SE536639C2 - Surveillance reduction control system in hydropower stations - Google Patents
Surveillance reduction control system in hydropower stations Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SE536639C2 SE536639C2 SE1230080A SE1230080A SE536639C2 SE 536639 C2 SE536639 C2 SE 536639C2 SE 1230080 A SE1230080 A SE 1230080A SE 1230080 A SE1230080 A SE 1230080A SE 536639 C2 SE536639 C2 SE 536639C2
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- generator
- switch
- electrical
- sensor units
- control system
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P3/00—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P3/06—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/06—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric generators; for synchronous capacitors
- H02H7/067—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric generators; for synchronous capacitors on occurrence of a load dump
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/10—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/30—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using dynamo-electric machines coupled to flywheels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
Description
30 536 639 kopplar in en extern last till generatorn efter det att generatorn har frånkopplats från det elektriska nätet. Den externa lasten (härefter kallad elektrisk last) hindrar övervarvning av turbinen och man får mer tid på sig att kontrollera flödet genom enheten, vilket innebär att man kan stänga ledskenorna så långsamt som krävs för att undvika hydrauliska transienter utan att samtidigt orsaka övervarv hos det roterande systemet. 30 536 639 connects an external load to the generator after the generator has been disconnected from the mains. The external load (hereinafter referred to as electric load) prevents overheating of the turbine and you have more time to control the fate through the unit, which means that you can close the guide rails as slowly as required to avoid hydraulic transients without simultaneously causing overheating of the rotating the system.
Elektriska laster för varvtalsstyrning eller för att förhindra övervarvning av framför allt ångturbiner har föreslagits i tidigare patent EP 0098047, WO 2009 / 038562. Liknande ideer har även synts i senare patent DE 19839636, DE 10 2004 016450. I WO 2011/018404 fokuseras det på att minska stängningstiden, emedan det I föreliggande ansökan fokuseras på att kunna utöka stängninstiden för turbinen för att förhindra problem orsakade av hydrauliskatransienter i vattenvägarna i en vattenkraftstation.Electric loads for speed control or to prevent overheating of especially steam turbines have been proposed in previous patents EP 0098047, WO 2009 / 038562. Similar ideas have also been seen in later patents DE 19839636, DE 10 2004 016450. In WO 2011/018404 the focus is on to reduce the closing time, since the present application focuses on being able to extend the closing time of the turbine in order to prevent problems caused by hydraulic transients in the waterways of a hydropower station.
På elnätet finns ibland en annordning som benämns bromsmotstånd (på Engelska: ”braking resistor”). Dessa inkopplas dock under mycket kortare tidsperioder än den föreslagna annordningen, och syftet är att stabilisera elnätet, uppfinningen som refereras till i detta dokument är installerad på en vattenkraftstation för att skydda vattenkraftstationen.There is sometimes a device on the mains called a braking resistor. However, these are switched on for much shorter periods of time than the proposed device, and the purpose is to stabilize the electricity grid, the invention referred to in this document is installed on a hydropower station to protect the hydropower station.
Den beskrivna annordningen kan även användas för normala driftstopp då generatorn kopplats från nätet och aggregatet ska stannas. Genom bibehållen rotormagnetisering och inkoppling av den elektriska lasten erhålls ett bromsande vridmoment på axeln som snabbare reducerar varvtalet än fallet då ingen elektrisk last är inkopplad.The described device can also be used for normal downtime when the generator is disconnected from the mains and the unit is to be stopped. By maintaining rotor magnetization and switching on the electric load, a braking torque is obtained on the shaft which reduces the speed faster than the case when no electric load is switched on.
SAMMANDRAG AV UPPFINNINGEN Ovan beskrivna problem löses med uppfinningen såsom den defineras i krav 1 och 7. En elektrisk last kopplas till terminalerna på generatorn via en elektrisk omkopplare. Den elektriska omkopplaren får signal från ett kontrollsystem att sluta den elektriska kontakten mellan generator och en 10 15 20 25 30 536 639 elektrisk last. Kontrollsystemet i sin tur reagerar på signaler från generatorbrytare, som kopplar generatorn till ett elnät, samt från generatorn självt. Då kontrollsystemet detekterar en varvtalsökning på generatorn, vilket även kan detekteras genom att mäta den elektriska frekvensen, samt att generatorbrytaren övergår till öppet läge skickas en signal till den elektriska omkopplaren att koppla in den elektriska lasten.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The problems described above are solved by the invention as defined in claims 1 and 7. An electrical load is connected to the terminals of the generator via an electrical switch. The electrical switch receives a signal from a control system to close the electrical contact between the generator and an electrical load. The control system in turn responds to signals from generator switches, which connect the generator to a mains, as well as from the generator itself. When the control system detects a speed increase on the generator, which can also be detected by measuring the electrical frequency, and that the generator switch switches to the open position, a signal is sent to the electrical switch to switch on the electrical load.
