SE500007C2 - High speed tool steel mfd. by powder metallurgy for high resistance to wear - comprises carbon@, silicon@, manganese@, chromium@, molybdenum@, tungsten@, vanadium@ and iron@, for tools with high toughness e.g. knives - Google Patents
High speed tool steel mfd. by powder metallurgy for high resistance to wear - comprises carbon@, silicon@, manganese@, chromium@, molybdenum@, tungsten@, vanadium@ and iron@, for tools with high toughness e.g. knivesInfo
- Publication number
- SE500007C2 SE500007C2 SE9102299A SE9102299A SE500007C2 SE 500007 C2 SE500007 C2 SE 500007C2 SE 9102299 A SE9102299 A SE 9102299A SE 9102299 A SE9102299 A SE 9102299A SE 500007 C2 SE500007 C2 SE 500007C2
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- vanadium
- steel
- iron
- molybdenum
- tungsten
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 title claims 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 12
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 10
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 2
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 235000019589 hardness Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 9
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZLANVVMKMCTKMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanidylidynevanadium(1+) Chemical class [V+]#[C-] ZLANVVMKMCTKMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(chloromethyl)-4-[4-(chloromethyl)phenyl]benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(CCl)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(CCl)C=C1 INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 M2C carbides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- VCTOKJRTAUILIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);sulfide Chemical class [S-2].[Mn+2] VCTOKJRTAUILIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000161 steel melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
-
- B22F1/0003—
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/36—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.7% by weight of carbon
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
lO 15 20 25 30 35 "5oo 007 hand till halterna av vanadin, molybden och wolfram för bildandet av nämnda karbider. Dessutom ingår i nämnda karbider även mindre mängder krom, järn och mangan. to the levels of vanadium, molybdenum and tungsten to form said carbides. In addition, said carbides also include minor amounts of chromium, iron and manganese.
Därför skall kolhalten vara minst 2.3 %, företrädesvis minst 2.35 %, lämpligen minst 2.4 %. Ã andra sidan får kolhalten inte vara så hög att den förorsakar sprödhet. Dessa villkor ger ett smalt optimalt kolhaltsintervall och innebär att kolhalten maximalt får uppgå till 2.8 %, företrädesvis till max 2.7 % och lämpligen till max 2.65 %. En optimal kolhalt är cirka 2.5 %.Therefore, the carbon content should be at least 2.3%, preferably at least 2.35%, preferably at least 2.4%. On the other hand, the carbon content must not be so high that it causes brittleness. These conditions give a narrow optimal carbon content range and mean that the carbon content may amount to a maximum of 2.8%, preferably to a maximum of 2.7% and suitably to a maximum of 2.65%. An optimal carbon content is about 2.5%.
Kisel kan förekomma i stålet som restprodukt från desoxidation av stålsmältan i halter som är normala från desoxidationspraxis, dvs max l.O%, normalt max O.7%.Silicon can be present in the steel as a residual product from the deoxidation of the steel melt at levels that are normal from deoxidation practice, ie a maximum of 1.0%, normally a maximum of 0.7%.
Mangan kan också förekomma i första hand som en restprodukt från den smältmetallurgiska processtekniken, där mangan har betydelse för att på känt sätt oskadliggöra svavelföroreningar genom att bilda mangan- sulfider. Den maximala manganhalten i stålet är 1.0%, företrädesvis max O.5%.Manganese can also occur primarily as a residual product from the molten metallurgical process technology, where manganese is important for neutralizing sulfur pollutants in a known manner by forming manganese sulphides. The maximum manganese content in the steel is 1.0%, preferably a maximum of 0.5%.
Krom skall förekomma i stålet i en halt av lägst 3%, företrädesvis lägst 3.5%, för att medverka till att stålets grundmassa - dess matrix - får tillräcklig hårdhet. För mycket krom medför dock risk för svåromvandlad restaustenit. Kromhalten begränsas därför till max 5%, företrädesvis max 4.5%.Chromium must be present in the steel at a content of at least 3%, preferably at least 3.5%, in order to contribute to the steel's matrix - its matrix - having sufficient hardness. Too much chromium, however, entails a risk of difficult-to-convert residual austenite. The chromium content is therefore limited to a maximum of 5%, preferably a maximum of 4.5%.
