FI68181B - SLITHAOLLFAST BELAEGGNING - Google Patents
SLITHAOLLFAST BELAEGGNING Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI68181B FI68181B FI831489A FI831489A FI68181B FI 68181 B FI68181 B FI 68181B FI 831489 A FI831489 A FI 831489A FI 831489 A FI831489 A FI 831489A FI 68181 B FI68181 B FI 68181B
- Authority
- FI
- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- base material
- slithaollfast
- belaeggning
- steel
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Description
681 81681 81
Kulumiskestävä pinnoite Tämän keksinnön kohteena on patenttivaatimuksen 1 johdannon mukainen pinnoite.The present invention relates to a coating according to the preamble of claim 1.
Keksinnön tarkoituksena on teräksestä, erityisesti ruostumattomasta tai haponkestävästä teräksestä valmistettujen kone-elimien ja koneenosien 5 haluttujen kohtien kulumiskestävyyden parantaminen seostamalla sulatettuun perusaineeseen jauhemaista piitä ja antamalla sulan jähmettyä. Näin muodostuu teräksen pintaan homogeeninen, piillä seostettu kerros, jolla on perusainetta huomattavasti paremmat mekaaniset ominaisuudet.The object of the invention is to improve the wear resistance of machine parts and machine parts 5 made of steel, in particular stainless or acid-resistant steel, by doping powdered silicon in a molten base material and allowing the melt to solidify. This forms a homogeneous, silicon-doped layer on the surface of the steel, which has considerably better mechanical properties than the base material.
Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukaiselle pinnoitteelle on ominaista hyvät liuku-10 ominaisuudet ja kulumiskestävyys toisia kovia pintoja kuten samanlaista piillä seostettua terästä tai kovakromilla elektrolyyttisesti pinnoitettua terästä vastaan. Korroosionkestävyys pinnoitteella on hapoissa parempi kuin haponkestävän, AISI 316 -tyyppisen teräksen ja hapettuminen korkeissa lämpötiloissa on vähäistä.The coating according to claim 1 is characterized by good sliding properties and abrasion resistance against other hard surfaces such as similar silicon-alloyed steel or hard-chromium electrolytically coated steel. The corrosion resistance of the coating in acids is better than that of acid-resistant, AISI 316 type steel and oxidation at high temperatures is low.
15 Perinteisesti saadaan koneenelimille kaikkein vaati vi naivissa olosuhteissa riittävä kestävyys ja elinikä päällehitsauksen 1. kovahitsauksen avulla. Yleensä käytetään kovapinnoitteena nikkeli- tai kobolttipohjaisi a metalliseoksia. Molemmat materiaalit sisältävät kalliita, ns. strategisia metalleja seosaineina, varsinkin kulumiskestävyydeltään erinomainen stel-20 liitti. Näiden metallien saatavuus on viime vuosina huonontunut ja hinta sen mukana noussut erittäin korkeaksi.15 Traditionally, in the most demanding conditions for machine parts, sufficient durability and service life are obtained by surface welding 1. brazing. Nickel or cobalt based alloys are generally used as the hard coating. Both materials contain expensive, so-called. strategic metals as alloys, especially stel-20 with excellent wear resistance. The availability of these metals has deteriorated in recent years and the price has risen to a very high level.
Päällehitsauksen, kuten muidenkin menetelmien, joissa perusainetta sulatetaan, etuina on pinnoitteen hyvä kiinnipysyvyys perusaineessa. Millään ruiskutusmenetelmillä ei saada tyydyttävää kiinnipysyvyyttä mekaanisesti 25 kuluttaviin olosuhteisiin. Tuotaessa sula pinnoite 1. lisäaine sulaan perusaineeseen päällehitsauksessa sekoittuvat nämä keskenään. Tällöin huononevat kovapinnoitteiden ominaisuudet laimenemisen johdosta, eikä kerroksen koostumusta ja siis sen ominaisuuksia voida säilyttää eikä hallita riittävästi. Seostumista perusaineeseen pienennetään lisäämällä 30 pinnoitekerrosten lukumäärää, mutta näin kustannukset kasvavat ja valmis-tusaika pitenee.The advantages of overlay welding, as well as other methods in which the base material is melted, are the good adhesion of the coating to the base material. None of the injection methods provide satisfactory adhesion to mechanically abrasive conditions. When introducing the molten coating 1. the additive into the molten base material in the overlay welding mixes these with each other. In this case, the properties of the hard coatings deteriorate due to dilution, and the composition of the layer and thus its properties cannot be preserved or adequately controlled. The incorporation into the base material is reduced by increasing the number of coating layers, but this increases the cost and the preparation time.
2 681 81 Käyttöolosuhteiden asettamien vaatimusten jatkuvasti kasvaessa koneenelimille on ratkaisua kestävyysongelmiin etsitty yleensä kovapinnoitteen entistä tarkemmasta seostamisesta. Tämä ratkaisutapa ei kuitenkaan toimi teollisissa valmistusmenetelmissä olevien, edellä mainittujen puutteiden 5 takia.2 681 81 As the requirements of the operating conditions continue to increase, a solution to the durability problems of machine parts has usually been sought by more precise compounding of the hard coating. However, this solution does not work due to the above-mentioned drawbacks in industrial manufacturing methods 5.
Tämän keksinnön mukainen pinnoite valmistetaan kuten perinteinen kovapinnoi te tuomalla sulatettuun perusaineeseen lisäainetta, jauhemaista piitä, mutta pinnoitteen syntymekanismi on täysin uusi ja poikkeava käytössä oleviin pinnoitusmenetelmiin verrattuna. Lisäaineen tarkoitus on jalostaa 10 perusainetta, eikä muodostaa erillistä lisäaineen mukaista pintakerrosta.The coating of the present invention is prepared like a conventional hard coating by introducing an additive, powdered silicon, into the molten base material, but the mechanism of formation of the coating is completely new and different from the coating methods in use. The purpose of the additive is to refine the 10 basic ingredients and not to form a separate surface layer according to the additive.
