SE520063C2 - Absorbent pants diaper with limited fluid distribution in the plane of the absorption body - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a disposable absorbent pant diaper with a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction, an inner cover layer (11), an outer cover layer (12), and an absorption body (10) enclosed between the two cover layers (11, 12), and having two end edges (6, 7) extending in the transverse direction forming a waist opening and two side edges (8, 9) extending in the longitudinal direction forming leg openings, the pant diaper also having a front portion (1) and a rear portion (2) which are connected by an intermediate crotch portion (3). The absorption body (10) is constructed so that the liquid-spreading in the pant diaper is limited to remain below an area of spread of 200 square centimetres in the plane of the absorption body (10) for a liquid quantity of 150 millilitres. The absorption body is constructed so that the liquid-spreading in the pant diaper is limited to remain below an extent of 200 square centimetres in the plane of the absorption body.

Description

The wet point, which is located in the crotch portion of the diaper. As heavy incontinence often causes multiple emptying of the bladder, it is crucial that the pant diaper is designed so that fluid is effectively dispersed away from the wetting point in the crotch portion to be stored throughout the available absorbent material and for the fluid receiving wetting point to be prepared for subsequent emptying.

For a heavily incontinent person, it is of course necessary that the delivered liquid be distributed over the entire absorption area to ensure that leakage does not occur at the branch portion heavily loaded with liquid. Discomfort, in the form of discomfort and irritation, which accompanies large amounts of fluid being stored in the extensive absorption material and thus lying close to extensive skin surfaces, is something that must be accepted for the increased leakage safety that the design of the trouser diaper entails.

In addition, a pant diaper designed for heavy incontinence is usually intended for people unable to change a used product themselves, people who are thus referred to external help to replace a used pant diaper. In this situation, it is not uncommon for your emptyings to be delivered before a change can take place at all. The crotch area which is first exposed to the discharged liquid must therefore necessarily be relieved for storage of the liquid in the absorbent front and rear portions of the pant diaper.

An additional problem is the close-fitting fit that the pant diaper provides in its protection against leakage. This dense abutment becomes, in contrast to the purpose of the pant diaper, a load as no possibility of aeration is left for the extensive skin surfaces that abut against the liquid-filled absorption material.

An obvious problem arises when physically active women who are both physically and mentally well able to take care of changing their own incontinence product and are well aware of the unwanted presence of fluid 10 15 20 25 30 520 063 closest to the body are referred to this type of product. In existing conventional heavy incontinence diapers, where it is expected that the product has absorbed large amounts of fluid after several discharges, the fluid has also been distributed over a large spreading area covering the abdomen and back of the user. It follows that even if the user changes product within a relatively short period of time, the spread has already caused a wet contact with large parts of the skin, which still remains when a new pant diaper is put on. This wetness is perceived by the conscious user as unpleasant and stale and also spreads a characteristic and unpleasant odor characteristic of the given liquid, which is perceived as embarrassing and annoying in the active social life.

Another problem commonly encountered with traditional absorbent pant diapers is that these, in order to meet the absorption requirements, require large amounts of absorbent material. This of course has the consequence that the trouser diaper assumes more bulky proportions and is often perceived as uncomfortable to move in and as difficult to hide under ordinary clothes. Since the target group, active women, is very socially mobile, it is of the utmost importance that the incontinence product cannot be discerned through the clothes and is perceived as as much as possible as ordinary underpants.

The problem with large amounts of material used in production also makes the diapers more expensive to manufacture, which also makes them more expensive for the user. As the said user group changes the pant diaper as soon as possible after an emptying, relatively many pant diapers are needed. A cheaper product naturally enables the user to change and dispose of the product more often as soon as it is wet.

As can be seen from the foregoing, there is a need for an improved absorbent pant diaper for physically active women. It is further desirable to be able to offer an absorbent pant diaper which has low production costs. 10 15 20 25 30 520 063 -t _ ..

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION: However, with the present invention, a trousers diaper of the type mentioned in the introduction has been provided, which trousers diaper substantially eliminates the problems associated with previously known trousers diapers for the physically active female target group.

An absorbent pant diaper according to the invention is characterized in particular by the fact that the absorbent body is designed so that the liquid spread in the pant diaper is limited to less than a spread area of 200 square centimeters in the plane of the absorbent body at a liquid volume of 150 milliliters.

