SE530917C2 - Process and apparatus for separating different elements and / or their compounds from each other - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for separating different elements and / or their compounds from each other

Info

Publication number
SE530917C2
SE530917C2 SE0502431A SE0502431A SE530917C2 SE 530917 C2 SE530917 C2 SE 530917C2 SE 0502431 A SE0502431 A SE 0502431A SE 0502431 A SE0502431 A SE 0502431A SE 530917 C2 SE530917 C2 SE 530917C2
Authority
SE
Sweden
Prior art keywords
materials
cyclone
different materials
electrostatic separation
cyclone device
Prior art date
Application number
SE0502431A
Other languages
Swedish (sv)
Other versions
SE0502431L (en
Inventor
Erik Baecklund
Original Assignee
Airgrinder Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airgrinder Ab filed Critical Airgrinder Ab
Priority to SE0502431A priority Critical patent/SE530917C2/en
Priority to PCT/SE2006/001247 priority patent/WO2007053089A1/en
Priority to EP06812970A priority patent/EP1948365A4/en
Publication of SE0502431L publication Critical patent/SE0502431L/en
Priority to ZA2008/03868A priority patent/ZA200803868B/en
Publication of SE530917C2 publication Critical patent/SE530917C2/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/14—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by the additional use of mechanical effects, e.g. gravity
    • B03C3/15—Centrifugal forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C7/00—Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect
    • B03C7/003—Pretreatment of the solids prior to electrostatic separation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C7/00—Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect
    • B03C7/006—Charging without electricity supply, e.g. by tribo-electricity, pyroelectricity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C7/00—Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect
    • B03C7/02—Separators
    • B03C7/12—Separators with material falling free
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/12—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits
    • B04C5/13—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits formed as a vortex finder and extending into the vortex chamber; Discharge from vortex finder otherwise than at the top of the cyclone; Devices for controlling the overflow
    • B04C2005/133—Adjustable vortex finder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
    • B04C2009/001—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks with means for electrostatic separation

Landscapes

  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)

Description

530 91? 2 laddning. Den malda materialblandningen A-C som lämnar cyklonanordningen vidarebehandlas medelst elektrostatisk separation där man använder sig av åtminstone två elektroder El ,E2 med olika elektrisk potential. Man använder sig exempelvis av plattformi ga elektroder som är varierbart spänningsförsörjda så att anläggningen är intrimningsbar för olika driftsfall. 530 91? 2 charge. The ground material mixture A-C leaving the cyclone device is further processed by means of electrostatic separation using at least two electrodes E1, E2 with different electrical potential. For example, platform electrodes are used that are variably supplied with voltage so that the system can be tuned for different operating cases.

Det nyssnämnda är schematiskt visat i fig 3 där en materialblandning A-C tillförs en cyklonanordning 10. När materialblandningen A-C lämnar cyklonanordningen 10 har den ytterligare krossats och torkats samtidigt som de elektrostatiska laddningarna hos materialen A-C har förändrats genom att laddningama har ökats i olika grader. Av cyklonanordningen 10 behandlad materialblandning A-C har i tig 3 betecknats med 50. Ett eventuellt mellansteg har betecknats med 60. En anordning 70 för elektrostatisk separation, som innefattar elektroder El ,E2 används därefter för att separera materialen A-C i tre olika högar 81-83 såsom är illustrerat i fig 3. Anordningarnas detaljutformning och uppbyggnad kan naturligtvis varieras på många olika sätt inom ramen för uppfinningsidén.The above is schematically shown in fi g 3 where a material mixture A-C is fed to a cyclone device 10. When the material mixture A-C leaves the cyclone device 10, it has been further crushed and dried while the electrostatic charges of materials A-C have been changed by increasing the charges to varying degrees. The material mixture AC treated by the cyclone device 10 is denoted by 50 in Fig. 3. An optional intermediate step is denoted by 60. An electrostatic separation device 70 comprising electrodes E1, E2 is then used to separate the materials AC into three different piles 81-83 such as is illustrated in fi g 3. The detailed design and construction of the devices can of course be varied in many different ways within the framework of the idea of invention.

Den i fig 3 visade elektrostatiska separationsanordningen 70 innefattar två plattfonniga elektroder El och E2. I det visade exemplet utgör elektroden El minuspol och elektroden E2 pluspol.The electrostatic separation device 70 shown in Fig. 3 comprises two flat electrodes E1 and E2. In the example shown, the electrode E1 is a negative pole and the electrode E2 a positive pole.

