SE428159B

SE428159B - BODY OR RODFORMED HEAVY EXCHANGE ORGANIZATION AND PROCEDURE FOR PREPARATION

Info

Publication number: SE428159B
Application number: SE7809555A
Authority: SE
Inventors: Sten Amundin
Original assignee: Sten Amundin
Priority date: 1978-09-12
Filing date: 1978-09-12
Publication date: 1983-06-06
Also published as: NL7906605A; NO792944L; FR2436353B3; FR2436353A1; DK378079A; NO145854B; DE2936714A1; GB2037417A; NO145854C; SE7809555L

Description

7309555-1 de ytförstorande elementen och dessa ändå bibehåller sin maxi- mala värmeöverföringsarea, och där de ytförstorande elementen kan fästas vid själva värmeväxlarkroppen genom en billig ar- betsoperation, nämligen kallkrympning. 7309555-1 the surface enlarging elements and these still retain their maximum heat transfer area, and where the surface enlarging elements can be attached to the heat exchanger body itself by a cheap working operation, namely cold shrinkage.

Ett värmeväxlarorgan enligt uppfinningen uppvisar således högre effekt och samtidigt kan lättare framställas.A heat exchanger means according to the invention thus has a higher power and at the same time can be manufactured more easily.

Uppgiften löses på det sätt som framgår av närslutna pa-- tentkrav.The task is solved in the way that appears from closely related patent requirements.

Uppfinningen kommer nu att förklaras närmare med ledning av närslutna ritningar, vilka avser utföringsexempel och där i fig. 1 visas ett ytförstoringselement enligt uppfinningen i frontvy och i fig. 2 i tvärsnitt utmed planet II-II i fig. 1, fig. 3 är ett tvärsnitt utmed planet III-III i fig. l, i fig. 4 visas en krympring i frontvy och fig. 5 i tvärsnitt utmed planet V-V i fig. 4, fig. 6 är ett tvärsnitt genom ett värme- växlarorgan enligt uppfinningen i två olika framställnings- stadier, i fig. 7 visas i större skala området inom cirkeln B i fig. 6 hos ett alternativt utförande, och fig. 8 är ett tvärsnitt genom ett värmeväxlarorgan enligt uppfinningen med ett ytförstorande element på innersidan.The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to close-up drawings, which relate to exemplary embodiments and in which Fig. 1 shows a surface enlargement element according to the invention in front view and in Fig. 2 in cross section along the plane II-II in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a cross-section along the plane III-III in Fig. 1, in Fig. 4 a shrink ring is shown in front view and Fig. 5 in cross-section along the plane VV in Fig. 4, Fig. 6 is a cross-section through a heat exchanger means according to the invention in two different manufacturing stages, Fig. 7 shows on a larger scale the area within the circle B in Fig. 6 of an alternative embodiment, and Fig. 8 is a cross-section through a heat exchanger means according to the invention with a surface enlarging element on the inside.

