SE537165C2 - Method and system for controlling the defrosting of a heat exchanger - Google Patents
Method and system for controlling the defrosting of a heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- SE537165C2 SE537165C2 SE1150905A SE1150905A SE537165C2 SE 537165 C2 SE537165 C2 SE 537165C2 SE 1150905 A SE1150905 A SE 1150905A SE 1150905 A SE1150905 A SE 1150905A SE 537165 C2 SE537165 C2 SE 537165C2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F17/00—Removing ice or water from heat-exchange apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
- F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
- F24F12/006—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an air-to-air heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/006—Preventing deposits of ice
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
- F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2200/00—Prediction; Simulation; Testing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/56—Heat recovery units
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
- Defrosting Systems (AREA)
Abstract
537 16 Sammandrag Uppfinningen avser en metod for att styra avfrostning av en vdrmevaxlare 1. Metoden innefattar att bestamma varmevaxlarens verkningsgrad j, for aft darefter beakta varmevdxlarens verkningsgrad 11, och sedan Ora en bedomning om varmevaxlaren behover avfrostas. Uppfinningen avser awn ett system for en vartnevaxlare 1. Systemet fOr varmevaxlaren innefattar mdtutrustning 11 i anslutning till varmevdxlaren 1, varvid mdtutrustningen 11 dr anpassad att samla in data for varmevdxlarens verkningsgrad vilken data dr avsedd att anvdndas i en beraningsenhet 12 fOr att berdkna varmevaxlarens verkningsgrad i. Berdkningsenheten 12 är anpassad att sanda en verkningsgradssignal Systemet innefattar dven en utvarderingsenhet 14 anpassad att mottaga verkningsgradssignalen Sri och att bedorna om varmevaxlaren behover avfrostas baserat pa verkningsgraden i. 537 16 Summary The invention relates to a method for controlling defrosting of a heat exchanger 1. The method comprises determining the efficiency j of the heat exchanger, before considering the efficiency of the heat exchanger 11, and then assessing whether the heat exchanger needs to be defrosted. The invention relates to a system for a heat exchanger 1. The system for the heat exchanger comprises measuring equipment 11 in connection with the heat exchanger 1, the measuring equipment 11 being adapted to collect data for the efficiency of the heat exchanger, which data is intended to be used in a heating unit 12 The recovery unit 12 is adapted to transmit an efficiency signal. The system also comprises an evaluation unit 14 adapted to receive the efficiency signal Sri and that the requests if the heat exchanger need to be defrosted based on the efficiency in.
Description
537 16 Titel Metod och system for att styra avfrostning av en varmevaxlare Uppfirmingens omrade Foreliggande uppfinning avser en metod for att styra avfrostning av en varmevaxlare och ett system for en varmevaxlare enligt ingresserna till de oberoende patenticraven. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for controlling defrosting of a heat exchanger and a system for a heat exchanger according to the preambles of the independent patent claims.
Bakgrund till uppfinningen Varmevaxlare kan vara installerade i ventilationssystem i fastigheter sasom exempelvis bostadshus och fastighet dar kommersiell verksamhet bedrivs. Varmevaxlaren syftar till att dels ta tillvara energi i luft som leds ut ur fastigheter, s k franluft dels att ta tillvara energi i luften som leds in i fastigheten, s k tilluft. Vanligen är en varmevaxlare uppbyggd av en franluftskanal, en tilluftskanal, en varmevaxlande enhet for att Overfora energi mellan de bAda kanalema, luftfilter, batterier och flaktar for att leda ut/in frAnluften respektive tilluften. Dessutom kan det finnas for- och eftervarmare anordnade i anslutning till varmevaxlaren. Varmevaxlaren kan behova arbeta olika tider pa dygnet; for en fastighet dar kommersiell verksamhet bedrivs är ventilationssystemet igang under dagtid, nar det ror sig om ett bostadshus ir det storst anvandning av ventilationssystemet och (farmed varmevaxlaren under ett par timmar pa morgonen och under kvallleftermiddag, dock behover ventilationssystemet i ett bostadshus vara mer eller mindre aktivt under hela dygnet. Background of the invention Heat exchangers can be installed in ventilation systems in properties such as residential buildings and properties where commercial activities are conducted. The heat exchanger aims to partly utilize energy in air that is led out of properties, so-called exhaust air, and partly to utilize energy in the air that is led into the property, so-called supply air. Usually, a heat exchanger is made up of an exhaust air duct, a supply air duct, a heat exchanging unit for transferring energy between the two ducts, air filters, batteries and fans to lead in / out of the exhaust air and the supply air, respectively. In addition, there may be pre- and post-heaters arranged in connection with the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger may need to work at different times of the day; for a property where commercial activities are conducted, the ventilation system is running during the day, when it comes to a residential building in the largest use of the ventilation system and (with the heat exchanger for a couple of hours in the morning and during the evening, however, the ventilation system in a residential building needs to be more or less active around the clock.