Molybden och wolfram skall förekomma i stålet för att vid anlöpning efter upplösningsbehandling ge sekundärhårdnande på grund av utskiljning av M2C-karbider och därmed bidraga till den önskade slitstyrkan hos stålet. Gränserna väljs för att genom anpassning till övriga legeringselement ge lämpligt sekundärhårdnande. Molybden bör förekomma i en lägsta halt av 2.5 %, företrädesvis minst 2.7 % och lämpligen lägst 2.8 %. Wolfram bör också finnas i en lägsta halt av 2.5 % men företrädesvis i en halt av minst 3.7 % och lämpligen minst 3.8 %. Molybdenhalten bör inte överstiga 4.5 %, företrädesvis inte 10 15 20 25 30 35 500 007 överstiga 3.3 % och lämpligen inte översiga 3.2 %, medan wolframhalten inte bör översiga 4.5 %, företrädesvis inte överstiga 4.3 % och lämpligen inte överstiga 4.2 %. I princip kan molybden och wolfram helt eller delvis ersätta varandra, varvid wolfram kan ersättas av halva mängden molybden, eller molybden ersättas av dubbla mängden wolfram. Erfarenhetsmässigt vet man emellertid att molybden och wolfram bör ingå i de angivna proportionerna på denna totala nivå av nämnda legeringsämnen, eftersom detta ger vissa tillverkningstekniska, mer bestämt värmebehandlingstekniska fördelar.Molybdenum and tungsten must be present in the steel in order to give secondary hardening during annealing after dissolution treatment due to the precipitation of M2C carbides and thereby contribute to the desired wear resistance of the steel. The limits are chosen to provide suitable secondary hardening by adaptation to other alloying elements. Molybdenum should be present in a minimum content of 2.5%, preferably at least 2.7% and preferably at least 2.8%. Tungsten should also be present in a minimum content of 2.5% but preferably in a content of at least 3.7% and preferably at least 3.8%. The molybdenum content should not exceed 4.5%, preferably not exceed 15% and preferably not exceed 3.2%, while the tungsten content should not exceed 4.5%, preferably not exceed 4.3% and preferably not exceed 4.2%. In principle, molybdenum and tungsten can completely or partially replace each other, whereby tungsten can be replaced by half the amount of molybdenum, or molybdenum can be replaced by double the amount of tungsten. It is known from experience, however, that molybdenum and tungsten should be included in the stated proportions at this total level of said alloying elements, as this provides certain manufacturing-technical, more specifically heat-treatment-technical advantages.
Vanadin bildar med kol mycket hårda vanadinkarbider, MC. Ju mer vanadin stålet innehåller desto mer MC bildas (förutsatt att kol tillsättes i anpassad mängd) och desto slitstarkare blir stålet.Vanadium forms with carbon very hard vanadium carbides, MC. The more vanadium the steel contains, the more MC is formed (assuming carbon is added in an appropriate amount) and the more durable the steel becomes.
Vanadinhalten skall därför vara hög. Snabbstål med höga vanadinhalter liksom även snabbstål med vanadinhalter som är normala för konven- tionella snabbstål blir emellertid spröda, om materialet framställs genom konventionell göttillverkning, eftersom man då erhåller stora och i allmänhet ojämnt fördelade primära vanadinkarbider, vilka inte upplöses vid härdningen utan blir kvar i oupplöst form och verkar försprödande.The vanadium content should therefore be high. However, high vanadium high speed steels as well as vanadium high speed steels which are normal to conventional high speed steels become brittle if the material is produced by conventional casting, since large and generally unevenly distributed primary vanadium carbides are obtained which do not dissolve upon curing but remain in undissolved form and appears embrittled.
Detta problem löses genom uppfinningen genom att framställa stålet pulvermetallurgiskt, varigenom tillförsäkras att de primära vanadin- karbiderna blir små och jämnt fördelade i stålet.This problem is solved by the invention by producing the steel powder metallurgically, thereby ensuring that the primary vanadium carbides become small and evenly distributed in the steel.
Den mindre del av vanadinkarbidvolymen som upplöses vid härdning utskiljs emellertid åter som MC-karbider vid anlöpning och medverkar härvid till en förstärkning av sekundärhårdnandet.However, the smaller part of the vanadium carbide volume that dissolves during curing is again excreted as MC carbides during tempering and thereby contributes to a strengthening of the secondary hardening.