The inevitable liquid spread of the traditional trouser diaper that follows an emptying will be immediately identified by a conscious physically active woman who experiences strong discomfort in the face of the situation. Said user will therefore, within a substantially short time interval, change used pant diaper to avoid the unpleasant feeling of moving in wetted product. Against a psychological background, it has also been shown that when the bladder has been emptied, the user intends to change the pant diaper as soon as possible. In contrast to the physically and / or mentally handicapped persons, said target group can arrange for an immediate change after a major emptying as reflexively perceived as the most natural. Since it is desirable for both comfort and stability reasons that the absorbent body extend slightly up towards the abdomen and back, it is of utmost importance that the delivered liquid, in the time between the changes, is prevented from spreading towards these regions.

An absorbent pant diaper usually has an absorbent body constructed of three layers, the absorbent body being arranged between an inner liquid-permeable layer facing the user and an outer liquid-tight layer facing away from the user. The absorbent body comprises absorbent parts, for example cellulose fluff pulp with or without admixture of so-called superabsorbents, which are polymers capable of absorbing several times more liquid than their own weight, and components for the purpose of dispersing liquid in the absorbent body.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the absorbent pant diaper is formed with an absorbent body comprising a central absorbent layer and a security layer. The central absorbent layer suitably consists of a mixture of absorbent cellulosic fluff pulp and superabsorbents, each of which has been modified to act acidifying in contact with discharged liquid from the user to provide an absorbent body with limited liquid dispersion. In order to obtain a purpose, the absorbent layer set up with the high invention should comprise a liquid-absorbing material retention but with low dispersibility. In one embodiment, the security layer can also be provided with the corresponding superabsorbent material as a guarantee against any leakage from the absorption layer. The use of absorbent materials with a high degree of acidity is advantageous from a hygienic point of view, as it is known that a low pH reduces the occurrence of negative skin effects and curbs the activity of microorganisms.

An absorbent body according to the invention thus advantageously comprises a pH-regulating substance in the form of, for example, a partially neutralized superabsorbent material, which means that the pH of the absorbent trouser diaper, after wetting, is in the range 3.5 - 4.9. The composition of absorbent material and the interrelationship between the absorbent layer and the security layer in a multilayer structure has been further designed so that when the absorbent body absorbs liquid dispensed from the user, less area of the dispersion of liquid will be limited to one absorbent body. Ordinary types of superabsorbent materials can also be included in the absorbent body, i.e. materials in the form of fibers, particles, granules, film or the like which have the ability to absorb liquid corresponding to fl times the own weight of the superabsorbent material. The superabsorbent material binds the liquid and forms a liquid-containing gel. These superabsorbents are well known to those skilled in the art and therefore need not be described in detail.

The absorbent body may also comprise absorbent materials other than a partially neutralized superabsorbent material, for example cellulose pulp. It has been found advantageous to use a partially neutralized superabsorbent material as above in combination with cellulose fluff pulp with a pH below 7, preferably below 6 which gives a further improved effect. The use of the above-mentioned absorbent materials with low pH values can, in accordance with the invention, limit the spread of liquid in an absorbent product.

A suitable cellulose pulp may consist of chemithermomechanical cellulose pulp with a pH = 2.5 - 8.5, preferably 2.5 - 6.5 and most preferably 2.5 - 5.5 or of chemical cellulose pulp with a pH = 2.5 - 8 , 5, preferably 2.5 - 8.0 and most preferably 2.5 - 7.0.

A suitable, partially neutralized, superabsorbent material may be, for example, a crosslinked polyacrylate of the type sold under the name HYSORB C 7110 by BASF. Also superabsorbent materials other than the above are specified, and which have corresponding types of properties can be used. A suitable proportion of superabsorbent material in the absorbent layer is 30 - 70%, preferably 45 - 55% and most preferably about 50% of the absorbent body consists of a multilayer structure is suitably also one, with respect to weight of the material of the absorbent body. Then security layers arranged in it. The security layer may then also comprise superabsorbents so that additional security against leakage is provided. A suitable proportion of superabsorbent in the security layer in this case is between 5 and 25%, preferably about 15%.

The degree of neutralization in the superabsorbent material should normally be lower than 45% and preferably lower than 35%. However, the degree of neutralization should suitably be higher than about 20% in order to achieve the best effect as described in patent specification SE 511 838.

Superabsorbents are usually present in the form of separate particles, but fibers, flakes, granules and film are also present. The particles can be of any desired shape, for example spherical, spiral, semi-spiral, cubic, rod-shaped, polyhedral and more. Shapes having a large maximum dimension / minimum dimensional ratio, such as needles, flakes and fibers are also conceivable for use herein. Alternatively, conglomerates of superabsorbent particles can be used. In an absorbent body according to the invention, superabsorbent particles of a size not less than about 100 hours and not more than about 1000 .mu.m are preferably used, and even more preferably particles are used in which about 60-65% by weight of the particles are in a size range of about 106-500. pm and 40 - 35% by weight in a size range of about 500 - 850 rim. The particle size has been determined by screening the superabsorbent particles through a sieve, where the pores of the sieve have previously known diameter sizes. The particles which have passed through a sieve with a certain pore size but not through a sieve with a smaller pore size thus have a size which is in an interval between the two respective diameter sizes.

