SE458994B - PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURE OF PRINCIPLE MANUFACTURED CONCRETE ELEMENTS - Google Patents

Description

458 994. a transport trolley or the like from one work step to another. Such workstations can be, for example, dumping station, cleaning and loading station, reinforcement station, vibration and casting station, station for installation of thermal insulation, station for casting and vibration of the second concrete layer, post-processing station, as well as heat treatment furnace.

There can always be a larger or smaller number of stations and work steps as required.

With regard to the solutions noted above, it can be stated with some generalization that casting with a stationary mold is suitable for simple elements, dump mold systems are mainly suitable for facade elements that are tailored for production on a relatively small scale and that transport lines in plane for molds are best v v_ suitable for large scale series production. ' In construction and prefabrication, more and more requirements are set that are not met by methods according to prior art, including the above-mentioned. Such requirements are, for example, the following: Construction projects can be of short duration, so that it must be possible to build, dismantle, and, if necessary, to rebuild the production line quickly and at low cost. It must be possible to easily increase production capacity. Production should be slightly variable, even in accordance with daily variations in load. The system should be suitable for different space solutions, and the space requirement should preferably be small.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide such a system of a completely new type for the casting of prefabricated concrete elements which meet the operational requirements stated in the preceding paragraph. The invention is based on the use of such a multi-purpose trolley, which comprises several functions required for the casting line and which can be switched from one mold to another in order to perform these operations. In particular, the method according to the invention is characterized by the features stated in the characterizing part of claim 1.

The equipment according to the invention is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing part of claim 3. molds which may have a lot or webs, along which from one mold to the next are moved without webs through According to the invention several simple constructions are used, as well as a web or which the multi-purpose trolley runs mold. Of course, the stroller can also use rubber wheels or other suitable wheels. The multi-purpose trolley can be provided, for example, with mold dumping means and vibrating means, and it can function as a mold transport trolley.

If necessary, the trolley can also be equipped with other functions.

In the present process, the casting of the concrete in the molds takes place by using casting machines or casting vessels known in the art.

By means of the invention considerable advantages are obtained. Thus, for example, according to the method in a casting line of 10 molds, the dumping, vibration and the other operations can be handled by means of one device, while, for example, in a dump mold solution according to the prior art, 10 devices would be required. This means considerable economy in investment costs.

. In the process, the forms can be placed close to each other and be located relatively freely, whereby the space economy is significant. The molds can be very simple constructions without impellers, dumping means, etc. and rest on a foundation or on legs, so that this also provides economy in costs.

In the process, the equipment can be placed on a very small foundation, even directly on the floor of a normal factory for prefabrication, whereby the time required for installation of the equipment is very short.

In the process, the molds can be easily added to the casting line, the molds can be removed from the line, or the molds can be exchanged for repair work, especially lining. In such a case 458 994 10 15 20 25 30 4, the space required for the line is only the space required by the molds at any particular time in production.

The remaining space can always be used freely for other purposes.

The present invention allows a truly mobile factory with a view to high economy, whereby prefabrication of elements can be started and interrupted individually for each, special project.

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a casting line in accordance with the invention, intended for flat molds, seen from above.

Fig. 2 shows a section of a casting line according to Fig. 1.

Pig. 3 is a side view of an exemplary embodiment of a multi-purpose carriage in accordance with the invention.

Pig. Fig. 4 shows the construction of the multi-purpose carriage in accordance with Fig. 3 seen from above.

The molds 1 according to Figs. 1 and 2 are provided with side beams and with other equipment for forming the element. The mold 1 can stand on its own legs 4 or on a foundation 5 arranged on the floor. The molds 1 can be reinforced and prepared for casting in any desired sequence. When the casting is carried out, the multi-purpose trolley 2 is driven to the mold 1 arranged along the groove 3. The trolley 2 is preferably provided with its own drive motor 6, by means of which the trolley 2 is moved on its impellers 7. By means of a wedge mechanism 9 activated by a hydraulic cylinder 8 the trolley from its impellers 7 and is placed against the foundation as well as lifts the form to be supported on the trolley.

Instead of a wedge mechanism 9, it is of course possible to use an eccentric cam or some other known mechanism.

Thereby, the vibration required to compress the concrete can be taken from the carriage 2 to the mold 1. Vibrating devices 10 placed on the carriage 2 can be known hydraulic, pneumatic or electric vibrators. The counter mass 11 required, especially in the case of hydraulic vibration, is obtained by means of the wedge members 9 of the carriage 2. If necessary, the multi-purpose carriage 2 can also be made so massive that it functions as a cleaning mass. The casting of the concrete can be carried out by means of known casting methods and equipment.