Varmevaxlaren kan vara installerad i en fastighet i ett klimat dar det pA vinterhalvaret onskas varmare luft inne i fastigheten an utanfor. DA det pa vintem blir utomhustemperaturer som leder till is- eller frostbildning kan det bli nodvandigt att avfrosta varmevaxlaren. Vanligtvis behover detta endast ske i bostadshus dar varmevaxlaren är i drift dygnet runt. I en fastighet dar kommersiell verksamhet bedrivs kan avfrostningen ske automatiskt da varmevaxlaren inte är i drift, dvs. vanligen pa natten som ar den tid cla ingen kommersiell verksamhet bedrivs. The heat exchanger can be installed in a property in a climate where warmer air is desired inside the property than outside during the winter. WHEN in winter there are outdoor temperatures that lead to ice or frost formation, it may be necessary to defrost the heat exchanger. Usually this only needs to be done in residential buildings where the heat exchanger is in operation around the clock. In a property where commercial activities are conducted, defrosting can take place automatically when the heat exchanger is not in operation, ie. usually at night which is the time cla no commercial activity is conducted.
Ett vanligt salt att styra avfrostning for varmevaxlare har varit aft detta sker med regelbundna tidsintervall under de perioder da utomhustemperaturen är under 0 °C eller 1 537 16 daromkring. Ett annat satt att styra avfrostningen av varmevaxlare kan vara aft mata fukthalten i franluft respektive tilluft i kombination med temperaturmatningar. Ett annat vedertaget salt är att berakna tryckfallet Over varmevaxlaren. Ett vanligt satt att avfrosta en varmevaxlare sker genom att flakten for franluften drivs med en hOgre varvtalsfrekvens eller aft s k far-/eftervarmare anvands. Ett annat vanligt satt kan vara aft anvanda en s k "bypass"-funktion. A common salt to control defrosting for heat exchangers has been since this occurs at regular time intervals during the periods when the outdoor temperature is below 0 ° C or about 537 16 thereabouts. Another way of controlling the defrosting of heat exchangers can be to supply the moisture content in the exhaust air or supply air in combination with temperature feeds. Another common salt is to calculate the pressure drop across the heat exchanger. A common method of defrosting a heat exchanger is by driving the exhaust air at a higher speed frequency or using a so-called far / after heater. Another common way may be to use a so-called "bypass" function.
Avfrostning av varmevaxlare regelbundet Over tiden är lampligast fOr varmevaxlare av metall eller liknande, eftersom dessa blir istackta da utomhustemperaturen ligger under 0 °C eller daromkring. Exakt vid vilken temperatur is bildas beror aven pa luftens fuktighetsgrad. Dock har det visat sig att det inte är nodvandigt aft regelbundet avfrosta en varmevaxlare tillverkad av andra material, sasom t ex av plast. Inte heller andra vedertagna metoder for att becloma om varmevaxlaren behover avfrostas har visat sig tillforlitliga. Da utomhustemperaturen ligger under 0 °C bildas det inte is pa en varmevaxlare av plast, utan pafrysningen sker snarare i form av lager av frost eller snii. Defrosting heat exchangers regularly Over time is most appropriate for heat exchangers made of metal or similar, as these become depleted when the outdoor temperature is below 0 ° C or thereabouts. Exactly at what temperature ice is formed also depends on the degree of humidity of the air. However, it has been found that it is not necessary to regularly defrost a heat exchanger made of other materials, such as plastic. Nor have other accepted methods for determining whether the heat exchanger needs to be defrosted proved to be reliable. As the outdoor temperature is below 0 ° C, ice does not form on a plastic heat exchanger, but rather the freezing takes place in the form of layers of frost or snow.
Pafrysningen beror aven pa varmevaxlarens storlek. For en stor varmevaxlare tar pafrysningen langre tid an for en mindre. Darmed kan en mindre varmevaxlare behtiva avfrostas oftare an en stOrre. The freezing also depends on the size of the heat exchanger. For a large heat exchanger, freezing takes longer for a smaller one. Thus, a smaller heat exchanger behtiva can be defrosted more often than a larger one.