The particle size is considered to be of great importance for the rate at which superabsorbents absorb and disperse absorbed liquid.

The liquid uptake rate for larger particles is considered to be slower due to their limited liquid uptake area relative to their volume. Very small particles are for a similar reason considered to have a higher liquid uptake rate, but are in turn limited by the fact that, after swelling, they are easily forced into the interber capillaries in a fibrous structure such as a cellulose fluff layer. In addition, they also easily form a mass of coagulated gel which is held together by surface tension forces of the liquid, thereby forming a liquid barrier, which in turn results in a reduced liquid dispersion. A phenomenon commonly referred to as gel blocking. The above-mentioned distribution of particle sizes has been found to be favorable in order to achieve a satisfactory absorption while at the same time limiting the longitudinal distribution of the absorbed liquid.

An absorbent trouser diaper with limited liquid distribution according to the invention means that the trouser diaper's secure fit with its increased leakage safety, a consequence of the trouser diaper's close abutment against the body, benefits the user without moisture being trapped inside where it can adversely affect exposed skin surfaces. To guarantee the fit, the pant diaper can be provided with a number of elastic elements, for example stretchable threads, ribbons, film or the like. A larger number of elastic elements prevents the elastic tension from feeling uncomfortable for the user in that the elastic elements will not each exert too much local pressure on the user at the same time as the tight fitting of the trouser diaper is guaranteed.

In order to assimilate the tight abutment against the body without trapping moisture in too extensive areas in the space between the skin and the pant diaper, it is essential that the absorbent material has a limited distribution inside the multilayer structure thus extending in length within the pant diaper and not the pant diaper. The liquid-retaining absorption layer has in one should constitute more than between 60 - 80%, and preferably about 65 - 70% of the total extent of the absorbent body. The liquid absorbed in the absorption layer thus abuts only against the user's skin with limited surfaces. For this reason, the total surface area of the absorption layer should not exceed an area of from 195 to 235 cm 2 and preferably not exceed 210 to 220 cm 2 at a liquid absorption of about 150 ml. 5 15 20 25 30 520 063 However, the absorbent body as a whole has such an extent inside the trouser diaper that the comfort and stability requirement is still met.

As previously mentioned, a reduced amount of absorbent material is desirable for convenience and comfort. The use of a smaller amount of absorption material also means a significant environmental benefit. Furthermore, since users in the target group intended for the invention are assumed to change product after an initial emptying of the bladder, it is also not necessary to have a larger amount of absorbent material than is expected to be needed to absorb all the liquid released during an emptying. A pant diaper according to a first embodiment of the invention can therefore be constructed with a total absorption capacity of between 350 - 400 g, preferably a maximum of about 370 g. has as its primary function to direct liquid down into the absorption layer, the total absorption capacity may be slightly lower.

Total absorption capacity of an absorbent article refers to a theoretical value calculated with knowledge of the absorption capacity of the various constituent materials.

According to a first embodiment of the invention, the security layer is placed below the absorption layer, i.e. the absorption layer abuts closest to the inner cover layer. The absorbent body may be formed with a liquid receiving layer closest to the inner cover layer and an additional layer which the latter forms part of the absorbent layer. In this design, the security layer, as previously mentioned, can act as a security barrier against leakage of liquid coming from the absorption layer. For this reason, the security layer here suitably comprises a smaller proportion of superabsorbents, preferably between 10 - 20% by weight, and most preferably about 15% by weight, of the total absorption material, for the purpose of binding liquid. The safety layer here has a lower density than the absorption layer, which can convey a softer impression of the pant diaper during use and thereby increase the feeling of comfort. In another embodiment of the invention, the security layer is placed over the absorption layer, i.e. the security layer abuts closest to the security layer liquid-transmitting spacer layer. In this embodiment, said layer has a user. functions here primarily as a high porosity and is more or less hydrophobic and thus has a good ability to receive liquid and to deliver liquid to the absorption layer.

The security layer may, however, in both specified embodiments, advantageously have the composition of the security layer in this embodiment means that it is rapidly released a lower hydrophilicity than the absorption layer. the liquid is rapidly and concentrated transferred directly into the absorption layer.