Vanadin har alltså en nyckelroll för att åstadkomma den stora slit- styrkan i stålet - och även för att ge en adekvat seghet enligt uppfinningen - och skall därför förekomma i en halt av minst 7.5 %, företrädesvis minst 7.8 % och lämpligen minst 7.9 %. Alltför mycket vanadin kan emellertid förorsaka sprödhet, varför vanadinhalten begränsas till max 9.5 %, företrädesvis 9 % och lämpligen max 8.5 %.Vanadium thus has a key role in achieving the high wear resistance of the steel - and also in providing adequate toughness according to the invention - and should therefore be present in a content of at least 7.5%, preferably at least 7.8% and preferably at least 7.9%. However, too much vanadium can cause brittleness, so the vanadium content is limited to a maximum of 9.5%, preferably 9% and preferably a maximum of 8.5%.
Den nominella vanadinhalten uppgår till 8 %. 10 15 20 25 30 35 i'50o 007 Förutom ovan nämnda element innehåller stålet kväve, oundvikliga föroreningar samt andra restprodukter från stålets smältmetallurgiska behandling än de ovan nämnda i normala halter. Kobolt, som kan före- komma i vissa snabbstål och andra verktygsstål, ingår normalt inte i detta stål men kan tolereras i halter upp till max 1.0%, företrädesvis max O.5%. Eftersom stålet skall kunna användas vid rumstemperatur, innehåller stålet emellertid lämpligen ingen kobolt, eftersom detta kan göra stålet mindre segt. Andra element kan avsiktligt tillsättas stålet i mindre halter, under förutsättning att de dels inte ändrar de avsedda interaktionerna mellan stålets legeringselement, dels inte försämrar stålets avsedda egenskaper och dess lämplighet för de avsedda applikationerna.The nominal vanadium content is 8%. 10 15 20 25 30 35 i'50o 007 In addition to the elements mentioned above, the steel contains nitrogen, unavoidable impurities and other residues from the molten metallurgical treatment of the steel than those mentioned above in normal contents. Cobalt, which can be found in certain high-speed steels and other tool steels, is not normally included in this steel but can be tolerated in concentrations up to a maximum of 1.0%, preferably a maximum of O.5%. However, since the steel can be used at room temperature, the steel preferably does not contain cobalt, as this can make the steel less tough. Other elements can be intentionally added to the steel in smaller concentrations, provided that they do not change the intended interactions between the alloying elements of the steel, and do not impair the intended properties of the steel and its suitability for the intended applications.
Stålets tekniska egenskaper kan beskrivas enligt följande: - Stålet utgörs av ett pulvermetallurgiskt framställt snabbstål, vars legeringssammansättning främst utmärks av en hög vanadinhalt. I leveranstillstånd har stålet en huvudsakligen ferritisk grundmassa, som innehåller en betydande mängd karbid, främst vanadinkarbid, Karbiderna är finkorniga och jämnt fördelade i stålet.The technical properties of the steel can be described as follows: - The steel consists of a powder metallurgically produced high-speed steel, the alloy composition of which is mainly characterized by a high vanadium content. In the delivery condition, the steel has a mainly ferritic matrix, which contains a significant amount of carbide, mainly vanadium carbide. The carbides are fine-grained and evenly distributed in the steel.
- Efter upplösningsbehandling i temperaturområdet 1000-l250°C, före- trädesvis inom området 1050-l220°C och svalning till rumstemperatur har stålets matrix en övervägande martensitisk struktur men med en hög restaustenithalt. En del av karbiderna är upplösta men 15-20 volym-% finkorniga, jämnt fördelade vanadinkarbider finns kvar i stålet.After dissolution treatment in the temperature range 1000-150 ° C, preferably in the range 1050-120 ° C and cooling to room temperature, the steel matrix has a predominantly martensitic structure but with a high residual austenite content. Some of the carbides are dissolved, but 15-20% by volume of fine-grained, evenly distributed vanadium carbides remain in the steel.
- Genom anlöpning till en temperatur inom temperaturintervallet 500-600°C ökas hårdheten till 58-66 HRC (hårdheten inom detta inter- vall beror på upplösningstemperaturen), genom att restausteniten väsentligen elimineras och omvandlas till martensit och genom sekun- där utskiljning av M2C-karbider, där M främst utgörs av molybden och wolfram och till mindre del av krom, mangan och järn, och MC-karbider, där M främst utgörs av vanadin.- By tempering to a temperature in the temperature range 500-600 ° C, the hardness is increased to 58-66 HRC (the hardness in this range depends on the dissolution temperature), by substantially eliminating the residual austenite and converting to martensite and by seconds precipitation of M2C- carbides, where M is mainly molybdenum and tungsten and to a lesser extent chromium, manganese and iron, and MC carbides, where M is mainly vanadium.
