SG11201901880SA - Volume change compensated silicon-silicon oxide-lithium composite material having nano silicon particles embedded in a silicon: silicon lithium silicate composite matrix, and cyclical ex-situ manufacturing processes - Google Patents

Volume change compensated silicon-silicon oxide-lithium composite material having nano silicon particles embedded in a silicon: silicon lithium silicate composite matrix, and cyclical ex-situ manufacturing processes

Info

Publication number
SG11201901880SA
SG11201901880SA SG11201901880SA SG11201901880SA SG11201901880SA SG 11201901880S A SG11201901880S A SG 11201901880SA SG 11201901880S A SG11201901880S A SG 11201901880SA SG 11201901880S A SG11201901880S A SG 11201901880SA SG 11201901880S A SG11201901880S A SG 11201901880SA
Authority
SG
Singapore
Prior art keywords
silicon
sslc material
volume change
prelithiated
sslc
Prior art date
Application number
SG11201901880SA
Inventor
Yuriy Matus
Yongbong Han
Michael Pak
Original Assignee
Eocell Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eocell Ltd filed Critical Eocell Ltd
Publication of SG11201901880SA publication Critical patent/SG11201901880SA/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362—Composites
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362—Composites
    • H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0438—Processes of manufacture in general by electrochemical processing
    • H01M4/044—Activating, forming or electrochemical attack of the supporting material
    • H01M4/0445—Forming after manufacture of the electrode, e.g. first charge, cycling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
    • H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/483—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides for non-aqueous cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/1391—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/1395—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property :::` , Organization 3 MD HIM 01E101011M 3E1 0 1011101fl 0111 00I1011 NH ill OEN International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date .....•\"\"- WO 2018/042361 Al 08 March 2018 (08.03.2018) WIP0 I PCT (51) International Patent Classification: CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DJ, DK, DM, DO, HO1M 4/36 (2006.01) C01B 33/02 (2006.01) DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, (21) International Application Number: HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JO, JP, KE, KG, KH, KN, KP, PCT/IB2017/055236 KR, KW, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, (22) International Filing Date: OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, 31 August 2017 (31.08.2017) SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW. (25) Filing Language: English (26) Publication Language: English (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, (30) Priority Data: GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, ST, SZ, TZ, 62/383,372 02 September 2016 (02.09.2016) US UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, TJ, 62/478,535 29 March 2017 (29.03.2017) US TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HR, HU, IE, IS, IT, LT, LU, LV, (71) Applicant: EOCELL LIMITED [CN/CN]; Room 804, MC, MK, MT, NL, NO, PL, PT, RO, RS, SE, SI, SK, SM, Lap Fai Building, 6-8 Pottinger Street, Central, Hong Kong, TR), OAPI (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GQ, GW, Hong Kong (CN). KM, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG). (72) Inventors: MATUS, Yuriy; 4025 Rennellwood Way, Pleasanton, California 94566 (US). HAN, Yongbong; 226 Published: Laidley Street, San Francisco, California 94131 (US). PAK, — with international search report (Art. 21(3)) — Michael; 2200 Lake Road, Belmont, California 94002 = (US). = (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every _ kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, — AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, BZ, = = = = (54) Title: VOLUME CHANGE COMPENSATED SILICON-SILICON OXIDE-LITHIUM COMPOSITE MATERIAL HAVING _ NANO SILICON PARTICLES EMBEDDED IN A SILICON: SILICON LITHIUM SILICATE COMPOSITE MATRIX, AND CY- _ CLICAL EX-SITU MANUFACTURING PROCESSES = (57) : A method for producing a volume change compensated silicon: silicon ox- 110 = = Produce Prelithiated SSLC Material Exhibiting Enhanced, Substantially Complete or Complete Lithiation ide: lithium composite (SSLC) material is disclosed. The method includes producing an initially prelithiated SSLC material; delithiating the initially prelithiated material to pro- duce delithiated least iteration Produce Partially Lithiated SSLC Material a SSLC material; and performing at one of a volume change compensation process involving: (a) re-prelithiating the delithiated SSLC material to pro- = 2 114 --) duce are-prelithiated SSLC material; and (b) delithiating the re-prelithiated SSLC material = = = Complete Reaction of Unreacted Lithium and SiO in the Partially x Lithiated SSLC Material to Produce Further Lithiated SSLC Material produced in (a), wherein at least one of the following is satisfied: (i) prior to performing the at least one iteration of the volume change compensation process the initially prelithi- ated SSLC material is essentially completely lithiated; and (ii) at least one iteration of the = - 120 -, 1 volume change compensation process produces a re-prelithiated SSLC material that is es- — L = Delithiate the Produced Prelithiated SSLC Material to Produce Completely DelithiatedSSLC Material Having Si Nano Particles Embedded in a Porous Plastically Deformable Li. SLC Matrix sentially completely prelithiated. In a fmal iteration of the volume change compensation process, delithiating the re-prelithiated SSLC material produced in (a) completely delithi- ates the re-prelithiated SSLC material to produce the volume change compensated SSLC material. The aforesaid is to, or ex situ with respect to, the fabri- process performed prior _ 130 i cation of an anode that contains the produced volume change compensated SSLC material. Filter / Wash / Dry the Delithiated SSLC Material Il 140 V; Mechanically Stabilize the Delithiated SSLC Material en el 150 i 71 . © GC Enhance the Electrical Conductivity of the Delithiated SSLC Material with Carbon / Carbon Based Matenal(s) (e g , Graphite) 11 © el FIG. 1 loo
SG11201901880SA 2016-09-02 2017-08-31 Volume change compensated silicon-silicon oxide-lithium composite material having nano silicon particles embedded in a silicon: silicon lithium silicate composite matrix, and cyclical ex-situ manufacturing processes SG11201901880SA (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201662383372P 2016-09-02 2016-09-02
US201762478535P 2017-03-29 2017-03-29
PCT/IB2017/055236 WO2018042361A1 (en) 2016-09-02 2017-08-31 Volume change compensated silicon-silicon oxide-lithium composite material having nano silicon particles embedded in a silicon: silicon lithium silicate composite matrix, and cyclical ex-situ manufacturing processes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
SG11201901880SA true SG11201901880SA (en) 2019-03-28

