SE460951B - DEVICE FOR SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS IN REACTOR WITH CIRCULATING BED - Google Patents
DEVICE FOR SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS IN REACTOR WITH CIRCULATING BEDInfo
- Publication number
- SE460951B SE460951B SE8502499A SE8502499A SE460951B SE 460951 B SE460951 B SE 460951B SE 8502499 A SE8502499 A SE 8502499A SE 8502499 A SE8502499 A SE 8502499A SE 460951 B SE460951 B SE 460951B
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- reactor
- vortex chamber
- solid material
- concentric
- vortex
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/005—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
- B01J8/38—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation or to a circulatory movement, i.e. leaving a vessel and subsequently re-entering it
- B01J8/384—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation or to a circulatory movement, i.e. leaving a vessel and subsequently re-entering it being subject to a circulatory movement only
- B01J8/388—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation or to a circulatory movement, i.e. leaving a vessel and subsequently re-entering it being subject to a circulatory movement only externally, i.e. the particles leaving the vessel and subsequently re-entering it
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
- B04C3/04—Multiple arrangement thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
- F23J2900/15026—Cyclone separators with horizontal axis
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Cyclones (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Description
460 951 av detta strävar den konventionella cyklonen till att suga från fallröret. Den sugströmning som uppstår har vanligtvis ingen tangentialhastíghet, så att nästan allt det fasta material den för med sig strömmar ut genom cyklonens central- rör. Ett återföringssystem försett med en konventionell cyklon är således mycket känsligt för fallrörets sugström- ningar och kräver ett pålitligt gaslås. 460 951 of this, the conventional cyclone strives to suck from the downcomer. The suction flow that occurs usually has no tangential velocity, so that almost all the solid material it carries flows out through the cyclone's central pipe. A return system equipped with a conventional cyclone is thus very sensitive to the suction flows of the downcomer and requires a reliable gas lock.
I ångpannetillämpningar leder användandet av en konventio- nell cyklon till en oförmånlig konstruktion eftersom en konventionell cyklon avdelar pannan i en förbränningskammare och en konvektionsdel efter cyklonen, mellan vilka åter- föringsanordningarna för det fasta materialet är placerade.In boiler applications, the use of a conventional cyclone leads to an unfavorable construction because a conventional cyclone divides the boiler into a combustion chamber and a convection part after the cyclone, between which the solids return devices are located.
De mekaniska gaslåsena slits hastigt särskilt i heta för- hållanden och de har ofta driftstörningar.The mechanical gas locks wear quickly, especially in hot conditions, and they often have malfunctions.
Kända är också lösningar där en konventionell cyklon monte- ras in i reaktorn, varvid hela återföringssystemet för det fasta materialet befinner sig inne i reaktorn. De stora nackdelarna i detta system är korrosions- och erosions- problemen eftersom kylningen av stödkonstruktionen inte kan åstadkommas med enkla lösningar. Ytterligare lider systemet av den konventionella cyklonens känslighet för fallrörets sugströmningar.Also known are solutions where a conventional cyclone is mounted in the reactor, the entire recycle system for the solid material being located inside the reactor. The major disadvantages of this system are the corrosion and erosion problems because the cooling of the support structure cannot be achieved with simple solutions. In addition, the system suffers from the sensitivity of the conventional cyclone to the suction flows of the downcomer.
Uppfinningen har till ändamål att åstadkomma en anordning med vilken nackdelar förekommande i ovannämnda anordningar kan elimineras och en hög avskiljningsgrad nås. För att nå detta mål används en 2-stegs- eller flerstegsavskiljning, där i det första steget grova, slitande partiklar avskiljs med relativt låg periferihastighet och i de följande stegena mindre partiklar med högre periferihastighet. 460 951 Anordningen enligt uppfinningen kännetecknas av, att den innefattar åtminstone två olika stora, huvudsakligen våg- räta, koncentriska virvelkammare bredvid varandra, som är försedda med gasutlopp, som är koncentriska med virvel- kammaren och varav den med mindre diameter är försedd med ett med virvelkammaren koncentriskt gasinlopp, som är förenat med gasutloppet i virvelkammaren med större dia- meter.The object of the invention is to provide a device with which disadvantages present in the above-mentioned devices can be eliminated and a high degree of separation is achieved. To achieve this goal, a 2-stage or multi-stage separation is used, where in the first stage coarse, abrasive particles are separated at a relatively low peripheral velocity and in the following stages smaller particles with a higher peripheral velocity. The device according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises at least two different sized, substantially horizontal, concentric vortex chambers next to each other, which are provided with gas outlets, which are concentric with the vortex chamber and of which the smaller diameter is provided with a the vortex chamber concentric gas inlet, which is connected to the gas outlet in the vortex chamber with larger diameters.
