SE435356B - PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING A PREPARATION AND RELIEF-MASTERED PLASTIC MATERIAL - Google Patents

Description

790220647, therefore, the stencil printing method was used for this material. This, on the other hand, allows not as fine details and as good shading of the colors as the engraving printing method and, if used for the desired color pattern, gives hard. in nuanced pattern effects.

In order to be able to produce a perfect color and relief patterned product, it is thus desirable to use both engraving and stencil printing on the same product. However, this entails great difficulties due to the fact that the fermentable plastic sol must first be applied in the formation which is to form the relief pattern, after which the color pattern is applied by means of gravure printing. The engraving print must thus be applied according to the stencil print, and it has thereby been found that great difficulties arise in obtaining a pattern matching of the engraving print to the previous one. being the chalon print, which is to form the relief pattern. This is because the engraving pressure requires large installation pressures and certain climatic changes can occur in the material at the same time as a change in the positions of the pressure rollers to achieve a fit becomes extremely difficult and takes a long time due to the high pressure. These difficulties have previously been solved in part by simply accepting the more nuanced patterns obtained by stencil printing and using this method for color patterning as well. In the case of stencil printing, as mentioned, the pressure between the roller and the material is very low or even non-existent in that the only contact between the substrate and the printing medium is a color film or a plastisol layer. The pressure rollers can therefore be easily slid in to a full pattern fit and can be adjusted at all times during printing. Another applied method is that instead of applying the fermentable plastisol in the intended relief pattern formation, an even layer is applied, which is caused to form a relief pattern in that the subsequently applied ink contains fermentation-affecting substances, which affect the material thickness.

Thus, in the same printing cycle, preferably an engraving printing procedure, one can obtain both the color and the relief pattern. However, this gives a material with different hardness and with a large plastic consumption due to the fact that the plastic's fermentation properties are only partially utilized in the lower parts of the pattern relief.

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for color and relief patterning of a plastic material, in which method engraving printing can be used for the color patterning and stencil printing for applying the fermentable plastic composition in a relief pattern formation, the said patterning difficulties being through the invention. .

Another object is to enable a division of the various steps in the process with respect to time and place, so that, for example, the two printing processes can be carried out at one time and in one place, while the material can be carried out at a later time and if desired at another 7902206-7 location. This means the advantages that a less bulky patterning material can be produced at a time which is suitable from a coating point of view, while production of the more bulky finished material can take place as the need arises. It is also possible to use a printing equipment at a place for the production of the pattern material, after which this can be used for the manufacture of the finished material at one or more places. These latter so-called logistical advantages have proved to be of great value in exchanges between different countries.

The object of the invention is achieved by carrying out the process with the features stated in claim 1.

The accompanying drawings show an embodiment of the invention, in which Fig. 1 schematically shows the successive construction of the material during the manufacturing process; Fig. 2 shows a piece of the material in cut form, so that its different layers appear; Fig. 3 shows a first machine for carrying out a first part of the method; and Fig. 4 shows a second machine for completing the process.

The material 1 shown in Fig. 2 consists of a carrier 2 of non-woven fabric, suitably of glass fiber. However, this carrier is not necessary and is generally excluded in the case of lighter products such as wall covering materials, while it usually occurs in products such as floor covering materials. The carrier 2 carries on its surface a layer of foam plastic 3. For example, a PVC plastic can be used. On the foam-plastic layer 3 there are relief pattern formations 4, preferably of the same plastic material as the foam-plastic layer 3.

The layer 3 and the pattern formations 4 thus together form a relief-patterned surface, of which only a small section is shown in Fig. 2. This relief-patterned surface, which is denoted by 5 in Fig. 2, is color-patterned with pattern elements, preferably both pattern elements 6, which are placed on the relief pattern formations 4 and such pattern elements 7, which are placed on the free surface of the plastic layer 3.

The relief window can have a more or less complicated appearance and can have more than the two levels shown in Fig. 2. This is achieved by there being pattern formations such as the formation 4, which have mutually different heights.

It is common to have at least three different relief pattern levels. The color pattern is in relation to the relief pattern, which means that the color pattern elements 6, 7 occupy certain positions in relation to the relief pattern formations.

Color patterns can then have a more or less complicated design with a number of different colors, pattern figures, shades and breaks and more. The relief pattern formations can also participate in the color pattern series in such a way that they can be made of materials with different colors and of materials with a color that differs from the substrate, whereby they can cooperate with the engraving-printed color pattern. 7902206-7 On the surface provided by the layers 3 and 4 and with the color pattern strip 6, 7 a transparent wear layer is applied, hereinafter referred to as the top layer 8. This top layer prevents abrasion of the underlying foam plastic and prevents abrasion of the color pattern strip. In the case of less exposed materials such as wall materials, the top layer can be omitted, while it would be necessary for floor materials.

