SE452963B - Wear-resistant surface prodn. on steel machine parts - Google Patents
Wear-resistant surface prodn. on steel machine partsInfo
- Publication number
- SE452963B SE452963B SE8405329A SE8405329A SE452963B SE 452963 B SE452963 B SE 452963B SE 8405329 A SE8405329 A SE 8405329A SE 8405329 A SE8405329 A SE 8405329A SE 452963 B SE452963 B SE 452963B
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- steel
- silicon
- machine parts
- wear
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
452 963 landen kan inte åstadkommas med något sprutförfarande. 452 963 countries can not be achieved by any spraying procedure.
När den smälta beläggningen eller tillsatsmaterialet tillförs det smälta basmaterialet genom påsvetsning, blandas dessa med varandra. Då försämras de hårda be- läggningarnas egenskaper till följd av utspädning, och skiktets sammansättning och således dess egenskaper kan inte bevaras och inte behärskas i tillräcklig grad.When the molten coating or additive material is applied to the molten base material by welding, mix these with each other. Then the harsh conditions deteriorate. the properties of the plants due to dilution, and the composition of the layer and thus its properties can not be preserved and not adequately controlled.
Man minskar legeringen med basmaterialet genom att öka beläggningsskiktens antal, men på detta sätt ökar kost- naderna, och tillverkningstiden förlängs.The alloy with the base material is reduced by increasing the number of coating layers, but in this way the cost and the production time is extended.
I färd med ständigt ökande fordringar som bruksförhál- landena ställer på maskinelement har man i allmänhet sökt efter lösning till hâllfasthetsproblemen i mera noggrant legerande av den hårda beläggningen än förut.In the process of ever-increasing claims as a use countries set up machine elements in general sought solution to the strength problems in more carefully alloying the hard coating than before.
Detta lösningssätt fungerar emellertid inte beroende på de ovannämnda bristfällígheterna som finns i de in- dustriella tillverkningsmetoderna.However, this solution does not work depending on the above-mentioned shortcomings contained in the industrial manufacturing methods.
Beläggningen enligt denna uppfinning framställs liksom den traditionella hårda beläggningen genom tillförsel till det smälta basmaterialet av tillsatsämne, pulver- formigt kisel, men beläggningens uppkomstmekanism är fullkomligt ny och avvikande jämfört med sådana belägg- ningsmetoder som är i bruk. Tillsatsämnets syfte är att förädla basmaterialet, inte att bilda ett separat yt- skikt med tillsatsämnets karaktär. När man på detta sätt legerar exempelvis ytskiktet hos rostfritt stål, får man till stånd en beläggning som håller fast vid grundmate- rialet på samma sätt som en svets. Det har rikligt med användningar i process- och kemiska industrins rörliga maskinelement såsom turbiner, förbränningsmotorer, pumpar och ventiler. Bruk finns överallt där det behövs slit- och korrosionshållfasthet under skavande omständigheter och/eller vid höga temperaturer. Även ytan av kolstál eller annat låglegerat stål blir bättre genom kisellege- ring. 452 963 Användning av kisel som legeringsämne i gjutjärn och stål är i och för sig känd och vidsträckt undersökt teknik. Metals handbook, 1958 ASTM, Cleveland Ohio, s 477, omnämner användning av kisel i och för förbätt- ring av korrosionshållfastheten hos rostfritt stål vid hög temperatur. Kiselhalten är då 2 - 3%. Inga omnämnanden av kisels användning i höga koncentra- tioner för förbättring av slithållfastheten förekommer i den citerade publikationen. I DE-utläggningsskriften 1 248 831 (21 h 30/11) har kisel anförts som legerings- ämne i en hård beläggning, men uppfinningen utgör tra- ditionell påsvetsningsteknik där separat pàfört tilläggs- ämne och legeringsämnen smälts på basmaterialet och smältan efter sin stelning bildar ett beläggningsskikt ovanpå det delvis smälta basmaterialet. I GB-patent- skriften 1,043,428 (C 23 c 11/06) har framförts använd- ningen av kisel till förbättring av korrosionshållfast- heten hos stål, legerat stål eller en krom-nickellegering eller rostfritt stål genom att man ökar kiselhalten i ett tunt ytskikt med hjälp av diffusion. I det uppfin- ningsenliga förfarandet håller man stålet under en lång tid vid hög temperatur, varvid från den på ytan pálagda pulverblandningen kisel diffunderar in i basmaterialet, där dess halt är 0,3 - 3%.The coating of this invention is prepared as well the traditional hard coating by supply to the molten base material of additive, powder silicon, but the origin of the coating is completely new and divergent compared to such methods in use. The purpose of the additive is to refine the base material, not to form a separate surface layer with the character of the additive. When in this way alloys, for example, the surface layer of stainless steel, you get to create a coating that adheres to the basic material the material in the same way as a weld. It has plenty uses in the process and chemical industry variable machine elements such as turbines, internal combustion engines, pumps and valves. Mills are everywhere where wear and tear is needed. and corrosion resistance under abrasive conditions and / or at high temperatures. Also the surface of carbon steel or other low-alloy steel is improved by silicon alloy ring. 452 963 Use of silicon as an alloying element in cast iron and steel is known per se and has been extensively studied technique. Metals Handbook, 1958 ASTM, Cleveland Ohio, s 477, mentions the use of silicon in order to improve corrosion resistance of stainless steel at high temperature. The silicon content is then 2 - 3%. No mentions of the use of silicon in high concentrations tions for improving the wear resistance occur in the cited publication. In the DE explanatory note 1,248,831 (21 h 30/11), silicon has been cited as an alloy substance in a hard coating, but the invention constitutes additional welding technology where separately applied additional substance and alloying elements are melted on the base material and the melt after its solidification forms a coating layer on top of the partially molten base material. In the GB patent 1,043,428 (C 23 c 11/06) has been used the use of silicon to improve the corrosion resistance of steel, alloy steel or a chromium-nickel alloy or stainless steel by increasing the silicon content in a thin surface layer by means of diffusion. In the invention According to the procedure, the steel is kept for a long time time at high temperature, whereby from that applied to the surface the powder mixture silicon diffuses into the base material, where its content is 0.3 - 3%.