Enligt fig. l - 3 uppvisar ett diskformigt ytförstorande ele- ment 10 ett antal (åtta i exemplet) första radiellt begränsade sektorer ll utstrålande från ett centralt navparti 13, vilka bil- dar ett system av vinkelrätt mot värmeväxlarorganets längdaxel- linje A-A (fig. 6) förlöpande flikar. I navpartiet 13 är en öpp- ning l4 anordnad för elementets påträdande på ett värmeväxlar- organ 20 (fig. 6). öppningen 14 omges av en monteringskrage l5 som är fast ansluten till elementet eller disken 10. Sektorerna ll_ligger i planet för ritningen fig. l (plan E-E i fig. 2 och 8) och till deras ena begränsningsradie l6a ansluter sig upp- vikta andra sektorer ll så att fria utrymmen 17 åstadkommas mellan två och två första sektorer ll. De andra sektorerna 12 har lämpligen âstadkommits på så sätt, att genomgående per- foreringar har stansats ut utmed de första sektorernas andra begränsningsradier l6b och böjningsanvisningslinjer utmed de förstnämnda begränsningsradíerna löayvarefter de andra sektorer- na 12 har vikits i önskad vinkelCí . Denna vinkelcg mellan de 7809555-1 första och de andra sektorerna kan ha godtyckliga värden mellan "något större än Oo" och “något mindre än l80°". Den nedre grän- sen beror pâ hur stort fritt ytrymme 17 önskas minimalt att er- hållas. Den övre gränsen beror på erkännandet att de andra sekto- rerna 12 inte är verkningslösa även vid värden för vinkeln Of över 900. De andra sektorerna 12 bildar ett system av flikar vilka med vinkeln(X är snedställda mot det mot längdaxellín- jen A-A vinkelrätta planet för de första sektorerna ll.According to Figs. 1-3, a disk-shaped surface enlarging element 10 has a number (eight in the example) of first radially limited sectors 11 radiating from a central hub portion 13, which form a system of perpendicular to the longitudinal axis line AA of the heat exchanger means (Figs. 6) continuous tabs. In the hub portion 13, an opening 14 is provided for the element to act on a heat exchanger member 20 (Fig. 6). the opening 14 is surrounded by a mounting collar 15 which is fixedly connected to the element or the disk 10. The sectors 111 lie in the plane of the drawing Fig. 1 (plane EE in Figs. 2 and 8) and to their one boundary radius 16a are folded up other sectors 11 so that free spaces 17 are created between two and two first sectors 11. The second sectors 12 have conveniently been provided in such a way that continuous perforations have been punched out along the first limiting radii 16b of the first sectors and bending guide lines along the first-mentioned limiting radii have been folded, after which the second sectors 12 have been folded at the desired angle. This angle between the first and second sectors may have arbitrary values between "slightly greater than 0 °" and "slightly less than 180 °". The lower limit depends on how much free surface space 17 is desired to be obtained. The upper limit is due to the recognition that the other sectors 12 are not ineffective even at values of the angle Of over 900. The other sectors 12 form a system of tabs which with the angle (X are inclined towards that perpendicular to the longitudinal axis AA the plane of the first sectors ll.

Alternativt, och med fördel, kan 1 en enda operation de genom- gående perforeringar stansas ut och de andra sektorerna vikas ut, alltså utan uppdelning i de tre ovan nämnda förfarandestegen: utstansning, instansning av böjningsanvisningslinjerna, utvik- ning.Alternatively, and with advantage, in a single operation the continuous perforations can be punched out and the other sectors unfolded, ie without division into the three above-mentioned procedure steps: punching, punching of the bending instructions lines, development.

Den för värmeutväxlingen avgörande totala ytan har således ingalunda minskats,men ett strömmande medium kan ändå passera genom de fria utrymmen 17, varvid en turbulent rörelse uppstår i mediet framför och bakom de uppvikta andra sektorerna 12, vilket resulterar i att inte enbart större hastighet erhålles hos mediet förbi ytförstoringselementet, utan även att detta -elements ytor automatiskt spolas rent. Värmeväxlarorganet be- höver därför ej tagas isär för rengöring. Denna omständighet, tillsammans med möjligheten för mediet att strömma igenom ele- mentet_inuti dess yttre periferi,är av särskild vikt dels när ett ytterhölje 24 (fig.6) önskas anordna kring värmeväxlarorga- net, dels vid anordningen av ytförstorande element inuti ett rörformigt värmeväxlarorgan, som det kommer att förklaras när- mare i samband med fig. 8.The total surface area decisive for the heat exchange has thus by no means been reduced, but a flowing medium can still pass through the free spaces 17, whereby a turbulent movement occurs in the medium in front of and behind the folded-up other sectors 12, which results in not only greater velocity being obtained. the medium past the surface enlargement element, but also that the surfaces of this element are automatically flushed clean. The heat exchanger body therefore does not need to be disassembled for cleaning. This circumstance, together with the possibility of the medium flowing through the element inside its outer periphery, is of particular importance partly when an outer casing 24 (Fig. 6) is desired to be arranged around the heat exchanger means, and partly in the arrangement of surface enlarging elements inside a tubular heat exchanger means. as will be explained in more detail in connection with Fig. 8.