Uppfinningen beskrivs i det följande närmare under hänvis- ning till bifogade ritningar, där fig. 1 visar ett schematiskt vertikalsnitt av en utförings- form av uppfinningen och fig. 2 visar ett snitt längs linjen B-B i fig 1.The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a schematic vertical section of an embodiment of the invention and Fig. 2 shows a section along the line B-B in Fig. 1.
I figurerna hänvisar referensnummer 1 till en vertikal reaktor med en cirkulerande bädd, där gaserna som avgår från dess övre del gaser leds till en första virvelkammare 2 av en med två vågräta virvelkammare försedd avskiljare 4 via en till virvelkamaren tangentiellt anslutad gasinloppskanal 3.In the figures, reference numeral 1 refers to a vertical reactor with a circulating bed, where the gases leaving from its upper part gases are led to a first vortex chamber 2 by a separator 4 provided with two horizontal vortex chambers via a gas inlet duct 3 connected to the vortex chamber.
Det fasta materialet som har anrikats på virvelkammarens periferi avgår från virvelkammaren via en öppning 5 på periferin och strömmar tillbaka till reaktorn via en äter- föringskanal 6 som är tangentiellt ansluten till virvel- kammaren. Den andra, till diamatern mindre virvelkamaren 10 är förenad med en gasutloppsöppning 8 anordnad i den andra ändan 7 av den första virvelkamaren. Det fasta materialet som har anrikats på virvelkammarens periferi avgår från virvelkammaren via en öppning på periferin och àterförs via áterföringskanalen 11 till reaktorn eller avlägsnas från systemet via en utloppskanal 12.The solid material which has been enriched on the periphery of the vortex chamber departs from the vortex chamber via an opening 5 on the periphery and flows back to the reactor via a return duct 6 which is tangentially connected to the vortex chamber. The second, in diameter smaller vortex chamber 10 is connected to a gas outlet opening 8 arranged in the second end 7 of the first vortex chamber. The solid material which has been enriched on the periphery of the vortex chamber departs from the vortex chamber via an opening on the periphery and is returned via the feed channel 11 to the reactor or is removed from the system via an outlet channel 12.
De renade gaserna strömmar via en öppning 14 i virvel- kammarens 10 ända 13 till konvektionsdelen 9. 460 951 Systemet enligt uppfinningen skiljer sig strömningstekniskt från ett konventionellt bland annat där att det fasta materialet àterförs till reaktorn med en gasström (1-10% av gaserna). En bra avskiljningsförmäga àstadkommes eftersom avgàngsstället för det fasta materialet är pá virvelkamma- rens periferi var det fasta materialets hastighet är som störst.The purified gases flow via an opening 14 in the end 13 of the vortex chamber 10 to the convection part 9. 460 951 The system according to the invention differs in terms of flow technology from a conventional one, among other things where the solid material is returned to the reactor with a gas stream (1-10% of the gases ). A good separation ability is achieved because the point of departure for the solid material is on the periphery of the vortex chamber where the speed of the solid material is greatest.
Med systemet enligt uppfinningen åstadkommas tydliga kon- struktiva fördelar varav kan omnämnas: - en kompakt konstruktion ' - expansionsfogar kan undvikas - reaktorn med cirkulerande bädd kan trycksättas utan avsevärda extra kostnader.With the system according to the invention clear structural advantages are achieved of which can be mentioned: - a compact construction '- expansion joints can be avoided - the reactor with circulating bed can be pressurized without considerable additional costs.
Det fasta materialet kan avlägsnas från virvelkammaren via en öppning som sträcker sig över hela virvelkammarens bredd och en med denna förenad áterföringskanal eller via ett flertal öppningar och àterföringskanaler bredvid varandra.The solid material can be removed from the vortex chamber via an opening extending over the entire width of the vortex chamber and a return channel connected thereto or via a plurality of openings and return channels next to each other.