Since the liquid is transported straight into the absorption layer, perpendicular to the plane of the absorption layer, an initial spread is counteracted. The liquid thus becomes more concentrated in the absorption layer and is thus at an early stage, to a lesser extent distributed longitudinally. The security layer also forms a spacer layer between liquid absorbed in the absorption layer and the user's body, thereby preventing rewetting, i.e. that already absorbed body fluid penetrates back through the inner casing layer. In addition, the safety layer acts as a protection against splashes when dispensing liquid and by its extent as an improvement of the comfort.

In the two above-mentioned embodiments, and then most advantageously in the latter case, it may be suitable to arrange a liquid-tight barrier layer under the absorbent body closest to the outer casing layer. This would mean increased safety against leakage.

To establish that a pant diaper according to the invention exhibits the desired limitation in dispersion of delivered fluid, a pant diaper according to the invention was compared with a pant diaper comprising a conventional absorbent body. The respective products were examined by means of the user-like method, which method is designed so that the user's anatomy and an emptying of the bladder in relation to an absorbent product in as large a measuring device as possible, were mimicked. For this purpose, designed essentially according to a user's anatomy, has been used.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS: The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the figures shown in the accompanying drawings. Figure 1a shows a trouser diaper according to the invention, which trouser diaper is in the unassembled condition, Figure 2a a section along the line 11a-11a through the diaper in Figure 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention, Figure 2b a section along the line 11b-11b through the diaper in Figure 1 according to a second embodiment of the invention, Figure 3 shows a trouser diaper according to the invention, which trouser diaper is in assembled condition, Figure 4a a test fabric seen from the side and Figure 4b the test fixture in Figure 4a seen from above.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS: Figure 1 shows an absorbent pant diaper in its not yet assembled condition, i.e. the waist and leg openings of the pant diaper have not yet been formed. The trouser diaper comprises a front portion 1, intended to be arranged at the front of a user, a back portion 2, intended to be arranged at the rear of the user and a crotch portion 3 between the front and rear portions 1, 2, intended to be placed between the user's legs. The front portion 1 has two fastening side edges 4, 5, which correspond to two fastening side edges 4, 5 on the back portion 2, which respective edges 4, 5 are intended to be fastened together to form a trouser diaper according to Figure 3. The front and rear portions 1, 2 further have two straight end edges 6, 7, intended to form a waist opening. The crotch portion 3 has two longitudinal, inwardly curved side edges 8, 9, intended to form leg openings.

The pant diaper further comprises an elongate absorbent body 10 elongated in the longitudinal direction of the pant diaper which is enclosed between an inner cover layer 11, intended to be facing the user during use, and an outer cover layer 12, intended to be turned away from the user during use.

The front and rear portions 1, 2 and crotch portion 3 of the pant diaper are formed in a continuous piece, which thereby forms the outer cover layer 12, whereby the outer cover layer 12 may consist of one or more layers of nonwoven material or other textile-like materials.

The inner cover layer 11, which in use is arranged on the user-oriented side of the absorbent body 10, has an hourglass-shaped design. The outer cover layer 12 is shaped to form the entire extent of the pant diaper. The cover layers 11, 12 are interconnected around the absorbent body 10, for example by gluing, sewing, or welding with heat or ultrasound. Furthermore, one or both cover layers 11, 12 may be connected to the absorbent body 10, for example by gluing, sewing, sewing, or by welding with heat or ultrasound.

The inner cover layer 11 is of a conventional type and can thus consist of any liquid-permeable material suitable for the purpose.

Examples of such materials are various types of thin nonwoven materials, perforated plastic films, mesh materials, liquid permeable foams or the like.

It is not necessary for the invention that the inner cover layer 11 consists of a separate material layer, but the cover layer 11 may be a surface of the absorbent body 10 of the trouser diaper. In this case, the two cover layers are not interconnected as described above.

The outer cover layer 12 may be of the same type of material as the inner cover layer 11. As a safety enhancing measure against leakage, a liquid-tight barrier layer 19 is arranged between the absorbent body and the outer cover layer 12 as shown in Figure 2b. It can be an advantage if the barrier layer 19 has some breathability, i.e. allows the passage of water vapor through the layer 19. The liquid-tight barrier layer 19 can, like the inner cover layer 11, be an integral part of the absorbent body and can for instance consist of a liquid-tight skin-like surface. on an absorbent foam material. The barrier layer 19 is connected to the trouser diaper, for example by gluing, sewing, or welding with heat or ultrasound. Alternatively, the outer cover layer 12 may consist wholly or partly of a liquid-tight material, such as a liquid-tight plastic film, a nonwoven layer coated with a liquid-barrier material, or some other flexible material layer capable of resisting liquid penetration.