Seostamalla näin esimerkiksi ruostumattoman teräksen pintakerrosta saadaan aikaan pinnoite, joka pysyy pohjamateriaalissa kiinni kuten hitsi. Sillä on runsaasti käyttöä prosessi- ja kemianteollisuuden liikkuvissa koneenelimissä kuten turbiineissa, polttomoottoreissa, pumpuissa ja vent-15 tilleissä. Käyttöä löytyy kaikkialla missä tarvitaan kulumis- ja korroosionkestävyyttä hankaavissa olosuhteissa ja/tai korkeissa lämpötiloissa.By doping in this way, for example, the surface layer of stainless steel, a coating is obtained which adheres to the base material like a weld. It has a wide range of applications in mobile machinery parts for the process and chemical industries such as turbines, internal combustion engines, pumps and vent-15 tiles. It can be used wherever wear and corrosion resistance is required in abrasive conditions and / or high temperatures.
Keksinnön mukaiselle pinnoitteelle on tunnusomaista se, mikä on esitetty patenttivatimuksen 1 tunnusmerkki osassa.The coating according to the invention is characterized by what is set forth in the characterizing part of claim 1.
Piillä seostettu pinnoite valmistetaan tavanomaisten hitsauslaitteiden 20 avulla 1änuiiitämällä ja sulattamalla perusaine plasmakaasulla tai MIG-valokaarella tai lasersäteellä. Nämä ovat sopivimmat menetelmät, sillä niillä hitsattaessa on sulan paksuus ja leveys helposti hallittavissa. Jauhemainen pii tuodaan sulaan jauheensyöttölaitteella tai esim. MIG-hitsauksessa ydintäytelangassa, jonka vaippa on sopivimmin perusaineen 25 mukaista terästä. Pinnoitteen piipitoisuus, joka saadaan halutuksi jauheen tai ydintäytelangan syöttönopeutta ja perusaineen sulatuksen määrää säätämällä, vaihtelee välillä 1-20 painoprosenttia. Piipitoisuutta muuttamalla voidaan pinnoitteen kovuutta säätää portaattomasti välillä 300-1200 HV. Tällöin pinnoite pysyy vielä työstön ja käytön kannalta 30 riittävän sitkeänä. Länmöntuonti tämän keksinnön mukaisella menetelmällä ei aiheuta haittaavia muodonmuutoksia eikä lämmöntuonti pinnoitteeseen ole kriittistä kuten tavanomaisissa kovapinnoitteissa.The silicon doped coating is prepared by conventional welding equipment 20 by annealing and fusing the base material with plasma gas or an MIG arc or laser beam. These are the most suitable methods, as they make the thickness and width of the melt easily controllable when welding. The powdered silicon is introduced into the melt by means of a powder feeder or, for example, in MIG welding in a core filler wire, the sheath of which is preferably made of steel according to the base material 25. The silicon content of the coating, which is obtained by adjusting the feed rate of the powder or core filler wire and the amount of melting of the base material, varies between 1 and 20% by weight. By changing the silicon content, the hardness of the coating can be infinitely adjusted between 300-1200 HV. In this case, the coating still remains sufficiently tough for machining and use. The heat input by the method of this invention does not cause detrimental deformations and the heat input to the coating is not critical as in conventional hard coatings.
681 81 3681 81 3
Jauhemaisella piillä jalostetun pinnoitteen paksuus teräksissä on tyypillisimmillään 0,1-10 mm. Tällaisen pinnoitteen mikrorakenne on binääristä seosta muistuttava tasarakeinen jähmeä liuos, joka rakenne on stabiili pitkäaikaisessakin pidossa korkeassa yli 1000°C lämpötilassa.The thickness of the coating processed in powdered silicon in steels is most typically 0.1-10 mm. The microstructure of such a coating is a uniform granular solid solution resembling a binary mixture, which structure is stable even after long-term holding at high temperatures above 1000 ° C.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI831489A FI68181C (en) | 1983-05-02 | 1983-05-02 | SLITHAOLLFAST BELAEGGNING |
SE8405329A SE452963B (en) | 1983-05-02 | 1984-10-25 | Wear-resistant surface prodn. on steel machine parts |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI831489 | 1983-05-02 | ||
FI831489A FI68181C (en) | 1983-05-02 | 1983-05-02 | SLITHAOLLFAST BELAEGGNING |
Publications (4)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FI831489A0 FI831489A0 (en) | 1983-05-02 |
FI831489L FI831489L (en) | 1984-11-03 |
FI68181B true FI68181B (en) | 1985-04-30 |
FI68181C FI68181C (en) | 1985-08-12 |
Family
ID=8517131
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FI831489A FI68181C (en) | 1983-05-02 | 1983-05-02 | SLITHAOLLFAST BELAEGGNING |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
FI (1) | FI68181C (en) |
SE (1) | SE452963B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE9303245L (en) * | 1993-10-05 | 1995-04-06 | Johan Lennart Olofsson | Procedure for improving certain properties of railway wheels |
-
1983
- 1983-05-02 FI FI831489A patent/FI68181C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1984
- 1984-10-25 SE SE8405329A patent/SE452963B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI831489L (en) | 1984-11-03 |
SE8405329D0 (en) | 1984-10-25 |
FI68181C (en) | 1985-08-12 |
SE8405329L (en) | 1986-04-26 |
FI831489A0 (en) | 1983-05-02 |
SE452963B (en) | 1988-01-04 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MM | Patent lapsed |
Owner name: NELES-JAMESBURY AG |