Legering av stålets yta med pulverformigt legeringsämne är känd genom DE-ansökningspublikationen 3 110 628 (B 23 K 9/04) och USA-patentskriften 4,234,776 (B 23 K 9/04). I ingendera publikation nämns emellertid kisels fördelaktighet i framställningen av en slithärdig be- läggning på sådant sätt som i enlighet med föreliggande uppfinning har framlagts i patentkraven.Alloy of the steel surface with powdered alloying substance is known from DE application publication 3 110 628 (B 23 K 9/04) and U.S. Patent 4,234,776 (B 23 K 9/04). In no publication, however, is silicon mentioned advantage in the production of a wear-resistant laying in such a manner as in accordance with the present invention has been set out in the claims.
Uppfinningen kännetecknas av det som har anförts i känne- teckendelen av patentkravet 1. 452 963 »P Den legerade beläggningen framställs med hjälp av sed- vanliga svetsningsanordníngar i och med att man värmer och smälter basmaterialet med plasmagas eller med en MIG-ljusbåge eller med en laserstråle. Dessa är de mest lämpliga metoderna, därför att vid svetsning med dem är smältans tjocklek och bredd lätt behärskbara.The invention is characterized by what has been stated in the character part of claim 1. 452 963 »P The alloy coating is prepared using custom ordinary welding devices when heating and melts the base material with plasma gas or with a MIG arc or with a laser beam. These are they most suitable methods, because when welding with they are easily controllable in thickness and width of the melt.
Pulverformigt kisel tillförs i smältan med en pulver- matningsanordning eller t ex vid MIG-svetsning i kärn- tråden, vars mantel lämpligast består av stål överens- stämmande med basmaterialet. Beläggningens kiselhalt, som kan inställas på önskad höjd genom reglering av pulvrets eller kärntrådens matningshastighet och mäng- den i vilken basmaterialet smälts, varierar inom 5 - 20 viktprocent. Genom variering av kiselhalten kan belägg- ningens hårdhet steglöst regleras mellan 500 och 1 200 HV.Powdered silicon is added to the melt with a powder feeding device or for example in MIG welding in the core the wire, the jacket of which most suitably consists of steel consistent with the base material. The silicon content of the coating, which can be adjusted to the desired height by adjusting the feed rate of the powder or core wire and the the one in which the base material is melted varies within 5 - 20 weight percent. By varying the silicon content, the coating The hardness of the unit is steplessly regulated between 500 and 1,200 HV.
Beläggningen håller sig härvid ännu tillräckligt seg med hänseende till bearbetning och drift. Värmetillförseln vid förfarandet enligt denna uppfinning framkallar inga skadliga deformationer, och värmetillförseln till belägg- ? ningen är inte kritisk såsom hos sedvanliga hårda be- läggningar.The coating is still sufficiently tough with regard to processing and operation. The heat supply in the process of this invention no harmful deformations, and the heat supply to the coating-? is not critical as in the case of conventional hard installations.
Tjockleken av det med pulverformigt kisel förädlade skik- tet på stålsorter är för det mest typiska 0,5 - 10mm. En sådan beläggnings mikrostruktur är en jämnkornig fast lösning påminnande om en binär legering, vars struktur är stabil även vid långvarigt hållande i en hög tempera- tur över 1 ooo°c. .üThe thickness of the powdered silicon refined steel on steel grades is for the most typical 0.5 - 10mm. One such a coating microstructure is an even-grained solid solution reminiscent of a binary alloy, the structure of which is stable even with long-term holding in a high temperature turn over 1 ooo ° c. .ü
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI831489A FI68181C (en) | 1983-05-02 | 1983-05-02 | SLITHAOLLFAST BELAEGGNING |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE8405329D0 SE8405329D0 (en) | 1984-10-25 |
| SE8405329L SE8405329L (en) | 1986-04-26 |
| SE452963B true SE452963B (en) | 1988-01-04 |
Family
ID=8517131
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8405329A SE452963B (en) | 1983-05-02 | 1984-10-25 | Wear-resistant surface prodn. on steel machine parts |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FI (1) | FI68181C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE452963B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995009736A1 (en) * | 1993-10-05 | 1995-04-13 | Olofsson Johan Lennart | Device at railway wheels and method for obtaining said device |
-
1983
- 1983-05-02 FI FI831489A patent/FI68181C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1984
- 1984-10-25 SE SE8405329A patent/SE452963B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995009736A1 (en) * | 1993-10-05 | 1995-04-13 | Olofsson Johan Lennart | Device at railway wheels and method for obtaining said device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI831489A0 (en) | 1983-05-02 |
| FI831489L (en) | 1984-11-03 |
| SE8405329L (en) | 1986-04-26 |
| SE8405329D0 (en) | 1984-10-25 |
| FI68181C (en) | 1985-08-12 |
| FI68181B (en) | 1985-04-30 |
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