In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, the absorbent body 10 comprises two layers, one absorbent layer 13 and one security layer 14. The two respective layers comprise a mixture of absorbent material specific for each layer consisting of cellulosic pulp and polymers called Other for use in the absorbent body 10 are hydrocolloid materials. , so superabsorbents. suitable absorbent materials such as absorbent bonded layers, tissue layers, absorbent foam, peat or the like. By superabsorbents is meant materials with a capacity to absorb many times their weight to form a liquid gel. Superabsorbents are usually in the form of particles, flakes, fibers, granules or the like. The superabsorbent material may in some cases be present alone, or together with other absorbent material and applied as a layer, or in the form of a mixture with other materials such as cellulose fibers, or synthetic fibers.

Limitation of liquid spread can be obtained when the absorbent material has been prepared so that the acidity, pH, in the pant diaper in connection with wetting is in a pH range between 3.5 - 4.9. This range is achieved by the absorbent material comprising partially neutralized superabsorbent material having a degree of neutralization higher than about 20%, lower than 45% and preferably lower than about 35%. Suitable superabsorbent material may be superabsorbent particles such as HYSORB C 7110 provided by BASF. Other types of superabsorbent materials that have similar properties can also be used. The superabsorbent particles are usually found in the form of separate particles, where the superabsorbent particles are preferably larger than about 100 μm, but less than about 1000 μm, and even more preferably where about 60-65% by weight of the particles are in the size range 106-500 μm and 40 - 35% by weight is in the size range 500 - 850 μm. The particle size of superabsorbent particles has been shown to be important for the dispersion of liquid and it is thus of great importance that the size of the superabsorbent particles is selected so that the desired dispersion effect is obtained. In order to achieve a liquid dispersion in accordance with the invention, said particle size distribution has been shown to give good results, which can be seen in the measurement values below.

In addition, an acidified cellulose pulp can also function as a pH-regulating material. The cellulose mass can then, for example, consist of chemithermomechanical cellulose mass with a pH = 2.5 - 8.5, preferably 2.5 - 6.5 and preferably 2.5 - 5.5 or of chemical cellulose mass with a pH = 2.5 - 8 , 5, preferably 2.5 - 8.0 and most preferably 2.5 partially neutralized 7.0. A combination of a superabsorbent material as above with cellulose pulp having a pH below 7, preferably below 6, has been found to give an improved effect. In order to obtain a suitable degree of acidity on the cellulose pulp, its pH can be controlled during the manufacturing process, for example by adding an acidifying substance. This additive can be, for example, SO 2 water.

By this process, the content of NaOH in the pulp can also be neutralized. Another way to obtain a suitable acidity of the cellulosic pulp is to add a suitable acid to the finished pulp.

The desired limitation in liquid dispersion is not limited to the above-mentioned examples only, but can in addition be achieved in a number of ways, for example by using different layer compositions in the absorption body, of differentiated compression zones in the absorption layer, of loosely compressed mass or the like. Alternatively, various liquid barriers in the form of elevated concentrations of superabsorbent materials or barriers in the form of liquid-tight areas or the like can also be arranged in parts of the absorption body.

The proportion of superabsorbent material in the absorption layer 13 is about 30 - 70%, preferably 45 - 55% and most preferably about 50% by weight of the material of the absorption layer, in order to achieve a satisfactory effect.

An absorption layer 13 and a security layer 14, respectively, can have mutually different locations with respect to the closest abutment against the user's body. Each layer can thus be arranged either closest to the inner cover layer 11 or the outer cover layer 12. The security layer has a slightly greater extent in longitudinal direction, and to some extent transversely, than the absorption layer 13. The respective location of the security layer is shown in the embodiments depicted in . The safety layer 14 can fulfill fl your functions, of which increased leakage safety, provision of ensured stability to the absorbent body and comfort for the user are some. Elastic members 16, 17 are arranged along the side edges 8, 9 and form leg elastics when the trouser diaper is used. Suitable elastic members are various types of elastic threads, bands, elastic nonwoven, elastic foam material or the like. A number of transverse elastic elements 18, for example elastic threads, bands or the like, are arranged in a prestressed condition across both the front and rear portions. The transverse elastic elements 18 are suitably enclosed between two layers of material, such as different types of nonwoven or other textile-like material, which material constitutes the front and back part 1, 2 and crotch part 3 of the pant diaper. the trouser diaper in Figure 1. In Figure 2a, the security layer 14 is placed below the absorption layer 13. In this embodiment, the absorption layer 13 is suitably formed with a liquid receiving layer 15, which layer forms an upper part of the absorption layer, closest to the inner cover layer 11.