-För fästande.av de enskilda elementen på ett värmeväxlarorgans utsida används med fördel separata låsringar 21 enligt fi9~ 4 och 5. Deras inre radie ømin svarar mot värmeväxlarorganets yttre diameter 2 (fig. 6) plus den dubbla väggtjockleken E (fig. 2) hos monteringskragen minus ett visst avdrag, t.ex. 0,1 mm vid E i storleksordningen på ungefär 15 mm (alltså ett avdrag på ungefär 0,5-0,8% av 2). Detta medger en krympning med toleransen h ll.For fastening the individual elements on the outside of a heat exchanger member, separate locking rings 21 according to Figs. 4, 4 and 5 are advantageously used. at the mounting collar minus a certain deduction, e.g. 0.1 mm at E in the order of about 15 mm (ie a deduction of about 0.5-0.8% of 2). This allows a shrinkage with the tolerance h ll.

Vid sin vid påträdningen främre kant är låsringen 21 försedd 7809555-1 4 med en inre avfasning 2lb för lättare påpressning på monterings- kragen. Avfasningen utsträcker sig från nämnda ﬂmin till en diameter ømax svarande mot värmeväxlarens ytterdiameter D + den dubbla väggtjockleken E + ett visst påslag, t.ex. 0.5 mm vid D i storleksordningen 15 mm (alltså ett påslag med ungefär 2 - 5% av D).At its front edge when fitting, the locking ring 21 is provided with an inner bevel 2lb for easier pressing on the mounting collar. The chamfer extends from said ﬂ min to a diameter ømax corresponding to the outer diameter D + of the heat exchanger the double wall thickness E + a certain surcharge, e.g. 0.5 mm at D in the order of 15 mm (ie a surcharge of approximately 2 - 5% of D).

Vid montering på ett värmeväxlarorgan 20 t.ex. i stavform enligt fig.5 trädes enligt ritningens högre del omväxlande ett disk- formigt ytförstorande element 10 och en krympring 21 på vär- meväxlarorganet. När-yärmeväxlarorganet har fyllts, pressas paketet samman'i pilens É riktning, t.ex. av ett trycklufts- drivet verktyg 30. Alternativt, och med fördel, utförs hoppress- ningen varje gång ett diskelement och en krympring har påträtts, ~ varefter det nästa paret (diskelement plus lâsring) träds på och 'hoppressas osv. Härvid glider låsringarna 21 med sina avfasningar 2lb upp på monteringskragarna 15 och pressar dem mot värmeväxlar- organet 20 så att god värmekontakt uppnås.When mounting on a heat exchanger means 20 e.g. in rod form according to Fig. 5, according to the higher part of the drawing, a disc-shaped surface-enlarging element 10 and a shrink ring 21 are stepped on the heat exchanger member. When the heat exchanger means has been filled, the package is compressed in the direction of the arrow E, e.g. by a pneumatic tool 30. Alternatively, and advantageously, the compression is performed each time a disk element and a shrink ring have been applied, ~ after which the next pair (disk element plus locking ring) is stepped on and 'compressed, etc. In this case, the locking rings 21 with their chamfers 21b slide up on the mounting collars 15 and press them against the heat exchanger member 20 so that good heat contact is achieved.