Vid ett normalstopp kommer kontrollsystemet att aktivera den elektriska omkopplaren till slutet läge då den elektriska uteffekten är nära noll samt att generatorbrytaren övergår till öppet läge.At a normal stop, the control system will activate the electrical switch to the closed position when the electrical output power is close to zero and the generator switch switches to the open position.
KORTFATTAD FIGURBESKRIVNING Figur 1 visar schematiskt en utföringsform av uppñnningen.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 schematically shows an embodiment of the invention.
DETALJERAD BESKRIVNING AV UPPFININGEN Figur l illustrerar schematiskt uppñnningens art. En vattenkraftanläggning bestående av en eller flera turbiner (1) kopplade till en generator (2). Via en elektrisk brytare eller kraftelektronik (3) förmedlas den elektriska effekten ut till distribuerade eller lokaliserade laster eller det elektriska sammankopplade elnätet (4). Då någon händelse detekteras av i stationen installerat skyddsystem som aktiverar brytaren eller kraftelektroniken (3) så att den utmatade elektriska effekten till elnätet (4) från generatorn försvinner skickas signaler till kontrollsystemet (5). Signalerna består av generatorbrytarens (3) läge, samt avgiven aktiv effekt eller varvtal som fås från generatorn (2), men år inte begränsad till dessa signaler.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Figure 1 schematically illustrates the nature of the invention. A hydropower plant consisting of one or more turbines (1) connected to a generator (2). Via an electrical switch or power electronics (3), the electrical power is transmitted to distributed or located loads or the electrically interconnected mains (4). When an event is detected by a protection system installed in the station that activates the switch or the power electronics (3) so that the output electrical power to the mains (4) from the generator disappears, signals are sent to the control system (5). The signals consist of the position of the generator switch (3), as well as the delivered active power or speed obtained from the generator (2), but are not limited to these signals.
Kontrollsystemet (5) är anpassat att mottaga signaler om generatorbrytarens läge samt generatorns varvtal.The control system (5) is adapted to receive signals about the position of the generator switch and the speed of the generator.
Lastfrånslaget som indikeras av att (3) övergår i öppet läge, samt att antingen varvtalet ökar på det roterande systemet eller att elektrisk uteffekt går ned nära noll, detekteras av kontrollsystemet (5) att styra brytare eller 10 15 20 25 30 536 639 kraftelektronik (6) (härmed kallas bägge realisationer för omkopplare) för att dirigera om den elektriska effekten till den utrustning (7) som ska ta hand om den elektriska effekten. Denna utrustning består av antingen en elektrisk last eller ett energilager som kan ta emot elektrisk energi.. I vissa annordningar kan det även finnas en transformator emellan generator (2) och den utrustning som tar emot den elektriska effekten (7). Annordningen är utförd så att den elektriska omkopplaren (6) befinner sig mellan generatorn (2) och generatorns brytare (3).The load cut-off, which is indicated by (3) switching to the open position, and by either the speed increasing on the rotating system or the electrical output decreasing near zero, is detected by the control system (5) to control switches or power electronics (5). 6) (hereby both realizations are called switches) to redirect the electrical power to the equipment (7) that will take care of the electrical power. This equipment consists of either an electrical load or an energy storage that can receive electrical energy. In some devices there may also be a transformer between the generator (2) and the equipment that receives the electrical power (7). The device is designed so that the electrical switch (6) is located between the generator (2) and the switch (3) of the generator.
Annordningen (7) för att ta hand om den elektriska effekten kan bestå av en elektrisk last, eller lagringssystem för energi såsom exempelvis svänghjul, batterier, komprimerad luft, men är inte begränsad till dessa applikationer.The device (7) for handling the electric power may consist of an electric load, or storage system for energy such as flywheels, batteries, compressed air, but is not limited to these applications.