Det firms olika typer av varmevaxlare beroende pa i vilket system varmevaxlaren ska anvandas. I ventilationssystem är det vanligt aft anvanda plattvarmevaxlare. Dessa kan exempelvis vara av typen korsstrOmsvarmevaxlare och/eller motstromsvarmevaxlare. There are different types of heat exchangers depending on the system in which the heat exchanger is to be used. In ventilation systems, it is common to use plate heat exchangers. These can be, for example, of the type cross-flow heat exchangers and / or counter-current heat exchangers.
Syftet med foreliggande uppfinning är att astadkotnma ett fOrbattrat satt att styra avfrostning av en varmevaxlare. The object of the present invention is to provide an improved means of controlling defrosting of a heat exchanger.
Sammanfattning av uppfinningen Ovan namnda syften astadkommes med uppfinningen definierad av de oberoende 30 patentkraven. Summary of the Invention The above objects are achieved by the invention defined by the independent claims.
Foredragna utforingsformer definieras av de beroende patenticraven. 2 537 16 Enligt en farsta aspekt avser uppfinningen en metod fOr att styra avfrostning av en varmevdxlare. Varmevdxlaren innefattar en franluftskanal, en tilluftskanal, en flakt for att leda fra'nluft genom franluftskanalen och en varmevaxlande enhet for att Overfara energi mellan dessa bada kanaler. Metoden innefattar att bestdmma varmevaxlarens verkningsgrad, fOr att &Niter beakta vdrmevaxlarens verkningsgrad, och sedan Ora en bedomning om vartnevaxlaren behover avfrostas. Preferred embodiments are defined by the dependent claims. According to a first aspect, the invention relates to a method for controlling defrosting of a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger comprises an exhaust air duct, a supply air duct, a flap for passing exhaust air through the exhaust air duct and a heat exchanging unit for transferring energy between these two ducts. The method includes determining the efficiency of the heat exchanger, so that & Niter takes into account the efficiency of the heat exchanger, and then assessing whether the heat exchanger needs to be defrosted.
Genom att styra avfrostning av en vannevaxlare med avseende pa dess verkningsgrad 10 uppnas en precisare styrning av att bedoma om en avfrostning bOr genomforas. By controlling defrosting of a water exchanger with respect to its efficiency, a more precise control is achieved of judging whether a defrosting should be carried out.
Metoden for att styra avfrostningen av en varmevaxlare kan dven innefatta att beakta en parameter relaterad till rotationen av franluftens Mkt. Genom att styra avfrostningen av en vdrmevdxlare dven med avseende pa parametem relaterad till rotationen av franluftsflakten uppnas en annu precisare styming av att bedoma om en avfrostning bor genornforas. The method for controlling the defrosting of a heat exchanger may also include considering a parameter related to the rotation of the Mkt of the exhaust air. By controlling the defrosting of a heat exchanger valve with respect to the parameters related to the rotation of the exhaust air flake, an even more precise control is achieved of judging whether a defrosting should be carried out.
Enligt en andra aspekt avser uppfinningen ett system fOr en varmevaxlare innefattande en franluftskanal, en tilluftskanal, en fldkt fOr att leda franluft genom franluftskanalen och en varmevaxlande enhet for att overfora energi mellan dessa bada kanaler. Systemet for vdrmevaxlaren innefattar mdt-utmstning i anslutning till vdrmevaxlaren, varvid matutrustningen är anpassad att samla in data for varmevaxlarens verkningsgrad, vilken data är avsedd att anvandas i en berdkningsenhet for aft berdkna vdrmevaxlarens verkningsgrad. Berdkningsenheten är anpassad att sanda en verkningsgradssignal. According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a system for a heat exchanger comprising an exhaust air duct, a supply air duct, a fan for directing exhaust air through the exhaust air duct and a heat exchanging unit for transferring energy between these two ducts. The system for the heat exchanger comprises measuring equipment in connection with the heat exchanger, the food equipment being adapted to collect data for the efficiency of the heat exchanger, which data is intended to be used in a storage unit for calculating the efficiency of the heat exchanger. The recovery unit is adapted to transmit an efficiency signal.
Systemet innefattar dven en utvarderingsenhet anpassad att mottaga verkningsgradssignalen och att bedorna om varmevaxlaren behOver avfrostas baserat pa verkningsgraden. The system also includes an evaluation unit adapted to receive the efficiency signal and to ask if the heat exchanger needs to be defrosted based on the efficiency.