Krympringarna 21 görs med fördel så, att deras bredd 2la (fig. 5) motsvarar det inbördes avstånd C (fig. 6) som i det färdiga vär- meväxlarorganet önskas mellan de enskilda diskarna. Monterings- kragarnas bredd görs då lämpligen något mindre än 2lb. Alterna- tivt kan nämnda inbördes avstånd bestämmas av monteringsringarna eller av särskilda distansorgan.The shrink rings 21 are advantageously made so that their width 21a (Fig. 5) corresponds to the mutual distance C (Fig. 6) which is desired in the finished heat exchanger means between the individual disks. The width of the mounting collars is then suitably made slightly less than 2lb. Alternatively, the said mutual distance can be determined by the mounting rings or by special spacers.

Krympringarna 21 tillverkas med fördel av samma material, eller åtminstone av material med samma eller näraliggande värmeutvidg- ningskoefficient, som värmeväxlarorganet 20, varigenom lossning på grund av värmeutvidgning förhindras. Det färdiga värmeväxlar- I organet kan förses med ett yttre hölje-24 (fig. 6) omslutande de diskformiga ytförstorande elementen.The shrink rings 21 are advantageously made of the same material, or at least of material with the same or close coefficient of thermal expansion, as the heat exchanger means 20, whereby loosening due to thermal expansion is prevented. The finished heat exchanger-I means can be provided with an outer casing-24 (Fig. 6) enclosing the disk-shaped surface-enlarging elements.

I fig. 7 visas ett alternativt utförande där de separata krymp- ringarna har ersatts av krympspårl9 hos själva det ytförstorande elementet l0. Monteringskragen 18 uppvisar två delar, av vilka ,delen l8a fyller funktionen av själva monteringskragen, och de- len l8b fyller funktionen av krympringen. Märke bör läggas till att delen l8b i själva verket är förstyvad genom det anslutande navpartiet 13, och dessutom kan dess väggtjocklek eventuellt göras större än hos delen l8a. Kanten l8c kan uppvisa samma av- 7809555-1 fasning som ovan beskriven och en avfasning i motsatt riktning kan också vara anordnad vid kanten l8d. Monteringskragens 18 to- tala längd bestämmer avståndet C (fig. 6). Monteringen är i princip densamma som beskrivits i samband med fig. 6 med undan- taget av att det inte finns någon omväxlande påträdning av Üïskar Och SeParata krYmPrin9ar- Hoppressningen sker med fördel parvis.Fig. 7 shows an alternative embodiment in which the separate shrinkage rings have been replaced by shrinkage grooves 9 of the surface-enlarging element 10 itself. The mounting collar 18 has two parts, of which, the part 18a fulfills the function of the mounting collar itself, and the part 18b fulfills the function of the shrink ring. It should be noted that the part 18b is in fact stiffened by the connecting hub portion 13, and in addition its wall thickness can possibly be made larger than that of the part 18a. The edge 18c may have the same chamfer as described above and a chamfer in the opposite direction may also be provided at the edge 18d. The total length of the mounting collar 18 determines the distance C (Fig. 6). The assembly is in principle the same as described in connection with Fig. 6, with the exception that there is no alternating threading of Üïskar And SeParata krYmPrin9ar- The pressing takes place with advantage in pairs.

Enligt fig. 8 är inuti ett rörformigt värmeväxlarorgan 25 ett diskformigt ytförstorningselement 10' med första radiella sek- torer ll och andra radiella sektorer 12 anordnat (för översikt- ligheten visas inte de intilliggande likadana elementen). Det centrala navpartiet 13' visas i exemplet operforerat, men om så önskas så kan en genomströmningsöppning anordnas där. Mon- teringskragen 17' är anordnad vid elementets yttre periferi och är fast förbunden med de första sektorerna ll. I stället för en krympring används nu en utvidgningsring 21' med en yttre av- fasning 2l'b§ I analogi med anordningen enligt fig. l-6 är för lätt införande monteringsringens 17' yttre diameter något mindre än värmeväxlarrörets 10' inre diameter och utvidgninge- ringens 21' yttre diameter är något större än monteringsringens 17' inre diameter för åstadkommande av en "utåt riktad krymp- effekt“. Även i detta fall kan de separata utvidningsringarna 21' ersättas av spår, nu vid elementets 10' yttre periferi.According to Fig. 8, inside a tubular heat exchanger member 25, a disk-shaped surface enlarging element 10 'with first radial sectors 11 and second radial sectors 12 is arranged (for the sake of clarity, the adjacent identical elements are not shown). The central hub portion 13 'is shown in the example unperforated, but if desired, a flow opening can be provided there. The mounting collar 17 'is arranged at the outer periphery of the element and is fixedly connected to the first sectors 11. Instead of a shrink ring, an expansion ring 21 'with an outer bevel 211'b is now used. In analogy with the device according to Figs. 1-6, the outer diameter of the mounting ring 17' for easy insertion is slightly smaller than the inner diameter and expansion of the heat exchanger tube 10 '. the outer diameter of the ring 21 'is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the mounting ring 17' to provide an "outwardly directed shrinkage effect". Even in this case, the separate expansion rings 21 'can be replaced by grooves, now at the outer periphery of the element 10'.