Fig. 1 shows schematically how the various elements, of which the material consists, are gradually added. When producing the pattern, this is done by first producing a patterning material 9. It is based on a so-called release; paper 10. On this is first printed by means of an engraving printing method in mirror »inverted shape the color pattern elements 6 and 7. Then in element fit on the elements 6 and 7 elements 11 of a fermentable plastisol, which are to form the relief pattern formations 4, are printed. 6, 7 and 11 with significant thickness.

However, this is for clarification purposes only. In practice, the pattern elements 6, 7 have only a thickness of a few μm and the elements 11 in their unfermented state have a thickness of only a few tenths of a mm.

Separately from the production of the pattern material 9, the carrier 2 is coated with a layer 12 of a fermentable plastic composition, which is gelled. After the carrier with the layer 12 has been completed, the process can be continued, if desired, by bringing the pattern material 9 under pressure and heat into contact with the layer 12. Due to the special treatment of the release paper, it is usually silicone impregnated, and the adhesive force of the layer 12 will the elements 6, 7 and 11 are then transferred to the "layer 12. After the separation. of the now exposed release paper 10, a color-patterned and preliminary relief-patterned blank is obtained. A layer of a transparent plastic composition is applied to this, which thus forms the transparent top layer. 8. This stage is shown slightly to the right of the point of contact 'between the release paper 10 and the layer 12, while at the far right in Fig. 1 it is shown how the material blank forms its final shape after heating, in which the layer 12 has fermented and formed the foam layer 3 while the elements 11 yeast and formed the relief pattern formations 4_ at the intended relief height. 6, 7, which in turn are covered by the transparent top layer 8.

Characteristic of the method is thus that the pattern-forming elements are not applied directly to the substrate but to a special substrate, from which the pattern elements are transferred to their final substrate. This means that. the layer "on the particular substrate, the release paper 10, which is to form pattern elementsx on the final substrate, shall have the side outwardly after application of the old paper, which is to be brought into contact and attached to the final substrate .. while the side which The pattern elements shall be applied inwards to the release paper, thus applying to the release paper in reverse order to if they had been applied directly to the final substrate.

As a result, the color pattern elements will be the first to be applied while the relief pattern elements will be applied in a subsequent printing procedure. It is thus gained that the engraving print can be performed without any pattern fitting to a previous pattern having to take place. If the engraving print is made in several colors, which is usual, several rounds of printing of the engraving print must be carried out, between which a fit must be maintained. However, the difficulties are relatively small in maintaining the pattern fit between the different printing cycles of the engraving print because these can take place in the same printing plant with successive rollers of the same kind. This fitting is further facilitated by applying the pressure to a material as relatively inelastic as the release paper. You thus gain the double advantages of the fact that the engraving pressure does not have to be performed with a fit to any previous pressure and that you get a better adapted pressure coefficient for the gravure pressure than what the plastic material constitutes when printed directly on it according to conventional methods. The most important thing, however, is that you have been freed from the need to match the engraving print to a previously applied pattern.

The machine shown in Fig. 3 is intended for printing the release paper.

The machine has a shaft 13 for a roll 14 of the release paper 10. The release paper web emanating from the roll 14 is guided over a breaker roll 16 and through an engraving printing unit 15, which is shown in Fig. 3 with three pressure rollers. It is thus made for printing in three colors. Via further breaking rollers 16, the now printed release paper is passed past a control device 17 and to a printing plant 18 for stencil printing. In this, only one pressure roller has been shown, but even here several pressure rollers can occur if several levels in the relief are desired. After being passed over further breaking rollers 16, the release paper web is passed through a heating device 2] and rolled up on a shaft 20 to a roll 23, which thus contains the finished sampling material.

In the machine shown in Fig. 4, the sampling material must be combined with its final substrate. This consists, as shown in Fig. 1, of a carrier 2 with a yellowed plastic layer 12. This material, which is hereinafter referred to as the material blank. 22 is moved from a roller 24, which is rotatably mounted on a shaft 25. It is thus assumed that the material has been produced previously before it reaches the machine in Fig. 4.