The liquid-receiving layer is characterized by a high instantaneous liquid-absorbing capacity and the ability to give off liquid to the absorption layer 13. The liquid-receiving layer 15 advantageously has a higher porosity than the absorption layer 13 and is preferably made of resilient material layers. In addition, it is generally advantageous if the layer has lower hydrolysis than the inner absorption layer 13. The liquid receiving layer 15 also forms a spacer layer between liquid absorbed in the absorption layer 13 and the wearer's body, thereby preventing rewetting, i.e. already absorbed body fluid penetrates through the inner cover layer 11. Examples of materials commonly used in the above-mentioned layers are polyester wadding, bulky nonwoven materials, various types of laminates, crosslinked cellulosic fibers or the like. In addition, a spacer layer should be soft and comfortable against the user's body. It is generally an advantage if the liquid receiving layer 15 comprises a thermoplastic component, which can be used to bond the liquid receiving layer 15 with the inner casing layer 11 and / or the absorption layer 13. 10 20 20 25 30 520 063 1? The absorbent layer 13 may further be provided with additional layers, which may either be a separate layer or form part of the absorbent layer 13.

An additional layer may have a liquid-transporting function, act as a barrier layer against superabsorbent material contained in the adjacent absorption layer or the like. Additional layers may consist of any material suitable for the end purpose, and advantageously comprise a certain proportion of cellulose fluff pulp insofar as it acts as a barrier layer.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 2a, the trouser diaper additionally comprises a safety layer 14, which is arranged closest to the outer cover layer 12.

The safety layer 14 has a greater extent both longitudinally and transversely in relation to the absorption layer 13. The larger surface provides an increased feeling of comfort for the user and stabilizes the absorbent body in an extended position. In addition, the security layer 14 serves a function as security against possible leakage from the absorption layer 13. The layer 14 comprises, in this embodiment, the same kind of material as the absorption layer, but with a different composition of absorbent material. The proportion of superabsorbent is slightly lower, between 10 - 20% and preferably about 15% of superabsorbent the total amount of absorbent material and which purpose the absorption layer 13 possibly leaking liquid. The total theoretical particles which absorb from the absorption capacity of the whole absorption body thus amount to between 350 - 400 g and preferably around 370 g. The security layer 14 also has a lower density than the absorption layer 13, to which the lower density gives a more airy consistency, which in its luck conveys a softer feeling and thus an increased comfort. In Figure 2b, the security layer 14 is placed over the absorption layer 13, in closest contact with the user's body. The safety layer shows the cut-off area smaller than 14 with a slightly transverse extension in the absorption layer 13. However, the two layers 13, 14 may advantageously have a similar cross-sectional extension in said area. An advantage of the embodiment shown in Figure 2b is that the security layer 14 in this location forms an effective liquid inlet layer for rapid and concentrated transport of liquid into the absorption layer 13. The dispensed liquid is then collected in a central area, whereby the subsequent spread of liquid is already limited. in an initial stage. In this embodiment, the safety layer 14 can have a transverse extension similar to the absorption layer 13 in the crotch portion 3 near the wetting point. The security layer 14 in this embodiment can fulfill your functions and can be, for example, a porous liquid-receiving layer, a liquid transfer layer, a soft padding layer, a re-wetting barrier, a masking layer. Since the security layer 14 in this embodiment does not fulfill a partial function as absorbent layer, the security layer 14 does not comprise superabsorbent particles but consists of materials characteristic of a liquid-receiving layer, suitably with higher porosity compared to the absorption layer 13 and with good ability to receive liquid and giving off liquid to the absorption layer 13. In this embodiment, the security layer 14 can also constitute a spacer layer between liquid absorbed in the absorption layer 13 and the user's body, thereby preventing rewetting. In order to still provide a comfort-enhancing function, it is an advantage if the safety layer 14 gives a soft and comfortable impression. Suitable materials for use in the security layer 14 may be polyester wadding, bulky nonwoven materials, various types of laminates, crosslinked cellulosic fibers or the like.