- Genom den stora mängden vanadinkarbid, får det härdade och anlöpta stålet en mycket stor slitstyrka vid rumstemperatur, och genom legeringskombinationen får stålet i övrigt en adekvat kombination av hårdhet och seghet för exempelvis följande typer av verktyg: verktyg 10 15 20 25 30 35 500 007 för att skära i papper och trä, såsom arkskärknivar; pulverstämplar och driftar. Andra tänkbara användningar är för föremål som utsätts för slitage mot vägbanor, såsom däckdubb.- Due to the large amount of vanadium carbide, the hardened and tempered steel has a very high wear resistance at room temperature, and due to the alloy combination, the steel otherwise has an adequate combination of hardness and toughness for the following types of tools: tools 10 15 20 25 30 35 500 007 for cutting paper and wood, such as sheet cutting knives; powder stamps and drives. Other possible uses are for objects that are exposed to wear against road surfaces, such as tire studs.
Snabbstålet enligt uppfinningen och dess egenskaper skall i det följande ytterligare belysas genom utförda försök. Härvid kommer att hänvisas till bifogade ritningsfigurer, av vilka Fig. 1 utgör ett diagram innehållande kurvor som visar hårdheten hos de undersökta stålen efter anlöpning som funktion av härdningstemperaturen, och Fig. 2 utgör ett diagram innehållande kurvor som visar hårdheten hos de undersökta stålen som funktion av anlöpningstemperaturen.The high-speed steel according to the invention and its properties will be further elucidated in the following by experiments performed. Reference will be made to the accompanying drawing figures, of which Fig. 1 is a diagram containing curves showing the hardness of the examined steels after tempering as a function of the hardening temperature, and Fig. 2 is a diagram containing curves showing the hardness of the examined steels as a function of the tempering temperature.
De undersökta stålen hade en sammansättning enligt tabell 1. 500 G07 mficuåmnwwcficwnounm fimeLoc mm mwwfi mwmcw cmx :we Nuåomuouc: .wm u .mtc .m.= N.@H wa. N.« @.N .@.= H.< >N. ww. «@.N NNNHNN N .@.= @.@H ON. N.< @m.N .N.= H.< om. ßw. mm.N ßmNflH@ N .m.= «.æ NN. m.m >w.N .m.= o.< vw. mv. @N.N @wNHHm w .@.: mm.w NN. H.< o.m .@.= o.w Nm. mm. ~H.N WNNHHN m .«.: m.w om. H.< H.N .N.= o.< vw. Hm. «@.~ QNNHHN Q Nøfi. w~.@ Hm. @@.@ w@.N NN. æH.« NN. mv. wm.N oovfiflm N mwo. HH.N Nm. >@.m @@.N NH. >@.N om. mw. m@.N Nowflfim N mwo. @~.æ Nm. ß@.N N@.N wwo. Ho.« NN. vw. om.N Hovfiñw N z > ou a. oz fiz nu =: Nm U pc wwuwzu nu Amaw H fifiwnua 10 15 20 25 30 35 500 007 Samtliga stål framställdes pulvermetallurgiskt i form av 200- kilokapslar, som konsoliderades till fullständig täthet genom hetíso- statisk pressning vid ll50°C, 1 h och 1000 bar. Av detta material framställdes stänger med dimensionen 10 mm runt genom varmvalsning. Av dessa stänger framställdes provstycken som härdades genom upplösníngs- behandling vid härdtemperaturer varierande mellan 1050 och l220°C, svalning till rumstemperatur samt anlöpning till olika temperaturer mellan 500 och 600°C. Uppnådda hårdheter vid olika härdtemperaturer efter anlöpning till 560°C framgår av kurvorna i Fig. 1, medan hård- hetens beroende av anlöpningstemperaturen framgår av kurvorna i Fig. 2. I det senare fallet hade samtliga stål härdats från en upplös- ningstemperatur på ll80°C. Av diagrammen kan utläsas att högsta hård- het uppnås med de uppfinningsenliga stålen 1, 2 och 3. Av ett stål med sammansättning enligt uppfinningen framställdes arkskärknivar. Vid fältprovning höll dessa knivar cirka 3 månader, medan knivar av jämförelsematerialet ASP R 23 höll cirka 3 veckor under likartade förhållanden, vilket indikerar att stålet enligt uppfinningen har mycket god slitstyrka vid skärning i papper och att det även har en för denna applikation tillräcklig seghet.The examined steels had a composition according to Table 1. 500 G07 m fi cuåmnwwc fi cwnounm fi meLoc mm mww fi mwmcw cmx: we Nuåomuouc: .wm u .mtc .m. = N. @ H wa. N. «@ .N. @. = H. <> N. ww. «@ .N NNNHNN N. @. = @. @ H ON. N. <@ m.N .N. = H. <om. ßw. mm.N ßmN fl H @ N .m. = «.