The production then takes place by the plastic layer 12 being shaved out on the substrate formed by the carrier 2. Then a pre-gelation takes place in a heating oven. These production steps. can, however, unlike what is shown in tig. In the machine shown, the roller 24 thus contains the carrier, which passes through a doctor blade and a pre-gelling oven. From another roller 26 on a shaft 27 in the machine the sampling material is passed, thus the same material as in the ianzzotev machine according to Fig. 3 collected in the roller 23. Via breaker rollers 28 and 29 the two materials are moved together and around a heated drum 30, which can rotate around a shaft 31. The printed release paper 10 from the roll 26 is then brought with its printed side into contact with the layer 12 on the material blank 22. After passing. a part of the 3D circumference of the drum separates the two material webs from each other at a breaking roller 32. The release paper 10 is then conveyed to a collecting roller 33 on a shaft 34.

The second web of material is passed via a further breaking roller 35 through, a doctor blade 36 for applying the transparent plastic composition, which is to form the top layer 8, when the material blank 22 has received the pattern elements from the release paper. 1 (1 at the passage of the heated drum 30 and then provided with the plastic composition for the topsheet, it is now complete. The complete material blank then passes through an oven 37. In this the plastic layer 12 and the relief pattern elements 11) are fermented. see Fig. 1) so that the final thickness of these portions is obtained.

In connection with this, gelation of all plastic layers takes place and after having cooled, the product is ready for winding on to a roller 38, which can rotate about an axis 39.

In the machine according to Fig. 3, printing thus takes place by means of the printing unit 15 in a gravure printing procedure on the release paper 10. This printing layer will thus be closest to the release paper. On top of this pressure, the fermentable plastisol is then applied by means of the stencil printing process in the printing plant 18.

Due to its low or non-existent contact pressure against the paper web, the stencil printing roller or rollers can easily slip in to a complete pattern fit. In this case, an automatic method can be used if a control device such as the control device 17 is arranged to detect by means of one or more photocells fit markings on the material, which have been applied in the gravure printing method. With the aid of indications from the control device 17, the stencil pressure rollers can then be guided into the correct fitting positions. The finished pattern material in the roll 23 has a relatively small thickness and can be stored and also sent for further processing in machines such as that shown in Fig. 4 elsewhere. You can then, for example, perform the precision-demanding printing procedure in one place, while you can use simpler completion equipment in another place or in several other places.

In the machine according to Fig. 4, as mentioned, the pattern elements are transferred to the substrate which is to support them. namely, mnun-izllšixnnvl 232. Thin alu-r gw- through pressure and heat, which causes that. the plastic elements attach to the plastic layer 12 while simultaneously releasing from the silicone-impregnated release paper.

Thus, the color pattern applied to the gravure printing unit 7902206-7 15 and below the latent relief pattern elements 11 is obtained. These latter increase their thickness when heated in the furnace 31 and form the final relief formations 4.

In the foregoing, it has been assumed that only the engraving printing method was used as the color printing method. This is also very suitable in the present context. However, this does not prevent other printing methods from being applicable, for example high pressure, in which the color-bearing portions, in contrast to the engraving print, are raised. Even with this printing procedure, there are difficulties in changing the position between the printing base and the printing roller, whereby the same fitting difficulties as mentioned in connection with the gravure printing procedure occur. The present method is thus applicable and can prove advantageous even in printing methods other than the gravure printing method, which show difficulties in obtaining a fit against one. previous pattern, such as when, according to the described conventional method, relief-forming pattern elements are first applied before printing with a color pattern.

In the production of the pattern material, it is essential in the method according to the invention that the color pattern can be applied first and then to the relief-bearing pattern portions. It has then been assumed that these latter portions are formed only by stencil printing of a plastic composition. However, it has been mentioned that even more relief levels than two can be formed. This can be done by applying several types of plastic compositions with different fermentation properties in turn with standard pressure rollers. Different pattern levels can also be obtained by applying the fermentable plastic layers with different original thicknesses.

This can be achieved by different viscosities of the plastic composition. A reverse method can also be applied, so that the printing takes place with a non-fermentable plastic composition, after which an application of a fermentable plastic composition takes place. after an intermediate gelation. In this case, the raised, non-fermentable parts form a support for the squeegee during the subsequent application, so that the fermentable plastic composition will essentially only be present between the elements of the non-fermentable plastic composition. Even in this case, limited portions with a fermentable plastic composition are thus obtained, which then form the relief when heated. At several levels, several non-fermentable plastic compositions of different thicknesses can be applied. As a result, the fermentable, stripped plastic composition will reach full thickness where no elements of non-fermentable plastic composition are present at all while a limited thickness is obtained (elements of non-fermentable plastic composition having an intermediate thickness are present. the tiers of the non-fermentable plastic composition then form the support for rakehi and here there is essentially no fermentable plastic composition after the squeegee application.

In this way, one can form different layer thicknesses of the jšísbziru plastic corrosion position and thus a pattern relief in several different levels. Even in cases where the application by means of the stencil printing process takes place with a fermentable plastic composition, as originally mentioned, a later application of a later layer can take place.