Anordningen framgår när fig. 7 betraktas upp- och nedvänd och värmestaven 20 ersätts härvid av värmerörets 25 vägg. HOppress- ningen sker med fördel parvis.The device appears when Fig. 7 is viewed upside down and the heating rod 20 is thereby replaced by the wall of the heating tube 25. The hopping is advantageously done in pairs.

En värmeväxlare enligt uppfinningen framställs lämpligen på följande sättz- önskat antal plana diskämnen av lämpligt material(t.ex.metall- plåt) förberedes och förses med en monteringskrage vid den periferin- yttre eller inre - som i det aktuella fallet kommer att anligga mot värmeväxlarkroppen. I det sistnämnda fallet anordnas i ämnet även en central öppning vars kant bildar den nämnda inre periferin. Därefter anbringas ett system av radiella långsträckta perforationer i ämnet i antalet motsvarande antal- let önskade par av första och andra sektorer.Samtidigt, eller där- efter viks upp med önskad vinkel den del av varje yta inneslu- ten mellan två intilliggande perforeringar, som skall bilda den andra sektoren. Lämpligen kan dessförinnan ett system av radiella anvisningslinjer för utvikning pressas i ämnet såA heat exchanger according to the invention is suitably prepared in the following manner. The desired number of flat dishwashing articles of suitable material (eg sheet metal) is prepared and provided with a mounting collar at the peripheral outer or inner side - which in the present case will abut against the heat exchanger body. . In the latter case, a central opening is also provided in the blank, the edge of which forms the said inner periphery. Then a system of radial elongated perforations is applied to the blank in the number corresponding to the desired number of pairs of first and second sectors. Simultaneously, or thereafter, the part of each surface enclosed between two adjacent perforations is folded at the desired angle, which is to be form the second sector. Conveniently, a system of radial guide lines for unfolding can be pressed into the blank so that

Claims

78Û9555 * 1_ 5 that between each two adjacent perforations at the desired place (which must by no means be half the distance) there will be a guide line. Then the discs are stepped on a rod or tubular heat exchanger body (in the case of surface enlarging elements on the outside of the heat exchanger) or pushed into a tubular heat exchanger body (in the case of surface enlarging elements on the inside). The central opening in the first-mentioned case, and the outer periphery in the latter-mentioned case, are made with suitable play, so that the occurrence resp. the insertion can be easily performed. In the alternative according to Fig. 6, in this case, resp. pushed in alternately a disk and a separate shrink resp. expansion ring. When a locking ring, or alternatively all disks and all locking rings have been applied, the package is compressed so that the free ends of the mounting collars are pressed into resp. on the locking rings or into the corresponding grooves in adjacent disks. The first and the last element can also be locked to the heat exchanger body in a conventional manner, although this is not necessary. If desired, an outer casing is threaded onto a heat exchanger member with surface mounting elements on the outside. Heat exchanger means according to the invention can either be used for heating a medium (whereby, for example, steam, hot oil, hot water or electrical energy can be used as heat-emitting or generating medium) or for cooling with e.g. cold water or cold heat transfer oil as a heat-absorbing medium). The heat exchanger means according to the invention can easily be connected in series or in parallel by connection to a main pipeline for series or parallel connection. The invention is not limited to heat exchanger means with a circular cross-section, nor does the outer periphery of the surface-enlarging elements arranged on the outside have a contour corresponding to the inner periphery. Patent claims

