribution, i.e. key establishment techniques where one party creates or otherwise obtains a secret value, and securely transfers it to the other(s)
    • H04L9/0825—Key transport or distribution, i.e. key establishment techniques where one party creates or otherwise obtains a secret value, and securely transfers it to the other(s) using asymmetric-key encryption or public key infrastructure [PKI], e.g. key signature or public key certificates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/3236—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using cryptographic hash functions
    • H04L9/3239—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using cryptographic hash functions involving non-keyed hash functions, e.g. modification detection codes [MDCs], MD5, SHA or RIPEMD
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/3247—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials involving digital signatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/3297—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials involving time stamps, e.g. generation of time stamps
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/18—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using passive fault-masking of the redundant circuits
    • G06F11/182—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using passive fault-masking of the redundant circuits based on mutual exchange of the output between redundant processing components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to error detection, to error correction, and to monitoring
    • G06F2201/82—Solving problems relating to consistency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2209/00—Additional information or applications relating to cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00
    • H04L2209/56—Financial cryptography, e.g. electronic payment or e-cash
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/50—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols using hash chains, e.g. blockchains or hash trees

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Data Mining & Analysis (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Retry When Errors Occur (AREA)
  • Computer And Data Communications (AREA)
  • Information Retrieval, Db Structures And Fs Structures Therefor (AREA)
  • Hardware Redundancy (AREA)
  • Debugging And Monitoring (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property --- -- Organization M Th 0 111111 11 111 11111 0 11 110 1 0 111 11111 11 11 0 11 0 11 11111 00 11110 111 0 11 1111 International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date ...0\"\" WO 2019/072263 A2 18 April 2019 (18.04.2019) WIP0 I PCT (51) International Patent Classification: HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JO, JP, KE, KG, KH, KN, KP, Not classified KR, KW, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, (21) International Application Number: OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, PCT/CN2018/114334 SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, (22) International Filing Date: TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW. 07 November 2018 (07.11.2018) (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (25) Filing Language: English kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, (26) Publication Language: English GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, ST, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, TJ, (71) Applicant: ALIBABA GROUP HOLDING LIMITED TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, [—/CN]; Fourth Floor, one Capital Place, P.O. Box 847, EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HR, HU, 1E, IS, IT, LT, LU, LV, George Town, Grand Cayman (KY). MC, MK, MT, NL, NO, PL, PT, RO, RS, SE, SI, SK, SM, TR), OAPI (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GQ, GW, (72) Inventor: YANG, Dayi; Alibaba Group Legal Department, KM, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG). 5/F, Building 3, No. 969 West Wen Yi Road, Yuhang Dis- trict, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121 (CN). Published: (74) Agent: BEIJING BESTIPR INTELLECTUAL PROP- — upon request of the applicant, before the expiration of the ERTY LAW CORPORATION; Room 409, Tower B, Ka time limit referred to in Article 21(2)(a) Wah Building, No. 9 Shangdi 3rd Street, Haidian District, — without international search report and to be republished Beijing 100085 (CN). upon receipt of that report (Rule 48.2(g)) = (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every _ kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, = AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DJ, DK, DM, DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, _ = = Title: FACILITATING PRACTICAL BYZANTINE FAULT TOLERANCE BLOCKCHAIN CONSENSUS AND NODE SYN- (54) CHRONIZATION (57) : Implementations of the present disclosure include setting, by a = = first consensus node, a timer that runs out before a timeout of a view change; = sending, to a second consensus node, a request for one or more consensus mes- = sages missing by the first consensus node in response to the timer running out; 3oo i receiving, from the second consensus node, the one or more consensus messages — = 302 3p4 306 ape 310 each digitally signed by a private key of a corresponding consensus node that ) generates the respective one or more consensus messages; and determining that = = a block of transactions is valid, if a quantity of commit messages included in ) the received one or more consensus messages is greater than or equal to 2f + 1, = 312 - where f is a maximum number of faulty nodes that is tolerable by the blockchain based on practical Byzantine fault tolerance. = _ = 3I4-- / I , Xoblk el 3- 7 16 i M ..: ) 318-I 1 - ' ., : N el , I IN C:::::) -...... k: II C::7 11 C N FIG. 3 C
SG11201903581WA 2018-11-07 2018-11-07 Facilitating practical byzantine fault tolerance blockchain consensus and node synchronization SG11201903581WA (en)

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US (3) US10803052B2 (en)
EP (2) EP3836512B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6727630B2 (en)
KR (1) KR102193549B1 (en)
CN (1) CN110115001B (en)
AU (1) AU2018347187B2 (en)
BR (1) BR112019008172B1 (en)
CA (1) CA3041463C (en)
ES (1) ES2867423T3 (en)
MX (1) MX2019004657A (en)
PH (1) PH12019500902A1 (en)
PL (1) PL3542514T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2724181C1 (en)
SG (1) SG11201903581WA (en)
WO (1) WO2019072263A2 (en)
ZA (1) ZA201902555B (en)

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