Potentialskillnaden mellan elektrodema anpassas naturligtvis till de olika materialen som skall separeras och deras elektrostatiska uppladdning. De visade elektrodema El och E2 divergerar från varandra räknat i materialens fallriktning. Detta för att man skall erhålla önskat materialpartikelfallmönster vid materialsepareringen såsom är indikerat i figuren.The potential difference between the electrodes is of course adapted to the different materials to be separated and their electrostatic charge. The electrodes E1 and E2 shown diverge from each other in the direction of fall of the materials. This is in order to obtain the desired material particle fall pattern during the material separation as indicated in the figure.

Positivt laddade materialpartiklar som kommer från cyklonanordningen 10 hamnar således i materialhögen 81, negativt laddade materialpartiklar som kommer från cyklonanordningen 10 hamnar i materialhögen 83, och oladdade eller svagt laddade partiklar hamnar i materialhögen 82 hos en uppsamlingsanordning 80. Partikelfallmönstret är schematiskt indikerat med streckade linjer i fig 3.Positively charged material particles coming from the cyclone device 10 thus end up in the material pile 81, negatively charged material particles coming from the cyclone device 10 end up in the material pile 83, and uncharged or weakly charged particles end up in the material pile 82 of a collection device 80. fi g 3.

Det skall inses att den elektrostatiska separationsanordningen kan vara uppbyggd på många olika sätt inom ramen för föreliggande uppfinningsidé.It will be appreciated that the electrostatic separation device may be constructed in many different ways within the scope of the present inventive concept.

Exempel Man tillför våt slig till cyklonanordningen 10. Medelst cyklonanordningen 10 kan tillförd rnaterialblandning finkrossas och avfuktas i samma moment och det finkrossade materialet kan exempelvis erhålla en partikelstorlek på ca 0,05-0,15 mm. Vid behandlingen i cyklonanordningen 10 krossas och torkas sligens materialinnehåll och materialen som länmar cyklonanordningen är triboelektriskt uppladdade, varvid önskade egenskaper kan fintrimmas genom reglering av cyklonanordningens driftsparametrar.Example Wet sludge is added to the cyclone device 10. By means of the cyclone device 10, the supplied material mixture can be finely crushed and dehumidified in the same step and the crushed material can, for example, obtain a particle size of about 0.05-0.15 mm. During the treatment in the cyclone device 10, the material content of the slag is crushed and dried and the materials which link the cyclone device are triboelectrically charged, whereby desired properties can be trimmed by regulating the operating parameters of the cyclone device.

Den triboelektriska uppladdningen uppkommer på grund av friktion mellan de krossade och torkade materialpartiklania i cyklonanordningen. Vissa partiklar blir positivt laddade och andra partiklar blir negativt laddade på grund av att elektronvandring sker mellan olika material. Triboelektricitet uppkommer vid statisk kontakt mellan material med olika dielektricitetstal (permittivitet), då en elektronvandring mellan materialen uppstår. Elektroner förflyttar sig därvid från det material som har den högsta permittiviteten till materialet med lägre permittivitet. Elektronvandringen pågår till 4 dess att polariteten hos de båda ytorna är densamma. Om båda materialen sedan plötsligt skiljs åt, och elektronerna inte har någon möjlighet att kompensera, kommer en positiv laddning att kvarstå i det material som släppte ifrån sig elektroner, samtidigt som en negativ laddning kvarstår hos materialet som tog åt sig elektroner. 530 91? 3 De torkade, krossade och elektrostatiskt uppladdade materlalpartiklania som lämnar cyklonanordningen 10 vid dess bottenutlopp 14 separeras därefter från varandra medelst elektrostatisk separation på ovan beskrivet sätt.The triboelectric charge arises due to friction between the crushed and dried material particles in the cyclone device. Some particles become positively charged and other particles become negatively charged due to electron migration between different materials. Triboelectricity arises during static contact between materials with different dielectric numbers (permittivity), when an electron migration between the materials occurs. Electrons then move from the material with the highest permittivity to the material with lower permittivity. The electron travel continues until the polarity of the two surfaces is the same. If the two materials are then suddenly separated, and the electrons have no possibility of compensating, a positive charge will remain in the material which released electrons, while a negative charge remains with the material which absorbed electrons. 530 91? The dried, crushed and electrostatically charged material particles leaving the cyclone device 10 at its bottom outlet 14 are then separated from each other by electrostatic separation in the manner described above.