Kort ritningsbeskrivning Figur 1visar schematiskt ett system for en varmevaxlare enligt en utforingsform av foreliggande uppfinning, 3 537 16 Figur 2visar schematiskt ett system for en varmevaxlare enligt en andra utforingsform av foreliggande uppfinning, Figur 3visar schematiskt en metod for att styra avfrostning av en varmevaxlare enligt en utforingsform av fOreliggande uppfinning, Figur 4visar schematiskt en varmevaxlares uppbyggnad, och Figur är ett flOdesdiagram som visar villkoren i en utforingsform av en metod for att styra avfrostning. Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 schematically shows a system for a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 schematically shows a system for a heat exchanger according to a second embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 schematically shows a method for controlling defrosting of a heat exchanger according to a embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 schematically shows the construction of a heat exchanger, and Figure is a flow chart showing the conditions in an embodiment of a method for controlling defrosting.
Detaljerad beskrivning av foredragna utfOringsformer av uppfinningen Figur 1 visar schematiskt ett system fdr en varmevaxlare enligt en utforingsform av foreliggande uppfinning. Varmevaxlaren 1 innefattar en franluftskanal 2, en tilluftskanal 3, en flakt 4 fdr att leda franluft genom franluftskanalen och en varmevaxlande enhet 5 for att Overfora energi mellan dessa bath kanaler. Systemet for varmevaxlaren innefattar matutrustning 11 i anslutning till varmevaxlaren 1, varvid matutrustningen 11 är anpassad att samla in data for varmevaxlarens verkningsgrad i, vilken data är avsedd att anvandas i en berakningsenhet 12 ROr att berakna varmevaxlarens verkningsgrad r. Berakningsenheten 12 är anpassad aft sanda en verkningsgradssignal Sli. Systemet innefattar aven en utvarderingsenhet 14 anpassad aft mottaga verkningsgradssignalen och att bedoma om varmevaxlaren behover avfrostas baserat pa verkningsgraden Matutrustningen innefattar givare som sitter i anslutning till varmevaxlaren fOr att pa insidan mata temperatur i tilluftskanalen, T1111 och temperatur i franluftskanalen, TfrAn samt for aft pa utsidan mata utetemperaturen, Tute. Med hjalp av dessa temperaturer beraknas verkningsgraden av varmevaxlaren pa vedertaget satt i berakningsenheten. Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments of the Invention Figure 1 schematically shows a system for a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention. The heat exchanger 1 comprises an exhaust air duct 2, a supply air duct 3, a flap 4 for directing exhaust air through the exhaust air duct and a heat exchanging unit 5 for transferring energy between these bath ducts. The system for the heat exchanger comprises food equipment 11 in connection with the heat exchanger 1, the food equipment 11 being adapted to collect data for the efficiency of the heat exchanger in, which data is intended to be used in a calculation unit 12 ROr to calculate the heat exchanger efficiency r. efficiency signal Sli. The system also includes an evaluation unit 14 adapted to receive the efficiency signal and to assess whether the heat exchanger needs to be defrosted based on the efficiency. feed the outdoor temperature, Tute. With the aid of these temperatures, the efficiency of the heat exchanger is calculated on the basis set in the calculation unit.
Figur 2 visar schematiskt ett system for en varmevaxlare enligt en andra utforingsform av fOreliggande uppfinning. Flera av de ingaende delarna i figuren har beskrivits i samband med figur 1 ovan. I figur 2 är matutrustningen 11 vidare anpassad att samla in data for en parameter relaterad till rotationen av franluftens flakt N, vilken data är avsedd aft sanunanstallas i en registreringsenhet 13, och varvid registreringsenheten 13 är anpassad att sanda en rotationsparametersignal SN. Systemets utvarderingsenhet 14 är vidare anpassad att mottaga rotationsparametersignalen SN. Darmed kan utvarderingsenheten 14 4 537 16 bedorna om varmevaxlaren behover avfrostas bade med avseende pa verkningsgraden och pa parametem relaterad till rotationen av franluftens Mkt N. Figure 2 schematically shows a system for a heat exchanger according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Several of the integral parts of the figure have been described in connection with Figure 1 above. In Figure 2, the feeding equipment 11 is further adapted to collect data for a parameter related to the rotation of the exhaust air N, which data is intended to be installed in a recording unit 13, and the recording unit 13 is adapted to transmit a rotation parameter signal SN. The system evaluation unit 14 is further adapted to receive the rotation parameter signal SN. Thus, the evaluation unit 14 4 537 16 can ask if the heat exchanger needs to be defrosted both with regard to the efficiency and the parameters related to the rotation of the exhaust air Mkt N.