Family

ID=61281505

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
SG11201901880SA SG11201901880SA (en) 2016-09-02 2017-08-31 Volume change compensated silicon-silicon oxide-lithium composite material having nano silicon particles embedded in a silicon: silicon lithium silicate composite matrix, and cyclical ex-situ manufacturing processes

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US10347907B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3507845B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6940595B2 (en)
KR (1) KR102355992B1 (en)
CN (1) CN109923706B (en)
HU (1) HUE055597T2 (en)
MY (1) MY190556A (en)
PL (1) PL3507845T3 (en)
SG (1) SG11201901880SA (en)
TW (1) TWI778974B (en)
WO (1) WO2018042361A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101766535B1 (en) * 2014-10-02 2017-08-10 주식회사 엘지화학 Negative electrode active material for lithium secondary battery, method for preparing the same, and lithium secondary battery comprising the same
JP2019160724A (en) * 2018-03-16 2019-09-19 Tdk株式会社 Negative electrode and lithium ion secondary battery
WO2020129652A1 (en) * 2018-12-21 2020-06-25 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Negative electrode active material for secondary batteries, and secondary battery
US10916763B2 (en) * 2019-06-03 2021-02-09 Enevate Corporation Surface-fluorinated silicon-containing electrodes
CN110311121B (en) * 2019-07-10 2022-05-06 洛阳联创锂能科技有限公司 Lithium-containing silicon oxide negative electrode material for lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof
EP4107807A1 (en) * 2020-02-19 2022-12-28 University of Maryland, College Park High-performance microsized anodes and methods of making and using the same
JP7268633B2 (en) * 2020-04-07 2023-05-08 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Method for producing active material
CN113809285B (en) * 2020-06-12 2023-08-08 比亚迪股份有限公司 Silicon-based composite anode material, preparation method thereof and all-solid-state lithium battery
CN113809309B (en) * 2020-06-12 2023-08-08 比亚迪股份有限公司 Silicon-based composite anode material, preparation method thereof and all-solid-state lithium battery
CN113809330B (en) * 2020-06-12 2023-08-08 比亚迪股份有限公司 Silicon-based composite anode material, preparation method thereof and all-solid-state lithium battery
GB202012302D0 (en) * 2020-08-07 2020-09-23 Kings College Lithiated silicon
CN112164779B (en) * 2020-09-24 2022-03-08 长沙矿冶研究院有限责任公司 Carbon-coated silicon-based negative electrode material and preparation method thereof
CN112234160B (en) * 2020-10-20 2022-02-11 陕西煤业化工技术研究院有限责任公司 Lithium supplementing method for lithium ion battery negative electrode active material
CN112701267B (en) * 2020-12-30 2022-02-08 湖州杉杉新能源科技有限公司 Pre-lithiated silica composite material, negative pole piece, lithium battery and preparation method of pre-lithiated silica composite material
CN114835131A (en) * 2022-03-21 2022-08-02 湖北钛时代新能源有限公司 Preparation method of lithium silicate cathode material and lithium ion battery
DE102022205073A1 (en) 2022-05-20 2023-11-23 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Method for producing a battery cell