æ NN. m.m> w.N .m. = o. <vw. mv. @ N.N @wNHHm w. @ .: mm.w NN. H. <o.m. @. = O.w Nm. mm. ~ H.N WNNHHN m. «.: m.w om. H. <H.N .N. = O. <Vw. Hm. «@. ~ QNNHHN Q Nø fi. w ~. @ Hm. @@. @ w @ .N NN. æH. «NN. mv. wm.N oov fifl m N mwo. HH.N Nm. > @. m @@. N NH. > @. N om. mw. m @ .N Now flfi m N mwo. @ ~ .æ Nm. ß @ .N N @ .N wwo. Ho. «NN. vw. om. static pressing at 1150 ° C, 1 hour and 1000 bar. Bars with the dimension 10 mm were made from this material by hot rolling. From these rods, specimens were prepared which were cured by dissolution treatment at cure temperatures varying between 1050 and 120 ° C, cooling to room temperature and tempering to different temperatures between 500 and 600 ° C. Achieved hardnesses at different hardening temperatures after tempering to 560 ° C are shown by the curves in Fig. 1, while the hardness dependence on the tempering temperature is shown by the curves in Fig. 2. In the latter case, all steels had been hardened from a resolution temperature of 180 ° C. From the diagrams it can be read that the highest hardness is achieved with the steels 1, 2 and 3 of the invention. In field testing, these knives lasted about 3 months, while knives of the comparative material ASP R 23 lasted about 3 weeks under similar conditions, which indicates that the steel according to the invention has very good wear resistance when cutting paper and that it also has sufficient toughness for this application.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE9102299A SE500007C2 (en) | 1991-08-07 | 1991-08-07 | High speed tool steel mfd. by powder metallurgy for high resistance to wear - comprises carbon@, silicon@, manganese@, chromium@, molybdenum@, tungsten@, vanadium@ and iron@, for tools with high toughness e.g. knives |
| JP50350493A JP3809185B2 (en) | 1991-08-07 | 1992-08-04 | High speed steel manufactured by powder metallurgy |
| PCT/SE1992/000538 WO1993002821A1 (en) | 1991-08-07 | 1992-08-04 | High-speed steel manufactured by powder metallurgy |
| US08/193,045 US5578773A (en) | 1991-08-07 | 1992-08-04 | High-speed steel manufactured by powder metallurgy |
| EP92917844A EP0598814B1 (en) | 1991-08-07 | 1992-08-04 | High-speed steel manufactured by powder metallurgy |
| AT92917844T ATE150994T1 (en) | 1991-08-07 | 1992-08-04 | POWDER METALLURGICALLY PRODUCED FAST-WORKING STEEL |
| DE69218779T DE69218779T2 (en) | 1991-08-07 | 1992-08-04 | POWDER METALLURGICALLY PRODUCED FAST WORK STEEL |
| AU24301/92A AU2430192A (en) | 1991-08-07 | 1992-08-04 | High-speed steel manufactured by powder metallurgy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE9102299A SE500007C2 (en) | 1991-08-07 | 1991-08-07 | High speed tool steel mfd. by powder metallurgy for high resistance to wear - comprises carbon@, silicon@, manganese@, chromium@, molybdenum@, tungsten@, vanadium@ and iron@, for tools with high toughness e.g. knives |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE9102299D0 SE9102299D0 (en) | 1991-08-07 |
| SE9102299L SE9102299L (en) | 1993-02-08 |
| SE500007C2 true SE500007C2 (en) | 1994-03-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE9102299A SE500007C2 (en) | 1991-08-07 | 1991-08-07 | High speed tool steel mfd. by powder metallurgy for high resistance to wear - comprises carbon@, silicon@, manganese@, chromium@, molybdenum@, tungsten@, vanadium@ and iron@, for tools with high toughness e.g. knives |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| SE (1) | SE500007C2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108411220A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-08-17 | 河冶科技股份有限公司 | High vanadium abrasion-resistant stee of high-carbon and preparation method thereof |
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1991
- 1991-08-07 SE SE9102299A patent/SE500007C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE9102299D0 (en) | 1991-08-07 |
| SE9102299L (en) | 1993-02-08 |
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