Det är fördelaktigt att utföra den elektrostatiska separationen direkt efter att materialpartiklarria lämnat cyklonen eftersom materialpartiklarnas elektrostatiska uppladdning successivt avtar med tiden. Den elektrostatiska separationsanordningens detaljutformning och driftsparametrar måste naturligtvis anpassas till det aktuella driftsfallet.It is advantageous to perform the electrostatic separation immediately after the material particles leave the cyclone because the electrostatic charge of the material particles gradually decreases with time. The detailed design and operating parameters of the electrostatic separation device must, of course, be adapted to the actual operating case.

Det skall inses att såväl torra som våta materialblandningar kan separeras med det uppfinningsenliga förfarandet. Exemplet ovan är enbart ett exempel på uppfinningen. Uppfinningen kan tillämpas pa otaliga andra områden.It will be appreciated that both dry and wet material mixtures can be separated by the process of the invention. The example above is only an example of the invention. The invention can be applied to countless other areas.

Konibinationsmöj ligheter föreligger även med magnetisk separation.Combination possibilities are also available with magnetic separation.

Med förfarandet enligt uppfinningen möjliggörs elektrostatisk separation av materialblandningar som tidigare varit mycket svåra att elektrostatiskt separera. Cyklonanordningens krossverkan och laddningsändringsförinåga kan bland armat regleras med hjälp av utloppets 21 strypningsgrad.The method according to the invention enables electrostatic separation of material mixtures which have previously been very difficult to electrostatically separate. The crushing action of the cyclone device and the ability to change the charge can be regulated among the arm by means of the degree of throttling of the outlet 21.

Cyklonanordningen injusteras så att krossningens finhetsgrad och laddningsgrad eller ändringen av materialens elektrostatiska egenskaper anpassas till efterfölj ande elektrostatiska separeringsönskemål.The cyclone device is adjusted so that the degree of unity and charge of the crushing or the change in the electrostatic properties of the materials are adapted to subsequent electrostatic separation requirements.

Uppfinníngen är således inte begränsad till det visade och beskrivna, utan ändringar och modifikationer därav är tänkbara inom ramen för efterföljande patentkrav.The invention is thus not limited to what is shown and described, but changes and modifications thereof are conceivable within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (8)

530 31? 4 Patentkrav530 31? 4 Patent claims 1. l. Förfarande för att skilja olika material från varandra, såsom exempelvis grundämnen och/eller deras föreningar, kännetecknat av att man förbehandlar materialen i en cyklonanordning (l0) som innefattar ett strypt utlopp (21) för gasformigt medium och ett utlopp (14) för i cyklonanordningen behandlat material, varvid cyklonanordningen sönderdelar materialen i mindre fraktioner och ändrar materialens elektriska laddningar, och att man därefter skiljer de olika materialen från varandra medelst elektrostatisk separation.A method for separating different materials from each other, such as, for example, elements and / or their compounds, characterized in that the materials are pretreated in a cyclone device (10) which comprises a throttled outlet (21) for gaseous medium and an outlet (14). ) for materials treated in the cyclone device, the cyclone device decomposing the materials into smaller fractions and changing the electrical charges of the materials, and that the different materials are then separated from each other by electrostatic separation. 2. Förfarande enligt krav 1, kännetecknat av att den elektrostatiska separationen sker i direkt anslutning till cyklonanordningens materialutflöde.Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the electrostatic separation takes place in direct connection with the material discharge of the cyclone device. 3. Anordning för att skilja olika material i en materialblandning från varandra, varvid materialblandningen (A-C) innefattar åtminstone två olika material, kännetecknar! av att anordningen innefattar en cyklonanordning (10) med ett strypt utlopp (21) för gasfonnigt medium och ett utlopp (14) för i cyklonanordningen behandlat material, och att anordningen innefattar en anordning (70) för elektrostatisk separation.Device for separating different materials in a material mixture from each other, wherein the material mixture (A-C) comprises at least two different materials, characterized in that! in that the device comprises a cyclone device (10) with a throttled outlet (21) for gaseous medium and an outlet (14) for material treated in the cyclone device, and that the device comprises a device (70) for electrostatic separation. 4. Anordning enligt krav 3, kännetecknad av att anordningen (70) för elektrostatisk separation innefattar åtminstone två elektroder (El,E2) med olika elektrisk laddning.Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the device (70) for electrostatic separation comprises at least two electrodes (E1, E2) with different electrical charge. 5. Anordning enligt krav 4, kännetecknad av att elektrodema (El,E2) är plattforrniga och divergerar från varandra räknat i materialflödets riktning,Device according to Claim 4, characterized in that the electrodes (E1, E2) are flat and diverge from one another in the direction of the material, 6. Anordning enligt något av krav 3-5, kännetecknad av att anordningen innefattar en uppsamlingsanordning (80).Device according to one of Claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the device comprises a collecting device (80). 7. Användning av ett förfarande enligt något av krav l eller 2 för att skilja olika material i en materialblandning från varandra.Use of a method according to any one of claims 1 or 2 for separating different materials in a material mixture from each other. 8. Användning av en anordning enligt något av krav 3-6 för att skilja olika material i en materialblandning från varandra.Use of a device according to any one of claims 3-6 for separating different materials in a material mixture from each other.
SE0502431A 2005-11-03 2005-11-03 Process and apparatus for separating different elements and / or their compounds from each other SE530917C2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0502431A SE530917C2 (en) 2005-11-03 2005-11-03 Process and apparatus for separating different elements and / or their compounds from each other
PCT/SE2006/001247 WO2007053089A1 (en) 2005-11-03 2006-11-02 A method for separating elements and/or their compounds from each other
EP06812970A EP1948365A4 (en) 2005-11-03 2006-11-02 A method for separating elements and/or their compounds from each other
ZA2008/03868A ZA200803868B (en) 2005-11-03 2008-05-06 A method for separating elements and/or their compounds from each other