The absorbent layer 13, located closest to the outer cover layer 12, may have the same composition and amount of absorbent material as the first embodiment described in Figure 2a. In the absence of an absorbent security layer 14, the total theoretical absorption capacity is then reduced to between 240 - 280 g. preferably consists of liquid-tight plastic fi lm, a nonwoven layer coated with a liquid-barrier material or any other material that resists liquid penetration. Alternatively, the outer cover layer 12 may be coated with a liquid barrier material. A barrier layer is not always necessary as an ordinary emptying should not exceed the said absorption capacity of the trouser diaper, in particular as the product is aimed at women who are generally assumed to emit a smaller amount of liquid. Another alternative, when a higher level of safety is desired, is that the reduced amount of absorption capacity is compensated with an increase in the amount of absorption material in the absorption layer 13 so that a total absorption capacity of between 350 - 400 g is again achieved. The barrier layer can also be an alternative here as a safety-enhancing measure against leakage.

Figure 3 shows the trouser diaper in its assembled shape seen in the direction of the front portion 1, with the two longitudinal, inwardly curved side edges 8, 9 forming leg openings and the two end edges 6, 7 forming a waist opening. The two respective fastening side edges 4, 5 have been joined together so that the trouser diaper has a trouser-like shape. The joining can take place, for example, by gluing, sewing, or welding with heat or ultrasound.

Figure 4a shows the device, the so-called fixture where test measurements have been made seen from the side. The fixture and the pump device have been designed so that the dimensions specified in Figure 4a, marked in millimeters, and the specified angle of 60 ° substantially correspond to the normal conditions between the user and the trouser diaper fitted to the user. The fixture is constructed with a front surface 20, a rear surface 21 and a crotch area 22, on which surfaces the corresponding front portion 1, rear portion 2 and crotch portion 3 of the trouser diaper can be arranged, i.e. inside the extension. The branch area 22 comprises two raised edges 23, 24 which rise above the bottom plate 25 of the fixture and the area of the bottom plate 25 delimited by said edges 23, 24. The raised edges 23, 24 are indicated in figure 4b , where the fixture is shown seen from above. When the crotch portion 3 of the pant diaper is arranged on the crotch area 22, the crotch portion 3 will lie between the raised edges 23, 24 with the inner parts of the crotch portion lying against the part of the bottom plate 25 delimited by the raised edges 23, 24. A pump device is connected via a hose to a nozzle 26 from which synthetic urine is pumped out at a rate and in a volume corresponding to a normal bladder emptying.

The nozzle 26 is fixed in the fixture via a holding arm 27 in a position perpendicular to the product when this is arranged in the fixture. The retaining arm 27 is fixed in a side portion of the front surface 20 of the fixture and is arranged so that the arm bends substantially perpendicularly over the front surface 20.

The holding arm 27, as described above, holds the nozzle 26 in a fixed position over the absorbent product during the measuring process.

DESCRIPTION OF METHOD EXAMPLES: The following examples are intended to further illustrate the liquid spreading effect of an absorbent pant diaper having an absorbent body comprising a combination of a partially neutralized superabsorbent material and cellulosic pulp having a pH of 2.5 - 8.5 compared to an absorbent body comprising conventional materials of the same type. type.

Test fluid The test fluid was stained synthetic urine, SUM. The composition of the synthetic urine was: 0.66 g / l MgSO 4, 4.47 g / l KCl, 7.60 g / l NaCl, 18.00 g / l NH 2 CONH 2, 3.54 g / l KH 2 PO 4, 0.745 g / l 1 Na 2 HPO 4, 0.4 g / l Nycockin (color) and 1.00 g / l of a 0.1% solution of Triton X-100. The pH of this mixture was 6.0 in 0.5.

Method 10 15 20 25 30 520 063 v. . - | «. »,. In the measurements, an assembled trouser diaper according to Figure 3 was taken apart in the fastening side edges 4, 5 in order to obtain the design of the trouser diaper according to Figure 1. The center point of the absorbent body was measured and marked.

Then a point, the so-called wet point, was measured seven centimeters from the center point towards the front part 1. The pant diaper was placed centered in the fixture so that its center point came to overlap a corresponding center point in the branch area of the fixture. The wetting point marked on the absorbent body was placed in this position at a distance of two centimeters directly below the nozzle. The synthetic urine was then pumped out at a rate of 20 ml / s with a dose volume of 150 ml, which volume is considered to correspond to a normal emptying of the bladder. The pant diaper was left to rest in the suit for five minutes so that the absorbed liquid was given a chance to spread.

After the specified time, the pant diaper was removed from the fixture and the spreading surface colored by the test urine was marked in the contours. The trouser diaper was placed in an extended position on a flat surface, whereupon a transparent band of a certain surface size was fixed on top of the said marked contour lines of the spread.