This is done with a non-fermentable plastic composition and has the purpose of leveling the layer on the sandpaper, which facilitates winding and the later transfer to the final substrate. It is also conceivable that the layer 12 can be laid on top of the pattern elements and joined directly to a substrate such as a carrier. Thus, all plastic layers are except the top layer of the release paper.

However, this gives a greater thickness to the patterning material, which is generally considered unfavorable.

The pattern material can thus be made in different ways. The important thing, however, is that it carries a layer forming the color pattern next to the release paper and on the outside of this limited pattern element a fermentable plastic. According to variants of the method, these latter pattern elements can thus be arranged in a direct or reverse printing method according to the stencil printing method and also be supplemented with additional plastic layers without the invention therefore being departed from.

Claims (11)

7902206-7 PATENT REQUIREMENTS A method for producing a color and relief patterned plastic material, in which method on a substrate (2, 12), preferably comprising a layer (12) of a fermentable plastic composition, formations (11) of a fermentable plastic composition are arranged, wherein a color pattern (6, 7) is applied to the surface formed by the surface (12) of the substrate and the formations arranged thereon, so that upon fermentation of the plastic material the formations (4) of plastic material together with the surface of the substrate form a relief pattern (5 ), on the surface of which the color pattern (6, 7) is arranged in relation to the relief pattern, is characterized by the following successive steps: application to a special substrate, which is not to be included in the finished plastic material, for example a release-treated paper (10 ), of a color pattern (6, 7) by means of a first printing method, preferably engraving printing or a corresponding method with high pressing pressure between the printing medium and the printing substrate; applied to the particular substrate (10) and on top of the color pattern (6, 7) of the formations (11) of the fermentable plastic composition in a non-fermented state by using a stencil printing method; transferring the color and relief pattern elements (6, 7, 11) applied to the particular substrate (10) to said substrate (2, 12), which are to be included in the plastic material by pressing the side of the particular substrate (10) on which the pattern elements are located against the pre-prepared substrate, which in this case preferably has said plastic sign (12), on which the pattern elements are to be applied; exposing the special substrate (10) and the substrate (2, 12) in contact therewith to be included in the plastic material, for such treatment, preferably heating, that the pattern elements adhere to the substrate and are released from the particular substrate so that the substrate. which is to be included in the plastic material, will support the color pattern (6, 7) closest to its surface and below it the formations (11) of the plastic composition; preferably coating the pattern-bearing material with a transparent plastic composition (8); and heating the material so that the fermentable plastic composition or compositions (11, 12) expand, the expanders (4) of the plastic composition forming the raised relief pattern (5) and the constituent plastic materials being gelled and the final product formed. 7902206-7 Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the formations (II) of the fermentable plastic composition, which is to form the relief pattern (5), are pressed directly by application by means of a stencil (18) according to the stencil printing method. 3. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that the formations (11) are applied in the form of partial surfaces with mutually different layer thicknesses of the fermentable plastic composition, so that the relief pattern thereby has several levels. 4. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that the formations (II) are applied in the form of partial surfaces with mutually different fermentation ability of the plastic composition, so that several levels of the relief pattern are formed. 5. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the formations (11) of the fermentable plastic composition are applied in such a way that the special substrate (10) is provided by means of the stencil printing method with formations of a first plastic composition, after which it is applied by means of a doctor blade. a second plastic composition in the spaces between the formations of the first plastic compound. wherein the two plastic compositions show different fermentation ability. 6. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the first plastic composition substantially lacks fermentability while the second plastic composition exhibits fermentability. IN A method according to claim 5, characterized in that. the first plastic composition exhibits fermentation ability while the second plastic composition essentially lacks fermentation ability. 8. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that formations of an additional plastic composition of smaller thickness than the first plastic composition are applied to the substrate by means of the stencil printing method, so that the second plastic composition applied with doctor blades will have a maximum thickness where the particular substrate (10) does not have any formations of either the first plastic composition or the additional plastic composition and a second thickness in those portions where the particular substrate has the additional plastic composition having a smaller layer thickness than the first plastic composition. 9. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the first and the additional plastic composition substantially lacks fermentation ability while the second plastic composition exhibits fermentation ability. 10. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the first and the further plastic composition exhibit fermentation ability while the second plastic composition substantially lacks fermentability. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the layer (12) of the substrate is preferably applied to the special substrate (10) by a fermentable plastic compound after the color and relief pattern elements (6, 7) have been applied. , 11) and, where applicable, after additional plastic compositions have been applied and transferred to the substrate 1 'other (2) in connection with the transfer of the color and relief pattern elements.