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0502431A SE530917C2 (en) 2005-11-03 2005-11-03 Process and apparatus for separating different elements and / or their compounds from each other

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
SE0502431L SE0502431L (en) 2007-05-04
SE530917C2 true SE530917C2 (en) 2008-10-21

Family

ID=38006131

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
SE0502431A SE530917C2 (en) 2005-11-03 2005-11-03 Process and apparatus for separating different elements and / or their compounds from each other

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1948365A4 (en)
SE (1) SE530917C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2007053089A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200803868B (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1400411B1 (en) * 2010-05-31 2013-05-31 Cassani METHOD AND DEVICE TO SEPARATE PARTICLES OF A CERTAIN SYNTHETIC MATERIAL FROM PARTICLES OF DIFFERENT SYNTHETIC MATERIALS
NL2009989C2 (en) * 2012-12-14 2014-06-17 Gerben Hendrikus Zuidam Method and system for mining or extraction of noble metals.
CN103586136B (en) * 2013-11-12 2017-01-04 李佳 Waste and old mixing rigid plastics granule vortex air flow-high-pressure electrostatic segregation apparatus and method
GB2575996B (en) * 2018-07-31 2022-06-29 Sirmon Industries Ltd Separator for removing particles of plastic from mixed particulate material
CN109225642B (en) * 2018-10-16 2019-09-03 江南大学 A kind of superfine powder wet electrostatic grading plant
FR3113613A1 (en) * 2020-09-03 2022-03-04 Skytech Method for designing a device for the electrostatic separation of a mixture of granules of different materials and associated devices

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US2604956A (en) * 1948-12-04 1952-07-29 Aaron Kantrow Cyclone separator
US3493109A (en) * 1967-08-04 1970-02-03 Consiglio Nazionale Ricerche Process and apparatus for electrostatically separating ores with charging of the particles by triboelectricity
JPS5742355A (en) * 1980-08-23 1982-03-09 Senichi Masuda Electrostatic separator
US5236132A (en) * 1992-01-03 1993-08-17 Vortec, Inc. Gradient-force comminuter/dehydrator apparatus and method
US5755333A (en) * 1995-12-22 1998-05-26 University Of Kentucky Research Foundation Method and apparatus for triboelectric-centrifugal separation
KR100187968B1 (en) * 1996-08-12 1999-06-01 이재근 Apparatus for separating uncombusted carbon powder of coal ash
US6517015B2 (en) * 2000-03-21 2003-02-11 Frank F. Rowley, Jr. Two-stage comminuting and dehydrating system and method
JP2003103197A (en) * 2001-09-28 2003-04-08 Japan Science & Technology Corp Electrostatic sorting method of plastic or the like

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA200803868B (en) 2009-01-28
WO2007053089A1 (en) 2007-05-10
EP1948365A4 (en) 2011-02-23
SE0502431L (en) 2007-05-04
EP1948365A1 (en) 2008-07-30

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