Matutrustningen innefattar da aven givare som sitter i anslutning till franluftsflakten fOr att mata parametem relaterad till rotationen av franluftens flakt. The feeding equipment then also includes sensors which are connected to the exhaust air surface to feed the parameters related to the rotation of the exhaust air surface.
Figur 3 visar schematiskt en metod for att styra avfrostning av en varmevaxlare enligt en utforingsform av foreliggande uppfinning. Metoden innefattar att bestamma varmevaxlarens verkningsgrad i, for att darefter beakta varmevaxlarens verkningsgrad 10 och sedan Ora en beclonming om varmevaxlaren behover avfrostas. Figure 3 schematically shows a method for controlling defrosting of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method comprises determining the efficiency of the heat exchanger, in order then to consider the efficiency of the heat exchanger 10 and then to consider whether the heat exchanger needs to be defrosted.
Varmevaxlarens verkningsgrad 11 jamfOrs mot ett forutbestamt varde Ill, och da r Metoden for att styra avfrostningen av en varmevaxlare kan aven innefatta aft beakta en parameter relaterad till rotationen av franluftens flakt N. Metoden kan dá jamfora varmevaxlarens verkningsgrad n mot eft forutbestamt varde 112 och sammanstalla parametem relaterad till rotationen av franluftens Mkt N under en viss tid fOr att beralcna forandringen av denna parameter N' Over tiden, N' = kxN. Vardet pa k är alltsa eft matt pa forandringen av rotationsparametem och dar k2 ar ett forutbestamt varde. Sedan Ors bedomningen att da k> k2 och 11 <112 ska avfrostning av varmevaxlaren ske. Vardet pa k2 ligger i intervallet mellan 0,0001 och 0,1, dar ett fOredraget varde är 0,005. Vardet pa n2 ligger i intervallet mellan 0,80 och 0,90, dar ett foredraget varde är 0,88. Vardet pa 112 kan aven vara ett annat inom intervallet sasom 0,82; 0,84 eller 0,86. The efficiency of the heat exchanger 11 is compared to a predetermined value III, and then the method for controlling the defrosting of a heat exchanger may also include considering a parameter related to the rotation of the exhaust air flake N. The method can then compare the heat exchanger efficiency n to a predetermined value 112 and the parameter related to the rotation of the Mkt N of the exhaust air during a certain time to calculate the change of this parameter N 'Over time, N' = kxN. The value of k is thus measured by the change of the rotation parameter and where k2 is a predetermined value. Since Ors' assessment that da k> k2 and 11 <112, defrosting of the heat exchanger should take place. The value of k2 is in the range between 0.0001 and 0.1, where a preferred value is 0.005. The value of n2 is in the range between 0.80 and 0.90, where a preferred value is 0.88. The value of 112 may also be different within the range such as 0.82; 0.84 or 0.86.
Metoden kan Liven anvanda parametem relaterad till rotationen av franluftens flakt, N for 30 att avgora om N> (a + bxNnorm). Ora detta villkor är uppfyllt Ors bedomningen att avfrostning av varmevaxlaren ska ske. Nnonn är normvardet av parametern relaterad till rotationen av franluftens flat. Vardet pa a ligger lampligen i intervallet mellan 0 och 0, 537 16 samt vardet pa b ligger lampligen i intervallet mellan 0,6 och 1,3. Foretradesvis är a = 0,3 och b = 0,85, men aven andra varden i dessa intervall kan vara lampliga sasom fOr a 0,1; 0,2 eller 0,4 samt fOr b exempelvis 0,7; 1,0; eller 1,15. The method allows Liven to use the parameters related to the rotation of the exhaust air flow, N to determine if N> (a + bxNnorm). If this condition is met, Ors' assessment that defrosting of the heat exchanger should take place. Nnonn is the standard value of the parameter related to the rotation of the flat air. The value of a is suitably in the range between 0 and 0, 537 16 and the value of b is probably in the range between 0.6 and 1.3. Preferably a = 0.3 and b = 0.85, but also other values in these ranges may be appropriate as for a 0.1; 0.2 or 0.4 and fOr b for example 0.7; 1.0; or 1.15.