The contours were then drawn on the transparent film which was later weighed to determine the basis weight of the film. Then the marked contours were cut out and the remaining part, corresponding to the liquid spreading surface, was weighed to finally be converted to surface based on the previously determined basis weight. Measurements were performed on ten pant diapers in accordance with the present invention and ten pant diapers comprising a conventional absorbent body. Mean values with respect to weight measured in grams and liquid dispersion measured in square centimeters were then taken on each type of pant diaper.

The measurement results clearly showed that a trouser diaper according to the invention had a markedly more limited liquid distribution than the corresponding conventional trouser diaper. A pant diaper according to the invention with an average weight of 62.62 grams was shown to have an average spread of 192.98 cmz compared to reference diton with a weight of 55.06 grams and an average spread of 240.01 cmz. This gives a significant difference of on average around 47 cmz. In both measurement series there was a certain spread with respect to the measurement values, which should approximately correspond to a normal discrepancy between individual trouser diapers. However, the liquid spreading interval of the two measuring series did not overlap at all, but the highest measured value of a trouser diaper according to the invention was considerably lower than the lowest measured value of a trouser diaper of a conventional type.

Claims (17)

10 15 20 25 30 23 PATENT REQUIREMENTS A disposable absorbent pant diaper having a longitudinal and a transverse direction, an inner liner layer (11), an outer liner layer (12), and an absorbent body (10) enclosed between the two liner layers (11, 12), and having two in the transverse direction extending end edges (6, 7) forming a waist opening and two longitudinally extending side edges (8, 9) forming leg openings and the trouser diaper having a front portion (1) and a rear portion (2) which are joined by an intermediate crotch portion (3). ), characterized in that the absorbent body (10) is designed so that the liquid spread in the pant diaper is limited to less than a spread area of 200 square centimeters in the plane of the absorbent body (10) at a liquid volume of 150 milliliters. A disposable absorbent pant diaper according to claim 1, the absorbent body (10) comprising an absorbent layer (13) and a security layer (14). A feature of disposable absorbent use claim 2, (14) pant diaper for the security layer according to being located below the absorption layer (13). A characterized in that the absorbent pant diaper for claim 2, the disposable security layer according to (14) is placed over the absorption layer (13). A disposable absorbent trouser diaper according to claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the security layer (14) has a lower density than the absorption layer (13). 10 15 20 25 30 520 063 t .. i. 24 A disposable absorbent pant diaper according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that the security layer (14) has a lower hydrophilicity than the absorption layer (13). A disposable absorbent pant diaper according to any one of the preceding (13) has an extent in the longitudinal direction of the pant diaper which is less than the requirements of the security layer, characterized in that the extent of the absorbent layer (14) is preferably about 70%. A disposable absorbent trouser diaper according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the total area of the absorbent layer (13) does not exceed an area of between 195 - 235 cmz and preferably not more than 210 - 220 cmz. A disposable absorbent pant diaper according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the absorbent layer (13) comprises a liquid-receiving material with low high retention but dispersibility. A disposable absorbent pant diaper according to any one of the preceding (13) comprises chemithermomechanical cellulose pulp having a pH = 2.5 - 8.5, preferably 2.5 - 6.5 and most preferably 2.5 - 5.5. requirements, k ä n n e t e c k n a d a v a that the material of the absorption layer A disposable absorbent pant diaper according to any one of the preceding (13) comprises chemical cellulose pulp having a pH = 2.5 - 8.5, preferably 2.5 - 8.0 and most preferably 2.5 - 7.0. requirements, k ä n n e t e c k n a d a v a that the material of the absorption layer A disposable absorbent trouser diaper according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the absorbent body (10) has a total absorption capacity of between 350 - 400 g, preferably about 370 g. A disposable absorbent pant diaper according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the liquid-absorbing material comprises superabsorbent material. A claim 13, characterized in that the superabsorbent material constitutes between 30 - 70%, preferably 45 - 55% and most preferably about 50%, with respect to the weight of the material of the absorbent body (10). disposable absorbent trousers according to A disposable absorbent pant diaper according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the superabsorbent material consists of particles of size not less than about 100 microns and not more than about 1000 hours and even more preferably particles where about 60-65% by weight of the particles are in a size range of about 106 - 500 hr and 40 - 35% by weight in a size range of about 500 - 850 μm. A disposable absorbent pant diaper according to claim 13, 14 or 15, characterized in that the superabsorbent material comprises neutralized superabsorbent particles having a degree of neutralization greater than about 20% but less than 45% and preferably less than 35%. A disposable absorbent pant diaper according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a liquid-tight barrier layer (19) is arranged below the absorbent body (10) closest to the outer cover layer (12).