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5395811A (en) * 1993-11-15 1995-03-07 The Regents Of The University Of California Highly active π-allylnickel-based polymerization initiators
JP2000243396A (en) * 1999-02-23 2000-09-08 Hitachi Ltd Lithium secondary battery and its manufacture and its negative electrode material and electric apparatus
US8231810B2 (en) * 2004-04-15 2012-07-31 Fmc Corporation Composite materials of nano-dispersed silicon and tin and methods of making the same
US8980453B2 (en) * 2008-04-30 2015-03-17 Medtronic, Inc. Formation process for lithium-ion batteries
CN1790571B (en) * 2004-12-14 2010-05-05 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 High voltage asymmetric super-capacitor and its negative pole preparation method
KR100686783B1 (en) * 2006-01-16 2007-02-26 엘에스전선 주식회사 Anode material for secondary battery, method for producing of itself and secondary batteries using the same
JP4985949B2 (en) * 2006-03-27 2012-07-25 信越化学工業株式会社 Method for producing silicon-silicon oxide-lithium composite, and negative electrode material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery
US7776473B2 (en) * 2006-03-27 2010-08-17 Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. Silicon-silicon oxide-lithium composite, making method, and non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell negative electrode material
US8034485B2 (en) * 2008-05-29 2011-10-11 3M Innovative Properties Company Metal oxide negative electrodes for lithium-ion electrochemical cells and batteries
JP5348706B2 (en) * 2008-12-19 2013-11-20 Ｎｅｃエナジーデバイス株式会社 Negative electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery using the same, and method for producing negative electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery
DE102009033739A1 (en) * 2009-07-17 2011-01-27 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Nanostructured silicon-carbon composites for battery electrodes
JP5411780B2 (en) * 2010-04-05 2014-02-12 信越化学工業株式会社 Anode material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, method for producing anode material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and lithium ion secondary battery
JP5975024B2 (en) * 2011-05-27 2016-08-23 日本電気株式会社 Method for doping and dedoping lithium to negative electrode and method for producing negative electrode for lithium secondary battery
US10340508B2 (en) * 2014-06-16 2019-07-02 The Regents Of The University Of California Porous silicon oxide (SiO) anode enabled by a conductive polymer binder and performance enhancement by stabilized lithium metal power (SLMP)
KR102592237B1 (en) * 2015-03-02 2023-10-20 이오셀 리미티드 Silicon-silicon oxide-lithium composite material having nano-silicon particles embedded in a silicon:silicon lithium silicate composite matrix and method for manufacturing the same
EP4286355A3 (en) * 2015-08-28 2024-05-01 Group14 Technologies, Inc. Novel materials with extremely durable intercalation of lithium and manufacturing methods thereof
PL3586387T3 (en) * 2017-02-21 2024-03-18 Tesla, Inc. Prelithiated energy storage device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3507845B1 (en) 2021-03-31
KR102355992B1 (en) 2022-01-26
EP3507845A4 (en) 2020-04-01
CN109923706B (en) 2022-01-04
TW201817063A (en) 2018-05-01
PL3507845T3 (en) 2021-07-19
KR20190042655A (en) 2019-04-24
HUE055597T2 (en) 2022-05-28
JP2019533878A (en) 2019-11-21
US20180069233A1 (en) 2018-03-08
CN109923706A (en) 2019-06-21
EP3507845A1 (en) 2019-07-10
TWI778974B (en) 2022-10-01
MY190556A (en) 2022-04-27
US10347907B2 (en) 2019-07-09
WO2018042361A1 (en) 2018-03-08
JP6940595B2 (en) 2021-09-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
SG11201901880SA (en) Volume change compensated silicon-silicon oxide-lithium composite material having nano silicon particles embedded in a silicon: silicon lithium silicate composite matrix, and cyclical ex-situ manufacturing processes
SG11201900447SA (en) Methods and compositions for modifying genomic dna
SG11202000330XA (en) Concept for generating an enhanced sound field description or a modified sound field description using a multi-point sound field description
SG11201807636XA (en) Process for producing a polyacrylamide solution with increased viscosity
SG11201808622SA (en) Chimeric receptors to flt3 and methods of use thereof
SG11201809530PA (en) Method for recovery of phosphate
SG11201805451TA (en) Immune effector cell therapies with enhanced efficacy
SG11201806284TA (en) Low pressure separator having an internal divider and uses therefor
SG11201804950PA (en) Use of reactive fluids in additive manufacturing and the products made therefrom
SG11201811336TA (en) Method for producing an electrode catalyst from a perovskite metal oxide
SG11201906468TA (en) Chimeric antigen receptors against axl or ror2 and methods of use thereof
SG11201903329WA (en) Method for preparing electrocompetent yeast cells, and method for using said cells
SG11201806447XA (en) Methods for production of carbon and hydrogen from natural gas and other hydrocarbons
SG11201407774XA (en) Conversion of biomass
SG11201907319QA (en) Gamma delta t cells and a method of augmenting the tumoricidal activity of the same
SG11201810471YA (en) T cell expansion
SG11201809805WA (en) Three-dimensional bioreactor for cell expansion and related applications
SG11201808970YA (en) Methods, apparatuses, and electrodes for carbide-to-carbon conversion with nanostructured carbide chemical compounds
SG11201807624RA (en) Claus unit treatment of shutdown tail gas
SG11201909419XA (en) Hydrogel for cell culture and biomedical applications
SG11201811258UA (en) Process for the production of a dna vaccine for cancer immunotherapy
SG11201908009QA (en) Surface reactivation treatment
SG11201807382RA (en) A single- or multiple component composition for producing a hydrogel
SG11201907011XA (en) Polymer nanocomposite masterbatch, polymer nanocomposite and methods for preparation thereof
SG11201408502XA (en) Method of purifying an antibody