Den elektriska lasten är i ett utförande bestående av en elektrisk resistans som är utförd i ett vattenbad.The electric load is in an embodiment consisting of an electrical resistance which is made in a water bath.
Den elektriska omkopplaren (6) består av antingen en brytare eller av kraftelektronik som elektriskt kopplar in den externa elektriska lasten.The electrical switch (6) consists of either a switch or power electronics that electrically connect the external electrical load.
Systemlösningen är annordnat så att det kan användas för att elektriskt bromsa det roterande systemet även vid normala driftstopp.The system solution is arranged so that it can be used to electrically brake the rotating system even during normal downtime.
Utrustningen som beskrivits kan även användas vid andra stopptillfällen för turbin (1) och generator (2). Vid normalstopp, eller så kallade snabbavlastade stopp, då generatoruteffekten är i det närmaste noll då generatorbrytaren (3) kopplar ifrån generatorn (2) från det omkringliggande elnätet (4), kan kontrollsystemet (5) anmoda den elektriska omkopplaren (6) att sluta så att den elektriska lasten (7) tar emot elektrisk effekt. Därmed kommer varvtalet att minska snabbare förbi kritiska varvtal för det roterande systemet (bestående av turbin (1), axel och generator (2)) varmed man därigenom kan undvika vibrationsproblem i vattenkraftstationen.The equipment described can also be used at other stopping times for turbine (1) and generator (2). During normal stops, or so-called quick-relief stops, when the generator output power is almost zero when the generator switch (3) disconnects the generator (2) from the surrounding mains (4), the control system (5) can request the electrical switch (6) to stop so that the electric load (7) receives electric power. Thus, the speed will decrease faster past critical speeds for the rotating system (consisting of turbine (1), shaft and generator (2)), thereby avoiding vibration problems in the hydropower station.
I fallet då det beskrivna systemet används regelbundet vid normala driftstopp kan den alstrade energin omhändertas i stationen eller dess omgivning, antingen för lokalkraft då den elektriska lasten är annordnat som ett lagringssystem för elektrisk effekt, eller för uppvärmning av lokaler 536 639 då den elektriska lasten är annordnad att effekten värmer en mängd vatten.In the case where the described system is used regularly during normal downtime, the generated energy can be disposed of in the station or its surroundings, either for local power when the electric load is arranged as a storage system for electric power, or for heating rooms 536 639 when the electric load is arranged that the effect heats a quantity of water.
Då lasten är en elektrisk last och liknande stopp sker kommer en icke obetydande värmemängd att alstras. Då lasten (7) är ett lagringssystem för elektrisk energi kan denna tjäna som reservkraft i vattenkraftstationen, och där användas som lokalkraft eller som nödkraft.Since the load is an electric load and similar stops occur, a not insignificant amount of heat will be generated. Since the load (7) is a storage system for electrical energy, this can serve as reserve power in the hydropower station, and there be used as local power or as emergency power.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE1230080A SE536639C2 (en) | 2012-08-15 | 2012-08-15 | Surveillance reduction control system in hydropower stations |
PCT/SE2013/050971 WO2014027951A1 (en) | 2012-08-15 | 2013-08-14 | Control system for overspeed reduction in water power plants |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE1230080A SE536639C2 (en) | 2012-08-15 | 2012-08-15 | Surveillance reduction control system in hydropower stations |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
SE1230080A1 SE1230080A1 (en) | 2014-02-16 |
SE536639C2 true SE536639C2 (en) | 2014-04-22 |
Family
ID=50272806
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
SE1230080A SE536639C2 (en) | 2012-08-15 | 2012-08-15 | Surveillance reduction control system in hydropower stations |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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SE (1) | SE536639C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014027951A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE520399C2 (en) * | 2001-03-23 | 2003-07-08 | Abb Ab | Electric power plant with means to dampen power commuting, as well as associated process, microprocessor and computer software product |
US7276807B2 (en) * | 2006-01-19 | 2007-10-02 | General Electric Company | Wind turbine dump load system and method |
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2012
- 2012-08-15 SE SE1230080A patent/SE536639C2/en unknown
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2013
- 2013-08-14 WO PCT/SE2013/050971 patent/WO2014027951A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2014027951A1 (en) | 2014-02-20 |
SE1230080A1 (en) | 2014-02-16 |
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