Metoden innefattar vidare att detektera att varmevaxlaren har varit is- och frostfri under atminstone en tid tis vid en genomsnittlig utomhustemperatur Tut. Detta sker i syfte att kalibrera matutrustning 11 i anslutning till varmevaxlaren samt fOr att kalibrera normvardet av parametern relaterad till rotationen av franluftens flakt, Nnorm. Lampligen ligger ti s i intervallet mellan 12 och 48 timmar och Tut satts till +4 °C. Varden som kan vara lampliga att anvanda for tis ar exempelvis 24 eller 36 timmar, eller ett annat varde detta interval Och for Tut kan aven eft nagot hogre eller lagre varde vara lampligt, exempelvis +3; +3,5 eller 4,5 °C. The method further comprises detecting that the heat exchanger has been ice and frost free for at least one time tis at an average outdoor temperature Tut. This is done in order to calibrate food equipment 11 in connection with the heat exchanger and to calibrate the standard value of the parameter related to the rotation of the exhaust air flow, Nnorm. The lamp is in the range between 12 and 48 hours and Tut is set to +4 ° C. The value that can be suitable for use on Tuesdays is, for example, 24 or 36 hours, or another value this interval. +3.5 or 4.5 ° C.
Metoden innefattar aven verifiering om avfrostning skett inom en tid tAF. Om avfrostning har skett Mom denna tid Ors en ny bedomning om varmevaxlaren behOver avfrostas tiden tAF eftcr senaste avfrostningen. Tiden for senaste avfrostningen, tAF sans lampligen till 12 timmar. Det är aven mOjligt att denna tid ar kortare eller langre sasom i intervallet mellan 6 och 24 timmar, exempelvis 10, 14, 18 eller 21 timmar. The method also includes verification if defrosting has taken place within a time tAF. If defrosting has taken place Mom this time Ors a new assessment if the heat exchanger needs to be defrosted tAF after the last defrosting. The time for the last defrost, tAF sans aptly to 12 hours. It is also possible that this time is shorter or longer as in the interval between 6 and 24 hours, for example 10, 14, 18 or 21 hours.
Da metoden har detekterat att en avfrostning är nodvandig finns olika satt hur forloppet for att avfrosta varmevaxlaren gar till sasom beslcrivits ovan i bakgrunden till uppfinningen. Since the method has detected that a defrost is necessary, there are different ways in which the process for defrosting the heat exchanger proceeds as described above in the background of the invention.
Figur 4 visar schematiskt hur en varmevaxlare 1 kan vara uppbyggd. Det finns en franluftskanal 2 for att leda ut franluft Lf ut ur fastigheten i vilken varmevaxlaren är installerad och en tilluftskanal 3 for att leda in tilluft Lt in till fastigheten. Sasom namnts ovan mats temperaturer i anslutning till varmevaxlaren for att beralcna varmevaxlarens verkningsgrad. Givare sitter i anslutning till varmevaxlaren for att pa insidan, kallat INNE i figuren, mata temperatur i tilluftskanalen, Ttill och temperatur i franluftskanalen, Tfran samt pa utsidan (UTE) fOr att mata utetemperaturen, Tuto. Varmevaxlarens verkningsgrad, ri beraknas enligt fOljande: Tau Tute frail Tute 6 537 16 Varmevaxlarens verkningsgrad, kan vara en medelverkningsgrad som beraknas som ett medelvarde av verkningsgraden under ett visst antal timmar, exempelvis 1, 2, 4, 8 eller 12 timmar. Dock sker kontinuerlig registrering av de parametrar som matutrustningen 11 5 mater. Figure 4 shows schematically how a heat exchanger 1 can be constructed. There is an exhaust air duct 2 for directing exhaust air Lf out of the property in which the heat exchanger is installed and a supply air duct 3 for directing supply air Lt into the property. As mentioned above, temperatures are measured in connection with the heat exchanger to calculate the efficiency of the heat exchanger. Sensors are located next to the heat exchanger to on the inside, called INSIDE the figure, feed temperature in the supply air duct, On and temperature in the exhaust air duct, Tfran and on the outside (OUT) to feed the outside temperature, Tuto. The efficiency of the heat exchanger is calculated as follows: Tau Tute frail Tute 6 537 16 The efficiency of the heat exchanger can be an average efficiency calculated as an average of the efficiency over a certain number of hours, for example 1, 2, 4, 8 or 12 hours. However, the parameters that the feeding equipment 11 feeds are continuously registered.