Aterföringskanalerna kan förses med en kylmantel om det fasta material som skall àterföras till reaktorn önskas kylas. Återföringskanalerna kan förses med en ventil så att en del av kanalerna kan stängas. Aterföringskanalernas anslutningsställen kan placeras pà olika höjder i reaktorn så att det fasta materialet kan ledas till ett önskat ställe.The return ducts can be provided with a cooling jacket if the solid material to be returned to the reactor is desired to be cooled. The return ducts can be fitted with a valve so that some of the ducts can be closed. The connection points of the return ducts can be placed at different heights in the reactor so that the solid material can be led to a desired place.
Uppfinningen är ej begränsad till den som exempel visade utföringsformen utan den kan modifieras och tillämpas inom ramen för den av patentkravet definierade uppfinningstanken.The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment shown, but it can be modified and applied within the scope of the inventive concept defined by the claim.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI842202A FI842202A0 (en) | 1984-06-01 | 1984-06-01 | ANCILLATION OF THE FAST MATERIAL I REACTOR WITH CIRCULAR BEDD. |
| FI844442A FI70528C (en) | 1984-06-01 | 1984-11-13 | Apparatus for separating solids in circulating bed reactor. |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE8502499D0 SE8502499D0 (en) | 1985-05-21 |
| SE8502499L SE8502499L (en) | 1985-12-02 |
| SE460951B true SE460951B (en) | 1989-12-11 |
Family
ID=26157613
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8502499A SE460951B (en) | 1984-06-01 | 1985-05-21 | DEVICE FOR SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS IN REACTOR WITH CIRCULATING BED |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU557224B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1258037A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3517986A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI70528C (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2159726B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE460951B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5171542A (en) * | 1984-03-20 | 1992-12-15 | A. Ahlstrom Corporation | Circulating fluidized bed reactor |
| US4900516A (en) * | 1984-06-01 | 1990-02-13 | A. Ahlstrom Corporation | Fluidized bed reactor |
| FI86105C (en) * | 1985-11-19 | 1992-07-10 | Ahlstroem Oy | Method and apparatus for controlling the operation of a fluidized bed reactor |
| ATE58220T1 (en) * | 1985-12-09 | 1990-11-15 | Ahlstroem Oy | CIRCULATION FLUID BED REACTOR, PROCESS FOR SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM FLUE GAS. |
| US4869207A (en) * | 1987-07-13 | 1989-09-26 | A. Ahlstrom Corporation | Circulating fluidized bed reactor |
| US5174799A (en) * | 1990-04-06 | 1992-12-29 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation | Horizontal cyclone separator for a fluidized bed reactor |
| DE4308103A1 (en) * | 1993-03-15 | 1994-09-22 | Buehler Ag | Fluidized bed |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI62468C (en) * | 1981-08-24 | 1983-01-10 | Ahlstroem Oy | VIRVELBAEDDSREAKTOR |
-
1984
- 1984-11-13 FI FI844442A patent/FI70528C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1985
- 1985-05-17 AU AU42611/85A patent/AU557224B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1985-05-18 DE DE19853517986 patent/DE3517986A1/en active Granted
- 1985-05-21 SE SE8502499A patent/SE460951B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-05-30 CA CA000482775A patent/CA1258037A/en not_active Expired
- 1985-06-03 GB GB08513916A patent/GB2159726B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI70528B (en) | 1986-06-06 |
| DE3517986C2 (en) | 1989-06-01 |
| AU557224B2 (en) | 1986-12-11 |
| FI70528C (en) | 1987-11-25 |
| CA1258037A (en) | 1989-08-01 |
| GB8513916D0 (en) | 1985-07-03 |
| DE3517986A1 (en) | 1985-12-05 |
| FI844442L (en) | 1985-12-02 |
| FI844442A0 (en) | 1984-11-13 |
| GB2159726A (en) | 1985-12-11 |
| SE8502499L (en) | 1985-12-02 |
| SE8502499D0 (en) | 1985-05-21 |
| GB2159726B (en) | 1988-03-02 |
| AU4261185A (en) | 1985-12-05 |
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| NAL | Patent in force |
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