1. l. Rod or tubular heat exchanger means having a plurality of tYäis m ° t 1än9ÖaXel1 line (A) of the heat exchanger means body (20, 25) arranged separate disk-shaped surface enlarging elements (10), each of which has a plurality of radially extending tabs , characterized in that at least some of said elements have flaps each having a first sector (II) which lies in a plane (E) perpendicular to said longitudinal axis line, and a second sector (12) which along its entire length on the side along a radially extending line (16a) is connected to the first sector and with a predetermined angle (a ﬂ) slopes towards this and towards said plane, free spaces (17) for adjacent tabs for passage of a medium are provided which are bounded by a free edge (16b) of the first sector of one tab and a free edge of the sloping second sector of the second tab.

Heat exchanger means according to claim 1, characterized in that each disk-shaped surface-enlarging element along Vsin abutting the periphery of the heat exchanger body (20, 25) has a mounting collar (15, 17 ', 18a) with an outer and an inner diameter and that a locking ring separated from each element (18b, 211, 12l ') is provided for locking the mounting collar to the body of the heat exchanger member, the inner and outer diameters of the mounting collar and the locking ring being so adapted that the locking ring when pressed on the mounting collar presses it against the body and heat exchanger means. the locking ring and said body preferably consist of materials with identical or at least adjacent coefficient of thermal expansion.

Heat exchanger means according to claim 2, characterized in that the locking ring is a separate independent element (21, 21 ').

Heat exchanger means according to claim 2, characterized in that the locking ring consists of an annular groove (19) in an adjacent disk-shaped surface-enlarging element.

5. ' Heat exchanger means according to one or more of claims 2-4, characterized in that the individual disk-shaped surface-enlarging elements abut with their mounting collars close to each other.

Method in the manufacture of rod or tubular heat exchanger means having a plurality of separate disc-shaped surface enlarging elements arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis of the member with radially extending tabs according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that - a) a flat dish blank is provided at its for periphery against the body of the heat exchanger intended periphery with a mounting r7eo9sss-1 collar which with a certain play follows the contour of said body, - b) the disc blank is provided with a plurality of radially extending through perforations, - c) a part of each between two said adjacent perforations - rings lying surface are folded along a radially extending line at the desired angle, so that between each two adjacent perforations a first sector in the plane of the disk blank, and a second sector connected thereto and folded out of the plane of the disk blank are provided, - d) the disks with utilization of said winch is stepped on a 7 rod or tubular heat exchanger body so that m the free ends of the mounting collars are in this case directed towards a cooperating locking ring, and - e) the package of disks and locking rings 6 thus obtained is pressed together until the mounting collars of the disks with their said free edges have penetrated into resp. pressed on the locking rings and by these by cold shrinkage have been deformed into a tight connection to the body of the heat exchanger means, - whereby steps a) -c) can also be performed in the order b), c), a) or b), a), c ).

7. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the disc blank is provided with a plurality of radial guide lines for folding before the development of the other sectors, wherein such a guide line is always placed at the desired place between two adjacent perforations.

Method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that separate locking rings are produced for each disc and in step d) alternating with the discs are stepped on resp. pushed into the body of the heat exchanger.

Method = according to one or more of Claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the mounting collars and / or the locking rings are produced with a width which corresponds to the mutual distance of the elements in the pre-assembled condition.

10. A method according to any one or more of claims * 6-9, characterized in that the mounting collars. and / or the locking rings are made with a bevelled edge for easier compression.