If desired, the trolley 2 can also be used as a transport vehicle to transport the molds from one place to another. When a hardened element is to be removed from the mold 1 and pivoted to the vertical position, the multi-purpose carriage 2 is moved to below the intended mold, the necessary side beams for the mold 1 are opened and the mold 1 is pivoted by means of a dumping device arranged on the carriage almost to the vertical position. . The dumping device is preferably operated by means of hydraulic cylinders 12. The bracing of the mold 1 in contact with the dumping device of the carriage 2 during the swing can be ensured by means of a manual or mechanical lock 13. Thereafter the element can be removed from the mold 1, e.g. crane.

The following example describes the operation of the equipment in more detail. Example In the line there are 6 molds 1 from the beginning and the number of molds in the line can be increased later.

The compaction of the concrete takes place as low-frequency vibration as follows: The carriage 2 is moved to below the mold 1 and stopped at a suitable position. The vibration is performed by means of the hydraulic cylinders 10 so that the cylinders 10 raise the mold 1 by about 4 to 5 mm and let the mold suddenly fall down on the legs 4. In practice this takes place at a frequency of about 2 c / s. The vibration can also be performed in another way, for example by placing high-frequency vibration beams on the carriage 2. 458 994 '10 15 "'20 25 The transport of the mold 1 takes place as follows: The carriage 2 is moved to under the mold 1 to the desired position, the mold 1 is raised by means of the cylinders 10 and the cylinders 10 are stopped, the mold 1 is driven by means of the carriage 2 to the desired position, and the mold is lowered onto its legs 4 by means of the cylinders 10.

Dumping of the mold takes place as follows: After the element has hardened and it can be removed from the mold, the carriage 2 is moved to below the mold 1. The latches 13, operated by means of hydraulic cylinders, are opened, by means of which latches the mold 1 are held on the carriage 2 dumping device during dumping. The mold 1 is dumped almost to the vertical position by means of the cylinders 12 of the dumping device of the carriage 2, after which the element can be removed from the mold 1, for example by means of a crane. Form 1 is dumped downwards by means of the dumping device. The catches 3 are swung downwards, after which the carriage 2 can be moved to the next function.

The operations of the casting line can most conveniently be controlled from a stationary or mobile control console, not shown, located along the line. The method and equipment according to the invention can also be carried out using construction solutions which differ from those described in the example. In the same way, the multi-purpose trolley can also be provided with other functions, for example auxiliary equipment required for processing the concrete element, but, also in such a case with an embodiment according to the invention.

Claims (5)

L 458 994 PATENT REQUIREMENTS A method for producing prefabricated concrete elements, according to which method - at least two molds (1) are used, preferably planar molds, in which concrete is cast in a manner known per se, - each mold (1) is vibrated in order to compress the concrete and e after sufficient hardening, each element is placed in a transport position and transferred to the next treatment step, characterized in that - such a trolley (2) is used, which exhibits at least vibration (10), dumping (12) and transport devices (7) and which are changed from one mold (1) to another for individual treatment of the element in each mold (1) and that - the trolley (2) is moved in turn under each mold (1), which is placed on support (4, 5), the vibrating devices (10) are connected to contact with the mold (1) and vibration is performed, and the dumping devices (12) are connected to contact with the mold (1) and dumping of the mold (1) and the element are performed to at least approximately vertical position. Device for the production of prefabricated concrete elements, which device comprises - at least two planar molds (1) arranged on supports (4, 5) from which they can be detached, - vibration devices (10) for vibration of the molds (1), - dumping devices (12) for dumping each mold (1) for the purpose of bringing the element placed in the mold (1) into transport position, and - at least one trolley (2) having vibration (10) and dumping devices (12) and can be transported to a position under each mold (2) for vibration and dumping measures, characterized in that the device comprises a web (3) preferably a web with rails, along which the carriage can be transported from a mold (1) to a another and that the vibrational contact between the carriage (2) and the mold (1) has been established by means of a wedge equipment (9). l 458 994 - 8 Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the dumping device consists of a power device, preferably a hydraulic cylinder (12), adapted to the carriage (2) and acting against the bottom of the mold (1). Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the vibration devices consist of hydraulic cylinders (10). Device according to claim 2, characterized in that each mold (1) is provided with joints at one edge for the purpose of promoting dumping. äV