Dessutom är det lampligt att en givare sitter i anslutning till franluftsflakten 4 fOr att mata en parameter relaterad till rotationen av franluftsflakten. Parametern relaterad till rotationen av franluftens fiat kan t ex vara att mata varvfrekvensen fOr flakten (vanligen i enheten vary per minut) eller en styrsignal till flakten som bestammer dess rotation (exempelvis en spanningssignal). Franluftsflakten 4 sitter i franluftskanalen pa insidan av varmevaxlaren. Varmevaxlaren innefattar aven en flakt 6 for att leda in tilluft, denna sitter lampligen pa utsidan av varmevaxlaren i tilluftskanalen. Vidare innefattar varmevaxlaren en varmevaxlande enhet 5 for att overfora energi mellan franlufts- och tilluftskanalen. In addition, it is appropriate for a sensor to be adjacent to the exhaust air gap 4 to feed a parameter related to the rotation of the exhaust air gap. The parameter related to the rotation of the exhaust air fiat can be, for example, feeding the rotational frequency of the plane (usually in the unit vary per minute) or a control signal to the plane which determines its rotation (for example a voltage signal). The exhaust air flap 4 is located in the exhaust air duct on the inside of the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger also comprises a flap 6 for guiding supply air, this is suitably located on the outside of the heat exchanger in the supply air duct. Furthermore, the heat exchanger comprises a heat exchanging unit 5 for transferring energy between the exhaust air and supply air duct.
Figur 5 ar ett flodesdiagram som illustrerar villkoren i en utforingsform av en metod fOr att styra avfrostning av en varmevaxlare enligt fareliggande uppfinning. Sasom beskrivits ovan i samband med figur 1 och 2 är berakningsenheten 12 anpassad att sanda en verkningsgradssignal ST1 och registreringsenheten 13 är anpassad att sanda en rotationsparametersignal SN. Dessa signaler innehaller information om aktuell verkningsgrad 11 och aktuellt varde pa parametern relaterad till rotationen av franluftens Mkt N, vilka utvarderas i flodesdiagrammet enligt fOljande. Figure 5 is a flow chart illustrating the conditions in one embodiment of a method for controlling defrosting of a heat exchanger according to the present invention. As described above in connection with Figures 1 and 2, the calculating unit 12 is adapted to transmit an efficiency signal ST1 and the recording unit 13 is adapted to transmit a rotation parameter signal SN. These signals contain information about the current efficiency 11 and the current value of the parameter related to the rotation of the Mkt N of the exhaust air, which are evaluated in the flow diagram as follows.
Inledningsvis Ors en verifiering om avfrostning skett Mom en tid tAF. Om avfrostning har skett Mom denna tid Ors en ny bedOmning om varmevaxlaren behOver avfrostas tiden tAF efter senaste avfrostningen. Under kallare perioder kan det vara lampligt att avfrostning sker hogst tva ganger per dygn, dvs. med ca 12 timmars mellanrum, sasom beskrivits ovan. Initially, a verification of defrosting took place Mom a while tAF. If defrosting has taken place Mom this time Ors a new assessment if the heat exchanger needs to be defrosted tAF after the last defrosting. During colder periods, it may be appropriate for defrosting to take place at most twice a day, ie. at approximately 12 hour intervals, as described above.
Darefter Ors en bedOmning om avfrostning ska ske genom att beakta varmevaxlarens verkningsgrad TI, dar verkningsgraden jamfors mot en forutbestamt varde Om den aktuella verkningsgraden i da är lagre an det fOrutbestamda vardet ri ska en avfrostning 7 537 16 genomfdras. Om daremot den aktuella verkningsgraden r är hagre an det forutbestamda vardet ii ska atminstone ytterligare ett villkor bedamas for aft avgora om en avfrostning ska ske. Thereafter, an assessment of defrosting shall be made by considering the efficiency of the heat exchanger TI, where the efficiency is compared with a predetermined value. If, on the other hand, the current efficiency is better than the predetermined value ii, at least one additional condition must be assessed in order to decide whether a defrost should take place.
I nasta steg bedtims om en avfrostning ska genomfOras genom aft bade beakta varmevaxlarens verkningsgrad och parametern relaterad till rotationen av franluftens flakt N. DA bade villkoret att den aktuella verkningsgraden r ar lagre an det farutbestamda vardet TI2 och det aktuella vardet pa parametern relaterad till forandringen av frAnluftsflaktens rotation k är hogre an ett forutbestamt varde k2 ska en avfrostning genomforas. Ar nagot av dessa bada villkor inte uppfyllda kommer avfrostningen inte bedOmas nadvandig, utan da bedoms ytterligare eft villkor for att avgara om en avfrostning ska ske. In the next step it is decided whether a defrost should be carried out by taking into account both the efficiency of the heat exchanger and the parameter related to the rotation of the exhaust air N. DA both the condition that the current efficiency is lower than the predetermined value TI2 from the rotation k of the airflow is higher than a predetermined value k2, a defrost must be carried out. If any of these two conditions are not met, the defrost will not be deemed necessary, but will then be assessed further according to the conditions for deciding whether a defrost should take place.
Slutligen kommer i ett sista steg bedomningen om avfrostningen ske enbart aft goras utifran parametern relaterad till rotationen av frAnluftens flakt N. DA den aktuella parametern relaterad till rotationen av franluftens flakt N är stOrre an a + bxNnorm, gOrs bedomning att avfrostning av varmevaxlaren ska ske. Nnorm är ett farutbestamt normvarde av parametern relaterad till rotationen av franluftens flakt samt a och b är forutbestamda faktorer. Finally, in a final step, the assessment of defrosting will only be made on the basis of the parameter related to the rotation of the exhaust air flake N. DA the current parameter related to the rotation of the exhaust air flake N is greater than a + bxNnorm, gOrs assessment that defrosting of the heat exchanger should take place. Norm is a hazardous norm value of the parameter related to the rotation of the exhaust air and a and b are predetermined factors.
Far att Ora en bedomning om avfrostning bor ske kan det alltsa enbart med hjalp av varmevaxlarens verkningsgrad vara mojlig aft bestamma nar avfrostning behOver ske. Alternativt sa kombineras detta med att aven beakta parametern relaterad till rotationen av frAnluftens flakt. If an assessment is to be made as to whether defrosting should take place, it can therefore only be possible to determine when defrosting needs to take place with the aid of the heat exchanger's efficiency. Alternatively, this is combined with also considering the parameter related to the rotation of the air flow.
Foreliggande uppfinning är inte begransad till ovan beskrivna foredragna utfaringsformer. Olika altemativ, modifieringar och ekvivalenter kan anvandas. Ovan namnda utfdringsformer skall dad& inte betraktas som begransande for uppfinningens skyddsomfang, vilket definieras av de bifogade patentkraven. 8 The present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. Various alternatives, modifications and equivalents can be used. The above-mentioned embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, as defined by the appended claims. 8
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE1150905A SE537165C2 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2011-09-30 | Method and system for controlling the defrosting of a heat exchanger |
| PCT/SE2012/051034 WO2013048327A1 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2012-09-27 | Method and system for controlling defrosting of a heat-exchanger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE1150905A SE537165C2 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2011-09-30 | Method and system for controlling the defrosting of a heat exchanger |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| SE1150905A1 SE1150905A1 (en) | 2013-03-31 |
| SE537165C2 true SE537165C2 (en) | 2015-02-24 |
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| SE1150905A SE537165C2 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2011-09-30 | Method and system for controlling the defrosting of a heat exchanger |
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| SE (1) | SE537165C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013048327A1 (en) |
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| SE540735C2 (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-10-23 | Flaektgroup Sweden Ab | Method for counteracting the build-up of frost on a heat recycler arranged at an air treatment unit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FI76210C (en) * | 1986-02-03 | 1988-09-09 | Ilmateollisuus Oy | Method for controlling a heat exchanger in a ventilation system |
| US20060151165A1 (en) * | 2002-08-16 | 2006-07-13 | Bertrand Poirier | Proportional control system for a motor |
| JP2005233494A (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2005-09-02 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Heat exchange type ventilator |
| FI20050016A (en) * | 2005-01-07 | 2006-07-08 | Iloxair Oy | Method for Preventing Freezing Heat in a Cross-Flow or Countercurrent Air Conditioning Air Conditioner, Checking Supply Air Filter Clogging, and Adjusting Airflow Controls |
| JP4978303B2 (en) * | 2007-05-15 | 2012-07-18 | パナソニック株式会社 | Heat exchange ventilator |
| CA2596151A1 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2009-02-03 | Air Tech Equipment Ltd. | Method and apparatus for controlling ventilation system |
-
2011
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| WO2013048327A1 (en) | 2013-04-04 |
| SE1150905A1 (en) | 2013-03-31 |
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